EP1115913B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung verschleissfester oberflächen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung verschleissfester oberflächen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1115913B1 EP1115913B1 EP99969127A EP99969127A EP1115913B1 EP 1115913 B1 EP1115913 B1 EP 1115913B1 EP 99969127 A EP99969127 A EP 99969127A EP 99969127 A EP99969127 A EP 99969127A EP 1115913 B1 EP1115913 B1 EP 1115913B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coated
- electrolyte
- workpiece
- flow direction
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/005—Apparatus specially adapted for electrolytic conversion coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/08—Electroplating with moving electrolyte e.g. jet electroplating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing wear-resistant, coated surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Methods of the type mentioned here are known. They are used, for example, one made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy surface, for example a bore surface, with a To provide oxide layer.
- To carry out the known workpiece coating process becomes the workpiece connected to the positive pole of a voltage source, thus forms the anode.
- One connected to the negative pole Lead plate forms the cathode that goes into the Hole is made.
- an electrolyte here dilute sulfuric acid.
- the Chamber has an inlet and an outlet and is flowed through by the electrolyte in one direction.
- the layer thickness of the aluminum oxide layer over the surface to be coated varies is, that is, is on one side of the workpiece the layer thickness of the oxide layer larger than on the other side. This allows desired shape tolerances the surface is not adhered to in all cases be so that the coated surface must be reworked, for example by Grinding, honing for high dimensional and shape accuracy to achieve.
- DE 1 909 870 describes a method for galvanic Deposition of metals on the outside and inner surfaces of porous, metallic or pre-metallized non-metallic moldings. It was found that both the outer as well as on the inner metallic surfaces of a porous molded body almost uniform galvanic metal deposition achieved can be if the electrolyte with a certain Speed, preferably at one speed from 80 to 130 cm / sec. through the pores of the shaped body serving as the cathode becomes. If the molding is very thick-walled, it will a decrease in the layer thickness of the metal deposit in the flow direction of the electrolyte observed. By reversing the flow direction in cycles of the electrolyte and by arrangement this disadvantage can be eliminated with two anodes.
- the surface to be coated is made of aluminum or is an aluminum alloy. It forms an oxide layer, also called an anodized layer referred to as.
- This form of electrolysis will also as anodizing or anodizing Oxidizing refers to the process of coating Workpiece as an anode and a lead plate, for example serve as cathode in a reaction chamber are introduced or adjoin them.
- the reaction chamber is an electrolyte, for example, dilute sulfuric acid.
- the anodized layer created by anodizing is hard and very resistant to chemical influences resistant.
- the surface to be coated is curved, especially cylindrical or flat.
- curved and flat Surfaces whose shape and / or their nominal size to be influenced.
- This is particularly advantageous inventive method in the coating of a Through or blind hole, on their dimension and Form accuracy high demands are made such as a bore for a valve piston a conveyor used in a vehicle.
- a hole proves in many cases their completion instead of a cylindrical one a conical shape, which when coating the Surface through the targeted reversal of the flow direction of the electrolyte balanced or can be fixed.
- the shape of flat surfaces by influencing the Layer thickness distribution specifically changed, in particular can be set. This is level Surfaces can be produced that have a high degree of dimensional accuracy exhibit.
- a device for performing the procedure comprises one with at least two connecting lines connected reaction space, a first of which Connection line as inlet and a second connection line as a process for one by means of a Conveyor transportable electrolyte serve.
- the material to be coated is placed in the reaction space Workpiece or the at least one surface introduced, at least in contact with the Brought electrolyte. It is also possible that Workpiece limits part of the reaction space or forms. This is for example at a workpiece with a hole to be coated possible. In the hole, the surface of which is coated an electrode is inserted.
- the device is characterized by this from that in the flow path of the electrolyte Transfer switch, for example a directional valve, is provided, with the help of the inlet and the process is interchangeable.
- the help of manually or automatically switchable switching device is a reversal of the direction of flow of the electrolyte through the reaction space to a defined Time possible, so that a constant layer thickness or different layer thicknesses on the too coating surface can be realized.
- hereby can be the shape of the surface, for example that of a hole, plate or the like, to be influenced.
- the inflow and outflow are in a preferred embodiment connected to the reaction space at a distance from one another, that the electrolyte is preferably at the whole, or at least a large part of it flows to the surface to be coated.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic sketch of a first exemplary embodiment a device 1 for production wear-resistant, coated surfaces, here a cylindrical one introduced into a workpiece 3 or substantially cylindrical blind bore 5.
- a device 1 for production wear-resistant, coated surfaces here a cylindrical one introduced into a workpiece 3 or substantially cylindrical blind bore 5.
- the blind hole 5 is one with a connected voltage source, not shown, inserted rod-shaped electrode 7, the first, diameter larger longitudinal section 9 and a second, smaller diameter longitudinal section 11 having.
- the diameter of the electrode 7 in the area of the first longitudinal section 9 corresponds to essentially the diameter of the blind bore 5, during the diameter of the second longitudinal section 11 is smaller than that of the blind hole, so that between the blind bore 5 and the electrode 7 in the area of the second longitudinal section 11 an annular space is formed.
- the electrode 7 In the electrode 7 is one to the longitudinal central axis 14 concentrically arranged through opening 15 brought in at the bottom of the blind hole 5 opposite end with a first connecting line 17 is connected. In the area of the first Longitudinal section 9 are two more in one Distance to the longitudinal central axis 14 arranged through holes 19 introduced into the electrode 7, connected to a second connecting line 21 are.
- the connecting lines 17, 21 are with a switching device connected here by a 4/2-way valve 23 is formed. On the directional valve 23 is a direct to a container 25 for an electrolyte-carrying return line 27 and one also connected to the container 25 delivery line 29 are connected.
- the structural design of the example here switching device formed by a directional valve is variable. It is important that with With the help of the switching device, the flow direction of the Electrolyte in the reaction space can be reversed.
- the workpiece 3 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy exists and that the device 1 for hard anodizing the surface of the blind hole 5 is used.
- the workpiece 3 serves this electrolysis process as an anode and is for this with the positive pole of the voltage source connected while in the blind hole 5 protruding ones, for example made of lead Electrode 7 with the negative pole of the voltage source is connected, that is, serves as a cathode.
- Electrolyte can be used in this method, for example dilute sulfuric acid can be used.
- the layer thickness distribution that is to say the thickness of the hard anodized surface 33 (shown with a broken line in FIG. 1) can be influenced in a defined manner by the specific choice of the reversal point in time of the flow direction of the electrolyte.
- the at least one reversal of the flow direction of the electrolyte during the coating process at a defined point in time means that the oxide layer has a smaller thickness at the end of the bore with the smaller diameter than at the other end with the larger diameter.
- the taper of the bore which is, for example, 6 .mu.m with a length of the bore of 40 mm to 50 mm, can be compensated for so that the bore has a cylindrical shape after the coating process.
- each a part of a workpiece 3 in the area of a Through hole 35 show a method of determination the reversal of the flow direction or the duration of the individual flow directions, explained in more detail.
- 2A is the through hole 35 after its manufacture and before hard anodizing and in Figure 2C after Hard anodizing shown.
- Figure 2B the Through hole 35 with its desired diameter and circular cylindrical shape.
- the through bore 35 has a conical shape after its production, that is to say the diameter of the through bore in the region of its openings is different.
- One diameter is marked with ⁇ 1VOr and the other with ⁇ 2vor .
- K is an empirically or arithmetically determinable constant or a parameter.
- the times for the individual flow directions are determined or calculated from the difference from ⁇ before - ⁇ after .
- the diameter difference between ⁇ 1nach and ⁇ 2nach is smaller than before the coating process; the taper is thus largely balanced in this embodiment.
- the taper can be at least better compensated for by the method described above than is possible by the known manufacturing method, also known as the Dalic method.
- Figures 3A and 3B each show a perspective View of part of another embodiment the device 1, in which the workpiece 3 is a plate, the level or essentially flat surface with an oxide layer is to be provided.
- the tubular one, the cathode forming electrode 7 is perpendicular to this or substantially perpendicular and at a distance to workpiece 3, which is in a reaction space, for example, in a bath, by a Electrolyte can be flowed through.
- the liquid electrolyte for example sulfuric acid
- the electrolyte hits the essentially in the middle of the plate and flows from there - as indicated by arrows 37 - in the direction the side edge of the workpiece 3. To a desired, determined empirically or mathematically Time the flow direction of the electrolyte is reversed, so that this from the side edge of the plate-shaped Workpiece 3 flows in the middle and via the through opening in the electrode 7 in the container is returned.
- each Flow directions can be the shape of the flat surface of the workpiece 3 and affects the layer thickness both in the marginal area and in the middle Area of the workpiece 3 can be set. Thereby can bumps on the surface to be coated Surface to be balanced.
- the thickness of the coating process generated layer both with curved can also be influenced on flat surfaces is.
- By controlling the layer thickness distribution is also a targeted influencing of Form of the coated surface possible.
- the design the device for the production of coated Surfaces for example the shape the one that forms the cathode during hard anodizing Electrode, the inlet and outlet connection for the Electrolyte and the like, is due to the shape of the coated surface and / or the workpiece customized.
- the electrolyte can be set with sufficient accuracy are.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Prinzipskizze eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung;
- Figuren 2A bis 2C
- jeweils einen Teil eines Werkstücks im Bereich einer Bohrung und
- Figuren 3A und 33
- jeweils eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung.
Claims (4)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung verschleißfester, beschichteter Oberflächen, mit mindestens zwei mit einer Spannungsquelle verbundenen Elektroden, die in einen von einem Elektrolyt durchströmten Reaktionsraum, in dem eich die zu beschichtende Oberfläche befindet, eingebracht sind beziehungsweise an diesen angrenzen, wobei die Strömungsrichtung des Elektrolyts während des Beschichtungsprozesses wenigstens einmal umgekehrt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die notwendige Formgenauigkeit der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche durch Einhalten bestimmter Durchflusszeiten eingestellt wird, dass die Zeitdauer, in der der Elektrolyt in eine bestimmte Richtung fließt, in Abhängigkeit der Form der Oberfläche des Werkstücks vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang festgelegt wird, dass zumindest die zu beschichtende Oberfläche aus Aluminium besteht oder eine Aluminiumlegierung ist, und dass sich daran eine Oxidschicht (Al2O3) bildet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche gekrümmt, insbesondere zylindrisch, oder plan ist.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die gezielte Umkehrung der Strömungsrichtung unterschiedliche Schichtdicken beziehungsweise Schichtstärken auf der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche erzeugt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die gezielte Umkehrung der Strömungsrichtung die Schichtstärkenverteilung auf der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche gezielt verändert werden kann.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19842284 | 1998-09-16 | ||
DE19842284A DE19842284A1 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung verschleißfester Oberflächen |
PCT/EP1999/006800 WO2000015877A2 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-14 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung verschleissfester oberflächen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1115913A2 EP1115913A2 (de) | 2001-07-18 |
EP1115913B1 true EP1115913B1 (de) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=7881081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99969127A Expired - Lifetime EP1115913B1 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-14 | Verfahren zur herstellung verschleissfester oberflächen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6896786B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1115913B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4472183B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19842284A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2359824B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000015877A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003066381A (ja) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-03-05 | Novartis Ag | 流体で物品を処理するためのシステム及び方法 |
EP1655091A1 (de) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Bearbeitung eines Bauteils und ein Bauteil mit Durchgangsloch |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1909870A1 (de) | 1969-02-27 | 1970-09-10 | Degussa | Verfahren zur galvanischen Abscheidung von Metallen auf poroese Formkoerper |
JPS5293636A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-08-06 | Suzuki Motor Co | Method of composite plating inner surfaces of cylinder |
DE4201466A1 (de) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-07-22 | Mahle Gmbh | Vorrichtung sowie verfahren zur herstellung von bewehrungsschichten auf zylinderlaufflaechen von verbrennungsmotoren u. dgl. |
WO2004074554A1 (de) | 1993-07-15 | 2004-09-02 | Kurt Maier | Vorrichtung sowie verfahren zur herstellung von bewehrungs-schichten auf zylinderlaufflächen von verbrennungsmotoren u.dgl. |
DE4337724A1 (de) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | Hoellmueller Maschbau H | Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung der Wandung von Bohrungen in elektrischen Leiterplatten oder Multilayern |
EP0991795B1 (de) * | 1998-04-21 | 2006-02-22 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Elektroplattierungssystem und verfahren zur elektroplattierung auf substraten |
-
1998
- 1998-09-16 DE DE19842284A patent/DE19842284A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-09-14 DE DE19981820T patent/DE19981820D2/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-09-14 GB GB0108763A patent/GB2359824B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-14 EP EP99969127A patent/EP1115913B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 WO PCT/EP1999/006800 patent/WO2000015877A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-14 US US09/787,045 patent/US6896786B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-14 JP JP2000570396A patent/JP4472183B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002525428A (ja) | 2002-08-13 |
WO2000015877A3 (de) | 2000-08-17 |
DE19981820D2 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
US6896786B1 (en) | 2005-05-24 |
WO2000015877A2 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
GB2359824B (en) | 2003-08-06 |
EP1115913A2 (de) | 2001-07-18 |
GB0108763D0 (en) | 2001-05-30 |
DE19842284A1 (de) | 2000-03-30 |
JP4472183B2 (ja) | 2010-06-02 |
GB2359824A (en) | 2001-09-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0565070B1 (de) | Verfahren zum galvanischen Aufbringen einer Oberflächenbeschichtung | |
DE3020824C2 (de) | Verfahren zum galvanischen Metallabscheiden | |
DE69307094T2 (de) | Strangpressmatrize und Matrizeeinsatz dafür | |
DE69112343T2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Metallfolie. | |
EP0335277B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum selektiven Elektroplattieren | |
DE2051578A1 (de) | Methode des Elektrofassonierens und Mittel des Verfahrens | |
DE10132408C2 (de) | Elektrode mit veränderbarer Form | |
EP1115913B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung verschleissfester oberflächen | |
WO2019214879A1 (de) | Elektrode für ein eloxal-verfahren | |
DE10344723B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines wenigstens ein Lagerauge aufweisenden Werkstückes | |
DE2700721C3 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Schnellabscheidung von Oltaschen aufweisenden Chromschichten auf zylindrischen Werkstücken | |
DE4430652C2 (de) | Galvanisches Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sowie dessen Verwendung zum galvanischen oder chemischen Behandeln, insbesondere zum kontinuierlichen Aufbringen metallischer Schichten auf einen Körper | |
DE2401575A1 (de) | Druckwalze fuer ein druck- bzw. farbdruckverfahren | |
EP0511543A1 (de) | Walze für eine Druckmaschine | |
WO2015120963A1 (de) | Anlage zur beschichtung von gegenständen | |
EP0829558A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Chromschicht auf einen Tiefdruck-zylinder | |
EP0850121A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum elektrochemischen bearbeiten von ausnehmungen | |
DE102011084052B4 (de) | Beschichteter Kolbenring mit scharfer Ölabstreifkante | |
EP1388596B1 (de) | Anlage zur kataphoretischen Tauchlackierung von Gegenständen | |
EP0276264B1 (de) | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen bearbeiten von werkstücken sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens | |
DE3131367C2 (de) | Verfahren und Elektrode zur galvanoplastischen Herstellung formbildender Metallwerkzeuge | |
DE102011084051B4 (de) | Beschichteter Kolbenring mit radial zunehmender Schichtdicke und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
DE3147426C2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum partiellen Galvanisieren | |
DE19931774A1 (de) | Mikrostanzwerkzeuge, Mikrostanzvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikrostanzwerkzeugen und Niederhaltern | |
DE102012110016A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Vertiefung mit Hinterschneidung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010417 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): FR IT |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20011114 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: METHOD FOR PRODUCING WEAR RESISTING SURFACES |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8566 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): FR IT |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20031208 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20120924 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20121011 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20140530 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130930 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130914 |