EP1105236B1 - Outil de fonderie pour la coulee de pieces moulees en metaux non ferreux - Google Patents
Outil de fonderie pour la coulee de pieces moulees en metaux non ferreux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1105236B1 EP1105236B1 EP99946021A EP99946021A EP1105236B1 EP 1105236 B1 EP1105236 B1 EP 1105236B1 EP 99946021 A EP99946021 A EP 99946021A EP 99946021 A EP99946021 A EP 99946021A EP 1105236 B1 EP1105236 B1 EP 1105236B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- heavy
- casting tool
- metal
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2209—Selection of die materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/061—Materials which make up the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
- B22D15/04—Machines or apparatus for chill casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
Definitions
- casting tools e.g. molds or casting molds needed to transfer an almost finished component.
- Welding or gluing occurs when a Light metal casting solidifies in contact with the mold surface. At the Ejecting from the mold can then damage the mold surface arise.
- JP 05 000 354 discloses a shaped body which essentially consists of tungsten is sintered. On the surface of the molded body, the cavity in which a Cast part is poured, an oxide layer forms. About the The shape of the particles from which the shaped body is sintered is not disclosed here.
- this task is performed according to the Invention solved by the use of high-melting heavy metals as a material for the production of casting molds for the casting of molded parts Non-ferrous metals.
- tungsten, Tungsten alloys, molybdenum or molybdenum alloys are used.
- the molds or casting molds can be completely removed from the high-melting heavy metal or the heavy metal alloy or Steel exist, the effective non-ferrous metal during the casting process facing surfaces with the high-melting heavy metal or whose alloys are sufficiently coated.
- the alloys of tungsten consist of at least 30% Tungsten (W) and beyond mainly from the alloying elements Nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu).
- Another advantage of the invention has resulted from the fact that in particular Magnesium alloys can now be painted.
- the vanishingly small Dissolution of the molding material also leads to a significant increase in tool life the mold or casting mold during the manufacturing processes.
- the high-melting Heavy metal alloys especially the tungsten alloy, as Shaped element or coating of the shaped element or contact part for to be produced molded part not within the molded element as a cast Part, but instead of a sintered part, which is made of a framework of microscopic particles, especially monocrystals of heavy metal, which is firmly linked to each other by a binding matrix are connected, and which also contains the heavy metal.
- the particles or grains are spherical, ideally spherical.
- alloying elements which are made up of the elements 22 to 29 or 40 to 47 or 72 to 79 of the Periodic Table of the Elements should be selected, and in particular from the group of elements 25 to 29 or 46 and 78 should be chosen, and if possible no more than include three alloy elements in total, so that a dense Material arises.
- the proportion of the surface of the heavy metal particles can be on the contact surface at the expense of the binding matrix proportions can be increased by the contact area of the molded element towards the molded part after sintering the molded element mechanically processed, for example by machining acceptance such as Milling or grinding, but also by eroding.
- tungsten as a heavy metal component the entire shaped element made of the tungsten alloy, or one with the base part (e.g. made of iron) screwed or otherwise positively connected Contact part.
- the base part e.g. made of iron
- no warping of the contact part made of the heavy metal alloy takes place when heated, which yes - for reasons of material savings with the Tungsten alloy - only relatively thin dimensions will be used while the mechanical stability and compressive strength through the outside adjacent base part should be guaranteed.
- the binding matrix 7 shares viewed in depth at the contact surface, preferably funnel-shaped educated.
- the contact part 5 or shaped element becomes - as shown in dash-dotted lines - an increasing Release of material from the binding matrix 7 from the contact surface 10 take place, so that here a formation of cavities in the contact surface 10 in Area of the binding matrix 7 will take place.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Claims (17)
- Outil de fonderie, tel qu'un élément de moule, tube d'aspiration, creuset pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en métaux non ferreux, en particulier en aluminium ou magnésium, au moyen de la coulée continue, la coulée de lingotière, ou la coulée de pression, l'outil de fonderie se composant au moins sur les faces en contact avec la pièce moulée à fabriquer d'un alliage en métal lourd, en particulier d'un alliage en métal lourd avec un métal lourd réfractaire en particulier d'un alliage de tungstène ou de molybdène, caractérisé en ce que la partie constituée d'alliage de métal lourd de l'outil de fonderie est frittée à partir de particules sphériques (6) en particulier sous forme de bille en métal lourd,se compose également dans les cavités entre les particules d'une matrice de liaison (7) dont le mélange contient également un métal lourd.
- Outil de fonderie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de fonderie est un moule de coulée (1a, 1b).
- Outil de fonderie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de fonderie est une lingotière (2).
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un seul métal lourd est allié dans l'alliage de métal lourd.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de métal lourd contient entre 30 % et 98 % en particulier entre 90 % et 95 % de métal lourd en particulier du tungstène et le reste des éléments d'alliage.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de métal lourd contient au moins 90 % de tungstène et au maximum 10 % d'éléments d'alliage.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en tant qu'éléments d'alliage les éléments chimiques des colonnes 5 à 11 issues de la 4ième à la 7ième ligne incluse du système périodiques des éléments peuvent être utilisées et en en particulier les éléments de manganèse, de fer, de cobalt, de nickel, de cuivre, de palladium et de platine.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de fonderie se compose entièrement d'un élément de frittage et d'une matrice de liaison (7) présente dans les intervalles entre les particules frittées.
- Outil de fonderie selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de fonderie est formé par une partie de base (4) sur le côté détourné de la pièce moulée et d'une partie de contact (5) en alliage de métal lourd sur le côté en contact avec la pièce moulée (3).
- Outil de fonderie selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la partie de base (4) et la partie de contact (5) sont reliées par surface entre elles, en particulier par adhérence de forme ou de matière en particulier sont soudées.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la partie de base (4) est fabriquée sous forme d'un revêtement de surface sur la partie de contact (5).
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la partie de base (4) et la partie de contact (5) sont reliées par adhérence de forme en particulier par vissage entre elles.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la partie de contact (5) après la liaison avec la partie de base (4) sur la face de contact en direction de la pièce moulée est traitée en surface, en particulier par usinage par enlèvement de copeau ou par érosion.
- Outil de fonderie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules sphériques présentent un diamètre compris entre 10 µm et 40 µm, en particulier entre 20 µm et 30 µm et la teneur en métal lourd de la matrice de liaison (7) est supérieure à 0 % et maximale est comprise entre 30 % et 100 %, en particulier la teneur en métal lourd est comprise entre 20 % et 30 %.
- Procédé pour la fabrication d'outils de fonderie, qui servent à la fabrication de pièces moulées en métaux non ferreux, en particulier en aluminium ou magnésium au moyen de coulée en lingotière, coulée continue ou coulée de pression, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de fonderie est fabriqué au moins sur la face de contact tournée vers la pièce moulée (3) à fabriquer par frittage d'un alliage en métal lourd en particulier d'un alliage en tungstène qui forme après le frittage une texture de particules qui se compose du métal lourd et d'une matrice de liaison (7) qui relie les particules (6) entre elles et qui contient également le métal lourd, les particules (6) étant des particules sphériques en particulier en forme de bille.
- Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des particules (6) est compris entre 10 µm et 40 µm, en particulier entre 20 µm et 30 µm.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dd procédé, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas de pièces moulées à fabriquer en aluminium l'alliage en métal lourd et ainsi également la matrice de liaison contient le moins possible de cuivre, en particulier pas de cuivre.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19838561 | 1998-08-25 | ||
| DE19838561A DE19838561A1 (de) | 1998-08-25 | 1998-08-25 | Gießform für das Gießen von Formteilen aus Nicht-Eisenmetallen |
| PCT/EP1999/006233 WO2000010752A1 (fr) | 1998-08-25 | 1999-08-25 | Outil de fonderie pour la coulee de pieces moulees en metaux non ferreux |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1105236A1 EP1105236A1 (fr) | 2001-06-13 |
| EP1105236B1 true EP1105236B1 (fr) | 2002-06-19 |
Family
ID=7878634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99946021A Expired - Lifetime EP1105236B1 (fr) | 1998-08-25 | 1999-08-25 | Outil de fonderie pour la coulee de pieces moulees en metaux non ferreux |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1105236B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE219400T1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE19838561A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2178471T3 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL191290B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2000010752A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1785506A1 (fr) | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-16 | Centre de compétence de l'Ind. Techn. (CRIF) - Kenniscentrum van de Tech. Ind. (WICM) | Couche protectrice pour moules de fonderie |
| DE102005054616B3 (de) * | 2005-11-16 | 2006-11-09 | Hydro Aluminium Mandl&Berger Gmbh | Dauergießform und Gießformeinsatz |
| DE102006002342A1 (de) * | 2006-01-18 | 2007-07-26 | Kompetenzzentrum Neue Materialien Nordbayern Gmbh | Werkzeug |
| CN107088739B (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2021-07-02 | 苏州胜利精密制造科技股份有限公司 | 一种电子产品部件的加工方法 |
| DE102019112586A1 (de) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-11-19 | Weldstone Components GmbH | Modifizierte Füllkammer für eine Druckgießmaschine |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE618870C (de) * | 1932-03-04 | 1935-09-17 | Heraeus Vacuumschmelze Akt Ges | Spritzgussform |
| DE1284051B (de) * | 1962-10-18 | 1968-11-28 | Mannesmann Ag | Aus Kupferplatten bestehende wassergekuehlte Durchlaufkokille fuer Stahlstrangguss |
| AT252477B (de) * | 1963-01-30 | 1967-02-27 | Mannesmann Ag | Stranggießkokille mit rechteckigem Querschnitt für das Stranggießen von Brammen aus hochschmelzenden Metallen |
| FR2225980A5 (fr) * | 1969-10-28 | 1974-11-08 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | |
| US3786552A (en) * | 1971-06-30 | 1974-01-22 | Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing a composite bimetallic sleeve for a die-casting machine |
| JPS5228088B2 (fr) * | 1973-02-23 | 1977-07-25 | ||
| US3909241A (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1975-09-30 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Process for producing free flowing powder and product |
| JPS5450427A (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-04-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and apparatus for making aluminum diecast |
| CH681068A5 (fr) * | 1989-12-22 | 1993-01-15 | Htm Ag | |
| JPH05354A (ja) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-01-08 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 金属成形用鋳型 |
-
1998
- 1998-08-25 DE DE19838561A patent/DE19838561A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-08-25 WO PCT/EP1999/006233 patent/WO2000010752A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-25 DE DE59901818T patent/DE59901818D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-25 EP EP99946021A patent/EP1105236B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-25 AT AT99946021T patent/ATE219400T1/de active
- 1999-08-25 ES ES99946021T patent/ES2178471T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-25 PL PL346151A patent/PL191290B1/pl unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE219400T1 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
| PL191290B1 (pl) | 2006-04-28 |
| ES2178471T3 (es) | 2002-12-16 |
| WO2000010752A1 (fr) | 2000-03-02 |
| DE19838561A1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
| PL346151A1 (en) | 2002-01-28 |
| EP1105236A1 (fr) | 2001-06-13 |
| DE59901818D1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
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