EP1134061B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen in der Oberfläche eines Betongegenstandes - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen in der Oberfläche eines Betongegenstandes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1134061B1
EP1134061B1 EP00204076A EP00204076A EP1134061B1 EP 1134061 B1 EP1134061 B1 EP 1134061B1 EP 00204076 A EP00204076 A EP 00204076A EP 00204076 A EP00204076 A EP 00204076A EP 1134061 B1 EP1134061 B1 EP 1134061B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
concrete
tooling
unhardened
concrete element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00204076A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1134061A1 (de
Inventor
Johannes Antonius Petrus Catharina Van Der Biezen
Henricus Gerardus Theresia Pascalis Brands
Cornelis Hoogterp
Tsjerk Nauta
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VBI Ontwikkeling BV
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VBI Ontwikkeling BV
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1134061A1 publication Critical patent/EP1134061A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/12—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for removing parts of the articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for providing recesses in a surface of a concrete element.
  • Such method is, for instance, used for providing slots in hollow-core slabs formed from concrete which have not yet hardened, as known from applicant's non-prepublished Dutch patent application 1013136.
  • Such hollow-core slabs are used for forming a floor field in a house, wherein electricity, discharge or water lines can be accommodated in the slots provided during the manufacturing process.
  • it is advantageous that the provision of an additional layer on the floor surface in which the lines are usually fitted, is avoided.
  • the fitting of lines in such layer is time-consuming and causes the level of the floor surface on a story to vary, which is disadvantageous in the case of reconstructions and reuse of the floor.
  • a problem involved in providing slots in unhardened concrete during the manufacture is the realization of a slot at the surface of the hollow-core slab without disturbing the areas adjoining the slot, and the realization of a well-defined slot having regular, smooth walls. Disturbing the surrounding areas could cause the strength of the hollow-core slab to decrease unacceptably. Irregular walls of the slot present problems during the laying and passing-through of lines and lead to stress concentrations under a load, which may cause the strength of the hollow-core slab to decrease.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method wherein a slot can be provided in a surface of an unhardened concrete element without disturbing the other areas of the concrete element and wherein a regular, smooth wall surface of the slot is obtained.
  • a method of the above-described type is characterized by the steps of cutting unhardened concrete to be removed, from the surface of an unhardened concrete element by means of a cutting tool, in a tooling direction substantially parallel to the surface of the concrete element, discharging the unhardened concrete cut from the concrete element, and cutting with a cutting tool provided with two cutting edges located in front of the cutting tool, each cutter being connected to a sidewall which extends rearwards in a tooling direction.
  • an apparatus of the above-mentioned type is characterized in that the cutting tool comprises two spaced-apart cutting edges, located at the front of the cutting tool, each cutter being connected to a sidewall which, in a tooling direction, extends rearwards.
  • the invention is also embodied in a tooling apparatus having a cutting apparatus according to the invention, and displacing means connected to the cutting apparatus for displacing the cutting apparatus relative to a concrete element to be tooled.
  • French patent specification 1,416,393 discloses an apparatus for tooling a cellular concrete poured into a mold, comprising a shaft having blades whereby concrete is scraped off and displaced to a mixer. From the mixer, the concrete scrapings are discharged.
  • Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a tooling apparatus 1 according to the invention.
  • the tooling apparatus 1 comprises a frame 10 supported by wheels 20 driven by a drive mechanism 21. By means of the wheels, the drive mechanism 21 can move the apparatus 1 in the direction indicated by X.
  • a tank 22 Disposed on the frame 1 is a tank 22, mobile over the frame by means of wheels and comprising extraction means 27 for extracting cement.
  • a water tank 23 Also disposed on the frame is a water tank 23. having a water pump, not shown, for pumping water from the tank 23.
  • Located behind the tanks 22 and 23 is a second tank 24 likewise arranged for extracting cement.
  • a cutting apparatus 80 is mounted on the cross girder 31.
  • the cutting apparatus 80 is provided with an elongated frame part 81 connected, by means of supports 82, to four guide wheels 83.
  • the guide wheels 83 are arranged for rotation relative to the supports 82 and engage the cross girder 31.
  • the wheels 83 are connected to a drive mechanism 88 (Fig. 3) capable of displacing the cutting apparatus 80 via the guide wheels 83 along the cross girder 31 in a direction indicated by the arrow Y.
  • the cross girder 31 is further connected to a drive mechanism 32 arranged for displacing the cross girder 31, and accordingly the cutting apparatus 80, in a direction indicated by the arrow Z.
  • an electromotor 84 comprising a driven shaft with a number of pulleys 85.
  • the pulleys 85 are connected to pulleys 87.
  • the pulleys 87 are rotatable relative to the frame part 81 and are connected to a cutter head 140 so as to be restrained from rotation.
  • the cutter head 140 is bearing-mounted for rotation relative to the frame part 81, so that via the belt drive mechanism 85, 86 and the pulley 87, the motor 84 can rotate the cutter head 140.
  • FIGs. 4 and 5 show a lowermost portion of the cutting apparatus 80 in more detail.
  • a substantially rectangular top plate 100 is provided with two opposite openings 121 and 122 wherein connecting means, not shown, engage, which connecting means project upwards and are connected to the frame part 81. Adjacent one end thereof, the top plate 100 is provided with a discharge opening 101 and at its opposite end, it is provided with an opening 102 extending to the edge of the top plate 100.
  • Mounted below the top plate 100 is a sidewall 110, consisting of a plate bent so as to be U-shaped. As a result, the sidewall 110 has a rounding 111 and two ends 112 and 113. The rounding 111 of the sidewall 110 is located adjacent the discharge opening 101, and the two ends 112, 113 are located adjacent the opposite edge of the top plate 100.
  • the ends 112, 113 are provided with respective cutting edges.
  • the top plate 100 and the sidewall 110 bound a tooling space, a front side of which is provided with an entrance 130 bounded by the cutting edges 112 and 113.
  • the thus formed tray 135 has two parallel sidewalls; the invention is not limited hereto, and if so desired, the sidewalls can also be designed so as to converge from the opening.
  • the tray 135 is rotatably connected to the frame part 81, so that the tray can rotate relative to the cross girder 31.
  • the tray 135 comprises rotation means. The effect thus achieved is that the tray can follow changes in direction more effectively.
  • a cutter head 140 Located above the top plate 100 is a cutter head 140, provided with three cutter blades 141, 142, 143 which project into the tooling space via the opening 102.
  • the cutter head 140 can rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows B, thereby displacing the cutter heads 141-143, rotating in the direction B.
  • the cutter blades 141-143 are fitted on the cutter head 140 so as to be changeable.
  • a water supply 150 comprising two water supply pipes 151 and 152, each terminating in a spray nozzle 153 located in the space between the cutter blades 141-143.
  • the supply pipe 152 opens into three outlets 154 located at the same level and positioned at an angle relative to each other.
  • the supply pipe 151 opens into two outlets 155 and 156 located above the outlets 154.
  • the spray nozzle 153 is rotatable relative to the top plate 100.
  • the pipes 151 and 152 are connected to the pipe 26, which pipe is connected to the water tank 23.
  • the sidewall 110 is provided with a bottom plate along its side remote from the top plate 100.
  • the edge of the bottom plate located adjacent the ends of the sidewall is provided with a cutting edge.
  • the connecting means projecting upwards from the bottom plate 100 can be left out.
  • the bottom is connected to the bottom side of the spray nozzle, so that the tray is rotatably connected to the cutting apparatus.
  • a discharge pipe 160 is introduced into the tooling space, of which discharge pipe a suction opening 161 is located adjacent the cutter blades 141-143.
  • the tooling apparatus 1 further comprises a control system 200 shown in Fig. 6, connected to the drive mechanisms 21, 32 and 88, and to the water supply means 22, the discharge means 27 and the electromotor 84.
  • the control system 200 is arranged for controlling the tooling apparatus 1.
  • a hollow-core slab 60 is formed on a path 50.
  • the hollow-core slab 60 is provided with a number of channels 61 extending lengthwise of the hollow-core slab, and with prestressed reinforcement 62 oriented lengthwise of the hollow-core slab 60.
  • the hollow-core slab 60 is formed from so-called dry-poured cement, i.e. cement having a relatively low water content. By means of a vibrating operation, the cement of the hollow-core slab 60 has already been compacted, but has not yet hardened. This condition is also referred to as "green" concrete.
  • the consistency of the hollow-core slab 60 is such that the hollow-core slab 60 does have self-supporting capacity, but is not capable of supporting greater loads.
  • the cement hardens into concrete, whereupon the hollow-core slab 60 has obtained the strength needed for use.
  • the path 50 on which the hollow-core slab 60 lies is provided with raised longitudinal edges 51 on which the wheels 20 of the apparatus 1 are placed.
  • the control system 200 is arranged for moving the cutting apparatus 80 in the directions X, Y and Z by operating the drive mechanisms 21, 32, 88, and accordingly moving the cutting apparatus 80 along a predetermined path relative to the hollow-core slab 60.
  • a tooling direction is defined along which the cutting apparatus 80 is guided, which direction is indicated in the drawing by an arrow A (Fig. 5).
  • the cutting apparatus 80 is moved to such a height that the opening 130 relative to the hollow-core slab 60 is located at the level of the recess to be formed in the hollow-core slab 60.
  • the cutting edges 112 and 113 cut into the unhardened concrete of the hollow-core slab 60, thus defining the shape of the walls of the recess to be formed.
  • the lower side of the cutter blades defines the bottom of the recess.
  • the liquid mass formed is pumped downstream, via the extraction means 27, through the extraction opening 161 and the pipes 160 and 25, to the concrete tank 23.
  • the unhardened concrete cut from the concrete surface of the hollow-core slab is discharged and the intended recess in the concrete surface is formed through displacement of the cutting apparatus 80 along the predetermined path.
  • the opening 130 of the tray can rotate during changes of direction in order to follow the path.
  • the opening 130 provided with cutting edges 112, 113 cuts the shape of the slot to be formed in the top portion of the hollow-core slab, it is achieved that the removal of the concrete, and accordingly the formation of the slot, can take place in a fast and accurate manner, to obtain a smooth and regular wall of the slot.
  • cutting edges are used for cutting the slot in the unhardened concrete
  • the invention is not limited hereto; the invention also provides other apparatus for cutting a slot in the unhardened concrete, such as, for instance, a wire frame, a water cutting apparatus, and multiple cutting blades.
  • the invention is not limited hereto; the invention also provides other apparatus for grinding concrete, such as, for instance, rotating cutter blades, a rotating propeller or screw.
  • the invention provides an embodiment wherein, by means of supplying a mixture of water and air downstream of the cutting apparatus, the cement to be removed is broken open and the mixture thus formed is extracted.
  • the invention is not limited hereto; the invention also provides that the cut concrete is discharged without grinding, such as, for instance, through extraction or a discharge belt.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the use with prestressed hollow-core slabs, mentioned by way of example.
  • the invention may also be used for providing recesses in other concrete parts manufactured from dry-poured cement, such as, for instance, wall and facade elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Ausnehmungen in einer Oberfläche eines Betonelements (60) mit den Schritten:
    Schneiden von zu entfernendem unabgebundenen Beton aus der Oberfläche eines unabgebundenen Betonelements (60) mit einem Schneidwerkzeug in einer Werkzeugrichtung (A), die im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Oberfläche des Betonelements ist, und
    Abführen des aus dem Betonelement (60) geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons, gekennzeichnet durch Schneiden mit einem Schneidwerkzeug, das mit zwei mit Abstand angeordneten Schneiden (112, 113) versehen ist, die an der Vorderseite in Bezug zur Werkzeugrichtung (A) des Schneidwerkzeugs angeordnet sind, wobei jede Schneide mit einer jeweiligen Seitenwand verbunden ist, die in Bezug zur Werkzeugrichtung (A) nach hinten verläuft.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch Zerkleinern des aus dem Betonelement (60) geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch Zuführen von Wasser neben mindestens einer Schneide (112, 113) und Mischen des aus dem Betonelement geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons mit Wasser.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Herausholen des aus dem Betonelement (60) geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Schneiden des zu entfernenden unabgebundenen Betons mit einer Schneidvorrichtung.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch Zerkleinern des aus dem Betonelement (60) geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons mit einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung (140 - 143), die in der Werkzeugrichtung (A) nach dem Schneidwerkzeug angeordnet ist.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, gekennzeichnet durch Abführen des aus dem Betonelement (60) geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons mit einer Abführvorrichtung (25, 27, 1,60, 161), die in der Werkzeugrichtung (A) nach dem Schneidwerkzeug angeordnet ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Fräsen des zu entfernenden unabgebundenen Betons.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 - 8, gekennzeichnet durch Zuführen von Wasser zu dem zu entfernenden unabgebundenen Beton während des Zerkleinerns des zu entfernenden unabgebundenen Betons.
  10. Schneidvorrichtung (80) zum Herstellen von Ausnehmungen in einer Oberfläche eines unabgebundenen Betonelements (60) mit
       einem Schneidwerkzeug zum Schneiden von zu entfernendem unabgebundenen Beton aus dem Betonelement in einer Werkzeugrichtung (A), die parallel zu der Beton-Oberfläche ist, und
       einem Abführteil (25, 27, 160, 161) zum Abführen des aus dem Betonelement geschnittenen unabgebundenen Betons, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schneidwerkzeug zwei mit Abstand angeordnete Schneiden (112, 113) aufweist, die an der Vorderseite des Schneidwerkzeugs in Bezug zur Werkzeugrichtung (A) angeordnet sind, wobei jede Schneide mit einer jeweiligen Seitenwand (110) verbunden ist, die in Bezug zur Werkzeugrichtung (A) nach hinten verläuft.
  11. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand (110) zumindest teilweise einen Werkzeugbereich definiert.
  12. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwände (110) mit einem Boden verbunden sind, der eine vorderste Schneide aufweist.
  13. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Zerkleinerungsteil (140 - 143) in dem Werkzeugbereich angeordnet ist.
  14. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 13, gekennzeichnet durch ein nach dem Schneidwerkzeug in einer Werkzeugrichtung (A) angeordnetes Zerkleinerungsteil (140 - 143), das zum Zerkleinern von aus dem Betonelement geschnittenen unabgebundenen Beton vorgesehen ist.
  15. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 14, gekennzeichnet durch ein nach dem Schneldwerkzeug In einer Werkzeugrichtung (A) angeordnetes Mischteil mit einer Wasserzufuhr (150), das zum Mischen von aus dem Betonelement geschnittenen unabgebundenen Beton mit Wasser vorgesehen ist.
  16. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 15, gekennzeichnet durch ein nach dem Schneidwerkzeug in einer Werkzeugrichtung (A) angeordnetes Extraktionsteil (27) zum Herausholen von aus dem Betonelement geschnittenen unabgebundenen Beton.
  17. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach den Ansprüchen 10 - 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schneidwerkzeug einen Fräser aufweist.
  18. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zerkleinerungsteil (140 - 143) von dem Fräser gebildet wird.
  19. Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schneidwerkzeug ein Wasserschneidteil aufweist.
  20. Werkzeugvorrichtung (1) zum Herstellen von Ausnehmungen in einer Oberfläche eines unabgebundenen Betonelements (60), gekennzeichnet durch eine Schneidvorrichtung (80) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 - 19 und durch mit der Schneidvorrichtung verbundene Verlagerungsmittel (30 - 32, 81 - 83) zum Verlagern der Schneidvorrichtung In Bezug zu einem maschinell zu bearbeitenden Betonelement (60).
  21. Werkzeugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 20, gekennzeichnet durch eine Extraktionsvorrichtung (27), die mit der Schneidvorrichtung (80) verbunden ist.
  22. Werkzeugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 20 oder 21, gekennzeichnet durch ein mit den Verlagerungsmitteln (30 - 32, 81 - 83) verbundenes Steuersystem (200), das zum Steuern der Schneidvorrichtung (80) entlang einem definierten Pfad vorgesehen ist.
EP00204076A 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen in der Oberfläche eines Betongegenstandes Expired - Lifetime EP1134061B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1013606 1999-11-18
NL1013606A NL1013606C2 (nl) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Inrichting en werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van uitsparingen in een oppervlak van een betonelement.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1134061A1 EP1134061A1 (de) 2001-09-19
EP1134061B1 true EP1134061B1 (de) 2004-04-07

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EP00204076A Expired - Lifetime EP1134061B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen in der Oberfläche eines Betongegenstandes

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EP (1) EP1134061B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE263662T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60009655T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1134061T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2218063T3 (de)
NL (1) NL1013606C2 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI123230B (fi) * 2011-08-16 2012-12-31 Elematic Oy Ab Väline ja laitteisto tuoreen liukuvaletun betonituotteen muokkaamiseksi
FI127903B (en) 2014-04-22 2019-05-15 Elematic Oy Ab Method and plant for cutting a concrete product
FI128156B (en) 2018-01-30 2019-11-15 Elematic Oyj Method and system for recycling concrete mass in sliding casting process and casting machine
CN113319991B (zh) * 2021-06-10 2022-11-22 中建七局第四建筑有限公司 一种蒸压加气混凝土砌块的切断装置
CN113442274B (zh) * 2021-07-19 2022-07-12 安徽筑园景新型建材科技有限公司 一种蒸压加气混凝土砌块的制造装置
CN113547621B (zh) * 2021-07-26 2022-07-12 安徽中轩建设工程有限公司 一种用于蒸压混凝土砂加气砌块的防尘切割机

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2014269A (en) * 1933-10-05 1935-09-10 Metropolitan Paving Briek Comp Method of making trickling filter floor blocks
FR1416393A (fr) * 1964-07-31 1965-11-05 Procédé et dispositif pour l'usinage de matériaux à structure cellulaire obtenus par coulée en moules
NL8301789A (nl) * 1983-05-19 1984-12-17 Remise Maschf Bv Inrichting voor het opzuigen van materiaal, in het bijzonder betonresten.

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Publication number Publication date
ATE263662T1 (de) 2004-04-15
DK1134061T3 (da) 2004-08-02
NL1013606C2 (nl) 2001-05-21
DE60009655D1 (de) 2004-05-13
EP1134061A1 (de) 2001-09-19
DE60009655T2 (de) 2009-10-08
ES2218063T3 (es) 2004-11-16

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