EP1160527A1 - Multi-stage bath condensor - Google Patents

Abstract

A bath condenser comprising a condenser block having vaporization passages for a liquid and liquefaction passages for a heating medium; and two vertically arranged circulating sections (7). A bath condenser comprises a condenser block having vaporization passages for a liquid and liquefaction passages for a heating medium; and two vertically arranged circulating sections (7). The vaporization passages each have an inlet opening for a liquid on the lower end of a circulating section and an outlet opening at the upper end of a circulating section. Each circulating section has a liquid storage container in flow connection with the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the circulating section and has a gas drain (18). The inlet into the gas drain is next to the condenser block which is arranged through the side of the circulating section.

Description

The invention relates to a bath condenser with a condenser block, the Evaporation passages for a liquid and liquefaction passages for a Has heating medium and at least two vertically arranged one above the other Has circulation sections, the evaporation passages at the bottom End of a circulation section at least one inlet opening for the liquid and at least one outlet opening each at the upper end of a circulation section have, wherein a liquid reservoir is provided for each circulation section is in fluid communication with the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the Circulation section stands and has a gas discharge.

In a cryogenic air separation plant with one pressure column and one Low pressure column is opposed to liquid oxygen from the low pressure column gaseous nitrogen from the pressure column in indirect heat exchange in one Heat exchanger evaporates, the nitrogen condensing.

The heat exchanger is essentially in two different basic forms realized. In a falling film evaporator, the liquid to be evaporated is over a Distribution system, which also forms a gas seal, in the top Evaporation passages initiated. The liquid runs over the liquid film Heating surface down, partially evaporating. The resulting gas and the Undevaporated residual liquid emerges from the bottom of the falling film evaporator. The Liquid collects in the collecting space under the condenser, while the gas portion is being forwarded.

In the case of a bath condenser, however, the condenser block is located in the Liquid bath from which liquid is to be evaporated. The liquid emerges from below in the evaporation passages of the condenser block and becomes partial evaporates against the heating medium flowing through the liquefaction passages. The Density of the medium evaporating in the evaporation passages is less than the density of the surrounding liquid bath, which creates a siphon effect, so that liquid from the liquid bath into the evaporation passages flows. The greater the immersion depth of the capacitor block in the Is liquid bath, the higher the mean hydrostatic pressure in the Evaporation passages and the worse the liquid evaporates because the The boiling point of the liquid increases according to the vapor pressure curve.

The efficiency of a bath condenser can therefore be subdivided by Capacitor blocks into several superimposed sections, in the following Orbital sections are increased. The advantage of such an arrangement is in the fact that the immersion depth is smaller for several circulation sections than for a single high capacitor block. The hydrostatic pressure in the Evaporation passages are reduced and the liquid can evaporate more easily.

A combined falling-film bath condenser is known from US Pat. No. 5,779,129 known. In the upper area it becomes more liquid like a falling film evaporator Oxygen flowing down partially evaporates. Below is one Bath condenser, which is divided into two circulation sections. The top of the two Circular sections are surrounded by a kind of gallery over their entire circumference, which serves as a liquid reservoir for this circulation section. The walls of the Galleries are slightly wider than the upper edge of the corresponding circulation section pulled up so that at the top end from the circulation section escaping gas does not leave the gallery immediately, but first in the upward direction open gallery rises. During this phase, liquid is released from the gas is carried away, partially separated and collects in the liquid bath Floor of the gallery. The gallery shown with separation area is only feasible, if there is no further circulation section above the circulation section. Otherwise, the entry openings of the above are arranged by the gallery Circulation section covered.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a multi-storey bath condenser develop with as little liquid as possible with the withdrawn gas gets carried away.

This object is achieved by a bath condenser of the type mentioned at the outset, where the inlet to the gas discharge is not in a half-open volume next to the capacitor block, which is through the side of the Circulation section, in which the outlet opening of the circulation section is arranged, and aligned perpendicular to the page, each containing a page edge Half-planes is limited.

With the term "circulation section" is a section of the capacitor block referred to in which the function of a bath condenser or circulation evaporator is realized.

According to the invention, the bath condenser consists of at least two one above the other arranged circulation sections, each from its own Liquid storage container can be fed with liquid. Through the vertical Subdivision of the bath condenser, the liquid level in the Liquid storage container of the respective circulation sections opposite the Liquid level clearly with a single continuous condenser block be reduced.

The liquid passes over at the lower end of a circulation section Entry openings into the evaporation passages, flows upwards, evaporates partially and leaves the passages at the top of the circulation section suitable outlet openings. The liquid portion in that from the passages escaping liquid-gas mixture flows on the one hand back to the Entry openings of this circulation section, on the other hand, depending on Liquid level in the liquid reservoir of the circulation section to the Inlet openings of the underlying circulation section to turn over there the evaporation passages to be knocked over.

According to the invention, the inlet into the gas discharge line and the Outlets from the circulation section spatially separated so that that from the Circulating section leaking liquid-gas mixture not directly into the gas discharge is led, but must first pass through a separation area. The In its simplest version, the separating area can be a partially shielded one Be volume or be provided with elements that are multiple Force redirection of the gas flow.

According to the invention, the inlet into the gas discharge line should not be in the open Half volume in front of the side of the circulation section, in which the outlet opening located, be arranged. The half volume is limited by the side with the Outlet openings and, as a rule, through two vertical and two horizontal Half-planes, each containing an edge of the peripheral section. With others Words: The inlet into the gas discharge must not be in the "shadow" of the Circulation section in front of the side with the outlet openings.

This will result in a direct outflow of the liquid-gas mixture from the Circulation section avoided in the gas discharge. The liquid-gas mixture will deflected before entering the gas discharge line, causing the gas velocity and thus reducing the amount of entrained liquid with the vaporized gas become. Before the gas enters the gas discharge line, it becomes effective Separation of the liquid entrained with the gas stream achieved. The Liquid level in the liquid reservoir remains so high that a proper operation of the circulation section is guaranteed. A sufficient high fluid level is particularly important to a total evaporation of the Exclude liquid in the evaporation passages leading to a relocation of the Evaporation passages could lead through high-boiling components.

The risk of liquid being carried away can advantageously be reduced by that the inlet into the gas line is above the outlet of the Evaporation passages of the corresponding circulation section is located. That in that Circulated section of vaporized gas must go up before entering the gas line be redirected and climb a certain distance. The volume between the Outlet opening from the circulation section and the inlet into the gas line serves as additional separation room, in which liquid entrained with the gas separates the gas stream.

The liquid storage container is preferably angled upwards trending floor realized with the lower end of the circulation section is connected and delimited by suitable side walls, so that a wedge-shaped Volume is formed. The sloping floor extends up to the upper end of the circulation section and has above the Circulation section an outlet to a gas discharge. The volume above the Circulation section serves as a separation room.

Instead of the sloping bottom, it is particularly advantageous on the lower edge of the To attach a sheet of circular sections, which is bent in a step-like manner. The Sheet initially runs from the lower end of the circulation section horizontally, then vertically upwards, then horizontally again and finally perpendicular. Two sheets folded in this way form a first directly on one Circulation section adjacent pocket, which represents the liquid reservoir. The sheets are preferably folded such that the vertical section of the Sheet, which represents a limitation of the liquid reservoir, to extends to the level of the outlet openings from the circulation section.

The space between the second "steps" of the folded sheets forms an additional pocket offset upwards against the liquid storage container, which serves as a separation room and with a Liquid reservoir is connected.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the inlet is located in the Gas discharge is not on the side of the condenser block, which is the exit openings has the evaporation passages. There is a possibility of admission to the Gas discharge in the area in front of the side opposite the gas outlet side or preferably in the area in front of a side adjacent to the gas outlet side to provide. The liquid-gas mixture is also used in these arrangements before it enters the gas outlet, redirected, which makes the liquid easier to gas is separated.

The gas inlet is particularly preferably against the side as well as upwards Outlet openings arranged offset.

Preferably, at most two sides of the capacitor block with inlet and / or provide outlet openings. In this case, the inlet is in the gas drain advantageously arranged above the circulation section. The areas in front of the two Other vertical sides of the condenser block can then be removed from piping and other components are kept free, so that the bath condenser relative can be built compactly.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, there are two opposite sides of the condenser block each have inlet and outlet openings to the evaporation passages. In this case, it is particularly favorable if the Capacitor block mirror-symmetrical to the midplane between these two sides is constructed.

A more compact version of the bath condenser can be achieved in that all inlet and outlet openings are on the same side of the heat exchanger are located. Lines for connecting the inlet and outlet openings with each other and Liquid reservoirs are only on an outside of the condenser block necessary.

For technical reasons, it can also be advantageous if the inlet openings ih the evaporation passages of a circulation section and the Outlet openings from the evaporation passages of the arranged below Circulation section are located on opposite sides of the capacitor block. In the condenser block, the connections of the inlet opening and the Outlet opening with the respective evaporation passages through oblique Fins realized, a section of the capacitor block can be diagonally into the Transition zone from the entrance opening to the evaporation passages of the upper one Circulation section and in the transition zone from the passages to the outlet opening of the lower circulation section. The height of the capacitor block can be reduced in this way.

If the gas discharge inlet is above the recirculating section, it is of advantage if the side of the circulation section in which the input and / or Exit openings are, is provided with a collector, the one Has liquid supply and gas discharge. A circulation section has in the Rule rectangular side walls. The collector at least covers the inputs and Exit openings of the side wall of the circulation section, but preferably the entire side wall of the circulation section. Through the walls of the collector and the Side wall of the circulation section is thus a shielded from the environment, except for the inlets and outlets provided for this, gas and liquid-tight Volume formed.

The bath condenser is in this variant laterally through the side walls of the Capacitor block or on the sides on which there are inputs and / or Outlet openings are limited by the outer walls of the collector. It is not separate container around the bath condenser is necessary, making the condenser becomes extremely compact. As a result, the material for the container wall is saved and the total length of the weld seams required for production is significantly reduced, which simplifies production. In addition, less for collectors Wall thicknesses are chosen as for the otherwise necessary container wall, since the Diameters of the collectors do not have to be made as large as that of one Container around the condenser block. This brings significant cost savings.

It has been in the arrangement of the inlet in the gas discharge in each case above the Circular section turned out to be particularly advantageous, the pages of several Circulation sections, in particular the entire side of the capacitor block, in the there are inlet and / or outlet openings to cover with a collector who is provided with a liquid supply line and gas discharge line. In this collector a suitable liquid storage container is provided for each circulation section.

The capacitor block preferably has a rectangular cross section and is in introduced a round container. The round container contains the Liquid storage container and the lines for carrying liquid from one Circulation section to the neighboring circulation section and the necessary Gas discharges. The gas discharge or the inlet into the gas discharge and the Liquid lines are preferably around in the ring area between the Capacitor block and the container wall in front of one side of the capacitor block arranged which is adjacent to the block side with the outlet opening. That the Circulating section leaving liquid-gas mixture must along the annulus to be directed around the condenser block, removing liquid from the mixture separates.

Preferably, the collector or container is on the border of two Circulating sections each divided into floors, with two adjacent floors above a liquid and a gas line are connected to one another on the flow side. The spread over the height of several circulation sections, preferably over the entire The height of the condenser block extending collector or container is corresponding the circulation sections divided into floors. The delimitation of the floors against each other is preferably done by flat sheets or cranked floors. In particular, it is beneficial if the delimitation of the individual floors against each other except for gas and is liquid-tight, so that the volume of a floor as Liquid storage container can serve for the adjacent circulation section.

The liquid transport from one floor to the floor below is from Advantage ensured via an overflow pipe. The floor of a floor is one Overflow pipe penetrated, the opening of which is above the bottom. The one from the Circulation section flowing into this floor collects at the bottom of the Floor and only flows to the floor below when the The liquid level has reached the height of the opening of the overflow pipe. At Lower liquid level, the liquid is only in the upper of the two floors knocked over.

It has also proven convenient to have the gas inlet of the gas line on the Provide outlet opening on the side facing away from the evaporation passages. The end the gas exiting the outlet opening is then redirected again on the floor, before it enters the gas line, which makes the liquid easier to gas flow is separated.

The liquid or gas pipes that connect two floors or Deriving gas from a floor preferably runs within the collector or inside the container. Both liquid and liquid are particularly preferred the gas pipe is housed inside the collector. The bath condenser stays that way extremely compact.

A gas line is preferably provided which extends through all floors and in each floor has a gas inlet.

The bath condenser according to the invention can be used in particular as a main condenser a low-temperature air separation plant can be used advantageously.

Figur 1

einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Badkondensator entlang der Linie B - B in Figur 2,

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch denselben Badkondensator entlang der Linie A - A in Figur 1,

Figur 3

einen Schnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figuren 4 bis 7

verschiedene Schnitte durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Badkondensator mit rundem Behälter,

Figuren 8 bis 11

eine alternative Ausführungsform des Badkondensators mit rundem Behälter und

Figuren 12 bis 14

eine weitere Abwandlung des erfindungsgemäßen Badkondensators mit rundem Behälter.

The invention and further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Here show:

Figure 1

3 shows a section through a bath condenser according to the invention along the line BB in FIG. 2,

Figure 2

2 shows a section through the same bath condenser along the line AA in FIG. 1,

Figure 3

3 shows a section through a further embodiment of the invention,

Figures 4 to 7

different sections through a bath condenser according to the invention with a round container,

Figures 8 to 11

an alternative embodiment of the bath condenser with a round container and

Figures 12 to 14

a further modification of the bath condenser according to the invention with a round container.

Figures 1 and 2 show two sections through an inventive Bath condenser, which acts as the main condenser of a double column Air separation plant is used. The main capacitor can either be in the Low pressure column of the double column can be arranged or, preferably, outside the Double column stand. Figure 1 shows a section along the line B - B in Figure 2 and Figure 2 shows a section along the line A - A of Figure 1. The bath condenser consists of a capacitor block 1, which has a large number of parallel ones Heat exchange passages 2, 8 includes, in which gaseous nitrogen in the Heat exchange with liquid oxygen is condensed, the oxygen evaporates.

The nitrogen passages 2 extend over the entire height of the Condenser blocks 1. Gaseous nitrogen is 4 through a feed line Nitrogen passages 2 supplied and as a liquid at the bottom of block 1 over Line 5 removed. The distribution of the gaseous nitrogen on the Nitrogen passages 2 take place via one connected to the condenser block 1 Collector / distributor 6. The one from the heat exchange passages of the condenser block 1 emerging liquid nitrogen is in an analogous manner in the discharge line 5 merged.

In contrast to the nitrogen passages 2, the oxygen passages 8 extend not over the entire length of the capacitor block 1, but are in 5 Circulating sections 7a to 7e divided. Each circulation section 7a-e is perpendicular to the extending center plane of the capacitor block 1 constructed mirror-symmetrically. Each of these two symmetrical halves consists of heat exchange passages 8, to the horizontal at the top and bottom of a circulation section 7 Connect running passages 9, 10 for the supply and discharge of liquid and gas in the oxygen passages 8 serve. The entry and exit passages 9, 10 of the two symmetrical halves of a revolving section 7 each end on the same Side of the capacitor block 1.

The circulation sections 7a to 7e are all constructed identically. The capacitor block 1 thus has two sides each closed by an end plate 11 and two opposite sides 12, in each of which for each circulation section 7a-e an inlet opening 9 for liquid oxygen and an outlet opening 10 for partially evaporated oxygen.

With the two sides 12 provided with inlet and outlet openings 9, 10 Capacitor blocks 1 are connected to half-cylinder shells 13, which cover the entire Cover side surfaces 12. The half-cylinder shells 13 close with the vertical ones Edges of the parallelepiped capacitor block 1. The two open up opposite sides of the capacitor block 1, through which Side walls 12 and the semicylinder shells 13 are limited spaces 14 above Course of the height of the capacitor block 1 is not connected. The only Connection between the two rooms 14 is above the capacitor block 1, because the half-cylinder shells 13 are higher than the capacitor block 1 and in the Area above the capacitor block 1 are interconnected. The Bath capacitor thus consists of a capacitor block 1, to which the both sides 12 connect two half-cylinder shells 13 and from one Capacitor block 1 and the two half-cylinder shells 13 spanning the head part 21a.

The spaces 14 delimited by the semi-cylindrical shells 13 are by plates 16 in several floors 15 a to 15 e divided. The sheets 16 extend from the border between two circulation sections 7 to that on this side of the capacitor block 1 arranged half-cylinder shell 13. In the sheets 16 are Drain openings 17 through which liquid oxygen from one floor, e.g. 15b, in the floor below, e.g. 15c, can drain off. Furthermore, the sheets 16 Gas shafts 18 connected by a sheet 16 to just below the one above lying sheet 16 are sufficient.

The gas shafts 18 are arranged in a line and practically form one common gas manifold, but between the top of each Gasschachts 18 and the overlying plate 16, a gap 19 remains, the Allows gas to enter the gas manifold from the respective floor 15. The Sheets 16 run at least partially rising upwards, so that the annular gap 19 lies above the outlet openings 10 of the respective floor 15.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the sheets 16 are folded twice at right angles, so that between two sheets 16 a floor 15 is formed, which consists of two together connected rooms 20, 21. The room 20c is at the level of the associated circulation section 7c and serves as a liquid reservoir. The second space 21c, on the other hand, is almost at the same height as the next higher one Circulation section 7b and forms a kind to the liquid reservoir 20c laterally and additional pocket at the top.

During operation of the bath condenser, liquid oxygen is fed into the two via line 22 top floors 15a initiated. The oxygen initially collects in the Storage container 20a, enters the oxygen passages 8 via the entry passages 9, is partially evaporated in indirect heat exchange with nitrogen and leaves the Condenser block 1 as a liquid-gas mixture via the outlet passages 10 to collect again in the storage container 20a. If the liquid level in the Storage container rises to the height of the outlet channels 10, liquid oxygen can via the connecting gap into the second space 21a, which serves as a separation space, flow.

The separating space 21a has drain openings 17 in its bottom through which Excess liquid oxygen from floor 15a to the floor below 15b can flow. The drain openings 17 of two adjacent floors 15 are there staggered so that, for example, from the floor 15b dripping oxygen does not flow directly to the floor 15 d, but instead initially remains on floor 15c.

The drain openings 17 are preferably arranged at least as high as that Exit openings 10 of the associated floor 15 are located. It has turned out to be proved to be advantageous, the individual circulation sections 7 of the bath condenser immerse at least as far in the liquid bath that the liquid level in the Storage container 20 at least just below the lower edge of the outlet openings 10 lies. This results in total evaporation in the evaporation passages 8 excluded and a relocation of the passages 8 by high-boiling Components prevented.

The oxygen flowing into floor 15b collects again in the storage container 20b, is overturned in the circulation section 7b and partially evaporated. Excess Liquid in the storage container 20b then runs through the drain opening 17 into the floor 15c. The oxygen gas generated in the evaporation in the circulation section 7 flows with the liquid oxygen from the outlet openings 10 and is over the Gas shaft 18 derived. These processes are repeated on each floor 15.

Due to the laterally and upwardly offset arrangement of the separating space 21 and the ring-shaped gas inlet 19 in the gas shaft 18 becomes the oxygen gas deflected several times before it is discharged from a floor 15. With these The flow velocity of the gaseous oxygen is thus redirected greatly reduced so that it carries no or hardly any liquid oxygen with it. In the separating space 21 therefore achieves a very good liquid-gas separation. The oxygen gas rising through the gas shafts 18 is at the upper end of the Bath condenser over a not to be seen in the drawings Oxygen withdrawal line discharged.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the bath condenser according to the invention, in which the oxygen passages 8 only on one side of the capacitor block 1 and have outlet openings 9, 10. The nitrogen passages, not shown correspond to the passages 2 in Figure 2 and also extend over the total height of the capacitor block. Serving as a heat transfer medium, too condensing nitrogen gas is via a collector / distributor 6 in the Nitrogen passages distributed and at the bottom of the condenser block 1 in one Collector 5 merged and withdrawn as a liquid.

On the oxygen side, the capacitor block 1 is divided into five circulation sections 7a-e, which in each case one entry and one exit area 9, 10 with horizontally running Slats and the actual heat exchange area 8 with vertical channels have. All inlet openings 9 and the outlet openings 10 lie on the same Side of the capacitor block 1.

On the open side 12 of the capacitor block 1 are also Liquid storage container 20 and separation spaces 21 are provided. The Liquid drainage between floors 15 takes place via overflow pipes 30 The upper edge of the overflow pipes 30 is level with the upper edge of the associated circulation section 7. This has the consequence that the oxygen passages 8 and the corresponding entry and exit passages 9, 10 are always completely in the Liquid bath. The evaporation passages 8 are always liquid filled, causing a passage of the passages 8 by high-boiling components becomes absolutely impossible. Studies have shown that a Liquid level just below the outlet openings 9 such a laying the passages 8 reliably prevented.

In the figures 4 to 7, a multi-storey bath condenser is shown, which as Main condenser of a rectification column used in an air separation plant becomes. In the bath condenser, gaseous nitrogen is released from the top of the pressure column and liquid oxygen from the bottom of the low pressure column in indirect Heat exchange is brought about, whereby the nitrogen condenses and the oxygen be evaporated.

The bath condenser has a cuboid condenser block 1, which is one round container 50 is surrounded. Gaseous nitrogen is fed in at the head of the bath condenser via a feed line 4. A collector / distributor 6 distributed the nitrogen gas evenly on the liquefaction passages 2, which are spread over the extend the entire height of the capacitor block 1. At the bottom of the Condenser block 1, the condensed nitrogen is withdrawn via line 5.

The liquid oxygen to be evaporated is fed to the bath condenser via line 22 fed. The oxygen passages 8 are divided into several circulation sections 7, in which each have a partial evaporation of oxygen. Excess liquid Oxygen is transferred to the next lower circulation section via overflow pipes 30 passed, the resulting oxygen gas by means of a gas collection tube 18th deducted. Structure and operation of the capacitor block 1 correspond so far exactly the capacitor block explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2.

Instead of the half-cylinder shells 13, a container is 50 μm in this embodiment the capacitor block 1 is provided. The container 50 is at the interface between two circulation sections 7 divided by flat sheets 51 in floors 15. The middle floors 15b - e each form an annular space around the associated one Circulation section 7b - e Only the top floor 15a and the bottom floor 15f can have a somewhat greater height than the respective circulation section 7a, 7f.

In contrast to the bath capacitors of Figures 1 to 3, the Liquid discharge lines 30 and the gas discharge lines 18 are not on one of the Capacitor block sides 12 are arranged, in which the inlet and outlet openings 9, 10 of the evaporation passages 8 are located, but in the annular space 15 opposite the closed block sides 11. The gas collecting tubes 18 of the individual floors 15 are arranged in a line so that the oxygen generated in each floor 15 can be discharged via a common line 18. Admission to the Gas collecting line 18 takes place in each case via an annular gap opening 19.

The gaseous oxygen can flow down in the gas manifold 18 and is then removed from the bath condenser via line 52 below. Excess Liquid that is not evaporated in the circulation sections 7 can from the lowest floor 15f together with the oxygen gas via the gas manifold 52 flow out.

However, the gaseous oxygen can also follow within the gas manifold 18 stream above. This is particularly advantageous if the cylindrical container 50 and the rectification column, which absorbs the vaporized oxygen, a structural one Form unity. Excess liquid that does not evaporate in the bath condenser has been, is then preferably as a liquid product from the bottom floor 15f deducted in terms of quantity so that the target liquid level is on the bottom floor 15f is kept constant.

The overflow pipes 30 for transferring liquid from one floor 15 to the bottom Floor 15 lying next to the gas manifold 18, which is in the middle the capacitor block side 11 is arranged. The overflow pipes 30 are from the floor offset from each other to floor, i.e. once to the right and once to the left of the Gas discharge 18. Liquid oxygen cannot therefore flow from an overflow pipe 30 flow directly into the next overflow pipe 30.

FIGS. 8 to 11 show different views of a further embodiment of the bath condenser according to the invention shown. The evaporation passages are again divided into several circulation sections 7 and on the capacitor block 1 are at the level of the circulation sections 7a-e each of liquid storage containers 20 attached. The storage containers 20 are laterally and upwardly displaced Separation tank 21 on. On the liquid side there are two adjacent circulation sections 7 connected by overflow pipes 30. The structure of the bath condenser corresponds to this extent essentially the bath condenser according to FIG. 3, but the Inlet and outlet openings 9, 10 of the evaporation passages 8 on two opposite sides of capacitor block 1 and not all on the same Side of block 1.

As can be seen in FIGS. 9 and 11, the capacitor block 1 forms with the Liquid storage containers 20 and the separation spaces 21 in a plan view Hexagon, preferably an essentially equilateral hexagon. The Capacitor block 1 has a rectangular cross section, the side 60, the parallel to the sheets that the evaporation passages 8 of the Separate liquefaction passages is significantly shorter than that perpendicular to the Sheet-oriented page 61 is. The longer side 61 thus corresponds to the stack height the sheets. To achieve the required stack height, it can be quite advantageous be the capacitor block 1 as a combination of several individual blocks to execute.

At the level of each circulation section 7 is with the capacitor block 1 Liquid reservoir 20 connected. Only the lowest circulation section 7f does not need a storage container as it is in the sump bath of the associated one Separation column or a separate container 50 is located. The Liquid reservoir 20 is preferably a small cuboid pocket formed, which is laterally attached to the associated circulation section 7 and covers at least the inlet openings 9 of the circulation section 7. Because of the low Size of the storage container 20, the weight of which becomes small when filled held so that no high demands are placed on the stability of the storage container 20 must be asked. This also leaves more space for the separation room 21.

The separating space 21 is located to the side of the storage container 20 and upwards transferred. The cross section of the separating space 21 appears in the top view approximately as an isosceles triangle. The two legs have the length of the above-mentioned equilateral hexagon. This version is advantageous good use of the circular cross section of the Container 50 in which the capacitor block 1 is located.

The spaces 18 between the one through the block 1 and the separating spaces 21 formed hexagonal body and the cylindrical container 50 serve as Gas discharge lines 18. The inlet into the gas discharge lines 18 is located as in FIG. 8 is clearly visible above the outlet openings 10 of the respective Circulation section 7.

In a further embodiment of the invention, which follows with reference to FIGS 14 to 14, four identical blocks 70 form with the associated ones Liquid storage containers 20 and the associated separation spaces 21 in Outline almost equilateral octagon. The stack height 61 of the individual blocks 70 is again higher than their width 60. Two blocks are at a distance from each other Sheet width 60 opposite, so that the blocks 70 form a cross in plan view, in whose center a square with the side length of the sheet width 60 remains free.

Four liquid storage containers 71 with an L-shaped cross section on the outside of the Crosses supply the four at the same height Circulation sections 7 with the liquid to be evaporated, each storage container 71 is connected to two blocks 70. The lowest circulation sections 7f are on the other hand, with liquid from the bottom of the column or the container in which the bath condenser is fed.

The associated separating space 72 has approximately the shape of a in cross section Triangle, the legs of the outside of the L-shaped Liquid reservoir 71 are formed and the base of one side of the Octagon is formed. The advantage of this arrangement is the good utilization of the circular cross-section with little construction effort.

The liquid is transferred from one circulation section 7 to the one below Circulation section 7 again passed through an overflow pipe 30. The gap between the octagonal body and the cylindrical wall of the container 50, in to which the bath condenser is located serves as a gas discharge line 18.

Claims (14)

Bath condenser with a condenser block, which has evaporation passages for a liquid and liquefaction passages for a heating medium and has at least two circulation sections arranged vertically one above the other, the evaporation passages each having at least one inlet opening for the liquid at the lower end of a circulation section and at least one outlet opening in each case at the upper end of a circulation section have, for each circulation section a liquid storage container is provided which is in flow connection with the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the circulation section and has a gas discharge line, characterized in that the inlet into the gas discharge line (18) is not in a semi-open volume next to the condenser block ( 1), which is through the side (12) of the circulation section (7), in which the outlet opening (10) of the circulation section (7) is arranged, and perpendicular to the side (12) would have bounded, half-planes each containing a page margin. Bath condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet into the gas discharge line (18) is above the half-open volume. Bath condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that the inlet into the gas discharge line (18) is at the level of the circulation section (7) arranged above it. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet into the gas discharge line (18) is in a semi-open volume next to the condenser block (1), which through one of the side (12) of the circulation section, in which the outlet opening of the Circumferential section is arranged, adjacent side (11) of the capacitor block (1) and two perpendicular to the adjacent side (11) aligned, each containing a vertical edge of the adjacent side (11) is bounded. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet into the gas discharge line (18) is located in a semi-open volume next to the condenser block (1), which by the side (12) of the circulation section (7), in which the outlet opening (10) of the circulation section (7) is arranged, opposite side of the capacitor block (1) and two perpendicular to the opposite side, each containing a vertical edge of the opposite side is limited. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at most two sides (12) of the condenser block (1) are provided with inlet (9) and / or outlet openings (10). Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that all inlet (9) and outlet openings (10) are located on the same side (12) of the condenser block (1). Bath condenser according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that on the side (12) of the condenser block (1), in which there are inlet (9) and / or outlet openings (10), a collector (13) with a liquid supply line (22) and a gas discharge line (18) is attached, which covers the sides of several circulation sections (7), preferably the entire side (12) of the condenser block (1). Bath condenser according to claim 8, characterized in that the collector (13) along the boundary of two circulation sections (7) is each divided into levels (15), two adjacent levels (15) via a liquid (17, 30) and a gas line (18) are connected to one another on the flow side. Bath condenser according to claim 9, characterized in that two adjacent levels (15) are connected to one another via an overflow pipe (30) for the liquid transport. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the capacitor block has a rectangular cross section and is arranged in a round container. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the top view of the condenser block (1), the liquid storage containers (20) and the separating spaces (21) connected to the liquid storage containers (20) form a hexagon. Bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the top view of the condenser block (1), the liquid storage containers (20) and the separating spaces (21) connected to the liquid storage containers (20) form an octagon. Use of a bath condenser according to one of claims 1 to 13 as Main condenser of a cryogenic air separation plant.

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