EP1123377B1 - Verfahren zum waschen von empfindlicher kleidung in einer waschmaschine - Google Patents

Verfahren zum waschen von empfindlicher kleidung in einer waschmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1123377B1
EP1123377B1 EP99956653A EP99956653A EP1123377B1 EP 1123377 B1 EP1123377 B1 EP 1123377B1 EP 99956653 A EP99956653 A EP 99956653A EP 99956653 A EP99956653 A EP 99956653A EP 1123377 B1 EP1123377 B1 EP 1123377B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
alkyl
group
detergent composition
liquid detergent
garment
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EP99956653A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1123377A1 (de
Inventor
Todd Michael Wernicke
Freddy Arthur Barnabas
Michelle Frances Mellea
John Downing Curry
Michael Peter Siklosi
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L25/00—Domestic cleaning devices not provided for in other groups of this subclass 
    • A47L25/08—Pads or the like for cleaning clothes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/162—Organic compounds containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
    • C11D3/38618—Protease or amylase in liquid compositions only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F3/00—Hand rubbing apparatus
    • D06F3/04—Hand rubbers, e.g. gloves with corrugated surfaces
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F95/00—Laundry systems or arrangements of apparatus or machines; Mobile laundries 
    • D06F95/002—Baskets or bags specially adapted for holding or transporting laundry; Supports therefor
    • D06F95/004—Bags; Supports therefor
    • D06F95/006—Bags for holding the laundry during washing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
    • C11D2111/12—Soft surfaces, e.g. textile
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
    • C11D3/2048—Dihydric alcohols branched
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
    • C11D3/2051—Dihydric alcohols cyclic; polycyclic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/02—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a product and process for laundering delicate or dry-clean only garments in a conventional home washing machine.
  • dry cleaning has been used to describe processes for cleaning textiles using non-aqueous solvents. Dry cleaning is an old art with solvent cleaning first being recorded in the United Kingdom in the 1860s. Typically, dry cleaning processes are used with delicate fabrics such as wool and silk which are subject to shrinkage in aqueous laundering baths, or which are judged to be too valuable or delicate to be subjected to aqueous laundering processes. Such garments usually have a tag affixed to them either identifying the garment as "dry clean only” or providing some other appropriate laundering tocsin. For the last fifty years, the most widely-used non-aqueous solvent of choice for commercial dry-cleaning has been perchloroethylene.
  • perchloroethylene is superior to the non-aqueous solvents that it replaced, it has several disadvantages.
  • perchloroethylene has been identified as a hazardous air pollutant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been long associated with nervous-system and kidney disorders among industrial workers.
  • perchloroethylene a "probable human carcinogen.”
  • Perchloroethylene's potential carcinogenic effects are not limited solely to industrial workers or those who operate perchloroethylene-based dry clean processes: a recent study of commercial dry cleaners in New York revealed that many of these cleaners used such high amounts of perchloroethylene to clean garments, that customers who wore freshly dry-cleaned garments could inhale enough perchloroethylene to incur a slightly increased risk of cancer.
  • dry cleaning processes utilizing perchloroethylene must be done at commercial establishments.
  • solvent-based dry cleaning processes are quite effective for removing oily soils and stains, they are not optimal for removing particulates such as clay soils or the water-soluble stains such as the sugars commonly found in many fruit drinks and carbonated beverages, and may require special treatment conditions to remove proteinaceous stains.
  • particulates and proteinaceous stains are removed from fabrics using detersive ingredients and under operating conditions which are more akin to aqueous laundering processes than to conventional dry cleaning.
  • Such aqueous laundry processes also consistently impart a "freshness” or “clean” scent to fabric, rather than the "chemical” smell that is often found when perchloroethylene or other non-aqueous solvents are used.
  • aqueous laundering process Perhaps the most widely practiced aqueous laundering process is that which the consumer performs when she or he immerses a garment into an aqueous laundry detergent solution in a conventional home washing machine. Such a process has long been shown to provide excellent performance for both stain removal and overall garment cleaning and can be performed without using hazardous or toxic chemicals. Moreover, the use of an aqueous laundering process in a conventional washing machine is considerably more convenient and inexpensive than virtually any other laundering method.
  • Wool is made up of a fibers which can interlock with one another by a series of "scales". Generally, these interlocking scales cannot move past one another and as a result wool is a relatively strong textile. However, when wool becomes wet or moistened then the water provides lubrication by which the scales may move past one another in a preferential direction if sufficient force is exerted in that direction; such force may be provided by the agitation experienced in a washing machine. When the fibers move in this preferential direction, then the wool garment shrinks.
  • Garments such as silks are also vulnerable not only to the mechanical agitation of a conventional washing machine but are also particularly vulnerable to the typical laundry detergents because such detergents may contain ingredients that are too harsh for such delicate fabrics. It is thus a further benefit of the present invention to provide an aqueous laundering process adapted for use in a conventional washing machine that is not harmful to garments made from fabrics such as wool, rayon, silk, acrylics, triacetates, fine cottons and blends of these aforementioned materials.
  • a system has been devised in the present invention to provide the traditional cleaning, brightening and freshening benefits of an aqueous laundering process without the deleterious consequences to delicate and dry-clean only fabrics described above.
  • the system uses a flexible, polymer wrap container. When a garment is secured within this container, the garment is buffered and cushioned from the force and stress caused by the agitator.
  • the system also uses liquid detergent compositions which are modified to be mild on delicate garments.
  • a first liquid detergent composition is used to pre-treat stains, to enhance the cleaning efficacy on the stains.
  • the system may provide an applicator (to distribute the pretreat compositions over the surface of the stain) and, optionally a special stain-absorbent pad which the consumer may use to pretreat a stain before it is placed in the washing machine.
  • an applicator to distribute the pretreat compositions over the surface of the stain
  • a special stain-absorbent pad which the consumer may use to pretreat a stain before it is placed in the washing machine.
  • the present invention also makes use of a second detergent composition which is a combination of both a cleaning composition and conditioner to improve color fidelity, provide anti-wrinkling benefits and reduce fabric abrasion as well as providing other fabric care benefits.
  • the present invention a process and the kit for performing that process have been found by which delicate and dry-clean only garments can be cleaned and freshened in an aqueous laundering process without damaging the garment.
  • An aqueous laundry process performed in a conventional home washing machine is particularly envisioned. Accordingly, the present invention solves the long-standing need for an inexpensive and convenient process of cleaning dry-clean only and other delicate garments in a conventional home washing machine.
  • the process of the present invention provides equal to superior overall cleaning of garments when compared to a commercial dry-cleaning establishment using perchloroethylene but without the use of hazardous chemicals or the deposition of chemical malodors on the garment.
  • An essential component of the present invention is a liquid combination washing/conditioning composition which comprises an anionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium surfactant of the structure given below, a silicone softening agent and an optionally emulsifier; the anionic surfactant to quaternary ammonium surfactant weight ratio is from about 2:1 to about 3:1.
  • the kit also comes with a flexible wrap container and instructions for using the container to launder garments in a conventional home washing machine.
  • the flexible wrap container is designed to contain and protect delicate or dry-clean only clothes from being subjected to the agitation action of a washing machine.
  • the basic part of the flexible wrap container is a flexible rectangular panel constructed of a woven polyester or woven nylon layer.
  • This process encompasses placing the fabrics and textiles within the flexible wrap container described above and then placing the flexible wrap container together with an effective amount of a liquid combination washing/conditioning composition inside a washing machine and then operating the washing machine as prescribed by the manufacturer.
  • the present invention provides a "kit” which contains the necessary materials to enable a consumer to clean delicate or dry-clean only garments in a conventional, home washing machine with superior cleaning performance but without significant damage or the adverse effects typically associated with aqueous garment cleaning.
  • the kit includes a liquid cleaning composition specially formulated for treating and cleaning delicate and dry-clean only garments, a rinse cycle conditioner and a flexible wrap container.
  • the kit may also include: a wash pretreatment composition, one or more wash pretreatment applicators, an apparatus for dispensing a rinse cycle conditioner and multiple absorbent stain receiver pads.
  • the flexible wrap container disclosed by the present invention provides significant benefits over similar devices in use today. In particular, it offers a superior means for securing and closing itself, thereby limiting the chance that garments will spill out of it and be damaged while being laundered in a washing machine. Additionally, the thickness of the flexible wrap container insulates and protects the garment or garments contained therein from the stress and abrasion that may be caused by the agitator and other internal parts of a washing machine.
  • the flexible wrap container further offers an expandability and versatility that is not seen in other such devices: not only is the flexible wrap container larger than competing devices, it has a series of connecting means (e.g. snaps) which allow two identical flexible wrap containers to be joined together to provide an additional flexible wrap container of twice the original capacity at no extra cost to the consumer. This further enhances the size retention benefits of the present invention.
  • the present invention further provides a wash pretreatment applicator intended to be affixed on a human finger, that is used to apply the wash pretreatment composition to the stained area of a garment.
  • the wash pretreatment applicator is a highly useful tool by which stain removal agent may be applied to the stained area of a garment with enhanced convenience and efficacy.
  • aqueous compositions herein is meant compositions which comprise a major portion of water.
  • solution herein is meant a liquid mixture of ingredients. As used herein “solution” does not convey or imply the existence of only a single liquid or solid phase. Nor is it meant to describe a homogenous solvent/solute system.
  • an effective amount herein is meant any amount capable of measurably improving stain removal from a localized area of a garment. In general, this amount may vary quite widely.
  • cleaning herein is meant the removal of soils and stains from fabrics.
  • contact with stained areas with respect to the wash pretreatment applicator is meant contact which is afforded by the impingement of the soft bristles which comprise the brush means of the device with the one side of the stained area.
  • contact with the stained areas with respect to the absorbent stain receiver pad is meant that the side of the stained area of the fabric opposite the wash pretreatment applicator directly impinges on the receiver and is in close communication therewith.
  • liquid cleaning compositions of the present invention should most preferably be substantially free of bleaches and include an enzyme cocktail that is less harsh than the enzymes typically used in a laundry detergent composition. Stated otherwise, the liquid cleaning compositions herein should be formulated so as not to damage fabrics by causing discoloration, abrasion or other adverse effects.
  • compositions here must be formulated to also safely and effectively clean and refresh fabrics such as wool, silk, rayon, alpaca fleece, fine cotton and blends of the aforementioned fabrics.
  • compositions herein comprise ingredients which are specially selected and formulated to minimize the migration of fugitive dyes.
  • the present invention includes both a wash pretreatment composition and a combination washing/conditioning composition ⁇ the latter providing both detersive-cleaning benefits and conditioning and softening benefits in a single composition.
  • the wash pretreatment composition is distributed over the surface of a stained area of the garment by the use of an applicator (described in greater detail herein) after which the stained area of the garment is optionally rinsed off with water.
  • the washing/conditioning composition is then subsequently mixed with water in a washing machine in the customary fashion to form an aqueous laundry detergent solution suitable for immersion cleaning of garments.
  • the wash pretreatment composition used herein is preferably formulated such that it is easily dispensed and not so adhesive in nature that it renders the stain-removal applicator unwieldy or difficult to use.
  • active adjunct materials used will vary, depending on the intended end-use of the final composition. The following are intended only to be nonlimiting illustrations of such active adjuncts, more examples of which will readily come to mind of the skilled formulator.
  • wash pretreatment composition as an optional component of the present invention and may be selected from the following suitable ingredients which will now be discussed in seritam .
  • compositions herein will comprise from about 3 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 10 % to about 25 %, most preferably from about 15 % to about 20 %, by weight of detersive surfactants.
  • Nonlimiting examples of surfactants useful herein include the unsaturated sulfates such as oleyl sulfate, the C 10 -C 18 alkyl alkoxy sulfates ("AE x S"; especially EO 1-7 ethoxy sulfates), C 10 -C 18 alkyl alkoxy carboxylates (especially the EO 1-5 ethoxycarboxylates), and primary, branched-chain and random C 10 -C 20 alkyl sulfates ("AS”), the C 10 -C 18 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates of the formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) x (CHOSO 3 - M + ) CH 3 and CH 3 (CH 2 ) y (CHOSO 3 - M + ) CH 2 CH 3 where x and (y + 1) are integers of at least about 7, preferably at least about 9, and M is a water-solubilizing cation, especially sodium, the C 10-18 glycerol ethers, the
  • the conventional nonionic and amphoteric surfactants such as the C 12 -C 18 alkyl ethoxylates ("AE") including the so-called narrow peaked alkyl ethoxylates and C 6 -C 12 alkyl phenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy/propoxy), C 12 -C 18 betaines and sulfobetaines ("sultaines"), C 10 -C 18 amine oxides, and the like, can also be included in the overall compositions.
  • the C 10 -C 18 N-alkyl polyhydroxy fatty acid amides can also be used. Typical examples include the C 12 -C 18 N-methylglucamides. See WO 9,206,154.
  • sugar-derived surfactants include the N-alkoxy polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, such as C 10 -C 18 N-(3-methoxypropyl) glucamide.
  • the N-propyl through N-hexyl C 12 -C 18 glucamides can be used for low sudsing.
  • C 10 -C 20 conventional soaps may also be used. If high sudsing is desired, the branched-chain C 10 -C 16 soaps may be used.
  • Mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants are especially useful and cationic and amphoteric surfactants may also be used.
  • Other conventional useful surfactants are listed in standard texts.
  • compositions of the present invention preferably comprise one or more detergent builders or builder systems.
  • the compositions will typically comprise from about 0.01 % to about 35%, more preferably from about 1% to about 25%, most preferably from about 2% to about 8% by weight, of detergent builder.
  • Organic detergent builders suitable for the purposes of the present invention include, but are not restricted to, a wide variety of polycarboxylate compounds.
  • polycarboxylate refers to compounds having a plurality of carboxylate groups, preferably at least 3 carboxylates.
  • Polycarboxylate builder can generally be added to the composition in acid form, but can also be added in the form of a neutralized salt. When utilized in salt form, alkali metals, such as sodium, potassium, and lithium, or alkanolammonium salts are preferred.
  • Citrate builders e.g., citric acid and soluble salts thereof (particularly sodium salt), are polycarboxylate builders of particular importance for the present detergent formulations due to their availability from renewable resources and their biodegradability.
  • Fatty acids are also important carboxylate builders for the present invention.
  • the fatty acids disclosed herein may contain from about 1 to about 10 ethylene oxide units in the hydrocarbon chain.
  • Preferred are saturated fatty acids containing from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable saturated fatty acids can be obtained from natural sources such as plant or animal esters (e.g., stripped palm kernel oil, stripped palm oil and coconut oil) or synthetically prepared (e.g., via the oxidation of petroleum or by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide via the Fisher-Tropsch process).
  • suitable saturated fatty acids for use in the compositions of this invention include capric, lauric, myristic, coconut and palm kernel fatty acid.
  • Preferred are saturated coconut fatty acids, from about 5:1 to 1:1 (preferably about 3:1 ) weight ratio mixtures of lauric and myristic acid, mixtures of the above with minor amounts (e.g., 10%-30% of total fatty acid) of oleic acid; and stripped palm kernel fatty acid.
  • polycarboxylate builders include a variety of categories of useful materials.
  • One important category of polycarboxylate builders encompasses the ether polycarboxylates, including oxydisuccinate, as disclosed in U.S. 3,128,287 Berg, issued April 7,1964, and U.S. 3,635,830 Lamberti et al., issued January 18,1972. See also "TMS/TDS" builders of U.S. 4,663,071 Bush et al., issued May 5,1987.
  • Suitable ether polycarboxylates also include cyclic compounds, particularly alicyclic compounds, such as those described in U.S. 3,923,679 Rapko, issued December 2,1975; U.S.
  • ether hydroxypolycarboxylates copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy benzene-2, 4, 6-trisulphonic acid, and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid
  • various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid
  • polycarboxylates such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxy-disuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, and soluble salts thereof.
  • Enzymes ⁇ Enzymes can be included in the formulations herein for a wide variety of fabric laundering purposes, including removal of protein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based stains; for the prevention of fugitive dye transfer. Certain enzymes also provide fabric restorative benefits by decomposing and degrading the loose and frayed fibers on the surface of a textile article, particularly textile articles made from silk or wool.
  • the enzymes to be incorporated include proteases, amylases, lipases, and mannanases, as well as mixtures thereof. Other types of enzymes may also be included. They may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. However, their choice is governed by several factors such as pH-activity and/or stability optima, thermostability, stability versus active detergents, builders and so on. Protease is an acceptable enzyme because of its well-known cleaning benefits on a variety of organic-material stains. Enzymes such as cellulases and peroxidases are less desirable because of their potentially harsh effects on delicate garments and in an optimal composition, they are not present.
  • Enzymes are normally incorporated at levels sufficient to provide up to about 5 mg by weight, more typically about 0.01 mg to about 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of the composition. Stated otherwise, the compositions herein will typically comprise from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably 0.01%-1.0% by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation. Protease enzymes are usually present in such commercial preparations at levels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) of activity per gram of composition.
  • AU Anson units
  • the compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 8%, most preferably from about 0.01 % to about 6%, by weight of an enzyme stabilizing system.
  • the enzyme stabilizing system can be any stabilizing system which is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Such a system may be inherently provided by other formulation actives, or be added separately, e.g., by the formulator or by a manufacturer of detergent-ready enzymes.
  • Such stabilizing systems can, for example, comprise calcium ion, boric acid, propylene glycol, short chain carboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designed to address different stabilization problems depending on the type and physical form of the detergent composition.
  • Borate stabilizers when used, may be at levels of up to 10% or more of the composition though more typically, levels of up to about 3% by weight of boric acid or other borate compounds such as borax or orthoborate are suitable for liquid detergent use.
  • Substituted boric acids such as phenylboronic acid, butaneboronic acid, p-bromophenylboronic acid or the like can be used in place of boric acid and reduced levels of total boron in detergent compositions may be possible though the use of such substituted boron derivatives.
  • Stabilizing systems of certain cleaning compositions may further comprise from 0% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 6% by weight, of chlorine bleach scavengers, added to prevent chlorine bleach species present in many water supplies from attacking and inactivating the enzymes, especially under alkaline conditions.
  • chlorine bleach scavengers While chlorine levels in water may be small, typically in the range from about 0.5 ppm to about 1.75 ppm, the available chlorine in the total volume of water that comes in contact with the enzyme, for example during fabric washing, can be relatively large; accordingly, enzyme stability to chlorine in-use is sometimes problematic.
  • Suitable chlorine scavenger anions are widely known and readily available, and, if used, can be salts containing ammonium cations with sulfite, bisulfite, thiosulfite, thiosulfate, iodide, etc.
  • Antioxidants such as carbamate, ascorbate, etc., organic amines such as ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) or alkali metal salt thereof, monoethanolamine (MEA), and mixtures thereof can likewise be used.
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetracetic acid
  • MEA monoethanolamine
  • compositions of the present invention may contain any of the water-soluble formates described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,318,818, Letton et al, issued Mar. 9,1982. Formate is present at a level of from about 0.05% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 2%, most preferably from about 0.4% to about 1.5%, by weight of the composition.
  • enzyme stabilizers are the enzyme oxidation scavengers which are described in European Patent application 92870018.6 filed on Jan. 31,1992 now EP-B-553 607.
  • enzyme oxidation scavengers are ethoxylated tetraethylene polyamines.
  • compositions of the present invention can also optionally contain water-soluble ethoxylated amines having particulate soil removal and antiredeposition properties.
  • Liquid detergent compositions typically contain about 0.01 % to about 5%.
  • the most preferred soil release and anti-redeposition agent is ethoxylated tetraethylenePentamine ("TEPA"). On average tetraethylene-pentamine is ethoxylated with 15-18 moles of ethylene oxide at each hydrogen site. Exemplary ethoxylated amines are further described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,597,898, VanderMeer, issued Jul.1,1986.
  • Another group of preferred particulate soil removal-antiredeposition agents are the cationic compounds disclosed in European Patent Application 111,965, Oh and Gosselink, published Jun. 27,1984.
  • particulate soil removal/antiredeposition agents which can be used include the ethoxylated amine polymers disclosed in European Patent Application 111,984, Gosselink, published Jun. 27,1984; the zwitterionic polymers disclosed in European Patent Application 112,592, Gosselink, published Jul. 4,1984; and the amine oxides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,548,744, Connor, issued Oct. 22, 1985.
  • Other particulate soil removal and/or anti redeposition agents known in the art can also be utilized in the compositions herein.
  • Another type of preferred antiredeposition agent includes the carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) materials. These materials are well known in the art.
  • compositions of the present invention may also include one or more materials effective for inhibiting the transfer of dyes from one fabric to another during the cleaning process.
  • dye transfer inhibiting agents include polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganese phthalocyanine, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof. If used, these agents typically comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.01% to about 5%, and more preferably from about 0.05% to about 2%.
  • Preferred polyamine N-oxides are those wherein R is a heterocyclic group such as pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrrolidine, piperidine and derivatives thereof.
  • the N-O group can be represented by the following general structures: wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups or combinations thereof; x, y and z are 0 or 1; and the nitrogen of the N-O group can be attached or form part of any of the aforementioned groups.
  • the amine oxide unit of the polyamine N-oxides has a pKa ⁇ 10, preferably pKa ⁇ 7, more preferred pKa ⁇ 6.
  • a dye transfer inhibiting agent is poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide)which can be referred to as "PVNO”. Also suitable are copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole polymers (referred to as a class as "PVPVI”) as well as polyvinylpyrrolidone (“PVP"). These are discussed in greater detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208, to Zhen et al., issued June 2, 1998.
  • the present invention further comprises an additional agent to provide color care benefits: 30 polyethyleneimine, PEI 600 E20, having the general formula: wherein B is a continuation by branching of the polyethyleneimine backbone.
  • E is an ethyleneoxy unit having the formula: -(CH 2 CH 2 O)mH wherein m has an average value of about 20.
  • m has an average value of about 20.
  • an average value of 20 is that sufficient ethylene oxide or other suitable reagent is reacted with the polyethyleneimine starting material to fully ethoxylate each N-H unit to a degree of 20 ethoxylations.
  • some N-H unit hydrogen atoms will be replaced by less than 20 ethoxy units and some will be replaced by more than 20 ethoxy units, therefore, the average of the number of ethoxylations is 20.
  • the units which make up the polyalkyleneimine backbones are primary amine units having the formula: H 2 N-CH 2 CH 2 ]- and -NH 2 which terminate the main backbone and any branching chains, secondary amine units having the formula: and which, after modification, have their hydrogen atom substituted by an average of 20 ethyleneoxy units, and tertiary amine units having the formula: which are the branching points of the main and secondary backbone chains, B representing a continuation of the chain structure by branching.
  • the tertiary units have no replaceable hydrogen atom and are therefore not modified by substitution with ethyleneoxy units.
  • cyclization may occur, therefore, an amount of cyclic polyamine can be present in the parent polyalkyleneimine backbone mixture.
  • Each primary and secondary amine unit of the cyclic alkyleneimines undergoes modification by the addition of alkyleneoxy units in the same manner as linear and branched polyalkyleneimines.
  • the indices w, x, and y have values such that the average molecular weight of the polyethyleneimine backbone prior to modification is about 600 daltons.
  • each branch chain must terminate in a primary amine unit, therefore the value of the index w is y + 1 in the case where no cyclic amine backbones are present.
  • the average molecular weight for each ethylene backbone unit, -NCH 2 CH 2 -, is approximately 43 daltons.
  • the polyamines of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by polymerizing ethyleneimine in the presence of a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc.
  • a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc.
  • Specific methods for preparing these polyamine backbones are disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,182,306, Ulrich et al., issued December 5, 1939; U.S. Patent 3,033,746, Mayle et al., issued May 8,1962; U.S. Patent 2,208,095, Esselmann et al., issued July 16,1940; U.S. Patent 2,806,839, Crowther, issued September 17,1957; and U.S. Patent 2,553,696, Wilson, issued May 21,1951.
  • Suds Suppressors ⁇ Compounds for reducing or suppressing the formation of suds can be incorporated into the compositions of the present invention. Suds suppression can be of particular importance in the so-called "high concentration cleaning process" as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,489,455 and 4,489,574 and in front-loading European-style washing machines.
  • suds suppressors A wide variety of materials may be used as suds suppressors, and suds suppressors are well known to those skilled in the art. See, for example, Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, Volume 7, pages 430-447 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1979).
  • One category of suds suppressor of particular interest encompasses monocarboxylic fatty acid and soluble salts therein. See U.S. Patent No. 2,954,347, issued September 27, 1960 to Wayne St. John.
  • the monocarboxylic fatty acids and salts thereof used as suds suppressor typically have hydrocarbyl chains of 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable salts include the alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium, and lithium salts, and ammonium and alkanolammonium salts.
  • the detergent compositions herein may also contain non-surfactant suds suppressors.
  • non-surfactant suds suppressors include, for example: high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as paraffin, fatty acid esters (e.g., fatty acid triglycerides), fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols, aliphatic C 18 -C 40 ketones (e.g., stearone), etc.
  • suds inhibitors include N-alkylated amino triazines such as tri-to hexa-alkylmelamines or di- to tetra-alkyldiamine chlortriazines and monostearyl phosphates such as monostearyl alcohol phosphate ester and monostearyl di-alkali metal (e.g., K, Na, and Li) phosphates and phosphate esters.
  • the hydrocarbons such as paraffin and haloparaffin can be utilized in liquid form.
  • the liquid hydrocarbons will be liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and will have a pour point in the range of about -15°C and about 50°C, and a minimum boiling point not less than about 110°C (atmospheric pressure).
  • hydrocarbons preferably having a melting point below about 100°C.
  • the hydrocarbons constitute a preferred category of suds suppressor for detergent compositions.
  • Hydrocarbon suds suppressors are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,265,779, issued May 5, 1981 to Gandolfo et al.
  • the hydrocarbons thus, include aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, and heterocyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons having from about 12 to about 70 carbon atoms.
  • the term "paraffin,” as used in this suds suppressor discussion, is intended to include mixtures of true paraffins and cyclic hydrocarbons.
  • Non-surfactant suds suppressors comprises silicone suds suppressors.
  • This category includes the use of polyorganosiloxane oils, such as polydimethylsiloxane, dispersions or emulsions of polyorganosiloxane oils or resins, and combinations of polyorganosiloxane with silica particles wherein the polyorganosiloxane is chemisorbed or fused onto the silica.
  • Silicone suds suppressors are well known in the art and are, for example, disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,265,779, issued May 5, 1981 to Gandolfo et al and European Patent Application No. 89307851.9, published February 7, 1990, by M. S. Starch.
  • Additional suds suppressers may be selected from those silicones discussed below in this application in the section on silicone softening agents and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,579,208, to Zhen et al., issued June 2, 1998, incorporated above.
  • compositions herein include but are not limited to hydrotropes, antibacterial agents, additional enzyme stabilizers and perfumes. Especially desirable are anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkle agents, fabric crisping agents and other fabric color protection agents.
  • the pH of the composition as disclosed here will be between 5 and 9.
  • the present invention also relates to a washing/conditioning composition which provides not only detersive and cleaning benefits on dry-clean only garments but also the through-the-wash softening and conditioning. This greatly enhances the convenience of the overall process to the consumer because the conditioning agent is added at the beginning of the wash cycle and does not need to be added subsequently during the rinse cycle.
  • the combination washing/conditioning solution provides a number of important benefits: such as improved color fidelity, improved abrasion resistance and excessive wrinkling prevention.
  • Fabric softeners also help maintain fabric softness of garments such as silk, which can have a rough feel after being washed in an aqueous laundry detergent.
  • additives which act as anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkle agents, fabric crisping agents and other fabric color protection agents.
  • the combination washing/conditioning compositions herein contain from about 1% to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about 7%, more preferably from about 3% to about 5% by weight of a quaternary ammonium surfactant of the formula: wherein R 1 and R 2 are individually selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 hydroxy alkyl, benzyl, and -(C 2 H 4 O) x H where x has a value from about 2 to about 5; X is an anion; and (1) R 3 and R 4 are each a C 6 -C 14 alkyl or (2) R 3 is a C 6 -C 18 alkyl, and R 4 is selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 hydroxyalkyl, benzyl, and -(C 2 H 4 O) x H where x has a value from 2 to 5.
  • R 1 and R 2 are individually selected from the group consisting of C 1
  • Preferred quaternary ammonium surfactants are the chloride, bromide, and methylsulfate salts.
  • Examples of preferred mono-long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium surfactants are those wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 4 are each methyl and R 3 is a C 8 -C 16 alkyl; or wherein R 3 is C 8-18 alkyl and R 1 , R 2 , and R 4 are selected from methyl and hydroxyalkyl moieties.
  • Ratio of Anionic Surfactants to Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants are both essential components of the present invention. When they are present together within a certain weight ratio they form a mixed micellar system within the composition so that while the washing/conditioning composition is sufficiently viscous to suspend silicone softening agent emulsions and other polymers, the compositions are simultaneously not so viscous and thick that they cannot be easily and conveniently poured out of a detergent bottle in which they are contained.
  • the weight ratio of anionic surfactants to quaternary ammonium surfactants be from about 2:1 to about 3:1, preferably from about 2.2:1 to about 2.8:1. While U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208 also discloses the combination of anionic and quaternary ammonium surfactants, the ratio of anionic to quaternary surfactant (over 5:1) is significantly higher than the ratios used in the present invention.
  • certain enzymes also provide fabric restorative benefits by decomposing and degrading the loose and frayed fibers on the surface of a textile article, particularly textile articles made from silk or wool.
  • Mannanase enzymes and amylase enzymes are preferred for use in the washing/cleaning compositions because of their stain removal benefits.
  • enzymes such as cellulases and peroxidases are less desirable.
  • a particularly preferred amylase enzyme is NATALASE® which can be specified as an a-amylase having a specific activity at least 25% higher than the specific activity of Termamylâ at a temperature range of 25°C to 55°C and at a pH value in the range of 8 to 10, measured by the Phadebasâ ⁇ -amylase activity assay.
  • the silicone softening agent may or may not be present in the form of an emulsion.
  • Silicone softening agents include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes which conform to the following formula where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be substituted or unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000.
  • Suitable unsubstituted R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, alkylamine, and ether-substituted, hydroxyl-substituted, and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl groups.
  • Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.
  • the aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain may have any structure so long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room temperature, are hydrophobic, are neither damaging or otherwise harmful when applied to textile articles, are compatible with the other components of the detergent composition, are chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions and are capable of being deposited on and conditioning textile articles according to the methods outlined in the present invention.
  • the two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit may represent the same or different groups.
  • the two R groups represent the same group.
  • Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C 1 -C 5 alkyls and alkenyls, more preferably from C 1 -C 4 , most preferably from C 1 -C 2 .
  • the aliphatic portions of other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups can be straight or branched chains and preferably have from one to five carbon atoms, more preferably from one to four carbon atoms, even more preferably from one to three carbon atoms, most preferably from one to two carbon atoms.
  • R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl.
  • the preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane is especially preferred.
  • Other suitable R groups include methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, polyethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy.
  • the three R groups on the end caps of the silicone may also represent the same or different groups.
  • silicones include nonionic polyalkylene oxide-modified polydimethylsiloxanes which are especially effective at wrinkle reduction.
  • silicone fluids are available from the OSI Specialties Company under the name SILWET®.
  • SILWET® L77 which is a mixture of 84% polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and 16% allyloxypolyethyleneglycol methyl ether, is particularly preferred.
  • silicone oils suitable for use in the present invention may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,073, to Kaiser et al., issued on February 23, 1999. It may be desirable to incorporate emulsifiers at concentrations effective for emulsifying the silicone conditioning agents. (As used herein, "emulsifiers” include suspending agents.) Emulsifiers and suspending agents are discussed in further detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,073 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208. Particularly preferred are emulsifying surfactants disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208, which added to the silicone fluid to form an emulsion
  • the combination washing/conditioning compositions of the present invention comprises one or more cyclic amine based polymer, oligomer or copolymer.
  • Such materials have been found to impart a number of appearance benefits to fabrics and textiles laundered in aqueous washing solutions formed from detergent compositions which contain a mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers and hydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers fabric treatment materials.
  • fabric appearance benefits can include, for example, improved overall appearance of the laundered fabrics, reduction of the formation of pills and fuzz, protection against color fading, improved abrasion resistance, etc.
  • the cyclic amine based fabric treatment materials used in the compositions and methods herein can provide such fabric appearance benefits with acceptably little or no loss in cleaning performance provided by the laundry detergent compositions into which such materials are incorporated.
  • the cyclic amine based polymer, oligomer or copolymer component of the compositions herein may comprise combinations of these cyclic amine based materials.
  • a mixture of piperidine and epihalohydrin condensates can be combined with a mixture of morpholine and epihalohydrin condensates to achieve the desired fabric treatment results.
  • the molecular weight of cyclic amine based fabric treatment materials can vary within the mixture as is illustrated in the Examples below.
  • an oligomer is a molecule consisting of only a few monomer units while polymers comprise considerably more monomer units.
  • oligomers are defined as molecules having an average molecular weight below about 1,000 and polymers are molecules having an average molecular weight of greater than about 1,000.
  • Copolymers are polymers or oligomers wherein two or more dissimilar monomers have been simultaneously or sequentially polymerized.
  • Copolymers of the present invention can include, for example, polymers or oligomers polymerized from a mixture of a primary cyclic amine based monomer, e.g., piperidine, and a secondary cyclic amine monomer, e.g., morpholine.
  • the mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers and hydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers of the detergent compositions herein will generally comprise from about 0.01% to about 5% by the weight of the detergent composition. More preferably, the mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers and hydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers will comprise from about 0.1% to about 4% by weight of the detergent compositions, most preferably from about 0.75% to about 3%.
  • a washing solution additive i.e.
  • the concentration of mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers and hydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers can comprise from about 0.1% to about 80% by weight of the additive material.
  • Soil release agents may be used in the present invention. If so they will generally comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10.0%, by weight, of the detergent compositions herein, typically from about 0.1% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 3.0%.
  • Polymeric soil release agents are characterized by having both hydrophilic segments, to hydrophilize the surface of hydrophobic fibers, such as polyester and its blends, and hydrophobic segments, to deposit upon hydrophobic fibers and remain adhered thereto through completion of washing and rinsing cycles and thus, serve as an anchor for the hydrophilic segments. This can enable stains occurring subsequent to treatment with the soil release agent to be more easily cleaned in later washing procedures.
  • the polymeric soil release agents useful herein especially include those soil release agents having: (a) one or more nonionic hydrophile components consisting essentially of (i) polyoxyethylene segments with a degree of polymerization of at least 2, or (ii) oxypropylene or polyoxypropylene segments with a degree of polymerization of from 2 to 10, wherein said hydrophile segment does not encompass any oxypropylene unit unless it is bonded to adjacent moieties at each end by ether linkages, or (iii) a mixture of oxyalkylene units comprising oxyethylene and from 1 to about 30 oxypropylene units wherein said mixture contains a sufficient amount of oxyethylene units such that the hydrophile component has hydrophilicity great enough to increase the hydrophilicity of conventional polyester synthetic fiber surfaces upon deposit of the soil release agent on such surface, said hydrophile segments preferably comprising at least about 25% oxyethylene units and more preferably, especially for such components having about 20 to 30 oxypropylene units, at least about 50% oxyethylene units; or
  • cyclic amine based polymer/oligomer/copolymer materials and dye transfer inhibiting agents such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganese phthalocyanine and peroxidases (described above in the section on wash pretreatment compositions) be used in combination to provide optimum suppression of dye-transfer between garments, particularly in mixed colored loads (i.e. mixed light and dark-colored fabrics).
  • these bags are often constructed to have an outer shell made of a grid-like netting which allows contact between the wash liquor and the garment to provide cleaning benefits; but this grid-like pattern can also leave an identical grid impression on the garments contained inside. Such a pattern may be virtually impossible to iron out.
  • these bags are generally too thin and do not provide enough cushion from the abrasion and stress that a delicate garment may experience in a laundry washing machine.
  • the wrap 122 comprises a single, preferably rectangular, panel 100.
  • the dimensions of the panel 100 are such that the width will be about 31 cm to about 91 cm and the length will be about 55 cm to about 117 cm; more preferred is a width of about 41 cm to about 81 cm and a length of about 66 cm to about 107 cm and most preferred is a width of about 51 cm to about 71 cm and a length of about 76 cm to about 97 cm.
  • the distance from the top edge of the panel 102 to the bottom edge of the panel 101 is greater than the distance from the right edge of the panel 103 to the left edge of the panel 104.
  • the wrap further comprises one or more straps 108 which are attached adjacent to the top edge of the panel 102.
  • a first fastening device 109 which is fixably and permanently attached to each strap 108 so that its position on the strap does not change.
  • a second fastening device 106 is preferably attached to each strap by passing the strap through the fastening device in such a way that changing its position on the strap, the length of the strap 105 can be increased or decreased.
  • the first and second fastening devices cooperate to secure the flexible wrap container in a roll-like shape during use (see, e.g., Fig. 7).
  • two pockets 110 are attached adjacent to the top edge of the panel in the manner shown by Figures 1, 1A, 2 and 3.
  • wrap container along with its preferred embodiments, is discussed in more detail in the provisional application of Curry et al., entitled “Methods for Laundering Delicate Garments in a Washing Machine,” having P&G Case No. 7315P2, corresponding to WO 00/24958.
  • the wash pretreatment applicator to be used in the present invention can essentially be any non-abrasive tool with which one can apply an effective amount of a wash pretreatment composition to a stained area of a garment while simultaneously effectively providing mechanical action to assist in the stain removal.
  • an object as simple as a human finger may serve as the wash pretreatment applicator.
  • a preferred embodiment as the applicator is disclosed in the provisional application of Curry et al., entitled “Methods for Laundering Delicate Garments in a Washing Machine," having P&G Case No. 7315P2, corresponding to WO 00/24958.
  • the absorbent stain receiver which is used in the present invention includes an absorbent material which imbibes the liquid composition.
  • the stain receiver is designed specifically to "wick” or “draw” the liquid compositions away from the stained area.
  • the absorbent stain receiver is necessarily white or non-printed to avoid dye transfer from receiver to garment.
  • White or non-printed disposable paper towels, such as BOUNTYTM brand towels, clean rags, etc. can be used.
  • a preferred receiver consists of a nonwoven pad. Additional materials which may be serve as an absorbent stain receiver are disclosed in the provisional application of Curry et al., entitled “Methods for Laundering Delicate Garments in a Washing Machine," having P&G Case No. 7315P2, corresponding to WO 00/24958.
  • This pretreatment procedure comprises pouring a pretreatment composition to the stained area and then distributing and spreading the pretreatment composition over the stained area with the wash pretreatment applicator by applying a gentle brushing motion to distribute the pretreatment composition around the stained area of the garment.
  • the pretreatment composition is then optionally rinsed off the stained area with water.
  • the pretreatment process herein can be conducted in the following manner. Modifications of the process can be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • An overall process for treating an entire fabric surface area of a garment which includes the pretreatment process described above, thus comprises the following steps of:
  • step (ii) it is appreciated that for fabrics which tend to wrinkle, it is preferred not to overload the washing implement used herein.
  • the washing machine may have an agitator arranged on either a substantially horizontal or substantially vertical axis.
  • an amount of liquid cleaning/conditioning composition will be added so that the concentration of active ingredients in the wash liquor is from about 300 ppm to 2500 ppm, more preferably from about 400 ppm to about 2000 ppm, most preferably from about 500 ppm to about 1600 ppm.
  • Step (iv) can be conducted for longer or shorter periods, depending on such factors as the degree and type of soiling of the fabrics, the nature of the soils, the nature of the fabrics, the fabric load and the like according to the needs of the user.
  • wash Pretreatment Composition INGREDIENT wt % Nonionic Surfactant 0.50 N-Cocoyl N-Methyl Glucamine 1.60 Anionic Surfactant 16.00 Amine Cosurfactant 0.40 Citric Acid 2.50 Fatty Acids (12-16) 2.00 Ethanol 2.59 Monoethanol amine 0.75 Sodium Formate 0.062 Propanediol 5.08 Tolulene Sulfonate 0.36 Borax Premix 2.50 Sodium Hydroxide 2.62 Fabric Care Agents 2.70 Enzymes 0.15 Balance (water, antifoaming agent, perfume, color stabilizers) 61.67 Washing /Conditioning Composition Component Weigh % Anionic Surfactant 14.40 Nonionic Surfactant 4.00 Lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride 5.33 Citric Acid 0.70
  • Step 1 One or more garments to be cleaned and refreshed are selected. Stains on a garment from sources such as ink, lipstick, salad dressing, collar soil and other similar sources are then identified and selected for pretreatment. For pretreatment, localized stained areas of the garment are situated over a paper towel and are treated by directly applying about 0.5 to 5 mls (depending on the size of the stain) of the wash pretreatment product of Example I, which is gently worked into the garment using the wash pretreatment applicator. Excess liquid product is then washed off the stain with running cold tap water.
  • Step 2 The flexible wrap container is laid flat on an even surface such as a table or clothes dryer.
  • a first garment such as a jacket is placed on the wrap.
  • the sleeves and other extensions of the garment should be folded-in if necessary and none of the garment may lie outside the perimeter of the wrap.
  • the wrap's flaps are folded over the garment so that the entire garment is enclosed by the wrap.
  • An additional garment may then be placed over the folded flaps following the same procedure described above and being careful that none of the garment lies outside the perimeter of the flexible wrap container.
  • Step 3 The wrap is then rolled up as if one were rolling up a sleeping bag.
  • the wrap is rolled in a direction parallel to the longest edge of the wrap, starting from the edge with close proximity to the connecting means.
  • Step 4 The garment-containing wrap is then placed in a washing machine.
  • a washing machine Preferably two garment-containing Wraps of approximately equal weight are placed in the washing machine simultaneously to insure a balanced load.
  • the washing machine settings should be set on: medium water level (approximately 64.3 liters or 17 gallons), cold water and the most gentle agitation setting.
  • Two capfuls of the combination washing/conditioning composition of Example I (about 66 ml) are poured into the washing machine; 66 ml of the liquid product of Example I in 64.3 liters (17 gallons) of water means that the total concentration of liquid cleaning composition in the detergent/water solution will be about 1090 ppm.
  • Step 5 When the washing machine has completed all of its cycles, the garment-containing wraps are removed from the washing machine and the garments inside the wraps are removed from the wrap.
  • men's ties and wool garments With the exception of men's ties and wool garments, one may dry the garments by placing them in a dryer and setting the dryer on air-fluff (no heat) for silk garments or the lowest possible dryer heat setting for garments made from rayon and rayon blends. Heavy weight garments should remain in the dryer for 8 to 10 minutes, while light weight garments should remain for 4 to 6 minutes. One then removes the damp garment from the dryer and may then hang the garment or lay it flat to finish drying. For men's ties and wools the dryer step is inappropriate and air drying should begin immediately after they are removed from the washing machine.
  • Step 6 Press or steam the garments if necessary.

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Claims (22)

  1. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung, welche zum Waschen und Konditionieren von empfindlichen Textilien geeignetet ist, umfassend:
    a) ein anionisches Tensid, wobei die Zusammensetzung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie weiterhin umfasst:
    b) ein quaternäres Ammoniumtensid, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus:
    Figure 00350001
    worin R1 und R2 individuell gewählt sind aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus C1-C4-Alkyl, C1-C4-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und -(C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat; X ein Anion ist; und (1) R3 und R4 jeweils ein C6-C14-Alkyl sind oder (2) R3 ein C6-C18-Alkyl ist und R4 aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, bestehend aus C1-C10-Alkyl, C1-C10-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und -(C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat, und Mischungen hiervon;
    c) ein Silicon-Weichmachermittel; und
    d) wahlweise einen Emulgator;
    wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von anionischen Tensiden zu quaternären Ammoniumtensiden 2:1 bis 3:1, vorzugsweise 2,2:1 bis 2,8:1, beträgt.
  2. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend weiterhin ein Enzym, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Mannanasen, Amylasen und Mischungen hiervon.
  3. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Zusammensetzung keine Cellulase- oder Peroxidaseenzyme enthält.
  4. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend weiterhin eine Textilpflegekomponente, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus einem Polymer auf Basis eines cyclischen Amins, Oligomer- und Copolymermaterialien, Polyvinylpyrrolidonpolymeren, Polyamin-N-oxidpolymeren, Copolymeren von N-Vinylpyrrolidon und N-Vinylimidazol, Manganphthalocyanin, Peroxidasen und Mischungen hiervon.
  5. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend weiterhin ein Polymer auf Basis eines cyclischen Amins, Oligomer- oder Copolymermaterial und Polyamin-N-oxidpolymere.
  6. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Silicon-Weichmachermittel aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, bestehend aus:
    Figure 00360001
    worin R aliphatisch ist, vorzugsweise Alkyl oder Alkenyl, oder Aryl; R substituiert oder unsubstituiert sein kann, und x eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 8.000 ist.
  7. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend weiterhin α-Amylasen mit einer spezifischen Aktivität von mindestens 25% höher als die spezifische Aktivität von Termamylä bei einem Temperaturbereich von 25°C bis 55°C und einem pH-Wert im Bereich von 8 bis 10, gemessen durch einen Phadebasâ-α-Amylase-Aktivitätsassay.
  8. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Silicon-Weichmachermittel aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, bestehend aus Polydimethylsiloxan, Polydiethylsiloxan, Polymethylphenylsiloxan und Mischungen hiervon.
  9. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Silicon-Weichmachermittel ein polyalkylenoxid-modifiziertes Polydimethylsiloxan ist.
  10. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Emulgator ein emulgierendes Tensid ist.
  11. Kit, umfassend:
    (a) einen flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälter,
    (b) Anweisungen zur Verwendung des flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälters, wobei die Anweisungen eingeschlossen sind mit oder auf einem Behälter, welcher das Kit einschließt, vorhanden sind; und
    (c) eine flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung, die zum Waschen und Konditionieren empfindlicher Textilien geeignet ist und ein anionisches Tensid umfasst; wobei das Kit dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
    i) der flexible Umhüllungsbehälter umfasst:
    eine flexible Platte mit einem rechten Rand, einem linken Rand, einem oberen Rand und einem unteren Rand;
    mindestens einen Gurt und eine an dem Gurt angebrachte Befestigungseinrichtung, um den Umhüllungsbehälter in einer rollenähnlichen Form zu sichern;
    eine erste Klappe, die an dem rechten Rand der flexiblen Platte angebracht ist; und eine zweite Klappe, die an dem linken Rand der flexiblen Platte angebracht ist, wobei die erste und zweite Klappe, wenn sie über ihre entsprechenden Ränder gefaltet sind, überlappen; und
    ii) die flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung weiterhin umfasst:
    ein quaternäres Ammoniumtensid, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus:
    Figure 00370001
    worin R1 und R2 individuell gewählt sind aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus C1-C4-Alkyl, C1-C4-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und - (C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat; X ein Anion ist; und (1) R3 und R4 jeweils ein C6-C14-Alkyl sind oder (2) R3 ein C6-C18-Alkyl ist und R4 aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, bestehend aus C1-C10-Alkyl, C1-C10-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und -(C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat, und Mischungen hiervon;
    ein Silicon-Weichmachermittel; und
    wahlweise einen Emulgator;
    wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von anionischen Tensiden zu quaternären Ammoniumtensiden 2:1 bis 3:1, vorzugsweise 2,2:1 bis 2,8:1, beträgt.
  12. Kit nach Anspruch 11, wobei das Kit weiterhin eine Waschvorbehandlungszusammensetzung umfasst, welche Tenside, Enzyme und Wasser umfasst.
  13. Kit nach Anspruch 11, wobei der flexible Umhüllungsbehälter bei Standardtemperatur und -druck eine Dichte von größer als 1 g/cm3 besitzt.
  14. Kit nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Waschvorbehandlungszusammensetzung weiterhin Bestandteile umfasst, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus: Waschtensiden, Enzymen, Farbstoffübertragungsinhibierungspolymeren, Schmutzabweisungsmitteln, Detergernsbuildern, nichtdetersiven Tensiden, Dispergiermittelpolymeren, Wasser, Ethanol und Mischungen hiervon.
  15. Verfahren, umfassend die Schritte:
    (a) Anordnen eines Kleidungsstücks innerhalb eines flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälters, wobei der flexible Umhüllungsbehälter umfasst:
    (i) einen flexible Platte, hergestellt aus einem Material, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus gewobenem Polyester, gewobenem Nylon oder einer Kombination hiervon; wobei die flexible Platte einen rechten Rand, einen linken Rand, einen oberen Rand und einen unteren Rand besitzt;
    (ii) mindestens zwei Verbindungsmittel, die benachbart dem unteren Rand der flexiblen Platte angeordnet sind, mit dem Zweck, den flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälter an einem zweiten flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälter zu befestigen;
    (iii) einen ersten und einen zweiten Gurt, wobei jeder Gurt benachbart zum oberen Rand der flexiblen Platte befestigt ist; und
    (iv) eine erste Befestigungseinrichtung, welche fixierbar und dauerhaft am ersten oder zweiten Gurt befestigt ist, sodass die Position der ersten Befestigungseinrichtung auf dem Gurt sich nicht ändert, und eine zweite Befestigungseinrichtung, die an dem ersten oder zweiten Gurt befestigt ist, durch Hindurchführen des Gurts durch die zweite Befestigungseinrichtung in einer solchen Weise, dass durch Änderung der Position der zweiten Befestigungseinrichtung auf dem Gurt, die Länge des Gurts erhöht oder verringert werden kann;
    (b) Anordnen des flexiblen Umhüllungsbehälters zusammen mit einer wirksamen Menge einer flüssigen Detergenszusammensetzung, die zum Waschen und Konditionieren empfindlichen Textilien geeignet ist, innerhalb einer Waschmaschine, wobei die Detergenszusammensetzung umfasst:
    i) ein anionisches Tensid;
    ii) ein quaternäres Ammoniumtensid, gewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus:
    Figure 00390001
    worin R1 und R2 individuell gewählt sind aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus C1-C4-Alkyl, C1-C4-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und - (C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat; X ein Anion ist; und (1) R3 und R4 jeweils ein C6-C14-Alkyl sind oder (2) R3 ein C6-C18-Alkyl ist und R4 aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, bestehend aus C1-C10-Alkyl, C1-C10-Hydroxyalkyl, Benzyl und -(C2H4O)xH, worin x einen Wert von 2 bis 5 hat, und Mischungen hiervon;
    iii) ein Silicon-Weichmachermittel; und
    iv) wahlweise einen Emulgator;
    wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von anionischen Tensiden zu quaternären Ammoniumtensiden 2:1 bis 3:1, vorzugsweise 2,2:1 bis 2,8:1, beträgt; und
    (c) Laufenlassen der Waschmaschine gemäß den Anweisungen des Herstellers.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, wobei vor Schritt (a) das Verfahren weiterhin die Schritte umfasst:
    (i) Auftragen einer Waschvorbehandlungszusammensetzung direkt auf eine Schmutzstelle, wobei die Schmutzstelle in Berührung mit einem absorbierenden Material, das eine lokalisierte Fläche des zu waschenden Kleidungsstücks bedeckt, steht;
    (ii) gleichzeitig mit Schritt (i) Anwenden mechanischer Wirkung auf die Schmutzstelle mittels eines Waschvorbehandlungsapplikators, wodurch die Schmutzstelle in das absorbierende Material übertragen wird; und
    (iii) wahlweise Abspülen der Waschvorbehandlungszusammensetzung von der lokalisierten Fläche des Kleidungsstücks.
  17. Kit nach Anspruch 11, wobei das Silicon-Weichmachermittel ein polyalkylenoxid-modifiziertes Polydimethylsiloxan ist.
  18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, wobei das Silicon-Weichmachermittel ein polyalkylenoxid-modifiziertes Polydimethylsiloxan ist.
  19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, wobei eine verbesserte Bügeleffizienz des Kleidungsstücks resultiert.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 19, wobei eine verringerte Faltenbildung des Kleidungsstücks resultiert.
  21. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 19-20, wobei das Kleidungsstück aus Seidefasern zusammengesetzt ist.
  22. Flüssige Detergenszusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend weiterhin ein Mannanaseenzym.
EP99956653A 1998-10-24 1999-10-22 Verfahren zum waschen von empfindlicher kleidung in einer waschmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP1123377B1 (de)

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WO2001025525A2 (en) * 1999-10-01 2001-04-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for laundering delicate garments in a washing machine
US6995124B1 (en) 1998-10-24 2006-02-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for laundering delicate garments in a washing machine
US7185380B2 (en) 1998-10-24 2007-03-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for laundering delicate garments in a washing machine comprising a woven acrylic coated polyester garment container
US6966696B1 (en) 1998-10-24 2005-11-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for laundering delicate garments in a washing machine
EP1290132B1 (de) * 2000-06-05 2008-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Textilpflegezusammensetzungen und systeme zur beschaffung von einem reinen frischen duft während eines behandlungsverfahrens mittels einer lipophilen flüssigkeit
EP1162254A1 (de) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-12 Clariant International Ltd. Flüssige Allzweckreinigungszusammensetzungen
EP1307547B1 (de) 2000-07-28 2005-10-26 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Neues amylolytisches enzym aus bacillus sp. a 7-7 (dsm 12368) sowie wasch- und reinigungsmittel mit diesem neuen amylolytischen enzym
US20020183226A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-12-05 Chandrika Kasturi Liquid detergent composition exhibiting enhanced alpha-amylase enzyme stability
GB0212157D0 (en) 2002-05-27 2002-07-03 Unilever Plc Fabric conditioning composition
US20050059571A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 John Mahdessian Comprehensive stain removal kit and method with absorbent backing material
ATE533832T1 (de) * 2005-10-24 2011-12-15 Procter & Gamble Textilpflegezusammensetzungen und systeme mit siliciumorganischen mikroemulsionen sowie verfahren damit
DE102007029485B4 (de) 2007-06-26 2010-06-17 D'heureuse, Hans-Joachim Verfahren zur Reinigung insbesondere empfindlichen Reinigungsgutes
US8470053B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2013-06-25 Fariborz Dawudian Compositions for laundering and subsequently drying delicate garments without incurring any damage and methods to use them
KR102305050B1 (ko) * 2013-12-06 2021-09-27 라이온 가부시키가이샤 액체 세정제
CN103776983B (zh) * 2014-01-27 2015-08-05 甘肃省交通科学研究院有限公司 岩土干湿循环实验装置
JP6598356B2 (ja) * 2014-07-31 2019-10-30 ライオン株式会社 繊維製品用液体洗浄剤
CN104297453B (zh) * 2014-11-03 2015-12-09 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种自动化岩样干湿循环试验仪器
CN113866327A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2021-12-31 邢玉伟 Lhj增溶剂在难溶食品添加剂定量测定中的应用
JP6940167B2 (ja) * 2018-02-02 2021-09-22 株式会社ミズタニ 繊維製品の洗濯方法
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