EP1124209B1 - Détecteur de présence - Google Patents

Détecteur de présence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1124209B1
EP1124209B1 EP00102834A EP00102834A EP1124209B1 EP 1124209 B1 EP1124209 B1 EP 1124209B1 EP 00102834 A EP00102834 A EP 00102834A EP 00102834 A EP00102834 A EP 00102834A EP 1124209 B1 EP1124209 B1 EP 1124209B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detector
presence detector
threshold value
monitoring
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00102834A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1124209A1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Dr. Müller
Markus Dr. Loepfe
Dieter Wieser
Martin Dr. Allemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to DE50012649T priority Critical patent/DE50012649D1/de
Priority to AT00102834T priority patent/ATE324644T1/de
Priority to EP00102834A priority patent/EP1124209B1/fr
Priority to EP00119625A priority patent/EP1124210B1/fr
Priority to AT00119625T priority patent/ATE391977T1/de
Priority to DE50015089T priority patent/DE50015089D1/de
Publication of EP1124209A1 publication Critical patent/EP1124209A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1124209B1 publication Critical patent/EP1124209B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B19/00—Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a presence detector with a detector housing, a pyrosensor, with means consisting of individual focusing elements for focusing the falling from the space to be monitored on the detector heat radiation to the pyrosensor, and with a transmitter for evaluating the signals of the pyrosensor.
  • These presence detectors are in principle passive infrared detectors, which detect, based on the signal of the pyrosensor, movements of heat sources which differ from the ambient temperature in the interstitial space (see, for example, EP-A-0 303 913).
  • passive infrared detectors are available today in many designs and at low prices, but they are able to dormant, for example, working on a PC, people, poorly or not at all, and are therefore only very limited suitable for use as a presence detector in offices ,
  • occupancy detectors available on the market have gaps of 50 cm and more in their horizontal and / or vertical direction between their active zones from which radiation is incident on the pyrosensor.
  • head or hand movements of seated persons can not be reliably detected.
  • the presence monitors used for the lighting circuit have a much too long dead time of about 30 minutes, so that they bring in large buildings with many person movements virtually no energy savings.
  • the passive infrared detectors available on the market today it is not possible to even roughly estimate the number of people present in a room.
  • thermopile technology used (see European Patent Application 98 115 476.8), then the presence detector can indeed detect dormant objects that have a temperature difference to the environment but also to warm objects, such as radiators, computers or sun-exposed areas, address.
  • these sensor arrays are still very expensive at sufficiently high resolution, at least at present.
  • a presence detector is now to be specified, which also reliably detects sitting persons and can distinguish them from warm objects in the room.
  • the presence detector should also be able to estimate the occupancy rate of a room.
  • this object is achieved in that the focusing elements are split in azimuthal and elevational direction into a number of subelements, so that monitoring areas with sub-zones partially overlapping each other with subregions of different signal weight are formed in the interstitial space.
  • the splitting of the focusing elements according to the invention leads to a denser overlapping of the monitoring space with a reduction of the gaps between the individual monitoring areas.
  • the monitoring areas are known to be images of the so-called flakes or sensor elements of the pyrosensor on the floor or a wall of the interstitial space.
  • a plurality of mutually partially overlapping images arises from the originally one image of each flake (monitoring region) with homogeneous signal weight, ie a widened and / or elongated image with subregions of different signal weight.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the presence detector according to the invention is characterized in that the transmitter has an adaptive detection threshold with a high and a low threshold value, wherein the high threshold value corresponds to the sensor signal caused by the person entering the interception space and the low threshold value is slightly above the electronic threshold Noise is present, and any overshoot of the high threshold is interpreted as an indication of a person's presence and activates the detector output for a particular activation time.
  • a second preferred embodiment is characterized in that a few minutes after exceeding the high threshold, a switch to the low threshold, and that any overshoot of the low threshold is also interpreted as an indication of the presence of a person and activates the detector output for a certain activation time.
  • a third preferred embodiment is characterized in that said activation time is between three and fifteen, preferably five, minutes, and that after a activation time of several hours, preferably after half an working day, exceeding the high threshold value is required, which said several hours Activation time restarts.
  • the detector output is not activated and the lighting is not switched on. In this state, an activation of the detector output can only take place when the sensor signal exceeds the high threshold, so when a person enters the interstitial space. In this case, the detector output is activated and switched on, for example, the lighting and possibly other conditioning facilities of the interstitial space.
  • the high threshold is lowered to the low threshold and it is searched for small signals, as they are performed by small movements of sedentary people. Any such small movement causes the sensor signal to exceed the low threshold, thereby activating the detector output for the said activation time of preferably five minutes. If, within this activation time, the low threshold is exceeded again, a new activation time of five minutes is started, etc. If not, it is assumed that there is no person in the monitoring room and the light is switched off. As can easily be seen, the adaptive detection threshold has the great advantage that the light of empty rooms is switched off very quickly, so that substantial energy savings can be achieved. At the same time, however, it is ensured that the light is not extinguished in the presence of even sedentary persons.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the presence detector according to the invention is characterized by a plurality of pyrosensors, each of which is provided for monitoring a specific discrete area of the interstitial space, wherein the processing of the signals of the individual pyrosensors takes place in separate channels.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the presence detector according to the invention is characterized by a fire detector coupled to the presence detector, wherein both detectors are arranged in a common housing and have common evaluation electronics.
  • This presence detector combined with a fire detector can act as a motion detector and register the passage of people, especially at night, and / or turn on the lights when a movement is detected.
  • the combined fire / presence detector is designed so that the sensitivity of the fire detector is controlled by the signal of the presence detector.
  • the latter embodiment can be used, in particular, in rooms with harsh environments, such as smoke rooms, rooms in which they are welded, or in rooms with strong haze or steam, such as showers / bathrooms in hotels, commercial kitchens, laundries, in the presence of persons select correspondingly less sensitive parameter sets for the fire detector and thereby reduce the false alarm frequency.
  • Presence detectors are available on the market and are therefore assumed to be known; In this connection, reference is made to the occupancy detector ECO-IR 360A from HTS and the occupancy detector Argus 360 from Merten. These presence detectors are in principle passive infrared detectors, which are also assumed to be known; See, for example, EP-A-0 303 913. Passive infrared detectors are particularly useful for detecting the presence or intrusion of unauthorized persons into the interstitial space by detecting the typical infrared radiation emitted by these persons, which is directed to the pyrosensor by the focusing means. Each focusing means consists of a number of focusing elements.
  • Fresnel lenses are used, which are integrated in the arranged on the monitoring space facing the front of the detector housing inlet window for the infrared radiation (see, for example, EP-A-0 559 110), or the individual segments or reflectors arranged in the interior of the detector housing Mirror (see, for example, EP-A-0 303 913).
  • multiple rows of mirror segments or reflectors are provided, each row being associated with a particular surveillance zone.
  • each monitoring zone is divided into monitoring areas and thus the space to be monitored with the detector outgoing surveillance areas is fan-shaped covered.
  • each reflector determines a surveillance area with a defined location in the surveillance space. As soon as a heat radiation emitting object penetrates into a monitoring area, the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object, the detection being safest when the object moves transversely to the monitoring area.
  • the pyrosensor is preferably a so-called standard dual-pyrosensor, as used for example in the passive infrared detectors of Siemens Building Technologies AG, Cerberus Division, formerly Cerberus AG.
  • standard dual-pyrosensors contain two heat-sensitive elements or flakes, whose images on the bottom or a wall of the interstitial space define the surveillance areas, from the border of which runs a beam to the respective flake. As soon as a heat radiation emitting object crosses such a bundle of rays, or in other words penetrates into a monitoring space, the sensor detects the heat radiation emitted by this object.
  • passive infra-red detectors when used for intrusion monitoring, are usually mounted on a wall or in a corner of the room to be monitored
  • presence detectors such as fire detectors
  • Such a passive infrared detector for ceiling mounting is described for example in DE-A-195 17 517.
  • the function of the presence detector is the type of installation, whether on the wall or on the ceiling, but secondary.
  • FIG. 1a shows a map F, F 'of the two flakes of a dual-pyrosensor on a wall or on the ground at a certain distance from the detector.
  • Each map F, F ' corresponds to a surveillance area.
  • the signal weight is the same over the entire surface, and there is a relatively wide gap L between the two images F and F '.
  • the width of a picture F or F' is about 25 cm and the width of the image by the mutual distance between the flakes certain gap L between the figures also 25 cm.
  • the fineness of the covering of the soil is limited by the geometrical dimensions of the flakes of the pyrosensor. It can be seen that a small hand movement within the border of an image F or F 'or within the gap L does not result in a detectable signal change on the pyrosensor and is therefore not detected.
  • a denser overlap of the interstitial space can be achieved according to FIG. 1 b by splitting each monitoring area F, F 'into nm subzones F 1 to F 4 and F 1 ' to F 4 'with, for example, n ⁇ 2, m ⁇ 2.
  • Such a splitting is obtained by splitting each focusing element (mirror element or Fresnel lens) into nm subelements whose elevation and azimuth can be easily staggered around elevation and azimuth of the output element.
  • the optical aperture of a subzone then represents its signal weight on the pyrosensor.
  • each monitoring area F, F ' is split into 2.2 subzones with an azimuthal shift of half the width of the flak image and a radial displacement of half a length of the flak image.
  • F 'this results in four subzones F 1 to F 4 and F 1 ' to F 4 ', respectively, resulting in an elongated and widened image of the flakes which, depending on the number of superimposed subzones, have subregions of different signal weights.
  • the gap L 'between the surveillance spaces is much narrower than the gap L in Fig. 1a.
  • the subregions of different signal weight are marked in FIG. 1 b by different hatchings.
  • No hatching means that there is no overlay in the subdomain concerned, subdomains overlapping two subzones are simply hatched and those subdividing four subzones double.
  • This splitting into subzones has the advantage that a transition between subregions of different signal weight results in a recognizable signal of the pyrosensor.
  • the transition between a subzone F 1 to F 4 , F 1 'to F 4 ' and the surrounding area from which the pyrosensor receives no heat radiation generated a signal of the pyrosensor.
  • FIG. 2 shows the overlapping pattern of a room monitored by a presence detector of the type described in a view from above, wherein the presence detector is mounted on a wall.
  • the presence detector is equipped with a mirror arrangement S for focusing the heat radiation incident on the detector onto the pyrosensor.
  • the overlay pattern shows the surveillance areas split into subzones in a plane 90 cm from the floor of the room; this height corresponds approximately to that of a seated person.
  • the opening angle of the mirror assembly is about 110 °.
  • the splitting of the bundling elements of the mirror assembly S forming reflectors is achieved in that they do not consist of a single, continuously curved surface, but of several faces of different vertical orientation (see European Patent Application No. 99 119 496.0).
  • the width of the intrazone gaps corresponding to the gap L 'of FIG. 1b between the subzones of a surveillance area is about 10 cm and the width of the interzone gaps between the adjacent surveillance areas is about 20 cm in the center of the surveillance space (horizontal ray of S into the surveillance space).
  • Fig. 3 shows a possible embodiment of the detector optics for a to be mounted on the ceiling of the interstitial space detector in a perspective view from above, so to speak into the optics.
  • the detector optics is formed by a so-called dome lens 1, which consists of a dome-shaped carrier with a plurality of lenses 2 embedded in them.
  • the lenses 2 are more widely spaced than in reality.
  • the dome lens 1 which is made of polyethylene, is composed of three spherical segments 3, 3 ', 3 ", each of which is provided for a solid angle of 120 °
  • Each ball segment is associated with a pyrosensor with two or four flakes 2 is a quadruple lens and consists of four mutually slightly shifted sections of a convex lens of, for example, 25 mm focal length
  • the detector optics can also be formed by a dome-shaped Fresnel lens arrangement or by a mirror arrangement, wherein the covering pattern in the each monitoring room are very similar.
  • the presence detector described can be used in particular for the automatic switching on and off of the lighting and / or for demand-controlled control of room conditioning devices for heating / ventilation / air conditioning.
  • Switching the room lighting is about switching it off when a person enters an empty room and then when the person leaves a room. While powering up can be accomplished with virtually any passive infrared detector, powering off presents certain problems, mainly when the people in the room are moving very little, such as performing screen work. Since it is very uncomfortable when, despite the presence of a person in a room in which suddenly the light is turned off, today's presence detectors work with long dead times and turn off the light only 30 minutes after the last detected movement in the interstitial space. As a result, the lighting is always switched off when the last room user has gone home, which in turn means that virtually no energy savings are achieved.
  • an adaptive detection threshold This means that the walking movement of a person in the interstice (entering, walking around) is assigned a high threshold and a person sitting in the room a small threshold.
  • Such an adaptive detection threshold is designed as follows: When someone enters or goes around a room, it generates a large signal that exceeds a first, high threshold. Thereby, the detector output for the light control, for some, e.g. 5, minutes activated.
  • the threshold is lowered to a second, small value, which is slightly above the electronic noise. Now we are looking for small signals, ie small movements. Each time the second threshold is exceeded, the activation of the detector is extended by another 5 minutes. This happens until the whole activation time, for example, reaches half a working day. Then again exceeding the first threshold is required. And every time the first threshold is exceeded, the procedure starts again.
  • each of the three pyros would each monitor 120 ° in the azimuth of the interstitial space, which would divide the space into three subspaces and each pyro will provide a signal for its subspace and the detector thus provides a presence signal for each of the three subspaces.
  • a combined fire / presence detector which consists of a fire detector 4 with integrated presence detector 5 (passive infrared detector).
  • the fire detector 4 is for example a scattered light smoke detector of the type described in EP-A-0 616 305, EP-A-0 813 178 and EP-A-0 821 330, having a housing 6 which contains an optical module 7 and evaluation electronics 8.
  • the housing 6 is arched and provided in the region of its summit with smoke inlet openings 9.
  • the presence detector 5 does not necessarily have to have such a large zone density in the integration into a fire detector as for the detection of seated persons described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. It is also possible to use a passive infrared detector with a dome lens or also a so-called thimble passive infrared detector.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Détecteur de présence comportant un boîtier de détecteur, un pyrocapteur (10) avec des moyens (1) composés d'éléments de focalisation (2) individuels et destinés à focaliser sur le pyrocapteur (10) le rayonnement calorifique venant de l'espace à surveiller et tombant sur le détecteur, et une électronique d'évaluation pour évaluer les signaux du pyrocapteur (10), caractérisé en ce que les éléments de focalisation (2) sont décomposés en un nombre de sous-éléments dans la direction azimutale et dans la direction de l'élévation de sorte que se constituent, dans l'espace de surveillance, des plages de surveillance avec des sous-zones (Fn, Fn') qui se chevauchent partiellement et comportent des régions partielles ayant un poids de signal différent.
  2. Détecteur de présence selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'électronique d'évaluation comporte un seuil de détection adaptatif avec une valeur seuil haute et une valeur seuil basse, la valeur seuil haute correspondant au signal du capteur dû à la pénétration d'une personne dans l'espace de surveillance et la valeur seuil basse étant un peu au-dessus du bruit électronique et en ce que chaque dépassement de la valeur seuil haute est interprété comme indication de la présence d'une personne et active la sortie du détecteur pour un temps d'activation déterminé.
  3. Détecteur de présence selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, quelques minutes après le dépassement de la valeur seuil haute, une commutation sur la valeur seuil basse se produit, ceci activant cette dernière, et en ce que chaque dépassement de la valeur seuil basse est également interprété comme indication de la présence d'une personne et active la sortie du détecteur pour un temps d'activation déterminé.
  4. Détecteur de présence selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit temps d'activation est compris entre trois et quinze minutes et est de préférence de cinq minutes et en ce que, après un temps d'activation de plusieurs heures, de préférence après une demi-journée de travail, un dépassement de la valeur seuil haute est nécessaire, lequel lance de nouveau ledit temps d'activation long de plusieurs heures.
  5. Détecteur de présence selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite sortie activable du détecteur est prévue pour la mise en marche et la coupure de l'éclairage d'un espace et/ou pour la commande d'équipements de conditionnement de locaux.
  6. Détecteur de présence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par plusieurs pyrocapteurs dont chacun est prévu pour la surveillance d'une zone discrète déterminée de l'espace de surveillance, le traitement des signaux des pyrocapteurs individuels se faisant dans des canaux séparés.
  7. Détecteur de présence selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque zone discrète de l'espace de surveillance, on opère une estimation grossière des personnes qui y sont présentes et, sur cette base, une estimation globale des personnes qui se trouvent dans l'espace de surveillance, et en ce que la commande des équipements de conditionnement de locaux se fait à l'aide de cette estimation globale.
  8. Détecteur de présence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par un détecteur d'incendie (4) couplé au détecteur de présence (5), les deux détecteurs étant disposés dans un boîtier commun (6) et comportant une électronique d'évaluation commune (8).
  9. Détecteur de présence selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la sensibilité du détecteur d'incendie (4) est commandée à l'aide du signal du détecteur de présence (5).
EP00102834A 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Détecteur de présence Expired - Lifetime EP1124209B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50012649T DE50012649D1 (de) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Präsenzmelder
AT00102834T ATE324644T1 (de) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Präsenzmelder
EP00102834A EP1124209B1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Détecteur de présence
EP00119625A EP1124210B1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2000-09-08 Système de détection d'incendie et détecteur pour ledit système
AT00119625T ATE391977T1 (de) 2000-02-11 2000-09-08 Brandmeldesystem und brandmelder für dieses
DE50015089T DE50015089D1 (de) 2000-02-11 2000-09-08 Brandmeldesystem und Brandmelder für dieses

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00102834A EP1124209B1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Détecteur de présence

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1124209A1 EP1124209A1 (fr) 2001-08-16
EP1124209B1 true EP1124209B1 (fr) 2006-04-26

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00102834A Expired - Lifetime EP1124209B1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 Détecteur de présence

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EP (1) EP1124209B1 (fr)
AT (2) ATE324644T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE50012649D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007041548A1 (de) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Abb Ag Anwesenheitsmelder

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010276598A (ja) * 2009-04-28 2010-12-09 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 赤外線検出器および電気機器

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4636774A (en) * 1983-11-08 1987-01-13 American District Telegraph Company Variable sensitivity motion detector
CH676642A5 (fr) * 1988-09-22 1991-02-15 Cerberus Ag
GB2251700B (en) * 1990-11-30 1994-08-24 Combined Optical Ind Ltd Multiple array lens
US5486810A (en) * 1993-02-04 1996-01-23 Schwarz; Frank Infrared detector for detecting motion and fire and an alarm system including the same
KR0144897B1 (ko) * 1995-04-25 1998-08-01 김광호 에어컨디셔너용 인체정보 검출장치

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007041548A1 (de) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Abb Ag Anwesenheitsmelder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1124209A1 (fr) 2001-08-16
ATE391977T1 (de) 2008-04-15
DE50012649D1 (de) 2006-06-01
DE50015089D1 (de) 2008-05-21
ATE324644T1 (de) 2006-05-15

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