EP1105222B1 - Device for separating mixtures of valuable substances - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for removing flat materials from a mixture of valuable substances comprises a conveyor (1) on which the substance mixture is conveyed, and an extractor for extracting flat materials from the substance mixture in an extraction zone. The extractor comprises extracting prongs (4) which are provided on a revolving transporter (3) which is deflected at least at two points of deflection, with the materials which have been picked up being discharged in a discharge zone.

Description

There are different devices for the separation of Recyclable mixtures known. Frequently should with mixtures of materials certain valuable substances are separated from the mixture to be processed further to be able to. However, there are also cases where the Certain substances should be removed, which complicate the further processing of the mixture or to make impossible.

Is valuable material collected in sacks or cardboard boxes and automatically processed by machines, the Sacks or cardboard boxes are opened first and then in be removed from the mixture of materials in most cases. Often, this is especially the case with plastic bags Further use of these is desired. Even larger sections of film in the mixture of materials can be reused be fed. So the problem arises that the packaging of the mixture of materials, as a rule Sacks or cardboard boxes, excreted from the mixture of materials should be, with other substances, for example. Larger Film sections should be removed or cardboard boxes to be separated from delivered paper.

WO 95/07769 describes a device for excretion of flat, light materials, such as plastic films known, which has a wind sifting. The mixture of materials turns from a conveyor belt to a drop point is promoted and in the case is acted upon by a blower. The air flow of the blower is dimensioned so that only slight flat materials are entrained by the air flow, whereas heavier, more compact fabrics from the drop point fall out of and onto a second conveyor belt be promoted. The light flat fabrics are entrained by the air flow into a discharge area, in which they descend with increasing distance from the blower and fall onto another conveyor belt and from this are promoted. For foils that have no other Contain substances and rest on top of the mixture of materials, can provide adequate separation in this way can be achieved. For the removal of sack-like foils, in which contain even heavier substances, or foils, which is at least partially spilled by other substances are, however, this device is not suitable.

WO 95/07769 A describes a device for the treatment of Recyclable mixtures known, in which by means of an air blower Air carpet in the area of a discharge point of a conveyor belt is generated, which makes light, flat goods like Plastic films or the like of heavy, body-shaped goods such as cups, cans or the like are separated. For this, the mixture of recycled materials conveyed on a conveyor belt above the mentioned air carpet dropped and a separation into at least two Fractions achieved by different funding agencies be promoted.

From FR-A-2,392,797 is a device for removing Plastic, paper and the like known from a mixture of materials, where the mixture of materials is transported on a conveyor belt and by means of a removal device which has removal tines, is conveyed past an extraction system. By means of this suction light, sheet-like substances are removed and separated, whereas the other substances fall back and are transported separately become.

The object of the invention is a device for removing to create flat materials from a mixture of materials, by means of the foils, cardboard boxes and similar materials reliably and can be removed as pure as possible from a mixture of materials.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

The structure and setting of the device make it possible to set which material and which size should be removed.

To deliver the materials, the transport device is on two deflection points with different deflection radius diverted. This has the effect of removing tines spread differently. Through this different Spreading is the giving up of ingested Materials made possible or easier. Are the materials picked up by the tines, so they hang, so to speak firmly on the prongs. There is a relative movement the tines to each other, for example by spreading in Deflection point, so the material can move away from the Loosen the tines, especially if the tines after the Spread can be moved back like that with Passing the reversal point is the case. As beneficial it has proven to be with different deflection radii is worked. This is described in the description of the specific embodiment discussed in more detail.

The dimensioning of the deflection radii has a considerable one Influence on the functioning of the device. Through the Deflection radii are not only influenced by the spreading of the tines, but also the guidance of the tines in the removal area. If a large radius is provided in the removal area, this is how the extraction tines are over a longer distance in contact with the material mixture before the Tines to be transported further. It goes without saying also align the tines to the mixture of materials influences the turning radius and the arrangement of the turning. Furthermore, with a large deflection radius lower deflection, the extraction tines are deflected more slowly, which means less unwanted substances with the to be removed Materials are included as the materials last longer held in a position where the fabrics can fall down. In the case of sacks in particular held or promoted longer in a position that a Allows emptying of the bags. In contrast, a quick deflection of the removal tines the removed Materials quickly into a position when feeding upwards bring in a falling of unwanted ingested Fabrics is no longer possible.

The tines can be tilted be tilted or by means of a displacement device be moved.

Furthermore, a blower can be provided for dispensing where the absorbed materials are blown through nozzles become. These measures can also be described with others Measures to dispense the materials can be combined. There can be several nozzles in different positions be provided. An arrangement in the Area of the extraction tines. It can be across the width of the Transport device several nozzles can be provided.

Several nozzles can also be provided in the transport direction his. An entire array of nozzles can be provided to blow off the materials in the delivery area. to Realization of the nozzle arrangement can be made with hollow strips Blow-out openings can be provided that extend across the width extend the transport device or along the Transport direction, whereby basically an arrangement of the Blow-out openings in the area of the tines is advantageous because the materials have to be separated from the tines. Of course, such strips can also be in one Angles to the transport device can be arranged.

The direction of the nozzles can be adjusted his. This setting can be made individually for each nozzle be provided or for an entire group of nozzles, for example. by swiveling a nozzle bar.

It has proven itself when the materials supplied are used for Further conveyance first directed to a baffle plate be sliding down along this and then by means of suction or another conveyor, like a conveyor belt.

A conveyor belt intended for further funding can be in Direction of transport be inclined upwards, so that recorded Materials that will not be funded should slide down and, for example, the Recycle mixture can be fed again. For further funding the flat substances to be discharged or Materials can be nubs provided on the conveyor belt be provided with a bevelled tip can.

easier z. B. small film remnants, initially on the removed Materials stick, can be sucked off by a suction and processed further. In this area you can Baffle plates are provided on which the heavier substances bounce off and only lighter substances are fed into an extraction system become.

The extraction of the materials is done by the arrangement of Nozzles and blowing out of air, for example become. This makes the materials easier to use Transport device released and can be better vacuumed become.

The removal tines are advantageously pivotable. The Swiveling can take place via a swiveling device, to improve the uptake and delivery of materials and to allow the passage of larger objects if necessary. However, simple spring tines can also be used Use that pivot at a certain trigger force, to damage or blockages in the system avoid. This is followed by the description of the figures To be received. So-called spring tines can also dodge to the side and can be used to advantage become. The tines can be angled his.

Furthermore, the extraction tines or at least theirs Tips designed to be knife-like when shooting of materials, for example foils, to slit them open, which also simplifies the delivery, since the materials come off the tines more easily if do not get them stuck to the tines.

The distance between the extraction tines in the direction of transport or transversely to this can be requested by the device as well as the length of the tines can be adjusted. It can also have different tines on different Positions can be mounted to the device to different To be able to adapt requirements.

The removal tines can be straight or also have a curved or other shape. As beneficial has turned out to be not exactly a form, like this is carried out that the materials are pushed outwards become. This will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment explained. Basically, such a function can be performed a shape can be achieved in which the outer part of the Tines opposite the inner part against the transport direction is offset, i.e. taking into account the Transport direction is set back. However, there are also other designs conceivable that ensure that at Movement of the tines through the mixture of materials or the substances or materials to be removed to the outside be pushed.

One or more wipers can be in the removal area be provided, which are designed to be pivotable can / can. Between the scraper and the passing tines can be a certain, possibly adjustable distance consist. However, the scraper can also drive past Overlap tines overlap. In this case, however either the extraction tines or the scraper, if necessary both Elements can be pivoted or the path of the extraction tines must pass the scraper. With the scraper can be undesirable with the materials included absorbed substances are stripped.

Above the conveyor and before the extraction tines carrying transport device can be a pivotable Baffle plate is provided, which is provided with prongs can be. The role of the baffle is one Form inlet area for the material to be removed and to loosen the mixture of recycled materials if necessary, and a winding of foils and the like in the removal area to prevent. The height of the baffle above Conveyor belt on which the mixture of materials is conveyed is advantageously adjustable. Likewise, the distance of the Baffle plates from the transport device to the removal the removed materials can be adjustable.

For blockages in the delivery of massive, larger objects to avoid, the baffle plate should be exceeded to avoid a certain force. This can by pivoting, but also a linear guide can be reached above.

It has proven itself when the transport device and the Work in opposite directions and the funded The mixture of recyclable materials to a certain extent accommodates the extraction tines.

Despite the baffle plate, it could be bulky when conveyed Goods come to a blockage of the device if this Goods are gripped by the extraction tines and not removed can be. The blockage probability becomes reduced by spring tines that can dodge. Around however, safe continuous operation of the device to ensure in any case, it is advantageous if the transport device is in danger of blocking at least in the area of the removal area from the normal position is movable further away from the conveyor.

This can be achieved in that at least part the transport device is linearly movable or as a result, that at least part of the transport device can be pivoted is. But it can also at least the entire transport device be pivotable. Dodging the device should occur when a certain force is exceeded. When pivoting is realized, the pivot axis can chosen at such a distance from the center of gravity be that the device by gravity into the Operating position is brought and a pivoting inducing force must act against gravity. The Swiveling the transport device, but also the hold-down device can be selected by a suitable choice of swivel axes solely because of the item promoted built up force. The elements to be swiveled can also be preloaded using springs.

However, control with sensors can also be provided be the movement upon detection of a blockage risk at least part of the device or the hold-down device by actuators away from the conveyor causes.

The blowers used can produce a pulsating air flow generate or the airflow can by a pulsing device are pulsed through the nozzles. The pulsation is particularly with flat materials to vibrations of the materials and thus to an easier one Loosen the materials. Individual nozzles or Nozzle groups can be switched off and it can be possible be certain groups of nozzles with a pulsating air flow to act upon and others with a continuous Airflow. The cross section of the nozzles can be round, be slit-shaped or cross-slit-shaped. Others too Cross sections can vary depending on the type of materials bring good results.

Instead of the blower or in addition to the intended blower can be a device for spraying fluids Find use. By injecting fluids like Water will basically have the same effect as through the Fan reached. In addition, however, there is a cleaning achieved and the materials are moistened, which leads to Further processing may be desirable.

Individual nozzles or groups of nozzles can vary depending on the materials and funding task can be aligned and switched, for example only selected nozzles at a certain angle blow.

In the exemplary embodiments described below the device is built up to sheet materials to remove from the mixture of materials. The device can but can also be used in addition to certain others Materials, such as hollow bodies, from the mixture of materials refer to. For this, the removal device set so that these materials are also removed and be promoted. When submitting the recorded Materials are then sifted through a known wind classification but also other methods can. A separation of the materials is often already through the different trajectories of the given Materials easily possible.

The recording and dispensing behavior of the device can can be improved by the following features. The extraction tines can be clad in the lower part be so that only the tips of the extraction tines protrude. This cladding can be cylindrical or be designed as a truncated cone, with a truncated cone Shape of the larger diameter section in the Base of the extraction tines is provided and the lower Diameter in the upper area of the extraction tines. The paneling can also be done by a plate-like element and a subsequent tubular or tubular one Element to be created. The cladding can also be in one piece be designed with the extraction tines. expedient through the cladding the foot area of the extraction tine, in which a spring can be provided (Spring tines), disguised to hang from removed Avoid materials in the foot area.

The following effect is achieved with the panel. The recorded materials tend to stay in the upper range the extraction tines, as a decrease by the Cladding emerging paragraph is hindered. The frustoconical Training also has the effect that materials in the lower area are lighter can be given back because the light Increased width upwards.

The device can be on the delivery side of the Transport device one or more rotatable rollers or Have rollers on which falling objects either roll right or left. To this Wise materials can fall back on the conveyor hindered and by the transport device be promoted. Because of the role or roller is rotatably mounted, objects can not stay on it. In order to reliably promote it to ensure these objects through the extraction tines and falling back towards the conveyor can prevent sheets and / or guides provided be that also resilient or pivotable or too can be designed to block the Avoid device reliably. These sheets or Guides can be equipped with blade-like tears be to a shredding of the materials or a Tear open objects. Such Construction becomes closer with the help of an example described.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to preferred Described embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows in a schematic diagram the device of the Page.

Fig. 2 shows a variant of that shown in Fig. 1 Contraption.

FIG. 3 is a simplified illustration of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a further variant of that shown in FIG. 1 Contraption.

FIG. 5 shows the delivery area of the one shown in FIG. 1 Device in top view.

FIG. 6 shows a variant of that shown in FIG. 5 Discharge region.

FIG. 7 shows the top view according to FIG. 3 of a modified one Contraption.

8 schematically shows a further variant of the Contraption.

Not shown on a conveyor 1 Recyclable material mixture conveyed from left to right. The The device has a transport device 3 on which Extraction tines 4 are provided and the deflection devices 5, 6 is deflected. The transport takes place clockwise so that the removal tines 4 in the lower area, the removal area, the conveyor be moved against. The removal tines 4 are with the tip angled in the direction of transport, creating a better absorption of the materials to be recorded becomes. The removal tines 4 are designed as spring tines, which when a certain force is exceeded the tip to the right, i.e. against the transport direction swing backwards and sideways if necessary.

In this embodiment is inside the transport device a blower 11 is arranged, the pressure lines 12 is connected to nozzle strips 8,9,10, which with Nozzles for blowing air in the direction indicated by the arrows Direction are provided.

The transport device can be pivoted by means of a Bearing blocks 25 mounted on a pivot axis 13. On the On the right side of the transport device 3 is a receiving device for receiving the from the transport device 3 recorded and returned materials intended. This has an impact plate 14 to which the inlet 17 connects to a suction 26. through this suction 26 can be light sheet materials be sucked off. Fabrics with the flat materials are carried along, when hitting the Baffle plate 14 fall down and possibly over the slide 15 a conveyor belt 16 slide down. Heavy substances from the Air blown out of the nozzle strips 9, 10 is not carried along are falling directly onto the conveyor belt 16.

Substances that are on the removed materials and are carried along with the film, as well light substances, which are carried by the air flow, over the flapper 14 flung and fall behind the Inlet 17 of the suction 26 down onto the conveyor belt 16.

The distance between the transport device 3 and the Pick-up device is adjustable.

For further separation it can be provided that the shown heavy substances do not fall onto the conveyor belt 16, but removed from a separate conveyor for example for further processing to be fed. In this way, for example Hollow bodies such as bottles can be removed. Of course, the transport device 3, in particular the distance between the extraction tines 4 and their length so adjust that even the heavy objects to be removed are supported.

The same can be done with regard to the lighter fabrics become. These can also be removed separately. Since the materials are blown in the device shown a normal wind sifting can easily be carried out become.

The operation of the device will be detailed later explained.

On the left side of the transport facility is one Swivel axis 32 by means of an adjustable in the effective length Carrier 18 pivoted another unit stored. This has a baffle plate 19 with tines 20, and a further nozzle strip supplied by the blower 11 7 with further nozzles. Furthermore, a scraper 21 is provided which is opposite the extraction tines 4 and its Point to the tip of the extraction tines 4. This Scraper 21 is spring-loaded and will be exceeded a release force against the force of a spring on the left around, so swing away with the tip up. in the A suction 22 is provided in the upper area of the unit, whose task will be explained later.

Fig. 2 shows a variant of that shown in Fig. 1 Contraption. This variant differs only in Withdrawal area and therefore only this area is detailed shown. The rest of the structure of the device corresponds to the device according to FIG. 1. In this variant are in the lower area to the right of the lower deflection device 6, i.e. in the direction of transport in front of the lower one Deflection device 6, two further nozzle strips 27 are provided, which have nozzles whose air flow slants downwards at the front, i.e. against the conveying direction onto the conveyor 1 is steered. This airflow helps the areal Stand out materials from the mixture of materials and generates in the area of the conveyor around the deflection device 6 around a clockwise rotating, upward facing Air vortex. Furthermore is in the area of the baffle 19 a nozzle bar 28 is provided, the nozzles in are primarily directed towards the mixture of materials loosen up and thus also removing the to facilitate areal materials. With other mixtures of materials it may be advantageous to use this nozzle bar 28 back to back through one directed air flow to the removal of the materials improve.

As a further difference from the device according to FIG. 1 no second conveyor belt 16 is provided. Further funding rather, the mixture of recyclable materials also takes place through the conveyor 1. Although the one shown in FIG Arrangement of the conveyor belt 16 below the conveyor 1 simplifies the transportation of bulky goods, this is also due to the variant according to FIG. 2 the pivotability of the transport device 3 is none Problem. On the operation of the device will be discussed in detail later. Furthermore, the materials to be removed are not removed by an extraction system, but by means of a conveyor belt 29. For admission the materials to be removed, for example foils, a baffle plate 30 is provided. The foils fall in front of this baffle plate 30 on the conveyor belt 29 or first hit the baffle plate 30 and then slide on the conveyor belt 29. Heavy objects fall in front of the Conveyor belt 29 down onto the conveyor 1. easier Objects and items based on the materials removed are carried along, via the baffle plate 30 hurled and by a deflector 31 right and left on Conveyor belt 29 passed and then fall onto the conveyor 1.

From Fig. 3 it can be seen that in this embodiment the height of the lower deflection device 6 relative to the conveyor 1 is adjustable. The parameter a, the height of the axis of the lower deflection device 6 with respect to the axis of the deflection 23 of the conveyor 6 indicates to be set. Furthermore, the distance can also b the tip of the extraction tines 4 from the conveyor 1 can be set. It should be noted that by the different radii of the deflection devices 5 and 6 the distance between the tips of the extraction tines 4 varies greatly. On the straight lines of the transport device is this distance c is the smallest. At the lower deflection device 6, the distance d is already larger and largest this is in the area of the upper deflection device 5 (distance e or e '), because due to the small radius too a wide spread of the extraction tines 4 comes. The entire unit can be pivoted about the pivot axis 13 become. Possible displacements of the deflection devices 5 and 6 are schematically indicated by the arrows.

The following further training will continue with the aid of FIG. 3 Features of the invention described, which are independent of the in Fig. 3 otherwise shown the recording and delivery behavior improve the extraction tines 4. The extraction tines 4 can be in the lower part with a panel 35, 36 be provided so that only the tips of the extraction tines 4 stick out. This cladding 35, 36 can be cylindrical or be designed as a truncated cone, with a truncated cone Shape of the section of larger diameter is provided at the base of the extraction tines 4 and smaller diameter in the upper area of the extraction tines. The panel 35, 36 can also be a plate-like Element and a subsequent tubular or tubular Element to be created. The cladding 35, 36 can also be formed in one piece with the removal tines 4 his. The lining of the foot area is useful the removal tine 4, in which a spring may be provided can (spring tines), disguised, so as to prevent drapes from being removed Avoid materials in the foot area.

The following effect is achieved with the panel. The recorded materials tend to stay in the upper range the removal tines 4, because a decrease by the Cladding emerging paragraph is hindered. The frustoconical Training also has the effect that materials in the lower area are lighter can be given back because the light Increased width upwards.

Fig. 4 shows a variant with modified removal tines 4 and another nozzle arrangement, which together with the modified extraction tines 4 with different mixtures of materials has achieved excellent results. The extraction tines 4 consist of two straight sections (inner Area 43, outer area 44) which are offset from one another are aligned approximately parallel and by one sloping center section are connected to each other. The Arrangement of the extraction tines 4 is such that the the section having the tip (outer region 44) the transport direction is set back. Through this The design of the tines is the same as that recorded in the receiving area flat materials, for example foils pushed on the outside, which on the one hand makes it easier to deliver this Materials enabled and on the other hand leads to the fact that others with objects picked up fall down more easily can, since the flat areas located outside Objects do not hinder this.

In this embodiment, the extraction tines are used 4 around spring tines that are attached by means of spiral springs the transport device 3 are attached and when applied a force in excess of a certain value swivel the image to the left. The extraction tines 4 are not at a 90 ° angle to the transport device 3 aligned, but in the manner shown with a Angle against the transport direction of less than 90 °.

In addition to the exemplary embodiments already described existing nozzles, further nozzles 33 and nozzles 34 are provided. The nozzles 33 are upwards directed part of the transport device 3 provided to with removed objects. In the embodiment these nozzles 33 are only in the lower one Part of the transport facility 3. In one variant but this over the entire upward part of the Transport device 3 is provided. The nozzles 34 are in similarly in the upper area of the downward facing Part of the transport device 3 provided and improve on the one hand the handover of the flat materials to the conveyor belt 29 and on the other hand serve to themselves possibly imposed objects on the removal tines 4 to solve.

Furthermore, there are additional nozzles 39 in the receiving area provided that attached to a carrier, not shown and blow down in the way shown around objects picked up with the flat materials blow off. Through these nozzles 39 and the nozzles 33, so to speak cleaning of the flat materials achieved and it doesn't just become smaller items, but also removes dirt.

The shooting area is similar to that in the Embodiment according to Fig. 1 wipers provided have the same function as the scraper shown in Fig. 1 21. In those realized in this embodiment Wipers are several spring tines 41, 42, against the force of a coil spring in the direction of transport are pivotable. The upper spring tines 41 are opposite the removal tines 4 arranged and so in length dimensioned so that the tips just do not touch. Laterally offset to these and somewhat lower are the lower ones Spring tines 42 arranged longer, so that at least the tip of the extraction tines 4 on this passes. Since the lower spring tines 42 compared to the Removal tines 4 are laterally offset, it does not occur a collision of the tines.

Larger objects 35 that are picked up fall from the Transport device 3 down on the conveyor belt 16. smaller Objects 36 included fall from the slant also placed upward conveyor belt 29 down onto the conveyor belt 16. The conveyor belt 29 is with Provided knobs 37, the one in this embodiment Have a beveled tip, the beveled surface 38 falls against the direction of transport. Through these knobs 37 can reliably convey the flat materials without dropping smaller objects is hindered.

On the right side of the conveyor is one rotatable roller or roller 45 is arranged, to which a Return plate 46 connects. It can also have multiple roles or rollers can be provided side by side. The bottom end this fixed return plate 46 is again connected to a resilient guide 47, the sheet metal is formed and between the removal tines 4th is arranged so that the removal tines 4 on this guide 47 walk past. The guide 47 can be made of a sheet metal Element or consist of several side by side arranged elements. Thanks to the resilient construction the guide can dodge down to larger ones Objects reached between the guide and the transport device pass. On the inside of the guide 47 are in the lead-in area in this embodiment Ripper 48 is provided and at the opposite end of the Guide 47 on the outside as well. The order this ripper 48 can, however, also be provided differently his. The tears 48 are as blade-like projections educated.

Should area materials not as intended the conveyor belt 29 are passed, they fall on the Roll 45 down. Characterized in that the roller 45 rotatably mounted the materials cannot get stuck, but can either roll to the inside left of the return plate 46 or to the right of the sheet and fall on the mixture of materials promotional conveyor belt. If the materials fall to the left of the return plate 46, so these within the guide 47, that is between the guide 47 and conveying device 3 conveyed further by the removal tines 4. With this further funding, the materials torn by the rippers 48.

If larger objects are to be transported, the spring guide 47 dodge down and a blockage the device can be avoided. On the bottom of the Guide 47 are also torn 48 which the Objects picked up in the removal area in particular tear flat materials.

5 shows the transport device 3 in the delivery area, thus in the area of the nozzle strips 9, 10 in plan view. The nozzle strips 9, 10 extend over the entire Width of the transport device 3. In Fig. 1 are off For the sake of simplicity, only two bars are shown, whereas three nozzle strips can be seen in FIG. at In this embodiment, the nozzles 24 are in one place provided that also happens from the extraction tines 4 becomes. In the position of the transport device shown 3 is not just above each nozzle 24 shown extraction tines 4. The extraction tines 4 are arranged transversely to the transport direction and it alternate rows with four and five extraction tines 4 from. The inlet 17 can also be seen in the top view the suction 26. Behind the funnel-shaped inlet 17 repellent surfaces are provided, which serve the objects falling behind the inlet 17 of the suction 26 past the suction 26 on the conveyor 1 to lead.

In the variant of the delivery area shown in FIG. 6 will have additional on the side of the funding area provided nozzles 40 an obliquely downward Airflow achieves the delivery of objects improves and in particular prevents objects impose on the extraction tines 4.

Fig. 7 basically corresponds to Fig. 5 and 6 and shows a modification of the described embodiment. With this modification, the nozzle strips are not only arranged transversely to the transport direction, but lengthways and transversely. The nozzles are in the form of elongated cross-shaped slots 32 trained so that the extraction tines 4 over a certain Transport route that corresponds to the slot length, be blown.

The provided with fan 11 generates a pulsating Air flow so that the air from the nozzles of the nozzle strips pulsates.

The operation will now be described with reference to FIG. 1 the device is described in detail. On the conveyor 1 is coming from the left side mixture of recyclables is promoting. This passes the baffle 19 and is loosened by the tines 20 on the top. The extraction tines 4 counter to the conveyor device 1 take two-dimensional materials from the mixture of recyclables Removal area. By dimensioning the distance of the Withdrawal tines 4, the device can be moved to the conveyed Recycle mixture or the materials to be removed to adjust.

The smaller the distance, the smaller items will be added.

The materials picked up by the extraction tines 4 are transported past the nozzles of the nozzle strips 7 and 8 and blown from both sides. Because of this Blowing are substances adhering to the materials, such as Example of small film sections, blown off and attract attention the conveyor 1 back.

Then the recorded materials pass through the Scraper 21. Of this, bigger ones are still on the materials adhering substances are stripped and these are noticeable the conveyor 1 back. Loose lighter items are suctioned off. With the device should be areal Materials are removed. However, become other items are picked up by the extraction tines 4 removed from the removal tines by the scraper. Since there is basically the possibility that when recording bulky body due to the extraction tines 4, which are not can be stripped from the stripper 21, the device is blocked, the scraper 21 is resilient and swings away when a certain force is exceeded. The picked up materials are taken from the transport facility 3 further promoted. When passing the upper redirection 5 the extraction tines are spread. hereby the holes in these materials by engaging the extraction tines 4 can arise, expanded. Besides, will the tension of materials such as foils on the extraction tines 4 are due to the different spread change, making it easier to deliver.

After passing the upper deflection device 5 come the removal tines in the delivery area in which the removal tines 4 are not spread and the tips of the have a minimum distance. The materials come off because of this backward movement of the tips from the Extraction tines 4 and fall off from those in the delivery area removal tines 4 directed downwards. This is done through the Blow out air from the nozzles of the nozzle strips 9, 10 supported.

Heavier substances are not carried by the air flow and slide directly over the chute 15 onto the conveyor belt if necessary 16 down. Light fabrics that like the areal Materials carried by the air flow will just like fabrics that are carried on the materials are not detected by the inlet of the suction 26, but fall behind this onto the conveyor belt 16. In order to ensure that actually only those to be removed Substances detected by the suction 26 is the distance the inlet of the suction 26 from the transport device 1 adjustable. Furthermore, the suction power can be adjusted his.

In another embodiment, not shown no suction 26 used. Instead, the areal Materials after slipping off the baffle 14 conveyed away by a conveyor system. Normally are not all when the baffle plate 14 is reached desired substances removed from the flat materials, so that they can be easily removed.

In plants for processing mixtures of recyclables, the Block the facility if possible under all circumstances be avoided. Blockages often occur through bulky stable ones Objects that are in the mixture of materials. In the described device, one could Blockage already occur when such an object Baffle plate 19 must pass. Because of this, the whole the baffle plate 19 supporting unit about the pivot axis 17th designed pivotable. Through the on the bottom of the Baffle plate 19 provided round contour is created by the Pressure of an object on the baffle 19 after Force component directed above, which the the baffle 19th load-bearing unit when a trigger force is exceeded presses up.

The item will then reach the transport facility and can be detected by the extraction tines 4. Because the extraction tines 4 can swing springily backwards, can the object without blocking the device comes, be promoted and falls on that Conveyor belt 16 down. If the item is so big that he does not despite the pivoting of the removal tines 4 can be conveyed through under the transport facility, so the entire transport device pivots around the Pivot axis 13 in Fig. 3 to the left, causing the distance between transport device and conveyor 1 so can be greatly enlarged that the subject in each Fall can happen and falls on the conveyor belt 16.

The variant shown in Fig. 8 largely corresponds to that Variant according to Fig. 2, wherein the entire unit to the other Side is inclined and the removal of the removed Materials takes place on a conveyor belt 29, the opposite the conveyor 1 promotes. The other components the device correspond to those with the previous figures and have been described for reasons of clarity omitted in the drawing. This variant has the Advantage that included in the removal of the materials but unwanted substances easier on the conveyor 1 fall behind.

Although the delivery of the materials before passing the second deflection device 5 and thus loosening of the recorded materials through the second deflection spreading of the extraction tines 4 does not take place, the Delivery by blowing the materials through nozzles a fluid, e.g. Air or a liquid become.

Claims (18)

1. Device for separating sheettike materials from a material mixture with a conveyor (1) on which the material mixture is conveyed and a separating device for separating sheetlike materials from the material mixture in a separating zone, the separating device having separating tines (4) which are provided on a circulating transport device that is deflected at at least two deflection points (5, 6), a pressure-generating device (11) being provided by means of which the materials received in the separating zone are acted on by a fluid from both sides via nozzles provided at different positions, the materials received being discharged in a discharge zone and the transport device (3) being deflected at two deflection points (5, 6) with different deflection radius to effect discharge.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of nozzles are provided in the transport direction.
3. Device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the blasting direction of the nozzles is adjustable.
4. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that before the discharged materials are conveyed onward, they are directed on to an impact plate (14).
5. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the separating tines (4) are tiltable.
6. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacing of the separating tines (4) is adjustable in the transport direction and/or transversely thereto.
7. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a scraper (21) is provided in the separating zone.
8. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the scraper (21) is tillable.
9. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a tiltable impact plate (19) is provided before the separating zone at a specific distance above the conveyor (1).
10. Device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the impact plate (19) is provided with tines (20).
11. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the height of the separating tines (4) and/or the distance of the separating tines (4) from the conveyor (1) is (or are) adjustable.
12. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that from the normal position, at least the transport device (3) is moveable further away from the conveyor (1), at least in the region of the separating zone.
13. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pressure-generating device (11) produces a pulsating fluid flow, or the fluid flow is ejected in pulses through the nozzles by a pulsating device.
14. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the separating tines (4) are provided in the base area at the opposite end to the tips with sheathing (35, 36) whose diameter is larger than that of the separating tines (4).
15. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the materials to be separated are conveyed onward by means of a conveyor belt (29) that is inclined upwards in the transport direction.
16. Device according to Claim 15, characterized in that the conveyor belt (29) is provided with knobs (37).
17. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a guide (47) which prevents objects from falling back on to the conveyor (1) is provided substantially underneath the transport device (3).
18. Device according to Claim 17, characterized in that the guide (47) is provided with bladelike shredders (48).

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