EP1127196B1 - Suction dredge for receiving and separating suction material such as soil or sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a suction dredge for receiving and separating suction material (12, 12') with a pneumatic suction turbine (5) which is connected to a collecting tank (1). A suction tube (7) leads into said collecting tank and a large part of the suction material is fed into said tank. The suction dredge also comprises a filter chamber (2) with a plurality of filters (10, 10') through which the suction air flow (11, 11', 11'') is guided for fine-filtering. The collecting tank and the filter chamber are separated by a partition (8) which comprises a through-hole (9) for the suction air flow. Said suction air flow (11, 11', 11'') is directed to the upper part of the wall (25) of the collecting tank opposite the partition (8). Said through-hole (9) of the partition is located in the upper part thereof so that a cyclone-type suction air current about a vertical axis is produced in the collecting tank. The suction air flow impacts the filter (10, 10') in a substantially vertical direction. The inlet of the air suction flow into the collecting tank and the outlet of the suction air flow (13) from the filters are displaced from one another by 180 DEG to 270 DEG .

Description

Technical area:

The invention relates to a suction dredger for receiving suction material, such as Soil on buried pipes or sludge, with a pneumatic Suction turbine, which is connected to a collecting container for the sucked-up suction material is in which an outwardly projecting proboscis to pick up the suction material opens and in a large part of the suction material from the suction air stream separates and with a subsequent collection of the container Filter chamber with a plurality of filters through which the suction air flow to Feinfilterunggeführt, wherein collecting container and filter chamber by a Dividing wall are separated from each other, which at least one passage for the Suction air flow, and the suction air flow from the mouth of the suction pipe into the sump on top of the wall opposite the bulkhead Collection container is directed and the passage of the Partition is located in the upper part of the same, and in the collecting container Entering enriched with suction material suction air flow from the of the Filtering separated purified suction air flow is separated, according to the preamble of claim 1. Also, the invention relates to a method for recording and separating suction material according to the preamble of claim 13.

State of the art:

By EP 0368129-A1 a suction excavator has become known, consisting of a pneumatic suction proboscis, one of its suction forming hollow cylindrical Tool for breaking up the soil and a collecting container exists in the mouth of the proboscis and in which most of the soil is separated from the suction air stream. To the collection container is a Suction fan connected, wherein after the collecting a filter is arranged, through which the suction air flow is sucked and in which the remaining soil is filtered out of the suction air stream.

By EP 0613983 B1 is further a suction dredger for targeted Picking up of suction material, in particular for excavating earth on underground Lines have become known, the pneumatic proboscis has to pick up the suction material and a collection container for the sucked up suction material into which the proboscis empties and in which a large part the suction material is separated from the suction air stream. To the collection container a suction fan is connected, being between the mouth of the Sucker into the sump and the suction fan a filter device which comprises a fine filter and an upstream coarse filter. Of the The coarse filter is formed by a labyrinthine flow channel, in which the suction air flow is deflected several times strong. This is the Flow channel bounded by mutually offset partitions, with are arranged at different distances such that the flow cross-section of the flow channel increases in the flow direction. The Partitions are arranged vertically and parallel to each other, wherein the Deflecting flow alterna tely close to the upper wall or near the Bottom of the collection take place.

By JP-58222231 and JP-58222223 similar suction dredger for targeted picking up of suction material, in particular for excavating soil underground cables become known. The excavator has one pneumatic suction nozzle for picking up the suction material, a collecting container for the sucked-up suction material into which the proboscis opens and in the the suction material is separated from the suction air flow and a to the Suction tank connected suction fan and one between the mouth arranged the suction pipe in the sump and the suction fan Filter device comprising fine filters. These fine filters is a coarse filter upstream, consisting of a room whose bottom surface below the Fine filters act as coarse filters, so that here larger or heavier particles, which could still pass the sump, still from the Separate suction air flow and go to the ground. The coarse filter consists of one single, labyrinthine flow channel, in which the suction air flow in Area of the beginning of the flow channel, coming from the sump is deflected by more than 90 degrees from top to bottom, at the End of this flow channel through a deeply drawn down sidewall now turned 180 degrees from bottom to top to the fine filters too become. The flow cross-section spreads in the flow direction.

By the reference tis civil engineering civil engineering road construction, preliminary reports bauma 98, 3 March 1998, Bertelsmann magazines, is a suction dredger become known according to the type mentioned, in which the proboscis approximately in the middle of the top opens into the collection and on the top Area of the partition wall opposite wall of the collecting container directed, wherein the passage of the partition wall also in the upper region the same is located approximately centrally, so that within the collection container forms a Saugluftströmung about a horizontal axis.

The known suction dredgers have the disadvantage that they due to the multiple Reversal of the suction air flow energy consuming and large-sized Need suction fan. Furthermore, the filters are difficult to clean, because they are flowed from bottom to top, so that the largest Pollution at the bottom of the filter takes place and the filters frequently need to be cleaned, including irrigation systems are known. Due to the Multiple chambers or Strömumgskanäle are the known suction dredger space-consuming, which is particularly true of mobile, vehicle-mounted suction dredgers, nachteiligist.

Technical task:

The invention is based on the object, a method for targeted Picking up suction material as well as creating an excavator in which a good Separation of the absorbed suction material is ensured without the filter too dirty, with a good cleaning of the filter during the ongoing excavation operation should be guaranteed.

Disclosure of the invention and its advantages:

The solution of the problem according to the inventiondarinin that the junction of the Saugrüssels done laterally above in the collection and the passage of the Dividing wall opposite the confluence of the sinkhole 180 degrees offset is located in the upper corner and within the partition wall as far as possibly located away from the junction, so that the Saugluftströmung to a vertical axis within the collecting container cyclone moves, and the suction air flow is guided so that it filters in the filter chamber in Essentially flows horizontally and flows through it.

The suction dredger according to the invention has the advantage that this over a long Time span ensures a good separation of the sucked up suction material, without the filters pollute too much and without the suction power is significantly reduced.

Advantageously, the suction air flow rotates cyclone-like about a vertical axis or both a horizontal and a vertical axis, so that the resulting Axis runs obliquely or the air vortex obliquely.

The majority of the soil in the suction air stream is already in the Collecting container deposited. The then still in the suction air stream Particles that are still entrained by the suction air flow, because they due their relatively low mass of the cyclone-like deflection of the suction air flow from bottom to top, flow over the top of the Passage of the partition away and get substantially horizontal Trajectory into the filter chamber, in which a plurality of filters for Fine filtration of the suction air flow are located. The filters are thus flows in accordance with the invention substantially horizontally.

Likewise, the suction dredger is designed to save space and requires less Energy for the suction process, as a comparable dredger of the prior Technology. After the suction air flow together with the entrained Suction material has entered the collecting tank over the proboscis, finds there due to the gravity of the entrained particles a first pre-separation instead, so that the collection represents a coarse filter. Those particles, which due to their over the suction air flow greater mass a strong Inertia or inertia, bounce while releasing their energy against the wall of the collecting container or from above on the bottom thereof and against the partition and remain in the Sammmelbehälter so that they out excreted the suction air flow.

The mouth of the suction pipe takes place laterally above in the collecting container, wherein the passage of the partition opposite the mouth of the suction pipe arranged offset by 180 degrees, so that the Saugluftströmung according to the invention about a vertical axis within the collecting container cyclone-like with vertebrae moving and making it a more or less oblique inclined axis of the air vortex results. The passage is located in the partition wall in the upper quarter of the same.

The filter chamber consists of a filter chamber in which the filters are arranged are, and from an anteroom in front of the filters into which the passage of the partition opens, the filters are arranged laterally to the passage. there is the passage of the partition between the reservoir and filter chamber according to the invention in the upper corner or in the upper region of the dividing wall to the anteroom and the side of the filter room, so that the through the Passage through suction air flow to the filters out by about 180 degrees is diverted. Filter chamber and vestibule can also coincide.

For separating the sucked air enriched with suction material from the cleaned Saugluftstrom open the suction air donating ends of the filter in a separate channel, passing through the top of the collection container to Suction turbine is guided. This is a simple structural design and Guidance of the two suction air streams possible. Likewise, this makes it easier Structural design of the incoming, contaminated with soil suction air flow and the outgoing, filtered suction air stream strictly separated.

Are advantageous before and / or laterally in front of the filters along the filter and in the Distance to the same to protect the filter against flying debris Arranged baffles, which are suspended, for example resiliently, in particular by means of springs, wherein the baffles can be baffles. Likewise, the baffles can be made of an elastic material, such as plastic, and hanging only hanging down. Above each filter, an air nozzle is arranged on each of the air supply pipes attached with compressed air from one to the air supply pipes a valve connected compressed air tank are filled.

The filters are in the filter chamber at equidistant intervals in rows arranged at equal intervals, the baffles of the first, streamed row of filters in front of the filters, the baffles of the underlying rows of filters are each disposed laterally of the filters and consist of two parts, so that the suction air flows between the Prallschildenbzw. Filters are able to flow through it. Advantageously the suction dredger should be mounted on a transport vehicle as well as the Suction dredger can be designed as a portable and separate container, the next to it is tiltable about an axis.

A method for picking up and separating up soak, such as soil buried pipes or sludge, with the aid of a suction dredger with a pneumatic suction turbine attached to a collecting container for the suctioned Suction is connected, in which an outwardly projecting proboscis leads to the intake of the suction material and into which a large part of the Suction material from the suction air flow separates and with a collecting container subsequent filter chamber with a plurality of filters through which the suction air flow is led to the fine filtering, wherein collecting container and Filter chamber separated by a partition, which at least has a passage for the suction air flow, and the suction air flow from the confluence of the suction pipe into the collecting container on the upper area directed the Trennw and opponent overlying wall of the collection container is and the passage of the partition is in the upper region thereof, and the suction air stream enriched with suction material entering the sump separated from the purified suction air stream leaving the filters is, is characterized in that the suction air flow from the mouth of the Sucker in the sump essentially cyclonic about a vertical Axis is guided within the collection container.

In terms of the method, the suction air flow is preferred to the upper region of the the partition wall opposite wall of the collecting container directed and flows into one of the upper corners of the dividing wall into the collecting container a, wherein the passage of the partition wall in the opposite upper Corner of the partition is located so that within the collecting container the Suction air flow cyclonic about a vertical axis rotating to the passage and flowing out through the passage in the filter chamber.

Brief description of the drawing, in which:

FIG. 1

a schematic diagram of the suction dredge in a perspective view

FIG. 2

a suction dredger, which is designed as a transport vehicle

FIG. 3

an enlarged side view of Figure 1

FIG. 4

a plan view of the collecting container and the filter chamber for separating the loaded suction flow from the purified suction flow

FIG. 5

a section along the line A-A in Figure 3

FIG. 6

a series of filters with compressed air and

FIG. 7

a plan view of the filter with movably suspended baffles.

Ways to carry out the invention:

According to FIG. 1, there is a suction dredge for receiving suction material 12, 12 '. by suction air 11, 11 ', 11 "in principle from a pneumatic suction turbine. 5 with silencer 16, attached to a cuboid or cylindrical Sump 1 is connected to the sucked up suction, in which an outwardly projecting suction snout 7 (Figure 2) for receiving the suction material empties. The collecting container 1 has a suction turbine 5 facing wall 25, one of this wall 25 opposite partition 8, behind which is a Filter chamber 2 is located and a bottom 26 and an upper top wall. 4 Above the top wall 4 is an air duct 3 for the Discharge of the cleaned suction air to the suction turbine 5. The filter chamber 2 consists of an actual filter space 27, in which filter 10, 10 ' arranged, preferably vertically suspended, are, and an anteroom fourteenth in front of the filters 10, 10 ', so that the filters 10, 10' with respect to the filter chamber second asymmetrically within the filter chamber 2 and laterally after the passage. 9 are arranged. The upper ends 28 of the filters 10, 10 ', preferably are elongated filter cartridges, pierce the top wall 4 and open in the air duct 3 above the top wall. 4

In the example shown, the side or end wall 6 of the filter chamber. 2 penetrated by the suction nozzle 7 laterally above in a corner. The proboscis 7 can be guided by the air duct 3, where he then the Top wall 4 down to the collection container 1 down, for example obliquely, pierces. The partition 8 has in an upper corner region, the preferably the passage of the suction pipe 7 through the partition 8 so far as possible is removed, a passage 9 for the passage of the suction air the collecting container 1 in the filter chamber. 2

The suction air flow 11,11 ', 11 "from the mouth of the suction pipe 7 in the Sump 1 is on the upper portion of the partition 8 opposite wall 25 of the collecting container or at least obliquely directed downward from the top wall 4 in the direction of the wall 5. there Within the collecting container 1, the suction air flow 11, 11 ', 11 "is formed. cyclone-like about a horizontal axis from above the wall 25 along the same down to the ground 26 and along it in the direction the partition 8 and ascending at the same to the passage 9 of the partition 8th and outflow through the passage in the filter chamber 2 from. In that the The mouth of the suction pipe 7 takes place laterally into the collecting container 1 and the passage 9 of the partition wall 8 opposite the mouth of the suction pipe arranged offset by 180 degrees and within the partition wall 8 as far as is possible away from the junction, the Saugluftströmung moves 11, 11 ', 11 "cyclone also about a vertical axis within the Collecting container 1, resulting in a resulting, more or less oblique extending axis 29 of the air vortex or the Saugluftströmung results.

By the suction air flow 11, 11 ', 11 "generated by the suction turbine 5 separates in the sump 1 due to gravity, a large part 12 of the Suction material from the suction air flow 11, 11 ', 11 "from Suction air flow passed into the antechamber 14 and flows the filters 10, 10 'in the essentially horizontal. The entry of the enriched with suction material Suction air flow 11, 11 ', 11 "in the reservoir 1 and the outlet of the cleaned suction air flow 13 from the filters 10, 10 'are 180 degrees to 270 Degree, preferably by 270 degrees, offset from each other, the two Suction air streams are separated from each other. This will be a highly effective, asymmetric airflow filter system achieved what a prerequisite for the cyclone effect within the sump 1.

For the separation of the sucked air enriched suction air flow 11, 11 ', 11 "from cleaned suction air flow 13 open the cleaned suction 13 issuing Ends 28 of the filter 10,10 'in the air duct 3, which according to the Figures 2 to 4 is designed as a separate channel 15, through the upper Area of the collecting container 1 is guided to the suction turbine 5. From the figures 2 and 3 is in particular the rotation of the suction air flow around a horizontal Axis, from the figure 4, the rotation of the suction air flow around a vertical Axis visible, leaving a resulting, more or less oblique extending axis 29 results, as indicated in Figure 1.

According to FIG. 7, in front of and / or laterally in front of the filters 10, 10 'are located along the Filter extending and spaced therefrom arranged baffles 20, 21st to protect the filters against flying suction material. These baffles are for Example baffles, which are resilient, for example by means of springs 22 and are suspended by means of oscillating spring elements. The baffles 20, 21 prevent a direct impact of suction material on the filter. The baffles can also be elastic in itself and, for example, from a flexible Plastic material. The baffles of the foremost row in the suction direction are preferably in one piece, those of the underlying rows vor-. preferably designed in two pieces and laterally left and right of each filter arranged. The baffles cause further failure of suction material 12 'in FIG the filter chamber 2, because the remaining larger particles in the suction of the Saugluftstroms when bouncing against the baffles energy loss suffer and thereby excrete from the suction air flow and fall to the ground. As a result, the filters behind the baffles are relatively lightly loaded Suction air supplied, which is introduced into the individual filter lines targeted and the Filtering is supplied.

A pneumatic cleaning system of the filters 10, 10 'is shown in FIG. Above each filter 10, 10 ', an air nozzle 19 is arranged in each case, which are jointly attached to air supply pipes 18, which are out with compressed air a compressed air tank connected to the air supply pipes via a valve 17 are filled to clean the filters. In this case, the countercurrent principle Applied in an advantageous manner from top to bottom be cleaned, since the filters in the horizontal used here Flow, preferably still in the upper region of the filter, experience has shown above pollute faster than below, so that the top lying Cleaning system at the places of greatest pollution attacks above.

The filters 10, 10 'are uniformly and substantially horizontally flowed. For this purpose, the filters are within the filter chamber 27 at equidistant intervals arranged in rows at equal intervals. The baffles 20 of the first, streamed series of filters are in front of the filters and slightly laterally of which, the baffles 21 of the underlying rows of filters each side arranged the filter and consist according to Figure 7 of two parts, so that the Suction air streams 23, 23 'are able to flow through between the filters. This creates a turbulence on the baffles with targeted air reversal, thereby further separating finest suspended particles from the Suction air takes place, which in turn leads to only slightly polluted air at the Filter surface leads. The passage 9 of the partition 8 is located between Sump 1 and filter chamber 2 in the upper corner or in the upper area the partition 8 toward the antechamber 14 and the side of the filter chamber 27, so that the suction air flow passing through the passage to the filters 10, 10 ' is deflected by about 90 degrees.

According to FIGS. 2 to 4, the suction dredger is mounted on a transport vehicle 16 mounted, with the suction dredger as a portable and separate container is designed which is tiltably supported about a lateral axis to the Emptying collecting container 1 and the filter chamber 2. By the positioning the filter is a complete emptying of the transport container possible. Under the filter sedimented, sticky or muddy suction 12 is at Tipping the container completely emptied.

Industrial Applicability: The invention is particularly useful for suction dredgers Picking up and separating of suction material industrially applicable. The invention ensures the cleaning of the suction air in accordance with the legal requirements in an advantageous manner Regulations, as in Germany Technical Instructions Air.

List of reference numbers :

1

Clippings

2

filter chamber

3

Air space

4

top wall

5

suction turbine

6

Side or end wall of the filter chamber

7

proboscis

8th

partition wall

9

Passage

10, 10 '

filter

11, 11 ', 11 "

loaded suction air

12, 12 '

dirt in

13

cleaned suction air

14

anteroom

15

channel

16

silencer

17

Compressed air tank

18

Air supply pipes

19

air nozzles

20, 21

impact shields

22

feathers

23, 23 ', 24

suction air

25

Wall of the collection container

26

ground

27

filter chamber

28

Ends of the filters

29

resulting oblique axis of the suction air

Claims (14)

1. A suction dredge to pick up material to be suctioned (12, 12'), such as soil above lines buried underground, or slurries, said suction device having a pneumatic suction turbine (5) that is connected to a collecting tank (1) for the suctioned material, with a suction arm (7) whose one end enters said tank while the other end extends to the outside and that serves to pick up the suctioned material, whereby a large part (12) of the suctioned material from the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is depoited in said collecting tank (1), and having a filter chamber (2) downstream from the collecting tank with a plurality of filters (10, 10') through which the suction air stream passes so as to undergo fine filtration, whereby the collecting tank and the filter chamber are separated from each other by a partition wall (8) that has at least one opening (9) for the suction air stream, and the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is directed from the entry point of the suction arm (7) into the collecting tank (1) towards the upper area of the wall (25) opposite from the partition wall (8), and the opening (9) of the partition wall is in the upper area thereof, and the suction air stream laden with suctioned material that is entering the collecting tank is separated from the filtered suction air stream (13) coming from the filters,
   characterized in that the suction arm (7) enters the collecting tank (1) laterally at the top and the opening (9) of the partition wall (8) is arranged opposite from the entry point of the suction arm, offset by 180 degrees, in the upper corner area and inside the partition wall (8) as far away from the entry point as possible, so that the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") moves like a cyclone around a perpendicular axis inside the collecting tank, and said suction air stream is oriented in such a way that it flows essentially horizontally against and through the filters (10, 10') in the filter chamber (2).
2. The suction dredge according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the filter chamber (2) consists of a filtering area (27), in which the filters (10, 10') are arranged, and of an antechamber (14) upstream from the filters into which the opening (9) of the partition wall (8) opens up, whereby the filters are arranged inside the filter area laterally beyond the opening.
3. The suction dredge according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that, in order to separate the suction air stream laden with suctioned material from the filtered suction air stream (13), the ends of the filters (10, 10') that release the suction air open up into a separate conduit (3, 15) that leads through the upper area of the collecting tank (1) to the suction turbine (5).
4. The suction dredge according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that, in front of and/or laterally in front of the filters (10, 10'), there are impact shields (20, 21) such as, for example, impact plates, arranged along the filters and at a distance from each other in order to protect the filters from flying suctioned material.
5. The suction dredge according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that the impact shields (20, 21) are suspended spring-elastically, for example, by means of springs (22).
6. The suction dredge according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that the impact shields (20, 21) themselves are elastic and are made, for example, of a flexible plastic material.
7. The suction dredge according to one of Claims 2 to 6,
   characterized in that, above each of the filters (10, 10'), there is an air nozzle (19) that is attached to air intake tubes (18) that are filled with pressurized air from a compressed air tank (17) that is connected to the air intake tubes via a valve in order to clean the filters.
8. The suction dredge according to one of Claims 4 or 5 or 6,
   characterized in that the filters (10, 10') are arranged inside the filter area (27) at equidistant intervals in equally spaced rows and the impact shields (20) of the first exposed row of filters are arranged in front of the filters while the impact shields (21) of the rows of filters behind are arranged laterally from the filters, so that the suction air streams (23, 23') are able to flow between the impact shields.
9. The suction dredge according to Claim 3,
   characterized in that the opening (9) of the partition wall (8) is located between the collecting tank (1) and the filter chamber (2) is in the upper corner or in the upper area of the partition wall towards the antechamber (14) and laterally from the filter area (27) so that the suction air stream passing through the opening towards the filters (10, 10') is deflected by about 90 degrees.
10. The suction dredge according to Claim 8,
    characterized in that the impact shields (21) of the back rows of filters after the first row consist of two parts and they are arranged to the left and right laterally from the filters.
11. The suction dredge according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it is configured as a transportable and separate container and is mounted onto a transportation vehicle (16).
12. The suction dredge according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that the container is secured so that it can be tipped around a lateral axis.
13. A process to pick up and separate suctioned material (12, 12'), such as soil above lines buried underground, or slurries, that makes use of a suction dredge equipped with a pneumatic suction turbine (5) that is connected to a collecting tank (1) for the suctioned material, with a suction arm (7) whose one end enters said tank while the other end extends to the outside and that serves to pick up the suctioned material, whereby a large part (12) of the suctioned material from the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is deposited in said collecting tank (1), and having a filter chamber (2) downstream from the collecting tank (1) with a plurality of filters (10, 10') through which the suction air stream passes so as to undergo fine filtration, whereby the collecting tank and the filter chamber are separated from each other by a partition wall (8) that has at least one opening (9) for the suction air stream, and the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is directed from the entry point of the sution arm (7) into the collecting tank (1) towards the upper area of the wall (25) opposite from the partition wall (8), and the opening (9) of the partition wall is in the upper area thereof, and the suction air stream laden with suctioned material that is entering the collecting tank is separated from the filtered suction air stream (13) coming from the filters,
    characterized in that the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is fed from the entry point of the suction arm (7) into the collecting tank (1) essentially like a cyclone around a perpendicular axis inside the collecting tank (1).
14. The process according to Claim 13,
    characterized in that the suction air stream (11, 11', 11") is directed onto the upper area of the wall (25) of the collecting tank opposite from the partition wall (8) and it enters the collecting tank (1) at one of the upper comers of the partition wall and the opening (9) of the partition wall is located in the opposite upper corner of the partition wall, so that, inside the collecting tank, the suction air stream moves like a cyclone, rotating around a perpendicular axis, so as to pass through and flow out via the opening (9) into the filter chamber (2).

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