EP1131400B1 - Procede de production de granules tensioactifs - Google Patents
Procede de production de granules tensioactifs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1131400B1 EP1131400B1 EP99963299A EP99963299A EP1131400B1 EP 1131400 B1 EP1131400 B1 EP 1131400B1 EP 99963299 A EP99963299 A EP 99963299A EP 99963299 A EP99963299 A EP 99963299A EP 1131400 B1 EP1131400 B1 EP 1131400B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous
- surfactant
- fluidized bed
- granules
- anionic surfactants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- -1 alkyl ether sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005844 autocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-KTKRTIGZSA-N (13Z)-docosen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCO CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJYWKXYRGAMLRE-QXMHVHEDSA-N (z)-icos-9-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO DJYWKXYRGAMLRE-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVPWKOCQOFBNML-SEYXRHQNSA-N (z)-octadec-6-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCO TVPWKOCQOFBNML-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-docosen-1-ol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCO CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical class OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical class Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-MDZDMXLPSA-N oleyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of surfactant granules containing anionic surfactants by granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed, which is carried out in the presence of volatile bases, and their use for the preparation of particular pH-neutral detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning agents and oral hygiene products.
- Anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates are common surfactants, which find a wide application in cleaning processes of all kinds due to their high washing power. Due to their manufacturing process, these are usually obtained in salt form as aqueous solutions or pastes, which are converted into their powder or granules, for example, by conventional drying technology, especially in the spray tower or in granulating. At the drying temperatures prevailing there, however, pH-neutral solutions or pastes of the alkyl (ether) sulfate would decompose autocatalytically into the corresponding olefinic base and the corresponding salts of hydrogen sulfate, which themselves act as acid in aqueous solution.
- such pastes according to the prior art are provided with a so-called alkali reserve, ie such pastes are mixed with an excess of free hydroxides, in particular of sodium hydroxide.
- the sodium hydroxide is then able to trap the possibly formed by autocatalysis acid and so stop the decomposition process.
- the alkali reserve is added in excess, usually in such amounts that, for example, a fatty alcohol sulfate paste has a pH above 10, small residual amounts of unused sodium hydroxide always remain in the aqueous solution or paste of the alkyl (ether) sulfates.
- the residual amounts of the alkali reserve are present as minor constituents of the anionic surfactants.
- these residual alkali components in the anionic surfactants cause problems in a number of applications, as they may cause odors and color shifts, for example due to undesirable interactions with perfume raw materials or dyes.
- there are a number of application fields for example in cosmetics or in the field of so-called pH-neutral detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaners for which pH-neutral anionic surfactants are desired.
- From the DE 197 07 649 C1 discloses a process for producing detergent raw materials by simultaneous drying and granulation of aqueous pastes in a thin film evaporator.
- the drying of these pastes is carried out at a temperature in the range of 120-130 ° C in the presence of a Alkalicarbonatzusatzes to paste and / or an alkaline gas stream.
- the autocatalytic decomposition of the anionic surfactants during their drying should continue to be effectively prevented.
- no disturbing residual amounts of alkaline substances should be present in the resulting surfactant granules.
- it was within the scope of the invention desired to produce anionic surfactants as granules with a high bulk density, which have only slightly dusty shares.
- the object has been achieved by adding to the aqueous, anionic surfactant (in salt form) containing surfactant pastes before and / or during the granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed with volatile bases.
- the invention includes the finding that anionic surfactant granules which have no or lower residual amounts of alkaline substances are obtainable with the method according to the invention, so that they do not cause any undesired interactions with perfume or dyes. Furthermore, the invention includes the knowledge that by the ubiquitous presence of the volatile bases in the fluidized bed are effectively reduced even at the most remote locations of the apparatus, for example in the filter, decomposition of already formed dried anionic surfactants under thermal stress and Wandandbackept the decomposed product can be reduced.
- An object of the present invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of surfactant granules, wherein after dissolving the surfactant granules in water, the aqueous solution has a pH value between 7 and 9.5, by granulation and simultaneous drying of an aqueous, anionic surfactant in salt form containing surfactant the fluidized bed, characterized in that prior to or during the granulation and simultaneous drying volatile bases in amounts of 0.05 to 5 wt .-% - based on the active substance of the anionic surfactants in aqueous surfactant preparation in the form
- aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants are used for the process.
- these are aqueous surfactant preparations which contain exclusively anionic surfactants.
- These are preferably used in the form of aqueous pastes, in particular with an active substance content of from 25 to 90% by weight, based on aqueous anionic surfactant paste.
- anionic surfactants are fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates and alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they may have a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution.
- fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates as anionic surfactants.
- Particularly suitable are those which follow the formula (I) , R 1 O- (CH 2 CH 2 O) m SO 3 X (I) in which R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, m is 0 or numbers from 1 to 10 and X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
- sulfates based on technical C 12/14 - or C 12/18 alcohol fractions , based on natural oils and fats such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, palstearin or tallow or even based on Ziegleralkoholen bwz. also of oxo alcohols in the range of C8 to C15 (or mixtures thereof of the abovementioned linear alcohols of natural oils and fats or Ziegleralkoholen with oxo alcohols) in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts.
- Typical examples of ether sulfates of alcohols ethoxylated with on average 1 to 10 and in particular 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide are selected from the group caproic alcohol, capryl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, Elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, in the form of their sodium and / or magnesium salts.
- the ether sulfates may have both a conventional and a narrow homolog distribution.
- aqueous surfactant preparations to be used for the purposes of the invention may contain, in addition to the anionic surfactants necessarily contained, optionally further surfactants or also additives which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaners.
- Nonionic surfactants are preferably present in the aqueous surfactant preparations as further surfactants.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are liquid alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 9 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, wherein the underlying alcohols may be methyl-branched linearly or in the 2-position, or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
- the nonionic surfactants of the type described are derived from linear alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 C atoms, such as coconut oil, tallow fatty acid or oleyl alcohol.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, nre).
- alcohol ethoxylates are preferred which have on average 2 to 8 ethylene oxide groups.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 9 -C 11 -oxoalcohol with 7 EO, C 13 -C 15 -oxoalcohol with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and in particular C 12 -C 14 -alcohol with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 12 -C 18 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12 -C 14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C 12 -C 18 -alcohol with 5 EO.
- alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO- (G) X in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched in the 2-position aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, G is a symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and the degree of oligomerization x is between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 2, and in particular less than 1.4, to be contained in the aqueous Tensidzurungsformen.
- nonionic surfactants are present in the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants, their amount used can vary within wide ranges. As a rule, the nonionic surfactants are present in amounts of up to 50% by weight, calculated as the active substance and based on the active substance of the surfactants, in the aqueous surfactant preparations.
- the aqueous surfactant preparation may contain additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaners, preferably in amounts of from 0.001 to 80% by weight, based on the active substance of the aqueous surfactant preparation.
- additives are inorganic builders such as zeolites, SKS6, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, Aerosil and / or organic builders such as starch, cellulose, cellulose ethers, microcrystalline cellulose and the like.
- aqueous pastes are preferred as aqueous surfactant preparations containing as surfactants exclusively anionic surfactants, in particular fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts.
- Such pastes are commercially available and currently have an addition of aqueous hydroxides as alkali reserve.
- the aqueous hydroxides are added according to the prior art, usually in amounts such that crizspielswesie Fettalkoholsulfatpasten (measured as 1 wt.% Aqueous solution) a pH above 10 have.
- the addition of the aqueous hydroxides takes place during the preparation of the fatty alcohol sulfates by means of continuous neutralization.
- the anionic surfactant pastes have such an amount of alkali reserves that the pH is between 7 and 9.5.
- Such pH values of the anionic surfactant pastes can already be set in the neutralization step after sulfation of the alcohols by addition of the calculated amount of hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide, during the preparation of the sulfates. This is recommended in particular for highly viscous anionic surfactant pastes, in particular those which have active substance contents of 60 to 90% by weight. In the case of low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with active substance contents below 30% by weight, the same procedure can be followed.
- low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with high alkali reserves can also be added subsequently, preferably first with customary inorganic and / or organic acids, for example citric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid. Gluconic acid or sulfuric acid, especially citric acid, neutralize, preferably to a pH between 7 and 9.5. If desired, the acids can also be used to set a lower pH below 7, for example in the case of low-viscosity fatty alcohol ether sulfate pastes. In the context of the invention, it is of course also possible to use neutral aqueous pastes of anionic surfactants, which have not additionally been stabilized by the addition of hydroxides with an alkali reserve. For the purposes of the present invention, all anionic surfactants (pastes) having a pH of between 7 and 9.5 are considered to be pH-neutral anionic surfactants (pastes).
- bases are preferably to be understood as meaning those compounds which, in the sense of the Broenstedt base definition, are capable of taking up protons. These are compounds which are already bases in themselves, such as ammonia or amines, as well as compounds which release by decomposition first bases, such as ammonium carbonate.
- volatile such bases are referred to in the context of the invention, if they are preferably in the fluidized bed plants prevailing temperatures, especially at 60 ° C and below, are gaseous.
- Particularly suitable volatile bases are those which are volatile even at room temperature (about 20 ° C.), such as ammonia and / or mono-, di- and trialkylamines having 1 and / or 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. Particularly suitable is ammonia. Ammonia can be used as gas or in the form of its aqueous solutions such as concentrated ammonia.
- the volatile bases are added preferably in amounts of from 0.05 to 5, in particular 0.1 to 1,% by weight, calculated as the active substance content of base and based on the active substance content of anionic surfactants in the aqueous surfactant preparation.
- the volatile bases may be added to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the anionic surfactant-containing surfactant pastes just prior to their granulation and simultaneous drying.
- the volatile bases in particular ammonia, in the form of their aqueous solutions, in particular concentrated ammonia, are added to the aqueous anionic surfactant preparations, which may have previously been pH neutral, before they are injected into the fluidized bed apparatus and subjected to granulation and simultaneous drying.
- the surfactant preparations containing aqueous anionic surfactants may be pre-adjusted to pH neutral, and irrespective of this, to inject an aqueous base solution into the fluidized-bed apparatus.
- the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants as usual via a nozzle into the fluidized bed apparatus and to inject the aqueous base solutions, in particular concentrated ammonia, preferably above the sieve bottom of the fluidized bed apparatus. Since there is negative pressure above the sieve bottom, the aqueous base solution is simply sucked into the fluidized bed.
- the volatile bases are added to the fluidizing air supplied for granulation and drying in the fluidized bed apparatus.
- the aqueous, optionally pH neutral adjusted anionic surfactant preparations are injected here in the fluidized bed apparatus and are only there in the presence of the fluidized air supplied with the volatile bases, preferably ammonia as a gas, granulated and dried.
- the volatile bases preferably ammonia as a gas
- aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants can be granulated alone or mixed with solid support materials in the fluidized bed and dried at the same time.
- the water evaporates from the preparation (paste), resulting in dried to dried germs, which are coated with the optionally admixed carrier materials, granulated and dried again at the same time.
- carrier materials are to be mixed, they are mixed simultaneously with the aqueous surfactant preparations (pastes), but separately from these, preferably via an automatically controlled solids dosage.
- carrier materials are mixed in the context of the invention, these are preferably inorganic carrier materials and in particular alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulphates, crystalline or amorphous alkali metal silicates, crystalline or amorphous sheet silicates and / or zeolites.
- the proportion of carrier materials to surfactant is not critical and may be in the weight ratio of 0: 100 to 50: 50, preferably 80:20.
- Preferably used fluidized bed apparatuses have bottom plates (sieve bottom) with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1.2 m or 2.5 m.
- a bottom plate perforated bottom plates a Contidurplatte (commercial product of the company Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany) or perforated bottom plates can be used, the holes (openings) are covered by a mesh with meshes less than 600 microns.
- the grid can be arranged within or above the passage openings. However, the grid is preferably located directly below the openings of the inflow base.
- a metal gauze is sintered with the appropriate mesh size.
- the metal gauze consists of the same material as the distributor plate, in particular of stainless steel.
- the mesh size of said grid is between 200 and 400 microns.
- the process is preferably carried out at fluidized air velocities of between 1 and 8 m / s and in particular between 1.5 and 5.5 m / s.
- the discharge of the granules is advantageously carried out by size classification of the granules. This classification is preferably carried out by means of an opposing air flow (classifier air), which is regulated so that only particles from a certain particle size removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
- the incoming air is composed of the heated or unheated classifier air and the heated floor air.
- the soil air temperature is preferably between 80 and 400 ° C.
- the fluidizing air is cooled by heat losses and by the heat of vaporization and is preferably about 5 cm above the bottom plate 60 to 120 ° C, preferably 65 to 90 ° C and especially 70 to 85 ° C.
- the air outlet temperature is preferably between 60 and 120 ° C, in particular below 80 ° C.
- a starting material which serves as an initial carrier for the sprayed surfactant paste.
- Suitable starting compounds are the surfactant granules optionally containing carrier materials themselves, which have already been obtained in a preceding process sequence, or the carrier materials can be used as starting material.
- surfactant granules obtained with a particle size in the range between 0.1 and 1.6 mm are already used as starting material from one of the preceding process sequences.
- the granules obtained from the fluidized bed are then preferably cooled in a separate fluidized bed and classified by means of a sieve into granules with particle sizes between 0.1 and 1.6 mm as a good grain fraction and in granules above 1.6 mm as an oversize fraction, while particles below 0, 1 mm already in the fluidized bed in an exhaust filter during drying, separated there from the exhaust air and then fed as seed material back into the fluidized bed.
- the oversize fraction is ground and also returned to the fluidized bed.
- the surfactant granules are considered to be dried, provided that the content of free water is preferably below 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 2% by weight, based in each case on the finished granules.
- surfactant granules are obtained with high bulk density, preferably above 500 g / l and in particular between 550 and 1000 g / l.
- the active substance content varies depending on the addition of carrier materials used and in particular is more than 50% by weight, preferably between 85 and 98% by weight.
- the surfactant granules obtained by the process of the invention are pH neutral, i. after dissolution of the surfactant granules in water, the aqueous solution has a pH between 7 and 9.5. Furthermore, the surfactant granules are dust-free and pourable and not or barely tacky, so that they are easy to handle in big bags and siliertransport.
- the granules according to the invention may be present in customary amounts, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on average.
- the surfactant granules produced according to the invention are preferably suitable for the preparation of pH-neutral detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaners, such as pH-neutral powder cleaners and pH-neutral soaps, and also detergents, such as toilet stones, mixed with dyes.
- the pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents may be in powdery, granulated or particulate form.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 8.8 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granules were stored at 80 ° C. for 72 hours in a porcelain dish in a drying oven. After this time, no gray specks could be detected in the product.
- Example 1 10,000 kg of a 65 wt .-% sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) containing aqueous paste with a free alkali content of 0.1 wt .-% sodium hydroxide continuously injected with 2000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C in the fluidized bed plant (SKET plant), wherein the drying air had on entering the fluidized bed at a temperature of 180 ° C, at the outlet of 90 ° C.
- the fluidized bed had a temperature of 70 ° C. 24 kg of a 25% aq.
- Ammonia solution was mixed by means of a forced-controlled Multi-piston metering pump fed continuously together with the aqueous surfactant paste in the fluidized bed of the SKET system.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.5 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granules were stored at 80 ° C. for 72 hours in a porcelain dish in a drying oven. After this time, no gray specks could be detected in the product.
- Example 1 10,000 kg of a 65 wt .-% sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) containing aqueous paste with a free alkali content of 0.1 wt .-% sodium hydroxide continuously injected with 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C in the fluidized bed plant (SKET plant), wherein the drying air had on entering the fluidized bed at a temperature of 160 ° C, at the outlet of 90 ° C.
- the fluidized bed had a temperature of 60 ° C.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.2 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granules were stored at 80 ° C. for 72 hours in a porcelain dish in a drying oven. After this time, gray specks appeared isolated in the product, which were isolated and had an acidic pH.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Claims (7)
- Procédé pour la préparation de granulats d'agents tensioactifs, la solution aqueuse après la dissolution dans de l'eau présentant un pH entre 7 et 9,5, par granulation et séchage simultané d'une composition d'agents tensioactifs aqueuse, contenant des agents tensioactifs anioniques sous forme de sel dans une couche tourbillonnante, caractérisé en ce qu'on ajoute, avant ou pendant la granulation et le séchage simultané, des bases volatiles, sous forme des solutions aqueuses, en des quantités de 0,05 à 5% en poids - par rapport à la substance active des agents tensioactifs anioniques dans la composition aqueuse d'agents tensioactifs.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme compositions aqueuses d'agents tensioactifs des pâtes aqueuses d'agents tensioactifs anioniques présentant une teneur en agents tensioactifs de 25 à 90% en poids - par rapport à la pâte.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme agents tensioactifs anioniques des sulfates d'alcools gras comprenant 6 à 22 atomes de carbone sous forme de leurs sels.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme agents tensioactifs anioniques des sulfates d'oxoalcools comprenant 6 à 15 atomes de carbone sous forme de leurs sels.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme base volatile de l'ammoniaque aqueuse.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la granulation et le séchage simultané sont réalisés en mélangeant un ou plusieurs solides inorganiques et/ou organiques.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la granulation et le séchage simultané sont réalisés dans une couche tourbillonnante continue (procédé SKET), où l'évacuation des granulats de la couche tourbillonnante est réalisée via une classification des grosseurs.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853893 | 1998-11-23 | ||
DE19853893A DE19853893A1 (de) | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
PCT/EP1999/008763 WO2000031230A1 (fr) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | Procede de production de granules tensioactifs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1131400A1 EP1131400A1 (fr) | 2001-09-12 |
EP1131400B1 true EP1131400B1 (fr) | 2010-12-22 |
Family
ID=7888656
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99963299A Expired - Lifetime EP1131400B1 (fr) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | Procede de production de granules tensioactifs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1131400B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE492626T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE19853893A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2357380T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000031230A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022238210A1 (fr) | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-17 | Basf Se | Sulfates d'éther à base de mélanges d'alcools tridécyliques isomères |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2801606A1 (fr) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-12 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Particule séchée par pulvérisation comprenant du sulfate |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4216629A1 (de) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung aniontensidhaltiger Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
DE4304062A1 (de) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-08-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
DE19707649C1 (de) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-10-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Waschmittelrohstoffen |
DE19710152C2 (de) * | 1997-03-12 | 1999-04-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aniontensidgranulaten |
-
1998
- 1998-11-23 DE DE19853893A patent/DE19853893A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-11-13 WO PCT/EP1999/008763 patent/WO2000031230A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1999-11-13 ES ES99963299T patent/ES2357380T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-13 EP EP99963299A patent/EP1131400B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-13 DE DE59915230T patent/DE59915230D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-13 AT AT99963299T patent/ATE492626T1/de active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022238210A1 (fr) | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-17 | Basf Se | Sulfates d'éther à base de mélanges d'alcools tridécyliques isomères |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE492626T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
DE19853893A1 (de) | 2000-05-25 |
ES2357380T3 (es) | 2011-04-25 |
DE59915230D1 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
WO2000031230A1 (fr) | 2000-06-02 |
EP1131400A1 (fr) | 2001-09-12 |
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