EP1114975A2 - Spiral heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The spiral heat exchanger (1) consists of several media-carrying spiral elements (3). Each spiral element (3) is provided with a partially longitudinally slotted central tube (4) with an inlet chamber that can be acted on at the front and an outlet chamber with media outlet at the front, as well as with a crosspiece attached to the central tube (4) in the area of the longitudinal slot and facing away from the central tube (4). An end section (9) defining an overflow area is formed in a wedge-shaped and here tightly closed, multi-channel profile (5) curved spirally around the central tube (4). The multi-channel profile (5) can be formed from an extruded aluminum profile that is divided into lengths. A high-temperature resistant steel sheet welded construction is also conceivable. <IMAGE>

Description

Spiral heat exchangers are technical devices that are relatively small Construction volume a high effective heat exchange between the same or allow different media.

The vast majority of the known spiral heat exchangers are liable the disadvantage of (e.g. the spiral heat exchanger of EP 0 380 419 B1), that they use relatively expensive procedures for complicated work processes manufactured and welded or soldered multidimensionally have to.

In the scope of EP 0 529 819 B1, however, it is already known to extrude Multi-channel profiles by spiral winding to a spiral heat exchanger to train. The media connections are in this proposal to the curved multi-channel profiles once inside and once on Outer circumference of the spiral heat exchanger. This design does not allow compact design of a spiral heat exchanger and is therefore in the Limited range of applications. It is also due to the outside Media connections the rotational symmetry and thus the pressure stability impaired.

Another peculiarity of the known spiral heat exchangers are their relative high pressure drops. If these are to be reduced, however, the compactness limited. This spiral heat exchanger is also designed as a so-called safety spiral heat exchanger with only one exceptionally high effort possible.

Furthermore, in the known cases, it is difficult to use several different ones Bring media flows into a heat-exchanging contact can.

The object of the invention is based on the prior art to create a spiral heat exchanger that is avoiding of the disadvantages mentioned above is simple and, in particular in mass production for integration in automobiles with fuel cells, can be manufactured efficiently and inexpensively.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in the features of claim 1.

Such a spiral heat exchanger comprises at least two spiral elements, in which media of different temperatures flow. It can different media or identical media. Every spiral element is made up of a partially longitudinally slit central tube with at least a front media connection as well as one in the area of the longitudinal slot transversely attached to the central tube, spirally around the Central tube curved multi-channel profile together, the width of one Multiple times the height. The end section facing away from the central tube defines an overflow area for a medium. Each in heat exchange standing media enter a multi-channel profile through a central tube and flow in this up to the overflow area. This can be connected to the overflow area of another spiral element be axially attached to the first spiral element. Then flows here the medium again from the overflow area to the central tube and out this from an end media connection. A spiral element can but also by an appropriate inner design one from the central tube to an overflow area and from this overflow area again complete flow path directed back to the central tube for a medium have.

Regardless of the design, a spiral heat exchanger designed in this way guarantees a perfect heat exchange between the Media in the intimately surrounding spiral elements. The supply and discharge The media is only supplied via the core area of the spiral heat exchanger central tubes. Because of the special design Each spiral element can have several spiral elements nested tightly one inside the other and, depending on the application, also carry more than two media. The spiral heat exchanger is therefore extremely compact and can be used high exchange performance can be configured comparatively small volume. This makes the use in automobiles with fuel cells particularly advantageous.

The invention allows only the spiral elements to carry the media or additionally the areas between two nested ones Spiral elements are loaded with at least one medium. The Areas between the spiral elements are then optionally over a multi-channel central feed pipe and also under Under certain circumstances, multi-channel central discharge pipe with feed and discharge lines connected.

Furthermore, the invention allows the radial width of the spiral elements can be designed differently, so that the throughput quantities can vary.

By dividing a single media stream into a larger number of spiral elements with a reduced radial width per media stream can also reduce the pressure drop while at the same time Improvement in thermodynamic efficiency can be effected.

Since the multi-channel profiles are closed on the side, the Spiral heat exchanger no complicated, especially spiral, To be welded. The connections of the multi-channel profiles the central tubes are only through longitudinal seams, in particular through Welding ensured. Due to the multi-channel nature, the flow paths are short. This results in low temperature stresses.

Regardless of which design is used, it can be according to the invention may be advantageous two or more spiral heat exchangers to connect in series. In this way, a performance adjustment be made during operation. So the entire facility for example when starting with a lower output and smaller ones Exchanger surfaces are operated. Only after reaching the full load situation all exchanger surfaces are switched on. Depending on the current The entire facility can then operate with the optimal efficiency. Also a shutdown a spiral heat exchanger or several spiral heat exchangers during an operation is quite possible.

The radially outer end sections defining overflow areas the spiral elements can be formed by deforming the multi-channel profiles his. Pipes of various cross-sections are also conceivable, however are attached to the front of the multi-channel profiles. The different cross sections can be produced by deforming round tubes.

A further solution to the object on which the invention is based is shown in seen the features of claim 2.

This type is in principle like the type of solution according to claim 1 built up, only with the difference that now the supply and discharge the media via outer tubes located on the radially outer circumference takes place and the overflow areas are located radially inside.

Again, each medium can be in a single spiral element from the outside flow inwards and then from the inside out again or can two spiral elements can be axially placed in such a way that in one Spiral element the medium from the outside in, then over the overflow area flows into the neighboring spiral element and from there again flows from the inside out.

In the context of this design, it is also conceivable that according to claim 3 the connections of the outer pipes that feed a medium on the one hand and the connections of the outer pipes that discharge a medium on the other hand are connected to each other in a media-conducting manner via ring channels. The axial length is reduced.

The design according to claims 2 and 3 is under practical Considerations used in particular when one on the front Spiral heat exchanger in the radial direction has only a limited installation space is available.

A third solution to the problem underlying the invention is in sees the features of claim 4.

According to this embodiment, a part of the spiral elements from Center and another part from the radially outer area acted upon. In this case, it will be useful again on the outer circumference Ring channels are provided, which are connected to outer tubes during the media connections located radially inside now have a common, but can get axially narrower central connection. If at this embodiment, only a part of the spiral elements acted on from the inside pressure drop when the media flows are diverted the end portions of the spiral elements can be significantly reduced.

If necessary, the spiral elements according to claim 5 of be encased in a cylindrical housing. The gap between the radially outer surfaces of the spiral elements and the inner wall of the housing is filled with a sealing material. Depending on the application of the spiral heat exchanger can be a highly temperature-resistant Trade sealing material.

According to claim 6, the spiral heat exchanger can at least in terms its spiral elements can be rotated about its longitudinal axis. This is e.g. then expedient if the spiral heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, for example of gasoline, as part of a so-called fuel cell to be used. It is to accelerate the evaporation effect then it makes sense to set the spiral heat exchanger in rotation. Because of the medium to be evaporated accelerates during rotation in the radial direction, associated with an increase in pressure, which in turn is synonymous with faster evaporation.

Aiming at the fuel cell's intended use, this can Gasoline in a much shorter time than in a stationary operation evaporate from a spiral heat exchanger and thus the evaporation process be significantly accelerated.

If gasoline is to be vaporized, it is advantageous if as an exchange medium Superheated steam is used.

When the spiral heat exchanger according to the invention is used as a compressor should be, especially if air is to be compressed, so becomes an acceleration due to the rotation of the entire spiral heat exchanger the air reaches in the radial direction. This is an increase pressure, which leads to faster compression of the air.

In this case, cold water is preferably used as the exchange medium to use.

As stated above, the spiral heat exchanger according to the invention can stationary, i.e. operated at standstill as a pure heat exchanger become. But it is also conceivable with regard to e.g. faster and more intensive evaporation on the one hand and compression on the other perform rotary operation.

When using the spiral heat exchanger as a compressor it is of essential interest that the air is then in the areas between at least two spiral elements is guided. At the end of these flow paths are closed with respect to at least one spiral wall, a coolant can then flow in the spiral elements.

It is also possible according to the invention to use a compressor with an expansion device Coupled (turbine) designed spiral heat exchanger. By doing In particular, air is compressed on its flow path by the compressor inner areas compressed to the radially outer areas. Of In the overflow areas, the compressed air becomes axially adjacent Spiral heat exchanger supplied radially from the outside and then attaches there again in the spiral elements from radially outside to radially inside Flow path back. At the same time, a coolant flows in the case of a turbine in the spiral elements, so in this way a turbocharger is created.

Another mode of operation of the spiral heat exchanger can be that heat exchange takes place between two media and at least one of these media is to be funded at the same time. Under this Premise are the features of claim 7 of particular Advantage. As a result, the radially outer end portions of the Central pipes connected and in particular rotatable in a housing Spiral elements bent like a wing towards the inner wall of the housing. This creates quasi guiding surfaces. Then there is a rotation of the spiral elements, heat exchange is effected on one side and on the other hand at least one of the media through the bent Guiding surfaces exposed to a pumping action and thus a certain one Goal promoted.

According to the features of claim 8, two radially adjacent, axially displaceable spiral elements one with Radial openings provided the size of the other spiral element are at least indirectly changeable. Then if the other spiral element still with spacers and these spacers with sliding feet be equipped that can slide over the radial openings, it is possible by an axial relative displacement of the two spiral elements, the Enlarge or reduce openings. In this way, in particular an advantageous mode of operation when condensing a medium be achieved.

The axial displaceability of at least two nested Spiral elements can also be used to create an intermediate to either condense the medium guided by the two spiral elements, wherein a cooling fluid flows in the spiral elements or it becomes between the fluid guided fluid relaxed or pumped, wherein then a higher temperature medium is guided in the spiral elements.

According to the features of claim 9, the transverse edge of the now wedge-shaped end portion of a spiral element on the radially outer flat side of the with respect to the central tube or Outer tube in the direction of curvature adjacent spiral element, especially welded. This design can be used independently whether the spiral heat exchanger is integrated in a housing or not.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is in the features characterized in claim 10. Then the central pipes point or the outer tubes of the spiral elements each have an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, which through in the central tubes or in the outer tubes tightly inserted transverse walls are separated from each other. This Design allows the respective one to be guided within a spiral element Medium from radially inside or radially outside to radially outside or radially inside and back again.

According to claim 11 summarizes each transverse wall with a nose-like Projection between two the flat sides of the multi-channel profiles of the spiral elements spacing ribs that maintain a distance and form individual channels, see above works especially when setting, preferably by welding, one Multi-channel profile on a central tube or on an outer tube of the projection as a centering welding gauge. About the freely selectable height of the Spacer ribs can also be spiral elements with different volume throughput to be provided.

The defined by the wedge-shaped end sections of the multi-channel profiles Overflow areas for the media can thereby according to claim 12 formed that the spacer ribs from the central tubes or extend the outer tubes up to the wedge-shaped end sections. In the wedge-shaped end sections are then no longer spacer ribs.

The contact of the flat sides of two adjacent multi-channel profiles is with wire inserts according to the features of the claim 13 further improved. These wire inserts are used when the Multi-channel profiles inserted. They are in the range between two Spacer ribs, i.e. So in the channel area, so that then due to the resilient Preload between two spiral elements zones are created which, especially in so-called safety spiral heat exchangers, exercise their safety function.

Another possibility, between two circumferentially adjacent Spiral elements to create security zones, particularly in the case of Safety spiral heat exchangers will come into their own seen in the features of claim 14. After that are on the radially outer flat sides of the multi-channel profiles differ from the Central tubes or the outer tubes from up to the wedge-shaped end sections extending, wedge-shaped at both ends towards the flat sides tapering circumferential ribs provided. Limit these circumferential ribs consequently also channels and extending in the winding direction also practice a distance function to the neighboring spiral element out. If necessary, the security zones between two spiral elements be charged with at least one neutral medium. The wedge-shaped end sections facilitate the creation of a cylindrical Outer contour of the spiral heat exchanger.

The security zones between two spiral elements can also be used accordingly Claim 15 be formed. After that are the edges radially inner flat sides of the multi-channel profiles differ from the Central tubes or the outer tubes from up to the transverse edges of the end sections extending, tapering in the region of the end sections End ribs provided, and in the central longitudinal plane of the multi-channel profiles central ribs run from the central tubes or the outer tubes to the end sections. But there are also other conceivable ones Longitudinal ribs between the end ribs and the middle ribs. All the ribs then act with the peripheral ribs of the adjacent spiral elements together. It is also using this embodiment conceivable that two mutually adjacent spiral elements with respect to the Longitudinal axis of the spiral heat exchanger are offset from each other, so that the circumferential ribs, end ribs, middle ribs and possibly the longitudinal ribs a spiral element between the ribs of the adjacent one Spiral elements come to rest on their flat sides and the spiral elements can be clamped together to form a spiral heat exchanger.

The security zones between two spiral elements can also be used accordingly Claim 16 be formed. After that is between the Circumferential ribs of the multi-channel profile of a spiral element on the one hand and the End ribs as well as the central rib of the multi-channel profile of the radially adjacent one Spiral element, on the other hand, integrates an insert sheet that itself from the common longitudinal axis of the spiral elements to approximately itself extends wedge-shaped tapered longitudinal sections of the circumferential ribs. An insert plate prevents the various ribs from sliding into one another. In addition, a center chicane should also be used in this embodiment to get integrated. Because of the middle chicane is also regarding the Security zones between two spiral elements ensure that one Medium introduced here first from the inside out and then again flows from the outside in or vice versa. The supply and discharge of the medium depends on the design of a spiral heat exchanger the features of claims 1 to 4.

According to claim 17, the multi-channel profiles can be divided into lengths extruded aluminum profiles. In the area of later the multi-channel profiles stretched there become wedge-shaped end sections then, for example, with an appropriately trained milling cutter from the Spacer ribs freed. Then the flat sides are merged, until their front edges lie together. These front edges are after that tightly connected, especially welded. The long edges of the Flat sides are sealed in the end sections, preferably welded.

The multi-channel profiles with circumferential ribs, end ribs, middle ribs and if necessary, longitudinal ribs can be according to the features of the claim 18 also made of extruded aluminum sections divided into lengths be educated. In this case, first the circumferential ribs as well the center ribs are removed in the area of the wedge-shaped end sections. Moreover end portions adjacent to the peripheral ribs are chamfered in a wedge shape. The length of these areas corresponds approximately to the length of the end sections. The side ribs are led to the edges, however tapered in the area of the end sections. The cuts and bevels can be created by milling.

In the context of claim 19 is a high temperature resistant Sheet steel welded construction claimed. Here, the spacer ribs welded vertically on a sheet steel strip. This is then bent in the transverse direction to form a multi-channel profile its longitudinal edges are then welded together again.

The spacer ribs have already on the before welding Sheet steel strips a length equal to the length of a wedge-shaped end section is shorter. The same situation applies to the embodiment with circumferential ribs, end ribs, central ribs and, if necessary, longitudinal ribs, which can be configured accordingly before welding. As The welding method can preferably be used with laser welding.

To the in the steel sheet welded construction according to claim 19 To ensure bending of the spacer ribs over the vertical axis, it is after Claim 20 useful, the spacer ribs, especially on the radially inner longitudinal edges, preferably with wedge-shaped incisions to provide. These then close when winding. To this The spacer ribs do not become wise in the case of the spiral curvature Subjected to constraints. Need the radially outer longitudinal edges just to be slit.

Figur 1

im Schema im vertikalen Querschnitt einen Spiralwärmeaustauscher;

Figur 2

im Schema in der Stirnansicht ein einzelnes Spiralelement des Spiralwärmeaustauschers der Figur 1;

Figur 3

in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung, teilweise im Schnitt, das Spiralelement der Figur 2 in gestreckter Lage;

Figur 4

in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung, teilweise im Schnitt, ein Zentralrohr des Spiralelements der Figuren 2 und 3;

Figur 5

in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung, teilweise im Schnitt, eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Spiralelements in gestreckter Lage;

Figur 6

einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 3 entlang der Linie VI-VI in Richtung der Pfeile Vla gesehen;

Figur 7

einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 5 entlang der Linie VII-VII in Richtung der Pfeile Vlla gesehen;

Figur 8

einen Teilquerschnitt durch zwei einander benachbarte Spiralelemente entsprechend der Ausführungsform der Figuren 5 und 7;

Figur 9

einen Teilquerschnitt durch zwei einander benachbarte Spiralelemente gemäß der Ausführungsform der Figur 3 mit zusätzlichen Drahteinlagen;

Figur 10

in schematischer perspektivischer Teilansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, einen in gestreckter Lage dargestellten Längenabschnitt eines Spiralelements gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Figur 11

einen schematischen vertikalen Teil-Querschnitt durch einen Spiralwärmeaustauscher entsprechend einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Figur 12

im vertikalen schematischen Längsschnitt einen Spiralwärmeaustauscher gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform;

Figur 13

eine Stirnansicht auf den Spiralwärmeaustauscher der Figur 12;

Figur 14

in schematischer Stirnansicht eine vierte Ausführungsform eines Spiralwärmeaustauschers;

Figur 15

im schematischen vertikalen Längsschnitt eine fünfte Ausführungsform eines Spiralwärmeaustauschers;

Figur 16

eine schematische Stirnansicht auf den Spiralwärmeaustauscher der Figur 15;

Figur 17

in schematischer Stirnansicht eine sechste Ausführungsform eines Spiralwärmeaustauschers und

Figur 18

im vertikalen schematischen Längsschnitt einen Ausschnitt aus einem Spiralwärmeaustauscher gemäß einer siebten Ausführungsform und

Figur 19

eine schematische Stirnansicht auf den Spiralwärmeaustauscher der Figur 18.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

in the diagram in vertical cross section a spiral heat exchanger;

Figure 2

in the diagram in the front view of a single spiral element of the spiral heat exchanger of Figure 1;

Figure 3

in a schematic perspective view, partly in section, the spiral element of Figure 2 in the extended position;

Figure 4

in a schematic perspective view, partly in section, a central tube of the spiral element of Figures 2 and 3;

Figure 5

in a schematic perspective view, partly in section, a further embodiment of a spiral element in the extended position;

Figure 6

seen a vertical cross section through the representation of Figure 3 along the line VI-VI in the direction of arrows Vla;

Figure 7

seen a vertical cross section through the representation of Figure 5 along the line VII-VII in the direction of the arrows Vlla;

Figure 8

a partial cross section through two mutually adjacent spiral elements according to the embodiment of Figures 5 and 7;

Figure 9

a partial cross section through two adjacent spiral elements according to the embodiment of Figure 3 with additional wire inserts;

Figure 10

in a schematic perspective partial view, partly in section, a length section of a spiral element shown in a stretched position according to a further embodiment;

Figure 11

a schematic vertical partial cross section through a spiral heat exchanger according to another embodiment;

Figure 12

in a vertical schematic longitudinal section a spiral heat exchanger according to a third embodiment;

Figure 13

an end view of the spiral heat exchanger of Figure 12;

Figure 14

a fourth embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger in a schematic front view;

Figure 15

in a schematic vertical longitudinal section a fifth embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger;

Figure 16

a schematic front view of the spiral heat exchanger of Figure 15;

Figure 17

a schematic front view of a sixth embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger and

Figure 18

in the vertical schematic longitudinal section a section of a spiral heat exchanger according to a seventh embodiment and

Figure 19

is a schematic end view of the spiral heat exchanger of Figure 18.

In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a spiral heat exchanger, as it is e.g. used in automotive engineering in connection with fuel cells.

The spiral heat exchanger 1 comprises in a cylindrical housing 2 eight spiral elements 3 that can be seen in more detail in FIG. 2. The spiral elements 3 are arranged offset to one another in the circumferential direction and axially one inside the other pushed (nested).

Each spiral element 3 consists of one based on FIGS. 3 and 4 explained central tube 4 and a spiral curved around the central tube 4 Multi-channel profile 5, which is also based on Figure 3 below is explained in more detail (Figure 2). The central tubes 4 of the spiral elements 3 are all on the same pitch circle 6 (Figure 1).

The transverse edges 7 of the spiral elements 3 facing away from the central tubes 4 are each on the surface 8 of the radially outer flat side 21 of the spiral element adjacent with respect to the central tube 4 in the direction of curvature 3 fixed by welding.

Characterized in that the end sections 9 of the spiral elements 3 are wedge-shaped are, the spiral heat exchanger 1 has a front view according to FIG. 1 an essentially cylindrical contour. The gap 10 between the radially outer surfaces 8 of the spiral elements 3 and the inner wall 11 the housing 2 is filled with a sealing material 12.

As shown in Figure 1 by dots or crosses, there are four Central tubes 4 with the medium A and the other four central tubes 4 with applied to the medium B. Media A and B are on different media Temperature levels. In addition, the dots and crosses should Counterflow principle can be illustrated.

According to Figures 3 and 4 is in each central tube 4 in a coaxial assignment an inlet chamber 13 for a medium A or B and an outlet chamber 14 trained. The inlet chamber 13 and the outlet chamber 14 are separated by a transverse wall 15 with a nose-like projection 16 Cut. The entry chamber 13 is connected via the end face 17 with e.g. applied to the medium A. Via the opposite end face 18 the medium A leaves the outlet chamber 14.

It can also be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4 that the central tube 4 in the area of the inlet chamber 13 and the outlet chamber 14 with a Longitudinal slot 19 is provided, which does not extend over the entire length of the Central tube 4 extends.

At the circumferential area 20 of the longitudinal slot 19 provided Central tube 4, a multi-channel profile 5 is welded transversely. Such one Multi-channel profile 5 can, according to the embodiment in FIG. 6, consist of one extruded aluminum profile divided to length. His Width B1 corresponds to a multiple of height H. The two flat sides 21, 22 of the multi-channel profile 5 are laterally through longitudinal walls 23 and between the longitudinal walls 23 connected by spacer ribs 24. In this way, 5 individual channels 25 in two channel strands are in the multi-channel profile 45, 46 formed.

The individual channels 25 in the channel strand 45 are in the longitudinal slot 19 Central tube 4 with the inlet chamber 13 and in the duct 46 with the outlet chamber 14 in medium-conducting connection (Figure 3).

The nose-like projection 16 formed on the transverse wall 15 is used for Welding the multi-channel profile 5 to the central tube 4 as a centering (Welding gauge) by reaching into a single channel 25.

The end section 9 of the multi-channel profile 5 facing away from the central tube 4 wedge-shaped. For this purpose the lengths of the Spacer ribs 24 are milled away in this end section 9. There remain Ends of flat sides 21, 22 and wedge-shaped side wall regions 26. Then the end of the flat side 21 according to the arrow PF in Figure 3 in the direction bent to the end of the other flat side 22. Then be the front edges 27 of the flat sides 21, 22 to the transverse edge 7 and the side edges 28 welded to the side wall regions 26.

The multi-channel profile 5 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 then becomes spiral curved.

3 and a current filament STF of the medium A is the Flow through a spiral element 3 exemplified. Here will assumes that the stretched spiral element 3 of FIG. 3 corresponding to Figure 2 is spirally curved. The medium A occurs over the End face 17 in the inlet chamber 13 and from here passes through the Longitudinal slot 19 in the channel strand 45 in the multi-channel profile 5, which with the Entry chamber 13 is connected. The medium A flows through the channel line 45 and passes over the overflow area formed in the end section 9 ÜB in the channel line 46, which is connected to the outlet chamber 14 is. The medium A then leaves the spiral element 3 via the end face 18 of the outlet chamber 14.

FIG. 5 shows a spiral element 3a in an extended position, at which the multi-channel profile 5a has a cross section as shown in FIG. 7 is shown. This means that it is also an extruded one at first and then aluminum profile divided to length, which fits both on the In the installed state, radially outer flat sides 21 have circumferential ribs 29 and on the radially inner flat sides 22 lateral end ribs 30, a central rib 31 in the central longitudinal plane and possibly between the End ribs 30 and the central rib 31 has further longitudinal ribs 32.

A multichannel profile 5a extruded in this way and divided into lengths becomes processed with respect to the inner spacing ribs 24 exactly as with the Figure 3 explains. Furthermore, the circumferential ribs 29 in the region of the end section 9 completely removed and in an adjacent area 33, whose length corresponds approximately to the length of the end section 9, wedge-shaped at 34 educated. The longitudinal sections lying in the area of the end section 9 35 of the lateral end ribs 30 are wedge-shaped here designed. The central rib 31 is also in the region of the end section 9 away. Also the ends 47 of the circumferential ribs adjoining the central tube 4 29 beveled.

After the flat sides 21, 22 are brought together with their end edges 27 are the front edges 27 to the transverse edges 7 and the side edges 28 welded to the side wall regions 26. Following that the multi-channel profile 5a is welded to the central tube 4 to form the spiral element 3a and then curved spirally.

Lying e.g. 11 two spiral elements 3a radially next to each other, overflow areas are thus not only in the end sections 9 of the multi-channel profiles 5a ÜB formed for the respective media A, B, but by the Ribs 29, 30, 31 and optionally 32 also spiral channels in the Area 36 between two multi-channel profiles 5a. These areas 36 act then as safety zones, for example in a safety spiral heat exchanger. The regions 36 can optionally be combined with one, in particular neutral, fluid are applied.

Otherwise, the embodiment of FIG. 5 corresponds to that of the figure 3, so that there is no further explanation.

The spiral elements 3a according to FIGS. 5 and 7 can thus be assigned to one another that the peripheral ribs 29 of a spiral element 3a with the terminating ribs 30, the central rib 31 and optionally the longitudinal ribs 32 of a radially adjacent spiral element 3a each in the same Cross planes run. It is also conceivable according to FIG. 8 that the Multi-channel profiles 5a of two adjacent spiral elements 3a in the axial direction of the spiral heat exchanger 1 are offset from one another such that the circumferential ribs 29 on the one multi-channel profile 5a are located radially on the inside Contact flat side 22 of the adjacent multi-channel profile 5a, while the finishing ribs 30, the central rib 31 and possibly the Longitudinal ribs 32 of the radially outer multichannel profile 5a are the radially outer ones Contact flat side 21 of the inner multi-channel profile 5a.

Instead of the rib construction according to FIGS. 5 and 7, however, can also a design can be used, which consists of a combination of Design according to Figures 3 and 9 exists. Here is based on the figure 9 to recognize that between two radially adjacent spiral elements 3 in the areas of the individual channels 25 of the multi-channel profiles 5 extending from the central tubes 4 to the end sections 9 Wire inserts 37 are provided. When installing the spiral elements 3 consequently, the wire inlays 37 are stretched so that the radially inside and radially outer flat sides 22, 21 are deformed in an undulating manner such an intimate metallic contact (heat conduction) under pre-tension cause.

The embodiment schematically illustrated in the extended position in FIG. 3 a spiral element 3 can also according to the embodiment of Figure 10 be made.

The central tube 4 remains unchanged. The welded to the central tube 4 Multi-channel profile 5b of the spiral element 3b consists of a high temperature resistant welded sheet steel construction.

First, spacing ribs 24a are edged onto one another in the longitudinal direction Sheet steel strips 38 welded. Then this is with the spacer ribs 24a provided steel sheet strips 38 bent transversely to the multi-channel profile 5b and its longitudinal edges 39 then welded together.

So that this multi-channel profile 5b can easily spiral around a central tube 4 can be curved, are preferably the radially inner longitudinal edges 40 of the spacer ribs 24a are provided with wedge-shaped incisions 41. The outer longitudinal edges 40 can also have such incisions 41 be provided.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10, that which is not shown remains Central tube 4 facing away from the end of the multi-channel profile 5b in the area of the wedge-shaped end section 9 not shown here inner surfaces free of spacer ribs 24a. That is, the spacer ribs 24a can be fixed exactly to length before welding.

The same applies if the embodiment according to FIG. 10 by circumferential ribs 29, end ribs 30, a central rib 31 and optionally Longitudinal ribs 32 are supplemented, as described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 7 has been. These ribs 29-32 can then be used directly when welding Embodiment of Figure 10 can be determined with. They are lengthwise in advance configured. The welding is preferably carried out using laser beams.

FIG. 11 shows the embodiment of a in vertical partial cross section Spiral heat exchanger 1a with a total of four spiral elements 3a according to the embodiment of Figures 5 and 7.

In addition, between the circumferential ribs 29 of a spiral element 3a on the one hand and the end ribs 30 and the central rib 31 and, if appropriate also the further longitudinal ribs 32 of the radially adjacent spiral element 3a, on the other hand, integrates an insert plate 42. This insert sheet 42 extends from the common longitudinal axis 43 of the spiral elements 3a up to approximately the wedge-shaped tapering longitudinal sections 34 of FIG Circumferential ribs 29 (see also Figure 5).

The areas 44 between two insert sheets 42 are thus also sealed off.

Also, as FIG. 11 shows, the spiral heat exchanger 1a can have at least one a central baffle 48 in the form of a sheet, which in each area 44 a spiral flowing up and down Flow of a medium A or B guaranteed. The areas 44 are then Via end piece 49 with feed and discharge lines that can be seen in FIG in connection.

From the figures 12 and 13 is an embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger in the diagram 1b recognizable, in which a Housing 2 seen two groups 50, 51 of two nested in each other Spiral elements 3c are provided. The central tubes 4a of both Groups 50, 51 are separated from each other so that the central tubes 4a of the group 50 media supplied, in the radially outer overflow area Transfer from group 50 to group 51 and via the central tubes 4a of group 51 are removed again. The flow of the Media is characterized by the STF current threads.

The design of the individual spiral elements 3c can correspond to the Embodiments described above take place.

The radially outer end portions 9 of the spiral elements 3c, which The overflow areas UB are defined by an approximately triangular deformation formed by circular tubes (Figure 13).

With reference to Figures 12 and 13 is also in dash-dotted lines for example, illustrates how the design and operation of the spiral heat exchanger 1b can be realized if in the Spiral elements 3c a medium and another medium between the Spiral elements 3c flows in mutual heat exchange.

For this purpose, the central tubes 4a are each with their end faces Connections 59, 60 connected to housings 61. The housings 61 are then each with a tubular feed line 62 and a tubular one Lead 63 provided.

Walls 64, 65 are drawn in at the front of the housing 2. The walls 64, 65 are channeled, which is due to the dash-dotted lines is illustrated.

The medium enters the wall 64 at 66 and reaches the wall from here 64 to the central area of the housing 2 and flows here in the group 50 radially outward between the spiral elements 3c. In the radially outer Area enters the medium according to the dash-dotted lines Streams STF over to group 51 and flows here between the Spiral elements 3c from the radially outer area to the radially inner area Area. Here the medium then enters the channels of the wall 65 and flows in wall 65 radially outward and leaves housing 2 at 67.

The mode of operation described above with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 is of course also with the other types in an adapted form conceivable.

A spiral heat exchanger 1c is shown in the diagram in FIG which both at the radially inner ends of the arranged in a housing 2 Spiral elements 3d as well as at the radially outer ends circular tubes 52, 53 are provided. The lengths between the tubes 52 and 53 can according to Figures 3 or 5 to 13 be formed. The spiral heat exchanger 1c can be of various types Operated in a manner.

If the spiral heat exchanger 1c is to be operated as a direct current, so the media can enter the spiral elements 3d via the central tubes 52 and via the radially outer ones that define the overflow areas UB Pipes 53 are deflected. The media in the spiral elements 3d can be different or identical.

However, it is also conceivable that in the case of a direct current, the spiral heat exchanger 1c is operated so that the media over the radially outside lying tubes 53 enter the spiral elements 3d and over the radial central tubes 52, which then define the overflow areas be redirected.

The media can also be identical or different in this mode of operation his.

Furthermore, the spiral heat exchanger shown in Figure 14 can 1c can be operated as a counterflow. The flow of the Medium in the one spiral element 3d from the inside out and in the other spiral element 3d from the outside in. The media can be different or be identical. The flow directions are in this case indicated with the STF current threads

Based on the embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger 1d of the figures 15 and 16 illustrate that infeed and outfeed the media via the outer tubes 53 of the spiral elements 3d the outer tubes 53 are then connected to one another via ring channels 54, 55 located outside a housing 2 are connected to the media. The spiral elements are 3d again divided into two groups 50, 51. The spiral elements 3d of the group 50 are connected via their outer tubes 53 to the ring channel 54, while the spiral elements 3d of group 51 via their outer tubes 53 with the Ring channel 55 are connected. The central tubes 52 of the spiral elements 3d are formed jointly for both groups 50 and 51, that is, here they form the overflow areas ÜB.

The media flow into the ring channel according to arrow PF1, for example 54 and get from here into the outer tubes 53 of the spiral elements 3d of group 50. In the inner circumferential area, the media flow over the Groups 50 and 51 connecting central tubes 52 according to the arrow PF2 into the spiral elements 3d of group 51 and get back from here to the outer tubes 53, from where they pass into the ring channel 55 and then flow out according to arrow PF3.

FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger 1e, in which the radially outer, defining the overflow areas ÜB End sections 9a of the connected to central tubes 4a and in a housing 2 to rotate about a longitudinal axis 43 spiral elements 3e Inner wall 11 of the housing 2 are bent wing-like. Arise then guiding surfaces. When the spiral elements 3e rotate about the longitudinal axis 43 can then generate heat exchange as well as through the bent end portions 9a a pumping effect can be achieved.

In this embodiment, which is otherwise like the type shown in FIG 12 can be formed, for example, the media flow over the Central tubes 4a enter the spiral elements 3e of one group 50 from here to the wing-like bent end sections 9a transferred there to the other group 51, arrive from the end sections 9a to the other central tubes 4a and then leave the spiral heat exchanger 1e again.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show an embodiment of a spiral heat exchanger 1f, in which of at least two nested Spiral elements 3f, 3g one, e.g. 3f with openings 56 on the inside is provided. The other spiral element 3g has spacers 57 with sliding feet 58 which can slide over the openings 56. At a axial Relativwerlagerung of the two spiral elements 3f, 3g can then the openings 56 are enlarged or reduced.

This variant of a spiral heat exchanger 1f is preferred in the Condensation of a medium used.

The flow of the media is approximately as follows:
Since the spiral elements 3f, 3g are divided by a central baffle 48, the media pass from the central tubes 4a via the spiral elements 3f, 3g to the radially outer end sections 9, where they are then deflected and in the other partial area of the spiral elements 3f, 3g again flow out to the inner central tube 4a.

List of reference symbols

1a - Spiralwärmeaustauscher

1b - Spiralwärmeaustauscher

1c - Spiralwärmeaustauscher

1d - Spiralwärmeaustauscher

1e - Spiralwärmeaustauscher

1 - Spiral heat exchanger

1a - spiral heat exchanger

1b - spiral heat exchanger

1c - spiral heat exchanger

1d - spiral heat exchanger

1e - spiral heat exchanger

2 - housing f. 1, 1a-e

3a - Spiralelement v. 1a

3b - Spiralelement v. 1, 1a

3c - Spiralelemente v. 1b

3d - Spiralelemente v. 1c, 1d

3e - Spiralelemente v. 1e

3f - Spiralelemente v. 1f

3g - Spiralelemente v. 1f

3 - spiral element from 1

3a - spiral element from 1a

3b - spiral element from 1, 1a

3c - spiral elements from 1b

3d - spiral elements v. 1c, 1d

3e - spiral elements from 1e

3f - spiral elements from 1f

3g - spiral elements from 1f

4 - Central tubes from 3, 3a, 3b, 3e
4a - central tube from 3c, 3e, 3f

5a - Mehrkanalprofil v. 3a

5b - Mehrkanalprofil v. 3b

5 - Multi-channel profiles from 3, 3c, 3e, 3f

5a - multichannel profile from 3a

5b - multi-channel profile from 3b

6 - Pitch circle v. 4th

7 - transverse edges from 3, 3a, 3b

8 - Surfaces from 3, 3a-c, 3f

9 - end sections of 3, 3a, 3b, 3c
9a - end sections of 3e

10 - gap between 8 u. 11

11 - inner wall of 2nd

12 - sealing material

13 - Entry Chamber v. 4th

14 - outlet chamber from 4th

15 - transverse wall between 13 and 14

16 - advantage over 15

17 - front of v. 13

18 - front of v. 14

19 - longitudinal slot in 4

20 - circumferential area of 4th

21 - flat side v. 5, 5a, 5b

22 - flat side v. 5, 5a, 5b

23 - Longitudinal walls from 5, 5a, 5b

24 - spacer ribs from 5
24a - spacer ribs from 5b

25 - single channels from 45 u. 46

26 - wedge-shaped side wall areas v. 23

27 - front edges of 21, 22

28 - side edges from 9

29 - circumferential ribs on 21

30 - finishing ribs on 22

31 - mid rib on 22

32 - longitudinal ribs on 22

33 - area v. 5a

34 - wedge-shaped sections of 29

35 - length sections .v 30

36 - areas between 5a

37 - Wire inlays

38 - sheet steel strip

39 - Longitudinal edges from 38

40 - Longitudinal edges from 24a

41 - cuts in 40

42 - Insert sheets

43 - common longitudinal axis v. 3, 3a-g

44 - areas between 42

45 - channel strand

46 - channel strand

47 - ends of 29

48 - Center chicane

49 - sockets

50 - group of 3c

51- Group of 3c

52 - pipes from 1c

53 - pipes from 1c

54 - ring channels

55 - ring channels

56 - openings in 3f

57 - Spacers from 3g

58 - sliding feet from 3g

59 - Connection

60 - connection

61 - housing

62 - supply line

63 - derivative

64 - wall

65 - wall

66 - entry

67 - Exit

A- medium

B - medium

B1 - width from 5

H - height from 5

PF arrow

PF1 - arrow

PF2 arrow

PF3 arrow

STF - filaments

ÜB - overflow areas

Claims (20)

Spiral heat exchanger with nested media (A, B) leading spiral elements (3, 3a-g), in which each spiral element (3, 3a-g) through a partially longitudinally slotted central tube (4, 4a) with at least a front media connection as well as one in the area of the longitudinal slot (19) which is attached transversely to the central tube (4, 4a), at its end section (9, 9a) defining an overflow area (ÜB), spiraling around the Central tube (4, 4a) curved multi-channel profile (5, 5a-c) is formed, whose width (B1) corresponds to a multiple of the height (H). Spiral heat exchanger with nested media (A, B) leading spiral elements (3d), in which each spiral element (3d) a partially longitudinally slotted outer tube (53) with at least one Media connection as well as across in the area of the longitudinal slot the outer tube (53) attached to the outer tube (53) facing away from it inner end section (52) defining an overflow area (ÜB), spiraling around the inner end portion (52) Multi-channel profile (5, 5a-c) is formed, the width (B1) of which is a multiple corresponds to the height (H). Spiral heat exchanger according to claim 2, in which on the one hand a medium (A, B) supply connections and on the other hand the one medium (A, B) discharge connections of the outer tubes (53) via ring channels (54, 55) are connected to one another in a media-conducting manner. Spiral heat exchanger with nested media (A, B) leading spiral elements (3, 3a-g), in which a spiral element (3, 3a-g) according to claim 1 and the other spiral element (3d) according to Claim 2 is formed. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, at which the spiral elements (3, 3a-g) of a cylindrical housing (2) are encased and the gap (10) between the radially outer Surfaces (8) of the spiral elements (3, 3a-g) and the inner wall (11) of the Housing (2) is filled with sealing material (12). Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, which at least with regard to its spiral elements (3, 3a-g) Longitudinal axis (43) is rotatable. Spiral heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 6, in which the radial outer end sections (9a) of those connected to central tubes (4a) and in a housing (2) rotatable spiral elements (3e) wing-like bent towards the inner wall (11) of the housing (2). Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, at that of two radially adjacent, axially displaceable against each other Spiral elements (3f, 3g) a spiral element (e.g. 3f) with radial openings (56) is provided, the size of the other spiral element (3g) are at least indirectly changeable. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 8, at the end section (9) of each spiral element (3, 3a-g) is wedge-shaped , the transverse edge (7) of the end portion (9) of a spiral element (3, 3a, c, e-g) on the radially outer flat side (21) with regard to a central tube (4, 4a) or an outer tube (53) in Direction of curvature adjacent spiral element (3, 3a, c, e-g) set is. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 9, at the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) of the spiral elements (3, 3a, 3b, 3d) each have an inlet chamber (13) and an outlet chamber (14), which by in the central tubes (4, 52) or in the outer tubes (53) tightly inserted transverse walls (15) separated from each other are. Spiral heat exchanger according to claim 10, in which the transverse walls (15) each with a nose-like projection (16) between two the flat sides (21, 22) of the multi-channel profiles (5, 5a, 5b) of the spiral elements (3, 3a, 3b, 3d) forming individual channels (25) which keep a distance Grasp spacer ribs (24, 24a). Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 9 to 11, at which the spacer ribs (24, 24a) from the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) up to the wedge-shaped end sections (9, 9a) extend. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 12, at between two radially adjacent spiral elements (3, 3a-g) in the areas of the individual channels (25) from the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) up to the end sections (9, 9a) extending wire inserts (37) are provided. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 12, at that on the radially outer flat sides (21) of the multi-channel profiles (5, 5a, 5b) from the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) from up to the end sections (9, 9a), on both Ends wedge-shaped circumferential ribs end toward the flat sides (21) (29) are provided. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 12 or 14, in which the edge of the radially inner flat sides (22) of the Multi-channel profiles (5, 5a, 5b) from the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) up to the transverse edges (7) of the end sections (9) extending, tapering in the region of the end sections (9) End ribs (30) are provided, and in the central longitudinal plane the multi-channel profiles (5, 5a, 5b) central ribs (31) from the central tubes (4, 4a, 52) or the outer tubes (53) to the end sections (9, 9a). Spiral heat exchanger according to claim 15, in which between the Circumferential ribs (29) of the multi-channel profile (5a) of a spiral element (3a) on the one hand and the end ribs (30) and the middle rib (31) of the Multi-channel profile (5a) of the radially adjacent spiral element (3a) on the other hand an insert plate (42) is integrated, which differs from the common Longitudinal axis (43) of the spiral elements (3a) up to approximately wedge-shaped tapering longitudinal sections (34) of the circumferential ribs (29) extends. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 16, at which the multi-channel profiles (5) of the spiral elements (3) divided into length extruded aluminum profiles are formed in the field of wedge-shaped end sections (9, 9a) are freed from the spacer ribs (24) are, the flat sides (21, 22) of the end portions (9, 9a) over their End edges (27) connected to one another and on the side edges (28) are tightly closed. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 17, at which the multi-channel profiles (5a) of the spiral elements (3a), the circumferential ribs (29), the end ribs (30) and the center ribs (31) Length divided extruded aluminum profiles are formed, the Circumferential ribs (29) and the central ribs (31) in the area of the wedge-shaped End portions (9, 9a) removed and the peripheral ribs (29) adjacent these end sections (9, 9a) are tapered in a wedge shape, while the lateral end ribs (30) in the area of the end sections (9, 9a) are tapered in a wedge shape. Spiral heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 18, at which the multi-channel profiles (5b) of the spiral elements (3b) and optionally the peripheral ribs (29), the end ribs (30) and the central ribs (31) made of high temperature resistant steel sheet welded constructions are formed, the spacer ribs (24a) in the longitudinal direction welded upright onto a sheet steel strip (38), this then across is bent into a multi-channel profile (5b) and its longitudinal edges (39) are then welded together. Spiral heat exchanger according to claim 19, in which the Spacer ribs (24a), in particular on the radially inner longitudinal edges (40), preferably with wedge-shaped incisions (41) are.

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