EP1136756A1 - Verfahren zur Verbrennung von biogenen Stoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Verbrennung von biogenen Stoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1136756A1 EP1136756A1 EP01890061A EP01890061A EP1136756A1 EP 1136756 A1 EP1136756 A1 EP 1136756A1 EP 01890061 A EP01890061 A EP 01890061A EP 01890061 A EP01890061 A EP 01890061A EP 1136756 A1 EP1136756 A1 EP 1136756A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- biogenic substances
- glowing
- bales
- burning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50006—Combustion chamber walls reflecting radiant energy within the chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50007—Co-combustion of two or more kinds of waste, separately fed into the furnace
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for recycling biogenic substances which the biogenic substances in bale form are fed to a boiler for combustion.
- the invention further relates to a device for carrying this out Procedure.
- bales crop-like plants in the agricultural field, for example Cereals, triticale, rye, maize either separated from the grain or entirely into bales be pressed. It is also known that usually the shape of the bale is round or can be cuboid. But other materials are also pressed into bales or bundled, e.g. Paper or fabric.
- This process is advantageous because it means the transport and storage of biogenic Fabrics more efficient and the manipulation effort is reduced.
- the bales are used in many ways.
- the dried straws separated from the grain, the straw, are used as fodder or litter in agriculture.
- Tissue and paper are processed and recycled.
- the practice of simply burning straw on the spot, which was often practiced in the past, is prohibited due to environmental pollution.
- the harmful effects of the unburned hydrocarbons released are known.
- the fuel pressed into bales has many inhomogeneous areas which are caused by higher water content, impurities, different degrees of decomposition and a characterized by low fuel value due to its poor fuel properties are.
- a combustion system that is not sensitive enough to these inhomogeneities can react, causing incomplete burnout and thereby increased Emissions.
- the objective of the present invention is to produce bales made of biogenic substances inexpensive, without high preparation and manipulation effort by complete Combustion, regardless of its quality, for example water content, Impurities or degree of decomposition to be thermally recycled.
- the reflective surfaces of the Mirrors can have different shapes, for example in the form of a flat surface, a spherical segment, a parabola, a spherical concave mirror or other of shapes deviating from a sphere (aspherical surfaces) are possible.
- Suitable materials for the reflection surfaces or mirrors are preferably heat-resistant ceramic materials.
- optical detectors which in Depending on the burn-up of the biogenic substances, preferably pivoted Control mirrors to control the heat radiation from the glowing or burning sections to direct the non-glowing or burning sections.
- the method and the device according to the invention are particularly suitable for the simultaneous combustion of several bales, since the flowing mixture of hot flue gases and combustion air together with the reflectors supports the drying and pyrolysis of the biomass which has not yet been completely converted into gaseous and solid components. This is achieved by neighboring , burning bale parts, from the stair grate and partly by recirculation. The targeted reflection thus supports the drying and gasification of the biogenic substances.
- the hydrocarbon compounds released in the process are burned in the afterburning zone by supplying the combustion air required for complete oxidation.
- the number, quality and position of the bales introduced can vary The heat demand of the connected customers can be adjusted.
- the combustion monitored by the optical detectors is controlled by a control algorithm both with the bale insertion speed and with the priority assignment the areas to be irradiated by the reflection surfaces or mirrors connected. This results in a complete and low-pollutant oxidation of the biomass reached.
- a fuel supply e.g. a screw conveyor, for Supply of fuels not pressed in bale form can be arranged.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a section through a boiler designed according to the invention and FIG. 2 also shows schematically the beam path between a mirror part and a fuel bale.
- a boiler 1 for the supply of biogenic substances has a feed shaft la for Fuel bale 2 on.
- Fuel bale 2 can be inserted both side by side and one above the other.
- mirrors 3, 3a Opposite the feed shaft 1a are mirrors 3, 3a arranged, whereby, as in the Drawing is indicated, in particular the mirror 3a via a control linkage 3b is pivotable.
- Optical detectors 4 are directed against the fuel bales 2 and monitor them Burn.
- FIG. 2 shows how the temperature radiation from the bale 2 rays 8 incident parallel to the axis are thrown back by the mirror 3 (or 3a) and almost in one point, the focal point.
- the focal length can be chosen so that the reflection and focusing Radiation, the temperature at the focal point is increased such that the fuel bale 2 a so-called focal spot 9 is formed.
- the optical detectors 4 for If fuel monitoring is used, inhomogeneous areas of the bale 2 can be identified, the reflecting surface of the mirrors 3 and 3a is aimed specifically at such zones and these thus be completely burned. This will result in even thermal decomposition of the fuel bale 2 reached in its volatile and solid components, since the Reflecting surface of the mirrors 3, 3a is directed to those areas of the ball that are due to lower fuel quality more energy for the decomposition into gaseous and solid Need components. Furthermore, it is largely avoided that not completely burned bale material falls into the ash zone 7 and - thermally unused - is carried out.
- the parts of the bale that come loose during the combustion process fall on the Grate 6, which is preferably designed as a feed grate, is completely there burned out and as ash together with the non-combustible solid components the ash discharge 7 discharged from the combustion chamber.
- the grate 6 is for example like this dimensioned that the average falling, not completely burned Parts of the bale in this post-combustion zone can be completely thermally recycled can. As a rule, this grate 6 will be much smaller than it is generally for Nominal output of such an incinerator would be necessary.
- the combustion chamber can also for a wide fuel band, preferably wood chips, but also bark, old wood, pellets, etc. be used.
- this device also for the constant admixture of bulk fuel and can also be used as an alternative for an emergency or ember conservation operation.
- the number and Location of the reflecting surfaces or mirrors and the number and location of the biogenic Fuel can be arbitrary to each other. Fixed mirrors can also be arranged.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Der schädliche Einfluß der dabei freigesetzten unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffe ist bekannt.
und Fig. 2 zeigt ebenfalls schematisch den Strahlengang zwischen einem Spiegelteil und einem Brennstoffballen.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Verwertung von biogenen Stoffen, bei dem die biogenen Stoffe in Ballenform einem Kessel (1) zur Verbrennung zugeführt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abbrand der biogenen Stoffe abschnittsweise überwacht und die Wärmestrahlung der glühenden bzw. brennenden Abschnitte mittels Spiegeln (3,3a) zu den nicht glühenden bzw. brennenden Abschnitten gelenkt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Steuerungsalgorithmus den Verbrennungsvorgang, die Balleneinschubgeschwindigkeit und die Prioritätszuordnung der von den Reflektionsflächen bzw. Spiegel zu bestrahlenden Bereiche verknüpft.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Überwachung des Abbrandes der biogenen Stoffe in an sich bekannter Weise optische Detektoren (4) angeordnet sind, die in Abhängigkeit vom Abbrand der biogenen Stoffe schwenkbar gelagerte Spiegel (3,3a) steuern, um die Wärmestrahlung der glühenden bzw. brennenden Abschnitte zu den nicht glühenden bzw. brennenden Abschnitten zu lenken.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb der im Brennraum des Kessels mündenden Zufuhr (1a) der Ballen (2) der biogenen Stoffe ein Rost (6), vorzugsweise ein in einen Ascheaustrag (7) mündender Vorschubrost, angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der im Brennraum des Kessels (1) mündenden Zufuhr (1a) der Ballen (2) der biogenen Stoffe und dem Rost (6) eine Brennstoffzuführung, z.B. eine Förderschnecke (5), zur Zuführung von nicht in Ballenform gepreßten Brennstoffen angeordnet ist.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT01890061T ATE301267T1 (de) | 2000-03-24 | 2001-03-06 | Verfahren zur verbrennung von biogenen stoffen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0022500U AT4196U1 (de) | 2000-03-24 | 2000-03-24 | Verfahren zur verwertung von biogenen stoffen |
AT2252000U | 2000-03-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1136756A1 true EP1136756A1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
EP1136756B1 EP1136756B1 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
Family
ID=3484844
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01890061A Expired - Lifetime EP1136756B1 (de) | 2000-03-24 | 2001-03-06 | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von biogenen Stoffen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1136756B1 (de) |
AT (2) | AT4196U1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50106932D1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2295349A1 (fr) * | 1974-12-19 | 1976-07-16 | Anvar | Appareil a bruler de la paille ou des substances similaires |
US4549528A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-10-29 | Focus Environmental Systems | Method and apparatus for solar destruction of toxic and hazardous materials |
GB2167542A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-05-29 | Fuel Combustion Limited | Furnace for agricultural waste |
US5462676A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-10-31 | Envirowaste Systems, Inc. | Process and system for treating solid and liquid waste |
US5549057A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-08-27 | Raymon J. Castine | Dryer and combustible pellet system |
WO2000011402A1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-03-02 | Robinson Environmental Corporation | Gasification system and method |
-
2000
- 2000-03-24 AT AT0022500U patent/AT4196U1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-03-06 AT AT01890061T patent/ATE301267T1/de active
- 2001-03-06 EP EP01890061A patent/EP1136756B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-06 DE DE50106932T patent/DE50106932D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2295349A1 (fr) * | 1974-12-19 | 1976-07-16 | Anvar | Appareil a bruler de la paille ou des substances similaires |
US4549528A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-10-29 | Focus Environmental Systems | Method and apparatus for solar destruction of toxic and hazardous materials |
GB2167542A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-05-29 | Fuel Combustion Limited | Furnace for agricultural waste |
US5462676A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-10-31 | Envirowaste Systems, Inc. | Process and system for treating solid and liquid waste |
US5549057A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-08-27 | Raymon J. Castine | Dryer and combustible pellet system |
WO2000011402A1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-03-02 | Robinson Environmental Corporation | Gasification system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE301267T1 (de) | 2005-08-15 |
EP1136756B1 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
DE50106932D1 (de) | 2005-09-08 |
AT4196U1 (de) | 2001-03-26 |
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