EP1164946A1 - Apparatus for dissection with pressurised liquid and injection by pressurised jet of a treating product - Google Patents

Apparatus for dissection with pressurised liquid and injection by pressurised jet of a treating product

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Publication number
EP1164946A1
EP1164946A1 EP00912724A EP00912724A EP1164946A1 EP 1164946 A1 EP1164946 A1 EP 1164946A1 EP 00912724 A EP00912724 A EP 00912724A EP 00912724 A EP00912724 A EP 00912724A EP 1164946 A1 EP1164946 A1 EP 1164946A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surgical
liquid
work device
medical work
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00912724A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bertrand Gonon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eschmann Holdings Ltd
Original Assignee
Saphir Medical Products GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saphir Medical Products GmbH filed Critical Saphir Medical Products GmbH
Publication of EP1164946A1 publication Critical patent/EP1164946A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/3203—Fluid jet cutting instruments
    • A61B17/32037—Fluid jet cutting instruments for removing obstructions from inner organs or blood vessels, e.g. for atherectomy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
    • A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
    • A61B2017/00247—Making holes in the wall of the heart, e.g. laser Myocardial revascularization
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
    • A61B2018/00351—Heart
    • A61B2018/00392—Transmyocardial revascularisation

Definitions

  • Apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid and injection by spraying with pressure of a treatment product Apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid and injection by spraying with pressure of a treatment product.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid allowing the simultaneous projection under pressure of a treatment product.
  • the pressurized liquid jet surgical devices make it possible to advantageously replace for certain delicate medical or surgical interventions the traditional mechanical cutting tools such as scalpels whose precision is conditioned by the human factor and particularly traumatic or lasers which perform a particularly cutting fine and precise but by means of a burn leading to necrosis of the adjacent tissues, unwanted and difficult to heal, as well as the ultrasonic scalpels having less effectiveness and requiring frequent and precise adjustments.
  • the traditional mechanical cutting tools such as scalpels whose precision is conditioned by the human factor and particularly traumatic or lasers which perform a particularly cutting fine and precise but by means of a burn leading to necrosis of the adjacent tissues, unwanted and difficult to heal, as well as the ultrasonic scalpels having less effectiveness and requiring frequent and precise adjustments.
  • pressurized liquid jet devices allow a clean and precise cut to be made without damaging the tissues adjacent to the target. They are moreover of a modest cost, in any case considerably lower for example than that of the apparatuses with laser or ultrasound rays, and are particularly flexible to use.
  • Many operating parameters such as the pressure of the working liquid, the power of the suction or the frequency and duration of the pulses if a pulsed jet is used, can be modified in order to optimize the effect obtained. Depending on the value of these parameters, it is possible to obtain a work of more or less incisive cutting of the tissues and a more or less large dissection effect, leading for example to a cutting of the softest tissues and leaving the others intact.
  • Pressurized liquid jet surgical devices are therefore particularly suitable for removing soft tissue, for example, because they are capable of emulsifying these tissue without damaging adjacent tissue.
  • the emulsified tissues are then easily drawn out of the intervention site by means of suction.
  • This product may have any therapeutic activity related to the patient's pathology or to the course of the intervention. It can for example be a preparatory agent for the intervention, useful for its progress, increasing its beneficial effects, limiting the risks of post-operative complications or combating side effects linked to the operative trauma. It can also be any therapeutic agent useful in the treatment of the patient's problem or illness.
  • the application must be carried out with an instrument different from the dissection instrument which implies a loss of time and concentration for the surgeon who must change the instrument during the intervention. This is all the more complicated when the intervention is non-invasive, that is to say takes place percutaneously by means of instruments carried by or integrated in a catheter slid to the site of the intervention.
  • the object of the invention is to allow the application of a treatment product directly on the site of the surgical or medical intervention and simultaneously with its realization and this with the same device.
  • the apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid according to the invention comprises means for switching or mixing a treatment product with the working liquid or means for multiplexing during a pulse regime of jets drawn under pressure.
  • the surgeon can thus, by means of the apparatus according to the invention, carry out the cutting directly with the treatment product by using it as sterile working liquid.
  • the therapeutic agent is generally quite expensive, it is also possible to use a sterile mixture of conventional working liquid, preferably physiological saline, and of treatment product.
  • This can for example include a control means allowing the person practicing the intervention to trigger, stop and / or modify the parameters, according to his needs, of the jet of pressurized working liquid and that of the treatment product, the two liquids being able to open from the device through two different orifices or through a single outlet orifice communicating via a switching or mixing device with two separate reserves or with a mixture reserve placed ( s) under pressure.
  • a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention provides a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid. It can then include a multiplexer making it possible to combine pulses of working liquid and treatment product within the discontinuous train of pulses constituting the pulsed jet.
  • the parameters of the different pulses, their nature and their succession can be modified and programmed according to the needs of the surgeon, the patient and the type of intervention performed, in order to optimize the result of the intervention.
  • the apparatus according to the invention provides very significant advantages over known systems. Thanks to him, the sterile treatment liquid can be sprayed directly under pressure on the site of the operation. The product thus arrives directly at its site of action with maximum efficiency. The risks of touching and damaging organs or tissues not affected by the application are greatly reduced.
  • the application is made from the cut and simultaneously with the course of the intervention, at the most appropriate time to ensure maximum effectiveness of the treatment product.
  • the strength of The pressure of the liquid jet also allows better penetration of the treatment product into the heart of the tissues where it diffuses rapidly and widely, which further reinforces its effectiveness.
  • the application of the therapeutic agent is simple, rapid and is done without changing the device and without distracting the surgeon.
  • the medical or surgical device according to the invention makes it possible to perform on the body of a living being or in ex situ surgery an operative and therapeutic act in a single intervention and with the same device.
  • the treatment product is preferably in liquid form.
  • the apparatus according to the invention may be suitable for a wide variety of medical or surgical interventions on all the organs of the body of a living being or in ex situ surgery, which will not be described below and in the body of the description, just a few examples.
  • the surgical device according to the invention is, for example, particularly suitable for performing interventions of the transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization type, because it allows the application of angiogenic substances simultaneously with the realization of the revascularization conduits in the ischemic zone of the myocardium.
  • Another example of application of the apparatus according to the invention and of the method implemented by it is the treatment of vascular diseases such as thromboses.
  • this device is also particularly advantageous for interventions on soft tissues such as for example those of the liver. It can advantageously be used to remove cancerous tumors on this organ or to perform transplants, the device according to the invention allowing the simultaneous application of anti-rejection substances.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with continuous jets of pressurized liquid, comprising two independent circuits for the circulation and ejection of the working liquid and of the treatment product;
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with jets drawn from pressurized liquid, comprising two independent circuits for the circulation and ejection of the working liquid and of the treatment product;
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing the circulation and the ejection of a mixture of working liquid and of treatment product, mixture produced before pressurizing the liquid; .
  • FIG. 4 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet drawn from a pressurized liquid extended by a hose and comprising a single circuit allowing the circulation and the ejection of a mixture of working liquid and treatment product, mixture produced after the pressurization of its constituents; .
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing the circulation and the ejection of a mixture of working liquid and treatment product, mixture produced after the pressurization of its constituents; .
  • FIG. 5 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing alternately the circulation and the ejection of a working liquid or of a treatment product, the switching member being arranged before pressurizing the liquid;
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing alternately the circulation and the ejection of a working liquid or of a treatment product, the switching member being arranged after the pressurization of the liquids;
  • FIG. 7 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus according to the invention allowing the emission of a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid formed of elementary pulses of working liquid and of a treatment product according to an order and according to parameters which can be modified and programmed as required.
  • the pressurized liquid dissection apparatus will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 7.
  • the equivalent elements shown in the different figures will bear the same numerical references.
  • the portions of circuits in which the working liquid circulates have been shown in thick gray lines.
  • the portions of circuits intended for the treatment product have been shown in thick black lines.
  • the thick continuous lines represent a continuous jet of liquid and the thick dotted lines represent a pulsed jet.
  • the surgical apparatus according to the present invention has been schematically represented in FIGS. 1 to 7. It is an apparatus 1 capable of sending one or more jets of sterile liquid under pressure, for example against a tissue to be cut or a material to be disaggregated.
  • This device comprises a pressurized liquid generator 2 connected to a reserve 3 of working liquid.
  • This reserve can be, for example, a plastic bag containing the working liquid enclosed in an enclosure which is filled with a neutral gas in order to compress the bag and put the liquid under pressure.
  • the pressure of the jet of liquid generated can be adjustable in order to adapt it to the needs.
  • the pressure inside the enclosure is preferably between 0.3 and 200 bars and preferably between 0.3 and 100 bars.
  • the enclosure can also be thermostatically heated to a temperature close to or slightly above 37 ° C so that the working liquid reaching the intervention site is approximately the same temperature as the patient's body.
  • a suitable working liquid pressure value cited here only by way of example for a dissection application is approximately 30 bars.
  • the working liquid used is preferably sterile physiological saline used at a suitable pressure which depends on the application. Therefore the cut is completely sterile and not aggressive for the tissues. This limits the problems of sterilization of needles and conventional surgical devices and reduces the risk of complications.
  • sterile liquids can obviously be used as a sterile working fluid such as for example a saline solution, a glucose solution, Ringer-lactate, hydroxyethyl starch or a mixture of these solutions.
  • the sterile working liquid is brought to a handpiece 4 allowing the surgeon performing the intervention to control the triggering of the working liquid jet and to direct it.
  • the handpiece 4 comprises an ergonomic body 5, allowing easy gripping and handling and may have control members such as for example a push button 6, as well as an active end 7 for example a tube 8 delivering the jet sterile liquid under pressure.
  • the end tube 8, for example of cylindrical shape, comprises a conduit 9 inside which the working liquid passes to an end orifice 10 through which the jet of pressurized liquid 11 gushes out in order to produce a surgical work of cutting, dissection or disintegration.
  • the surgical device 1 preferably comprises a suction system 12 connected to a vacuum source 13, for example the general vacuum circuit of the hospital.
  • a vacuum source 13 for example the general vacuum circuit of the hospital.
  • the suction system is terminated by a 'suction duct 14, for example of generally cylindrical shape, located at the end of level 7 and concentric or surrounding the conduit 9.
  • the suction conduit 14, opening ' close to the intervention zone makes it possible to aspirate the working liquid and the small debris during the dissection work, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and the visibility of the intervention area for the surgeon.
  • the surgical device is preferably a pulsed jet device sending the liquid under pressure by a shot in the form of a discontinuous train of pulses constituting jets. of pressurized liquid.
  • a shot can also consist of a single pulse.
  • the surgical apparatus further comprises a sequencer 15 allowing the formation of the pulsed jet and controlling its parameters.
  • the conduit for passing the pressurized liquid is put at certain times, as a function of the characteristics of the pulsed jet, in communication with the suction system in order to improve the shape of the train of pulses of pressurized liquid and according to an originality patented elsewhere.
  • the active end 7 of the device according to the invention may have a different shape depending on the nature of the intervention to be carried out.
  • the end tube 8 can thus be relatively short in the case of interventions concerning surface parts of the body or largely exposed tissue.
  • the tube 8 may have a greater length when, for example, it has to pass through a trocar in order to reach deeper tissues, the intervention thus requiring only incisions of reduced size that are less traumatic for the patient.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is extended by a hose 16, comprising the fluid circulation circuit (s) and which can be introduced and guided in a catheter slid to the site of the intervention, to perform non-invasive percutaneous interventions.
  • the active end 7 can also be articulated and orientable and include a locating system in order to be able to position itself at the appropriate place and at a preferential inclination, the assembly being controlled from the handpiece 4. It can also include an anchoring system in order to ensure immobilization of the active end during the firing of liquid under pressure, thus improving the precision of the interventions. It may for example be any mechanical means of anchoring or a means using the suction system of the instrument such as for example the skirt 17 illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the dissection apparatus further comprises a reserve 18 of treatment product.
  • the treatment product constitutes the working liquid and is stored in the reserve 3 previously described.
  • the treatment product is preferably in a liquid form or sufficiently fluid to be applied by means of the device according to the invention. It may be a single therapeutic agent or a mixture of several of them, in a form for example fluid and preferably liquid, in solution or suspension in any solvent or in the form of an emulsion , foam or gel.
  • the cost price of the treatment product being generally much higher than that of a working liquid, the apparatus according to the invention preferably comprises at least two separate reserves, one 3 for the working liquid and the 'other 18 for the treatment product.
  • the reserve 18 of treatment product can also be a plastic bag placed in the same pressurization enclosure as the reserve of working liquid or in another similar enclosure so as to be able to adjust the pressure of the treatment fluid independently of that of the working liquid.
  • the treatment product is then brought to the handpiece 4 through which it passes. It passes through a conduit 19 similar to the conduit 9 taken by the working liquid and emerges in the form of a jet of fluid 20 under pressure through an end orifice 21 similar to the end orifice 10. Triggering and stopping the jet of pressurized treatment fluid are controlled by the surgeon performing the intervention by means of a control member such as for example a push button 22.
  • the dissection apparatus according to the invention may also comprise only a single duct 9 and a single end orifice 10 serving for the working liquid as for the treatment product, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7.
  • the dissection apparatus can then comprise, for example, upstream of this conduit 9, a switching member 23 allowing the surgeon performing the intervention to trigger, as desired, the shot from the orifice 10 of a jet of working liquid or of a jet of treatment product.
  • a shot of working liquid symbolized by a thick black line, has been represented.
  • the switching member 23 the surgeon can in the same way choose to carry out a shot of treatment product.
  • This switching member can be located either upstream ( Figure 5) or downstream ( Figure 6) of the generator 2 allowing the pressurization of the liquid (s).
  • the device may also include, in place of the switching member 23, a mixing member 24 allowing the surgeon to produce, at the appropriate time, a mixture of working liquid and treatment product.
  • the mixing member 24 is adjusted, manually or automatically, so as to make a mixture whose respective proportions of the various constituents have been previously chosen.
  • the mixing member 24 is placed upstream of the orifice 10 and of the conduit 9 leading to it, at any level of the apparatus according to the invention which can be located before (FIG. 3) or after (FIG. 4) the setting under pressure of the liquid (s).
  • the reserves of working liquid 3 and of treatment product 18 can be replaced by a single reserve 25 of sterile premixed liquid.
  • the apparatus makes it possible to send a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid
  • it may also comprise a multiplexer 26 making it possible to combine pulses of working liquid and of product processing within the discontinuous train of pulses constituting the pulsed jet.
  • the parameters of the different pulses, their nature and their succession can be modified and programmed according to the needs of the surgeon, the patient and the type of intervention performed, in order to optimize the result of the intervention.
  • This preferred mode of the apparatus according to the invention has been shown in FIG. 7.
  • the invention is obviously not limited to an apparatus which can inject only one treatment product. It is possible to imagine, in accordance with the invention, a dissection apparatus allowing the application of various treatment products of different nature, alternatively, simultaneously or in mixture, by means of independent conduits and orifices, organs switching, mixing components, a multiplexer alternating within a single shot drawn from liquid under pressure of the elementary pulses of working liquid and / or the different treatment products, or a combination of these different means.
  • a device according to the invention first injecting an agent preparatory to the intervention, then the working liquid in order to carry out the dissection and simultaneously or just after a second treatment product this time having a therapeutic action.
  • the surgical apparatus according to the invention is for example particularly suitable for performing interventions of the type of transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization, consisting in digging a plurality of revascularization conduits in an ischemic zone of the wall of the myocardium.
  • the device according to the invention provides a great improvement compared to known revascularization apparatuses, because it makes it possible to inject a therapeutic liquid, directly at the level of the conduits in the myocardium and simultaneously with their production.
  • the application of the treating liquid can also be carried out before or after the perforations have been made.
  • the treating agent can thus, for example, but not limited to, be an agent preparing the muscle for the formation of conduits, promoting the development of new vessels, limiting the filling of perforations, avoiding post-operative complications, or any other useful agent in case of surgery OR in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
  • VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
  • a liquid containing the copies of this gene, the virus or any other vector thereof can be applied when the perforations are made or immediately after.
  • This application can trigger, accelerate or increase the angiogenesis that one seeks to generate by the intervention of transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization.
  • Any other angiogenic substance can also be applied in the same way. It may be, for example, other growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factors (FGF) and mitogenic endothelial growth factors, or else, for example, estrogens such as estradiol, estriol or 17- ⁇ -estradiol.
  • FGF fibroblast growth factors
  • mitogenic endothelial growth factors or else, for example, estrogens such as estradiol, estriol or 17- ⁇ -estradiol.
  • Another example of application of the apparatus according to the invention is the treatment of vascular obstructions such as thromboses.
  • the application in recanalization of the arteries obstructed by a thrombus will be carried out using the apparatus according to the invention in its catheter version which can for example project as a preparative a thrombolytic agent of high efficiency of the streptokinase or urokinase type.
  • the work of fragmentation or disintegration of the thrombus can be carried out using the same liquid agent under pressure combining its biochemical action with that of the pressure force of the jet.
  • Another dissipating thrombolytic agent slow may be projected or diffused on the site after the evacuation of the thrombus by the suction system of the apparatus, to neutralize the usual well-known tendency to the formation of a new thrombus.
  • the apparatus according to the invention in its catheter version makes it possible to envisage cleaning and surfacing of the wall of the arteries with a view to recalibrating the vessels.
  • the first phase consists of cleaning by the mechanical effect of pressure and by the effect of an agent promoting the detachment of deposits and atheroma plaques.
  • the raw flesh can then be smoothed and surfaced by the deposition of an agent promoting the endothelialization of the abraded wall which temporarily becomes very thro bogenic. Again, this may be direct cell therapy with injection of autologous or allogenic endothelial cells from cultures or catalysts for the formation of new autologous cells.
  • the apparatus according to the invention because of its dissection work of adjustable intensity, is also particularly advantageous for interventions on soft tissues such as for example those of the liver. It can advantageously be used to carry out hepatic resections, for example partial or total grafts, allowing in addition the simultaneous application of anti-rejection substances.
  • Intervention on a cancerous liver will rid it of all its cancerous tumors by the combined action of a cytolytic agent and the high pressure of the working fluid.
  • a preparation agent can be projected onto the site. Then, using the high pressure jet, the surgical work, which essentially consists of cleaning the liver of its tumors, will be carried out.
  • the cutting and scraping work by the mechanical effect of the high-pressure jet shaped as a sheet allows an effective cleaning practically free bleeding due to the incisive effect of the jet and the softness of the tissue.
  • the arterioles and veins, as well as the bile elements are all preserved.
  • the locally projected cytolytic agent aids in the scaling of tumors and their dissociation from healthy tissue.
  • the projection of a chemotherapy agent can avoid taking tires tiring the body in the immediate post-operative phase.
  • an internal cavity will persist within the hepatic parenchyma whose spontaneous re-habitation may be accelerated by the injection of '' an emulsion, foam or gel combining a filling effect and, depending on their composition, healing adjuvants.
  • myocardial revascularization multiple sequential perforations according to a precise or random protocol, through the sclerotic parenchyma and regeneration nodules characteristic of cirrhosis could contribute to stabilizing the sclerogenic involution, or even to stimulate the regeneration of healthy elements, especially by combining the injection of hepatotrophic factors.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an apparatus for dissection with pressurised liquid characterised in that it comprises means for pressurising (2) working and treatment liquids, controlled outlet means (9, 10) for a pressurised jet and means for switching or mixing the treating product with the working liquid or means for multiplexing (26), in pulse operation pulsed jets under pressure. The apparatus enables to spray under pressure at least a treating product with the pressurised jet of working liquid or separately therefrom, but with the same apparatus and during the same intervention, so as to perform in one common operation a surgical action and a therapeutic action. The invention is applicable in the surgical and medical fields.

Description

Appareil pour la dissection par liquide sous pression et l'injection par projection sous pression d'un produit de traitement. Apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid and injection by spraying with pressure of a treatment product.
La présente invention concerne un appareil de dissection par liquide sous pression permettant la projection simultanée sous pression d'un produit de traitement .The present invention relates to an apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid allowing the simultaneous projection under pressure of a treatment product.
L'utilisation d'un jet de liquide sous pression est connue dans le domaine chirurgical et médical, et permet de réaliser avantageusement toute sorte de découpes, dissections, ablations ou désagrégations. De nombreux appareils à jet continu ou puisé de liquide sous pression, avec ou sans aspiration, ont été décrits dans le cadre de demandes de brevets. On peut ainsi citer par exemple les demandes O 97/03713, FR 2.780.268 et FR 2.779.934 au nom de SAPHIR MEDICAL ou la demande EP 0.636.345 au nom de SENTINEL MEDICAL. Les appareils chirurgicaux à jet de liquide sous pression permettent de remplacer avantageusement pour certaines interventions médicales ou chirurgicales délicates les outils de découpes mécaniques traditionnels tels que les scalpels dont la précision est conditionnée par le facteur humain et particulièrement traumatisants ou les lasers qui effectuent une découpe particulièrement fine et précise mais au moyen d'une brûlure conduisant à une nécrose des tissus adjacents, non souhaitée et difficile à cicatriser, ainsi que les bistouris ultrasoniques présentant une moindre efficacité et nécessitant des réglages fréquents et précis.The use of a jet of pressurized liquid is known in the surgical and medical field, and makes it possible to advantageously carry out any kind of cuts, dissections, ablations or disaggregations. Numerous apparatuses with continuous or pulsed jet of liquid under pressure, with or without suction, have been described in the context of patent applications. Mention may therefore be made, for example, of applications O 97/03713, FR 2,780,268 and FR 2,779,934 in the name of SAPHIR MEDICAL or the application EP 0.636.345 in the name of SENTINEL MEDICAL. The pressurized liquid jet surgical devices make it possible to advantageously replace for certain delicate medical or surgical interventions the traditional mechanical cutting tools such as scalpels whose precision is conditioned by the human factor and particularly traumatic or lasers which perform a particularly cutting fine and precise but by means of a burn leading to necrosis of the adjacent tissues, unwanted and difficult to heal, as well as the ultrasonic scalpels having less effectiveness and requiring frequent and precise adjustments.
Au contraire, les appareils à jet de liquide sous pression permettent de réaliser une découpe nette et précise sans endommager les tissus adjacents à la cible. Ils sont en outre d'un coût modeste, en tout cas nettement inférieur par exemple à celui des appareils à rayons laser ou à ultrasons, et sont particulièrement souples d'utilisation. En effet, de nombreux paramètres de fonctionnement, tels que la pression du liquide de travail, la puissance de l'aspiration ou la fréquence et la durée des impulsions si l'on utilise un jet puisé, peuvent être modifiés afin d'optimiser l'effet obtenu. Selon la valeur de ces paramètres, on peut obtenir un travail de découpe plus ou moins incisive des tissus et un effet de dissection plus ou moins grand, conduisant par exemple à une découpe des tissus les plus mous et laissant les autres intacts.On the contrary, pressurized liquid jet devices allow a clean and precise cut to be made without damaging the tissues adjacent to the target. They are moreover of a modest cost, in any case considerably lower for example than that of the apparatuses with laser or ultrasound rays, and are particularly flexible to use. Many operating parameters, such as the pressure of the working liquid, the power of the suction or the frequency and duration of the pulses if a pulsed jet is used, can be modified in order to optimize the effect obtained. Depending on the value of these parameters, it is possible to obtain a work of more or less incisive cutting of the tissues and a more or less large dissection effect, leading for example to a cutting of the softest tissues and leaving the others intact.
Les appareils chirurgicaux à jet de liquide sous pression sont ainsi particulièrement appropriés pour réaliser par exemple l'ablation de tissus mous, car ils sont capables d'émulsifier ces tissus sans abîmer les tissus adjacents. Les tissus émulsifiés sont ensuite facilement entraînés hors du site de l'intervention au moyen de l'aspiration.Pressurized liquid jet surgical devices are therefore particularly suitable for removing soft tissue, for example, because they are capable of emulsifying these tissue without damaging adjacent tissue. The emulsified tissues are then easily drawn out of the intervention site by means of suction.
Afin d'accroître pour le patient les bénéfices de l'intervention chirurgicale, il serait souvent souhaitable de pouvoir lui administrer un produit de traitement dès l'intervention. Ce produit peut avoir une activité thérapeutique quelconque liée à la pathologie du patient ou au déroulement de l'intervention. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'un agent préparatoire à l'intervention, utile à son déroulement, accroissant ses effets bénéfiques, limitant les risques de complications post-opératoires ou luttant contre des effets secondaires liés au traumatisme opératoire. Il peut également s'agir d'un agent thérapeutique quelconque utile dans le traitement du problème ou de la maladie du patient considéré.In order to increase the benefits of the surgical intervention for the patient, it would often be desirable to be able to administer a treatment product to him as soon as the intervention is performed. This product may have any therapeutic activity related to the patient's pathology or to the course of the intervention. It can for example be a preparatory agent for the intervention, useful for its progress, increasing its beneficial effects, limiting the risks of post-operative complications or combating side effects linked to the operative trauma. It can also be any therapeutic agent useful in the treatment of the patient's problem or illness.
Or avec les instruments chirurgicaux connus dans l'état de la technique, l'application directe et simultanée d'un produit de traitement n'est pas possible. L'application d'un produit de traitement a lieu en général avant ou après l'intervention et/ou par l'intermédiaire d'une injection n'étant pas effectuée sur le site de l'intervention le plus souvent inaccessible. L'agent thérapeutique doit alors circuler dans le système sanguin du patient jusqu'à atteindre sa cible. Cette circulation peut entraîner une diminution de l'efficacité du produit de traitement et provoquer des effets secondaires non souhaités en affectant également des tissus autres que ceux visés.However, with the surgical instruments known in the prior art, the direct and simultaneous application of a treatment product is not possible. The application of a treatment product generally takes place before or after the intervention and / or by most often inaccessible through an injection not being carried out at the intervention site. The therapeutic agent must then circulate in the patient's blood system until it reaches its target. This circulation can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the treatment product and cause unwanted side effects by also affecting tissues other than those targeted.
Si elle est réalisée pendant l'intervention, l'application doit être effectuée avec un instrument différent de l'instrument de dissection ce qui implique une perte de temps et de concentration pour le chirurgien qui doit changer d' instrument en cours d'intervention. Ceci est d'autant plus compliqué lorsque l'intervention est non-effractive, c'est-à-dire se déroule de façon percutanée au moyen d' instruments portés par ou intégrés dans un cathéter glissé jusqu'au site de l'intervention.If it is carried out during the intervention, the application must be carried out with an instrument different from the dissection instrument which implies a loss of time and concentration for the surgeon who must change the instrument during the intervention. This is all the more complicated when the intervention is non-invasive, that is to say takes place percutaneously by means of instruments carried by or integrated in a catheter slid to the site of the intervention.
Le but de l'invention est de permettre l'application d'un produit de traitement directement sur le site de l'intervention chirurgicale ou médicale et simultanément à sa réalisation et ceci avec le même appareil.The object of the invention is to allow the application of a treatment product directly on the site of the surgical or medical intervention and simultaneously with its realization and this with the same device.
Pour résoudre ce problème technique, l'appareil de dissection par liquide sous pression selon l'invention comporte des moyens de commutation ou de mélange d'un produit de traitement avec le liquide de travail ou des moyens de multiplexage lors d'un régime impulsionnel de jets puisés sous pression. Le chirurgien peut ainsi, au moyen de l'appareil selon l'invention, réaliser la découpe directement avec le produit de traitement en l'utilisant comme liquide de travail stérile. L'agent thérapeutique étant généralement assez onéreux, il est également possible d'utiliser un mélange stérile de liquide de travail classique, de préférence du sérum physiologique, et de produit de traitement. En partant de ce principe de base, il est possible d'envisager de nombreuses autres variantes de l'appareil selon l'invention. Celui-ci peut par exemple comporter un moyen de commande permettant à la personne pratiquant l'intervention de déclencher, de stopper et/ou de modifier les paramètres, en fonction de ses besoins, du jet de liquide de travail sous pression et de celui du produit de traitement, les deux liquides pouvant déboucher de l'appareil par deux orifices différents ou par un unique orifice de sortie communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de commutation ou de mélange avec deux réserves séparées ou avec une réserve de mélange mise (s) sous pression.To solve this technical problem, the apparatus for dissection by pressurized liquid according to the invention comprises means for switching or mixing a treatment product with the working liquid or means for multiplexing during a pulse regime of jets drawn under pressure. The surgeon can thus, by means of the apparatus according to the invention, carry out the cutting directly with the treatment product by using it as sterile working liquid. Since the therapeutic agent is generally quite expensive, it is also possible to use a sterile mixture of conventional working liquid, preferably physiological saline, and of treatment product. Starting from this basic principle, it is possible to envisage many other variants of the apparatus according to the invention. This can for example include a control means allowing the person practicing the intervention to trigger, stop and / or modify the parameters, according to his needs, of the jet of pressurized working liquid and that of the treatment product, the two liquids being able to open from the device through two different orifices or through a single outlet orifice communicating via a switching or mixing device with two separate reserves or with a mixture reserve placed ( s) under pressure.
Un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'appareil selon l'invention fournit un jet puisé de liquide sous pression. Il peut alors comporter un multiplexeur permettant de combiner des impulsions de liquide de travail et de produit de traitement au sein du train discontinu d'impulsions constitutives du jet puisé. Les paramètres des différentes impulsions, leur nature et leur succession peuvent être modifiés et programmés en fonction des besoins du chirurgien, du patient et du type d'intervention pratiquée, afin d'optimiser le résultat de l'intervention. L'appareil selon l'invention confère des avantages très importants par rapport aux systèmes connus. Grâce à lui, le liquide de traitement stérile peut être directement projeté sous pression sur le site même de l'opération. Le produit arrive ainsi directement sur son site d'action avec une efficacité maximale. Les risques de toucher et d'endommager des organes ou tissus non concernés par l'application sont fortement réduits.A preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention provides a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid. It can then include a multiplexer making it possible to combine pulses of working liquid and treatment product within the discontinuous train of pulses constituting the pulsed jet. The parameters of the different pulses, their nature and their succession can be modified and programmed according to the needs of the surgeon, the patient and the type of intervention performed, in order to optimize the result of the intervention. The apparatus according to the invention provides very significant advantages over known systems. Thanks to him, the sterile treatment liquid can be sprayed directly under pressure on the site of the operation. The product thus arrives directly at its site of action with maximum efficiency. The risks of touching and damaging organs or tissues not affected by the application are greatly reduced.
L'application se fait dès la découpe et simultanément au déroulement de l'intervention, au moment le plus approprié pour assurer une efficacité maximale au produit de traitement. La force de la pression du jet de liquide permet de plus une meilleure pénétration du produit de traitement jusqu'au cœur des tissus où il se diffuse de façon rapide et étendue ce qui renforce encore son efficacité. Par ailleurs, l'application de l'agent thérapeutique est simple, rapide et se fait sans changer d'appareil et sans déconcentrer le chirurgien.The application is made from the cut and simultaneously with the course of the intervention, at the most appropriate time to ensure maximum effectiveness of the treatment product. The strength of The pressure of the liquid jet also allows better penetration of the treatment product into the heart of the tissues where it diffuses rapidly and widely, which further reinforces its effectiveness. Furthermore, the application of the therapeutic agent is simple, rapid and is done without changing the device and without distracting the surgeon.
L' appareil médical ou chirurgical selon l'invention dont le fluide de travail est un liquide biocompatible sous pression, permet de réaliser sur le corps d'un être vivant ou en chirurgie ex-situ un acte opératoire et thérapeutique en une seule intervention et avec le même appareil. Pour ce faire, on projette sous pression, au cours de l'intervention et avec ce même appareil, un produit de traitement, mélangé ou non avec le liquide de travail, améliorant ainsi sa pénétration et sa diffusion dans les tissus. Le produit de traitement se présente de préférence sous forme liquide. En variante, on peut projeter, à la place ou en plus, un agent thérapeutique de préparation du travail chirurgical avant l'action chirurgicale ou un agent de finition du travail chirurgical après celle- ci . L'appareil selon l'invention peut convenir pour une grande variété d' interventions médicales ou chirurgicales sur tous les organes du corps d'un être vivant ou en chirurgie ex-situ, dont on ne décrira, ci- après et dans le corps de la description, que quelques exemples.The medical or surgical device according to the invention, the working fluid of which is a biocompatible liquid under pressure, makes it possible to perform on the body of a living being or in ex situ surgery an operative and therapeutic act in a single intervention and with the same device. To do this, we spray under pressure, during the intervention and with this same device, a treatment product, mixed or not with the working liquid, thus improving its penetration and its diffusion in the tissues. The treatment product is preferably in liquid form. As a variant, it is possible to spray, instead of or in addition, a therapeutic agent for preparing the surgical work before the surgical action or a finishing agent for the surgical work after the latter. The apparatus according to the invention may be suitable for a wide variety of medical or surgical interventions on all the organs of the body of a living being or in ex situ surgery, which will not be described below and in the body of the description, just a few examples.
L'appareil chirurgical selon l'invention est par exemple particulièrement approprié pour réaliser des interventions du type de la revascularisation transmyocardiale ou myocardique, car il permet l'application de substances angiogéniques simultanément à la réalisation des conduits de revascularisation dans la zone ischémiée du myocarde. Un autre exemple d'application de l'appareil selon l'invention et du procédé mis en œuvre par celui- ci est le traitement des maladies vasculaires telles que les thromboses. Par ailleurs, du fait de son effet de dissection d'intensité réglable, cet appareil est également particulièrement avantageux pour les interventions sur les tissus mous tels que par exemple ceux du foie. Il peut avantageusement être utilisé pour ôter des tumeurs cancéreuses sur cet organe ou pour réaliser des greffes, l'appareil selon l'invention permettant l'application simultanée de substances antirejet.The surgical device according to the invention is, for example, particularly suitable for performing interventions of the transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization type, because it allows the application of angiogenic substances simultaneously with the realization of the revascularization conduits in the ischemic zone of the myocardium. Another example of application of the apparatus according to the invention and of the method implemented by it is the treatment of vascular diseases such as thromboses. Furthermore, because of its dissection effect of adjustable intensity, this device is also particularly advantageous for interventions on soft tissues such as for example those of the liver. It can advantageously be used to remove cancerous tumors on this organ or to perform transplants, the device according to the invention allowing the simultaneous application of anti-rejection substances.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit, donnée à titre d'exemple et accompagnée des dessins, dans lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear in the description which follows, given by way of example and accompanied by the drawings, in which:
. la figure 1 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jets continus de liquide sous pression, comportant deux circuits indépendants pour la circulation et l'éjection du liquide de travail et du produit de traitement;. FIG. 1 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with continuous jets of pressurized liquid, comprising two independent circuits for the circulation and ejection of the working liquid and of the treatment product;
. la figure 2 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jets puisés de liquide sous pression, comportant deux circuits indépendants pour la circulation et l'éjection du liquide de travail et du produit de traitement;. FIG. 2 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with jets drawn from pressurized liquid, comprising two independent circuits for the circulation and ejection of the working liquid and of the treatment product;
. la figure 3 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jet puisé de liquide sous pression, comportant un unique circuit permettant la circulation et l'éjection d'un mélange de liquide de travail et de produit de traitement, mélange réalisé avant la mise sous pression du liquide; . la figure 4 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jet puisé de liquide sous pression prolongé par un flexible et comportant un unique circuit permettant la circulation et l'éjection d'un mélange de liquide de travail et de produit de traitement, mélange réalisé après la mise sous pression de ses constituants; . la figure 5 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jet puisé de liquide sous pression, comportant un unique circuit permettant alternativement la circulation et l'éjection d'un liquide de travail ou d'un produit de traitement, l'organe de commutation étant disposé avant la mise sous pression du liquide;. FIG. 3 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing the circulation and the ejection of a mixture of working liquid and of treatment product, mixture produced before pressurizing the liquid; . FIG. 4 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet drawn from a pressurized liquid extended by a hose and comprising a single circuit allowing the circulation and the ejection of a mixture of working liquid and treatment product, mixture produced after the pressurization of its constituents; . FIG. 5 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing alternately the circulation and the ejection of a working liquid or of a treatment product, the switching member being arranged before pressurizing the liquid;
. la figure 6 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection à jet puisé de liquide sous pression, comportant un unique circuit permettant alternativement la circulation et l'éjection d'un liquide de travail ou d'un produit de traitement, l'organe de commutation étant disposé après la mise sous pression des liquides;. FIG. 6 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus with a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid, comprising a single circuit allowing alternately the circulation and the ejection of a working liquid or of a treatment product, the switching member being arranged after the pressurization of the liquids;
. la figure 7 est un schéma explicatif simplifié d'un appareil de dissection selon l'invention permettant l'émission d'un jet puisé de liquide sous pression formé d'impulsions élémentaires de liquide de travail et d'un produit de traitement selon un ordre et en fonction de paramètres modifiables et programmables selon les besoins.. FIG. 7 is a simplified explanatory diagram of a dissection apparatus according to the invention allowing the emission of a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid formed of elementary pulses of working liquid and of a treatment product according to an order and according to parameters which can be modified and programmed as required.
L'appareil de dissection par liquide sous pression selon la présente invention va maintenant être décrit de façon détaillée en référence aux figures 1 à 7. Les éléments équivalents représentés sur les différentes figures porteront les mêmes références numériques. Les portions de circuits dans lesquelles circule le liquide de travail ont été représentées en traits épais de couleur grise. Les portions de circuits destinées au produit de traitement ont été représentées en traits épais de couleur noire. Les traits épais continus représentent un jet continu de liquide et les traits épais en pointillés un jet puisé. L' appareil chirurgical selon la présente invention a été schématiquement représenté sur les figures 1 à 7. Il s'agit d'un appareil 1 capable d'envoyer un ou plusieurs jets de liquide stérile sous pression par exemple contre un tissu à découper ou une matière à désagréger.The pressurized liquid dissection apparatus according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The equivalent elements shown in the different figures will bear the same numerical references. The portions of circuits in which the working liquid circulates have been shown in thick gray lines. The portions of circuits intended for the treatment product have been shown in thick black lines. The thick continuous lines represent a continuous jet of liquid and the thick dotted lines represent a pulsed jet. The surgical apparatus according to the present invention has been schematically represented in FIGS. 1 to 7. It is an apparatus 1 capable of sending one or more jets of sterile liquid under pressure, for example against a tissue to be cut or a material to be disaggregated.
Cet appareil comporte un générateur de liquide sous pression 2 relié à une réserve 3 de liquide de travail. Cette réserve peut être, par exemple, une poche en matière plastique contenant le liquide de travail enfermée dans une enceinte que l'on remplit par un gaz neutre afin de comprimer la poche et de mettre le liquide sous pression. La pression du jet de liquide généré peut être réglable afin de l'adapter aux besoins. La pression à l'intérieur de l'enceinte est de préférence comprise entre 0,3 et 200 bars et préférentiellement entre 0,3 et 100 bars. L'enceinte peut également être chauffée de façon thermostatée à une température voisine ou légèrement supérieure à 37 °C afin que le liquide de travail atteignant le site de l'intervention soit approximativement à la même température que le corps du patient.This device comprises a pressurized liquid generator 2 connected to a reserve 3 of working liquid. This reserve can be, for example, a plastic bag containing the working liquid enclosed in an enclosure which is filled with a neutral gas in order to compress the bag and put the liquid under pressure. The pressure of the jet of liquid generated can be adjustable in order to adapt it to the needs. The pressure inside the enclosure is preferably between 0.3 and 200 bars and preferably between 0.3 and 100 bars. The enclosure can also be thermostatically heated to a temperature close to or slightly above 37 ° C so that the working liquid reaching the intervention site is approximately the same temperature as the patient's body.
Une valeur adaptée de pression du liquide de travail citée ici uniquement à titre d'exemple pour une application de dissection est d'environ 30 bars.A suitable working liquid pressure value cited here only by way of example for a dissection application is approximately 30 bars.
Le liquide de travail utilisé est de préférence du sérum physiologique stérile utilisé à une pression adaptée qui est fonction de l'application. De ce fait la découpe est complètement stérile et non agressive pour les tissus. On limite ainsi les problèmes de stérilisation des aiguilles et appareils chirurgicaux classiques et on réduit les risques de complications .The working liquid used is preferably sterile physiological saline used at a suitable pressure which depends on the application. Therefore the cut is completely sterile and not aggressive for the tissues. This limits the problems of sterilization of needles and conventional surgical devices and reduces the risk of complications.
D'autres liquides stériles peuvent évidemment être utilisés en tant que fluide stérile de travail comme par exemple une solution saline, une solution de glucose, de Ringer-lactate, d' hydroxy-éthyl-amidon ou un mélange de ces solutions.Other sterile liquids can obviously be used as a sterile working fluid such as for example a saline solution, a glucose solution, Ringer-lactate, hydroxyethyl starch or a mixture of these solutions.
Le liquide de travail stérile est amené à une pièce à main 4 permettant au chirurgien réalisant l'intervention de commander le déclenchement du jet de liquide de travail et de le diriger. La pièce à main 4 comporte un corps 5 ergonomique, permettant une préhension et un maniement aisés et pouvant présenter des organes de commande tels que par exemple un bouton- poussoir 6, ainsi qu'une extrémité active 7 par exemple un tube 8 délivrant le jet de liquide stérile sous pression. Le tube d'extrémité 8, par exemple de forme cylindrique, comprend un conduit 9 à l'intérieur duquel passe le liquide de travail jusqu'à un orifice d'extrémité 10 par lequel jaillit le jet de liquide sous pression 11 afin de réaliser un travail chirurgical de découpe, de dissection ou de désagrégation.The sterile working liquid is brought to a handpiece 4 allowing the surgeon performing the intervention to control the triggering of the working liquid jet and to direct it. The handpiece 4 comprises an ergonomic body 5, allowing easy gripping and handling and may have control members such as for example a push button 6, as well as an active end 7 for example a tube 8 delivering the jet sterile liquid under pressure. The end tube 8, for example of cylindrical shape, comprises a conduit 9 inside which the working liquid passes to an end orifice 10 through which the jet of pressurized liquid 11 gushes out in order to produce a surgical work of cutting, dissection or disintegration.
L'appareil chirurgical 1 comporte de préférence un système d'aspiration 12 relié à une source de vide 13, par exemple le circuit général de vide de l'hôpital. Dans les différents modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 1 à 7, le système d'aspiration se termine par un ' conduit d'aspiration 14, par exemple de forme générale cylindrique, situé au niveau de l'extrémité 7 et concentrique ou entourant le conduit 9. Le conduit d'aspiration 14, débouchant' à proximité de la zone d'intervention permet d'aspirer le liquide de travail et les petits débris au cours du travail de dissection, améliorant ainsi l'efficacité de la découpe et la visibilité de la zone d' intervention pour le chirurgien.The surgical device 1 preferably comprises a suction system 12 connected to a vacuum source 13, for example the general vacuum circuit of the hospital. In the various embodiments shown in Figures 1-7, the suction system is terminated by a 'suction duct 14, for example of generally cylindrical shape, located at the end of level 7 and concentric or surrounding the conduit 9. The suction conduit 14, opening ' close to the intervention zone makes it possible to aspirate the working liquid and the small debris during the dissection work, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and the visibility of the intervention area for the surgeon.
Pour une meilleure efficacité, l'appareil chirurgical selon la présente invention est de préférence un appareil à jet puisé envoyant le liquide sous pression par un tir sous la forme d'un train discontinu d'impulsions constituant des jets élémentaires de liquide sous pression. Un tir peut aussi être constitué d'une seule impulsion. Dans ce mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 2 à 7, l'appareil chirurgical comporte en outre un séquenceur 15 permettant la formation du jet puisé et commandant ses paramètres.For better efficiency, the surgical device according to the present invention is preferably a pulsed jet device sending the liquid under pressure by a shot in the form of a discontinuous train of pulses constituting jets. of pressurized liquid. A shot can also consist of a single pulse. In this embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the surgical apparatus further comprises a sequencer 15 allowing the formation of the pulsed jet and controlling its parameters.
Selon une variante préférentielle, le conduit de passage du liquide sous pression est mis à certains moments, en fonction des caractéristiques du jet puisé, en communication avec le système d'aspiration afin d'améliorer la forme du train des impulsions de liquide sous pression et selon une originalité brevetée par ailleurs .According to a preferred variant, the conduit for passing the pressurized liquid is put at certain times, as a function of the characteristics of the pulsed jet, in communication with the suction system in order to improve the shape of the train of pulses of pressurized liquid and according to an originality patented elsewhere.
L'extrémité active 7 de l'appareil selon l'invention peut présenter une forme différente en fonction de la nature de l'intervention à réaliser. Le tube d'extrémité 8 peut ainsi être relativement court dans le cas d' interventions concernant des parties superficielles du corps ou des tissus largement mis à nu. Le tube 8 peut présenter une longueur plus importante lorsqu'il doit par exemple passer par un trocart afin d'atteindre des tissus plus profonds, l'intervention requérant ainsi seulement des incisions de tailles réduites moins traumatisantes pour le patient. Selon une autre variante illustrée sur la figure 4, l'appareil selon l'invention se prolonge par un flexible 16, comprenant le ou les circuits de circulation de fluide et pouvant être introduit et guidé dans un cathéter glissé jusqu'au site de l'intervention, afin de réaliser des interventions percutanées non invasives.The active end 7 of the device according to the invention may have a different shape depending on the nature of the intervention to be carried out. The end tube 8 can thus be relatively short in the case of interventions concerning surface parts of the body or largely exposed tissue. The tube 8 may have a greater length when, for example, it has to pass through a trocar in order to reach deeper tissues, the intervention thus requiring only incisions of reduced size that are less traumatic for the patient. According to another variant illustrated in FIG. 4, the apparatus according to the invention is extended by a hose 16, comprising the fluid circulation circuit (s) and which can be introduced and guided in a catheter slid to the site of the intervention, to perform non-invasive percutaneous interventions.
L'extrémité active 7 peut de plus, être articulée et orientable et comporter un système de repérage afin de pouvoir se positionner à l'endroit approprié et selon une inclinaison préférentielle, l'ensemble étant commandé à partir de la pièce à main 4. Elle peut également comporter un système d'ancrage afin d'assurer une immobilisation de l'extrémité active lors des tirs de liquide sous pression, améliorant ainsi la précision des interventions. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'un moyen mécanique quelconque d'ancrage ou d'un moyen utilisant le système d'aspiration de l'instrument tel que par exemple la jupe 17 illustrée sur la figure 4.The active end 7 can also be articulated and orientable and include a locating system in order to be able to position itself at the appropriate place and at a preferential inclination, the assembly being controlled from the handpiece 4. It can also include an anchoring system in order to ensure immobilization of the active end during the firing of liquid under pressure, thus improving the precision of the interventions. It may for example be any mechanical means of anchoring or a means using the suction system of the instrument such as for example the skirt 17 illustrated in FIG. 4.
Afin de permettre l'application d'un produit de traitement, l'appareil de dissection selon l'invention comporte en outre une réserve 18 de produit de traitement. Selon la réalisation la plus simple de l'invention, le produit de traitement constitue le liquide de travail et est stocké dans la réserve 3 précédemment décrite.In order to allow the application of a treatment product, the dissection apparatus according to the invention further comprises a reserve 18 of treatment product. According to the simplest embodiment of the invention, the treatment product constitutes the working liquid and is stored in the reserve 3 previously described.
Le produit de traitement se présente de préférence sous une forme liquide ou suffisamment fluide pour être appliqué au moyen de l'appareil selon l'invention. Il peut s'agir d'un seul agent thérapeutique ou d'un mélange de plusieurs d'entre eux, sous une forme par exemple fluide et de préférence liquide, en solution ou suspension dans un solvant quelconque ou sous la forme d'une émulsion, d'une mousse ou d'un gel. Le prix de revient du produit de traitement étant généralement beaucoup plus élevé que celui d'un liquide de travail, l'appareil selon l'invention comporte de façon préférentielle au moins deux réserves séparées, l'une 3 pour le liquide de travail et l'autre 18 pour le produit de traitement.The treatment product is preferably in a liquid form or sufficiently fluid to be applied by means of the device according to the invention. It may be a single therapeutic agent or a mixture of several of them, in a form for example fluid and preferably liquid, in solution or suspension in any solvent or in the form of an emulsion , foam or gel. The cost price of the treatment product being generally much higher than that of a working liquid, the apparatus according to the invention preferably comprises at least two separate reserves, one 3 for the working liquid and the 'other 18 for the treatment product.
La réserve 18 de produit de traitement peut être également une poche en matière plastique placée dans la même enceinte de mise sous pression que la réserve de liquide de travail ou bien dans une autre enceinte analogue afin de pouvoir régler la pression du fluide de traitement indépendamment de celle du liquide de travail. Comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le produit de traitement est ensuite amené à la pièce à main 4 qu'il traverse. Il passe dans un conduit 19 similaire au conduit 9 emprunté par le liquide de travail et débouche sous la forme d'un jet de fluide 20 sous pression à travers un orifice d'extrémité 21 analogue à l'orifice d'extrémité 10. Le déclenchement et l'arrêt du jet de fluide de traitement sous pression sont commandés par le chirurgien réalisant l'intervention au moyen d'un organe de commande tel que par exemple un bouton-poussoir 22.The reserve 18 of treatment product can also be a plastic bag placed in the same pressurization enclosure as the reserve of working liquid or in another similar enclosure so as to be able to adjust the pressure of the treatment fluid independently of that of the working liquid. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the treatment product is then brought to the handpiece 4 through which it passes. It passes through a conduit 19 similar to the conduit 9 taken by the working liquid and emerges in the form of a jet of fluid 20 under pressure through an end orifice 21 similar to the end orifice 10. Triggering and stopping the jet of pressurized treatment fluid are controlled by the surgeon performing the intervention by means of a control member such as for example a push button 22.
L'appareil de dissection selon l'invention peut également ne comporter qu'un seul conduit 9 et un unique orifice d'extrémité 10 servant au liquide de travail comme au produit de traitement, comme représenté sur les figures 3 à 7.The dissection apparatus according to the invention may also comprise only a single duct 9 and a single end orifice 10 serving for the working liquid as for the treatment product, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7.
Comme représenté sur les figures 5 et 6, l'appareil de dissection peut alors comporter par exemple, en amont de ce conduit 9, un organe de commutation 23 permettant au chirurgien pratiquant l'intervention de déclencher au choix le tir à partir de l'orifice 10 d'un jet de liquide de travail ou d'un jet de produit de traitement. Sur les figures 5 et 6, un tir de liquide de travail, symbolisé par un trait épais noir, a été représenté. Cependant grâce à l'organe de commutation 23, le chirurgien peut de la même manière choisir d'effectuer un tir de produit de traitement. Cet organe de commutation peut être indifféremment situé en amont (figure 5) ou en aval (figure 6) du générateur 2 permettant la mise sous pression du ou des liquide (s).As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the dissection apparatus can then comprise, for example, upstream of this conduit 9, a switching member 23 allowing the surgeon performing the intervention to trigger, as desired, the shot from the orifice 10 of a jet of working liquid or of a jet of treatment product. In FIGS. 5 and 6, a shot of working liquid, symbolized by a thick black line, has been represented. However, thanks to the switching member 23, the surgeon can in the same way choose to carry out a shot of treatment product. This switching member can be located either upstream (Figure 5) or downstream (Figure 6) of the generator 2 allowing the pressurization of the liquid (s).
L'appareil peut également comporter, à la place de l'organe de commutation 23, un organe de mélange 24 permettant au chirurgien de réaliser au moment approprié un mélange de liquide de travail et de produit de traitement. L'organe de mélange 24 est réglé, de manière manuelle ou automatique, de façon à réaliser un mélange dont les proportions respectives des différents constituants ont été préalablement choisies. L'organe de mélange 24 est placé en amont de l'orifice 10 et du conduit 9 y aboutissant, à un niveau quelconque de l'appareillage selon l'invention pouvant être situé avant (figure 3) ou après (figure 4) la mise sous pression du ou des liquide (s) .The device may also include, in place of the switching member 23, a mixing member 24 allowing the surgeon to produce, at the appropriate time, a mixture of working liquid and treatment product. The mixing member 24 is adjusted, manually or automatically, so as to make a mixture whose respective proportions of the various constituents have been previously chosen. The mixing member 24 is placed upstream of the orifice 10 and of the conduit 9 leading to it, at any level of the apparatus according to the invention which can be located before (FIG. 3) or after (FIG. 4) the setting under pressure of the liquid (s).
Selon une autre variante illustrée en traits fins et en pointillés sur la figure 3, les réserves de liquide de travail 3 et de produit de traitement 18 peuvent être remplacées par une unique réserve 25 de liquide stérile pré-mélangé.According to another variant illustrated in thin lines and in dotted lines in FIG. 3, the reserves of working liquid 3 and of treatment product 18 can be replaced by a single reserve 25 of sterile premixed liquid.
Lorsque, selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel du dispositif selon l'invention, l'appareil permet d'envoyer un jet puisé de liquide sous pression, il peut comporter en outre un multiplexeur 26 permettant de combiner des impulsions de liquide de travail et de produit de traitement au sein du train discontinu d'impulsions constituant le jet puisé. Les paramètres des différentes impulsions, leur nature et leur succession peuvent être modifiés et programmés en fonction des besoins du chirurgien, du patient et du type d'intervention pratiquée, afin d'optimiser le résultat de l'intervention. Ce mode préféré de l'appareil selon l'invention a été représenté sur la figure 7.When, according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the apparatus makes it possible to send a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid, it may also comprise a multiplexer 26 making it possible to combine pulses of working liquid and of product processing within the discontinuous train of pulses constituting the pulsed jet. The parameters of the different pulses, their nature and their succession can be modified and programmed according to the needs of the surgeon, the patient and the type of intervention performed, in order to optimize the result of the intervention. This preferred mode of the apparatus according to the invention has been shown in FIG. 7.
L' invention ne se limite évidemment pas à un appareil ne pouvant injecter qu'un seul produit de traitement. Il est possible d'imaginer, conformément à l'invention, un appareil de dissection permettant l'application de divers produits de traitement de nature différente, alternativement, simultanément ou en mélange, au moyen de conduits et d'orifices indépendants, d'organes de commutation, d'organes de mélanges, d'un multiplexeur alternant au sein d'un même tir puisé de liquide sous pression des impulsions élémentaires de liquide de travail et/ou des différents produits de traitement, ou d'une combinaison de ces différents moyens. On peut par exemple envisager un appareil selon l'invention injectant d'abord un agent préparatoire à l'intervention, puis le liquide de travail afin de réaliser la dissection et simultanément ou juste après un deuxième produit de traitement ayant cette fois une action thérapeutique.The invention is obviously not limited to an apparatus which can inject only one treatment product. It is possible to imagine, in accordance with the invention, a dissection apparatus allowing the application of various treatment products of different nature, alternatively, simultaneously or in mixture, by means of independent conduits and orifices, organs switching, mixing components, a multiplexer alternating within a single shot drawn from liquid under pressure of the elementary pulses of working liquid and / or the different treatment products, or a combination of these different means. One can for example consider a device according to the invention first injecting an agent preparatory to the intervention, then the working liquid in order to carry out the dissection and simultaneously or just after a second treatment product this time having a therapeutic action.
L'appareil chirurgical selon l'invention est par exemple particulièrement approprié pour réaliser des interventions du type de la revascularisation transmyocardiale ou myocardique, consistant à creuser une pluralité de conduits de revascularisation dans une zone ischémiée de la paroi du myocarde.The surgical apparatus according to the invention is for example particularly suitable for performing interventions of the type of transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization, consisting in digging a plurality of revascularization conduits in an ischemic zone of the wall of the myocardium.
Le dispositif selon l'invention apporte une grande amélioration par rapport aux appareils connus de revascularisation, car il permet d'injecter un liquide thérapeutique, directement au niveau des conduits dans le myocarde et simultanément à leur réalisation. L'application du liquide traitant peut également être réalisée avant ou après la réalisation des perforations. L'agent traitant peut ainsi par exemple, mais non limitativement, être un agent préparant le muscle à la formation des conduits, favorisant le développement de nouveaux vaisseaux, limitant le rebouchage des perforations, évitant les complications post-opératoires, ou tout autre agent utile en cas d'intervention chirurgicale OU dans le traitement des maladies cardio-vasculaires .The device according to the invention provides a great improvement compared to known revascularization apparatuses, because it makes it possible to inject a therapeutic liquid, directly at the level of the conduits in the myocardium and simultaneously with their production. The application of the treating liquid can also be carried out before or after the perforations have been made. The treating agent can thus, for example, but not limited to, be an agent preparing the muscle for the formation of conduits, promoting the development of new vessels, limiting the filling of perforations, avoiding post-operative complications, or any other useful agent in case of surgery OR in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
De ce fait, il est possible de combiner à la revascularisation transmyocardiale ou myocardique les avantages d'un autre traitement par exemple celui par thérapie génique visant à développer la vascularisation des zones ischémiées du myocarde. Au cours de ce traitement, on injecte directement dans la région ischémiée du myocarde des millions de copies d'un gène favorisant la création de nouveaux vaisseaux appelé facteur de croissance vasculaire endothéliale (VEGF) . Ce gène peut également être injecté non pas directement mais en utilisant un virus affaibli comme vecteur de transport .Therefore, it is possible to combine with transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization the advantages of another treatment, for example that by gene therapy aimed at developing vascularization of ischemic areas of the myocardium. During this treatment, millions of copies of a gene that promotes the creation of new vessels called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are injected directly into the ischemic region of the myocardium. This gene can also be injected not directly but by using a weakened virus as a transport vector.
Avec le dispositif selon la présente invention, un liquide contenant les copies de ce gène, le virus ou tout autre vecteur de celui-ci, peut être appliqué au moment de la réalisation des perforations ou tout de suite après. Cette application peut déclencher, accélérer ou accroître l' angiogenèse que l'on cherche à générer par l'intervention de revascularisation transmyocardiale ou myocardique.With the device according to the present invention, a liquid containing the copies of this gene, the virus or any other vector thereof, can be applied when the perforations are made or immediately after. This application can trigger, accelerate or increase the angiogenesis that one seeks to generate by the intervention of transmyocardial or myocardial revascularization.
Toute autre substance angiogénique peut également être appliquée de la même façon. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'autres facteurs de croissance, comme les facteurs de croissance des fibroblastes (FGF) et les facteurs de croissance endothéliale mitogène, ou bien par exemple d' œstrogènes tels que l'œstradiol, l'œstriol ou le 17-β-œstradiol .Any other angiogenic substance can also be applied in the same way. It may be, for example, other growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factors (FGF) and mitogenic endothelial growth factors, or else, for example, estrogens such as estradiol, estriol or 17-β-estradiol.
On peut aussi imaginer faire appel à une thérapie cellulaire en injectant des éléments cellulaires matures ou précurseurs du type myoblastes ou myocytes avec l'objectif de se substituer à la myoplastie chirurgicale à thorax ouvert plus invasive et délabrante. Un autre exemple d'application de l'appareil selon l'invention est le traitement des obstructions vasculaires telles que les thromboses.One can also imagine calling on cell therapy by injecting mature cellular elements or precursors of the myoblast or myocyte type with the objective of replacing the more invasive and dilapidated open chest thoracic myoplasty. Another example of application of the apparatus according to the invention is the treatment of vascular obstructions such as thromboses.
L'application en recanalisation des artères obstruées par un thrombus s'effectuera à l'aide de l'appareil selon l'invention dans sa version cathéter qui pourra par exemple projeter à titre préparatoire un agent thrombolytique de grande efficacité du type streptokinase ou urokinase. Le travail de fragmentation ou de désintégration du thrombus pourra s'effectuer à l'aide du même agent liquide sous pression combinant son action biochimique à celle de la force de pression du jet. Un autre agent thrombolytique à dissipation lente pourra être projeté ou diffusé sur le site après l'évacuation du thrombus par le système d'aspiration de l'appareillage, pour neutraliser la tendance habituelle bien connue à la formation d'un nouveau thrombus. L'appareil selon l'invention dans sa version cathéter permet d'envisager le nettoyage et le surfaçage de la paroi des artères en vue du recalibrage des vaisseaux. La première phase consiste à nettoyer par l'effet mécanique de la pression et par l'effet d'un agent favorisant le décollement des dépôts et des plaques d'atherome. La chair à vif peut ensuite être lissée et surfacée par le dépôt d'un agent favorisant l' endothélialisation de la paroi abrasée qui devient temporairement très thro bogène . Là encore, il peut s'agir d'une thérapie cellulaire directe avec injection de cellules endothéliales autologues ou allogéniques provenant de cultures ou d' éléments catalyseurs de la formation de nouvelles cellules autologues.The application in recanalization of the arteries obstructed by a thrombus will be carried out using the apparatus according to the invention in its catheter version which can for example project as a preparative a thrombolytic agent of high efficiency of the streptokinase or urokinase type. The work of fragmentation or disintegration of the thrombus can be carried out using the same liquid agent under pressure combining its biochemical action with that of the pressure force of the jet. Another dissipating thrombolytic agent slow may be projected or diffused on the site after the evacuation of the thrombus by the suction system of the apparatus, to neutralize the usual well-known tendency to the formation of a new thrombus. The apparatus according to the invention in its catheter version makes it possible to envisage cleaning and surfacing of the wall of the arteries with a view to recalibrating the vessels. The first phase consists of cleaning by the mechanical effect of pressure and by the effect of an agent promoting the detachment of deposits and atheroma plaques. The raw flesh can then be smoothed and surfaced by the deposition of an agent promoting the endothelialization of the abraded wall which temporarily becomes very thro bogenic. Again, this may be direct cell therapy with injection of autologous or allogenic endothelial cells from cultures or catalysts for the formation of new autologous cells.
L'appareil selon l'invention, du fait de son travail de dissection d'intensité réglable, est également particulièrement avantageux pour les interventions sur les tissus mous tels que par exemple ceux du foie. Il peut avantageusement être utilisé pour réaliser des résections hépatiques, par exemple des greffes partielles ou totales, permettant en plus l'application simultanée de substances anti-rejet.The apparatus according to the invention, because of its dissection work of adjustable intensity, is also particularly advantageous for interventions on soft tissues such as for example those of the liver. It can advantageously be used to carry out hepatic resections, for example partial or total grafts, allowing in addition the simultaneous application of anti-rejection substances.
L' intervention sur un foie cancéreux permettra de le débarrasser de toutes ses tumeurs cancéreuses par l'action combinée d'un agent cytolytique et de la haute pression du liquide de travail. On pourra projeter sur le site un agent de préparation. On réalisera ensuite à l'aide du jet haute pression le travail chirurgical qui consiste essentiellement à débarrasser par nettoyage le foie de ses tumeurs. Le travail de découpe et de raclage par l'effet mécanique du jet haute pression conformé en nappe permet un nettoyage efficace pratiquement exempt de saignements en raison de l'effet peu incisif du jet et du caractère mou des tissus. Les artérioles et les veines, ainsi que les éléments biliaires sont tous préservés . L'agent cytolytique projeté localement aide à la désincrustation des tumeurs et à leur dissociation des tissus sains. De plus, la projection d'un agent de chimiothérapie peut éviter la prise de médicaments fatigant l'organisme dans la phase post-opératoire immédiate.Intervention on a cancerous liver will rid it of all its cancerous tumors by the combined action of a cytolytic agent and the high pressure of the working fluid. A preparation agent can be projected onto the site. Then, using the high pressure jet, the surgical work, which essentially consists of cleaning the liver of its tumors, will be carried out. The cutting and scraping work by the mechanical effect of the high-pressure jet shaped as a sheet allows an effective cleaning practically free bleeding due to the incisive effect of the jet and the softness of the tissue. The arterioles and veins, as well as the bile elements are all preserved. The locally projected cytolytic agent aids in the scaling of tumors and their dissociation from healthy tissue. In addition, the projection of a chemotherapy agent can avoid taking tires tiring the body in the immediate post-operative phase.
En fin d'intervention, sous l'effet combiné de l'action mécanique du dissecteur et des effets complémentaires et variés des agents injectés, il persistera une cavité interne au sein du parenchyme hépatique dont la réhabitation spontanée pourra être accélérée par l'injection d'une émulsion, d'une mousse ou d'un gel associant un effet de comblement et, en fonction de leur composition, des adjuvants cicatrisants . Par analogie à la revascularisation myocardique, des perforations multiples séquentielles selon un protocole précis ou aléatoire, à travers le parenchyme sclérosé et les nodules de régénération caractéristiques de la cirrhose pourraient contribuer à une stabilisation de l'involution sclérogène, voire à susciter la régénération d'éléments sains, surtout en y associant l'injection de facteurs hépatotrophiques .At the end of the intervention, under the combined effect of the mechanical action of the dissector and the complementary and varied effects of the injected agents, an internal cavity will persist within the hepatic parenchyma whose spontaneous re-habitation may be accelerated by the injection of '' an emulsion, foam or gel combining a filling effect and, depending on their composition, healing adjuvants. By analogy to myocardial revascularization, multiple sequential perforations according to a precise or random protocol, through the sclerotic parenchyma and regeneration nodules characteristic of cirrhosis could contribute to stabilizing the sclerogenic involution, or even to stimulate the regeneration of healthy elements, especially by combining the injection of hepatotrophic factors.
Bien d'autres applications médicales ou chirurgicales pourraient être décrites sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Many other medical or surgical applications could be described without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical (1) dont le fluide de travail est un liquide biocompatible sous pression caractérisé en ce qu'il permet de projeter sous pression, au cours de l'intervention, au moins un produit de traitement, mélangé ou non avec le liquide de travail, améliorant ainsi sa pénétration et sa diffusion dans ,les tissus, pour réaliser sur le corps d'un être vivant en une seule intervention et avec le même appareil (1) un acte opératoire et un acte thérapeutique.1. Surgical or medical working device (1), the working fluid of which is a biocompatible liquid under pressure, characterized in that it makes it possible to spray under pressure, during the intervention, at least one treatment product, mixed or not with the working liquid, thus improving its penetration and its diffusion in, the tissues, in order to carry out on the body of a living being in a single intervention and with the same apparatus (1) an operative act and a therapeutic act.
2. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement est un liquide.2. Surgical or medical work device according to claim 1 characterized in that at least one of the treatment products is a liquid.
3. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement est une émulsion.3. Surgical or medical work device according to claim 1 characterized in that at least one of the treatment products is an emulsion.
4. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement' est une mousse ou un gel. 4. Surgical or medical work device according to claim 1 characterized in that at least one of the treatment products is a foam or a gel.
5. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement est un agent préparatoire au travail chirurgical . 5. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that at least one of the treatment products is a preparatory agent for surgical work.
6. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement est un agent de finition du travail chirurgical . 6. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that at least one of the treatment products is a finishing agent for surgical work.
7. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des produits de traitement est un agent thérapeutique utile dans le traitement du problème ou de la maladie du patient.7. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that at least one of the products of treatment is a therapeutic agent useful in the treatment of the patient's problem or illness.
8. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical par l'intermédiaire d'un liquide sous pression, présentant une réserve (3) de liquide de travail, des moyens de mise en pression (2) et des moyens de sortie (9, 10) d'un jet (11) sous pression, continu ou puisé, de liquide de travail, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre au moins une réserve (18) de produit de traitement reliée à une pièce à main (4) se terminant par une extrémité active (7) comportant des moyens de sortie (9, 10, 19, 21) d'un jet (20) sous pression, continu ou puisé, d'au moins un produit de traitement.8. Surgical or medical working apparatus by means of a pressurized liquid, having a reserve (3) of working liquid, pressurizing means (2) and outlet means (9, 10) d '' a jet (11) under pressure, continuous or pulsed, of working liquid, characterized in that it further comprises at least one reserve (18) of treatment product connected to a handpiece (4) ending in an active end (7) comprising means (9, 10, 19, 21) for outputting a jet (20) under pressure, continuous or pulsed, of at least one treatment product.
9. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce qu'une unique réserve (3 ou 25) sert à la fois de réserve pour le liquide de travail et pour l'un au moins des produits de traitement.9. Surgical or medical work device according to the preceding claim characterized in that a single reserve (3 or 25) serves both as a reserve for the working liquid and for at least one of the treatment products.
10. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication 8 ou 9 caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des moyens de mise en pression (2) est une enceinte remplie par un gaz neutre à une pression comprise entre 0,3 et 200 bars et chauffée à une température voisine ou légèrement supérieure à 37°C dans laquelle est enfermée au moins une poche en matière plastique servant de réserve (3, 18) au liquide de travail ou à l'un au- moins des produits de traitement .10. Surgical or medical work device according to claim 8 or 9 characterized in that at least one of the pressurizing means (2) is an enclosure filled with a neutral gas at a pressure between 0.3 and 200 bars and heated to a temperature close to or slightly above 37 ° C. in which at least one plastic bag is enclosed serving as a reserve (3, 18) for the working liquid or at least one of the treatment products .
11. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à11. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to
10 caractérisé en ce que son extrémité active (7) comprend un flexible (16) pouvant être introduit et guidé dans un cathéter glissé jusqu'au site de 1' intervention. 10 characterized in that its active end (7) comprises a hose (16) which can be introduced and guided in a catheter slid to the site of one intervention.
12. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à12. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to
11 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de sortie d'au moins l'un des produits de traitement sor-t les mêmes que ceux (9, 10) du jet de liquide travail.11 characterized in that the means for exiting the at least one of the treatment products is the same as those (9, 10) of the working liquid jet.
13. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre un organe de mélange (24) entre le liquide de travail et au moins un produit de traitement.13. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to 12 characterized in that it further comprises a mixing member (24) between the working liquid and at least one treatment product.
14. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre un organe de commutation (23) permettant alternativement l'émission d'un jet de liquide de travail ou d'au moins un produit de traitement.14. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to 12 characterized in that it further comprises a switching member (23) alternately allowing the emission of a jet of working liquid or at least one treatment product.
15. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à15. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to
12 caractérisé en ce qu'il délivre un jet puisé de liquide sous pression et en ce qu' il comporte en outre un multiplexeur (26) permettant de combiner des impulsions de liquide de travail et d'au moins l'un des produits de traitement au sein du train discontinu d'impulsions constitutives du jet puisé.12 characterized in that it delivers a pulsed jet of pressurized liquid and in that it further comprises a multiplexer (26) making it possible to combine pulses of working liquid and at least one of the treatment products within the discontinuous train of pulses constituting the pulsed jet.
16. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à16. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to
15 caractérisé en ce qu' il comporte en outre un système d'aspiration (12) relié à une source de vide (13).15 characterized in that it further comprises a suction system (12) connected to a source of vacuum (13).
17. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à17. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of claims 8 to
16 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre au moins un moyen de commande (6, 22) permettant à la personne réalisant l'intervention de déclencher, de stopper et/ou de modifier les paramètres du jet de liquide de travail et du au moins un produit de traitement.16 characterized in that it further comprises at least one control means (6, 22) allowing the person carrying out the intervention to trigger, stop and / or modify the parameters of the jet of working liquid and from to minus a treatment product.
18. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la pression du ou des liquide (s) est comprise entre 0,3 et 100 bars. 18. Surgical or medical work device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure of the liquid (s) is between 0.3 and 100 bars.
19. Appareil de travail chirurgical ou médical selon la revendication 18 caractérisé en ce que la pression du ou des liquide (s) est d'environ 30 bars pour des applications de dissection. 19. Surgical or medical work device according to claim 18 characterized in that the pressure of the liquid (s) is approximately 30 bars for dissection applications.
EP00912724A 1999-03-22 2000-03-22 Apparatus for dissection with pressurised liquid and injection by pressurised jet of a treating product Withdrawn EP1164946A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19912844A DE19912844A1 (en) 1999-03-22 1999-03-22 Use of a cutting device, which uses a fluid as cutting medium, for surgical treatment
DE19912844 1999-03-22
PCT/FR2000/000715 WO2000056232A1 (en) 1999-03-22 2000-03-22 Apparatus for dissection with pressurised liquid and injection by pressurised jet of a treating product

Publications (1)

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EP1164946A1 true EP1164946A1 (en) 2002-01-02

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EP (1) EP1164946A1 (en)
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AU (1) AU3438100A (en)
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WO (1) WO2000056232A1 (en)

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WO2000056232A1 (en) 2000-09-28
US6423027B1 (en) 2002-07-23
AU3438100A (en) 2000-10-09
JP2002538929A (en) 2002-11-19
DE19912844A1 (en) 2000-09-28

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