EP1103165A1 - Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lampInfo
- Publication number
- EP1103165A1 EP1103165A1 EP00927003A EP00927003A EP1103165A1 EP 1103165 A1 EP1103165 A1 EP 1103165A1 EP 00927003 A EP00927003 A EP 00927003A EP 00927003 A EP00927003 A EP 00927003A EP 1103165 A1 EP1103165 A1 EP 1103165A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- heating
- electronic ballast
- circuit
- ballast according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
- H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
- H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
- H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating at least one low-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Ballasts are usually used today which emit a high-frequency alternating voltage to the gas discharge lamps or fluorescent tubes. In addition to the power supply, such electronic ballasts also serve to preheat the electrodes of the gas discharge lamps and to ignite and operate the lamps gently. With their help, the efficiency of the lamps is increased, a longer service life is achieved and operation under reduced lamp power (dimming) is made possible.
- the electrodes or the filaments of the lamp are generally preheated for a certain time, as a result of which a gentler lamp start and thus a longer lamp life are achieved.
- the preheating takes place with the help of a filament heating, which causes a current to flow through the two filaments.
- a heating transformer is used for this purpose
- Primary winding is connected to the output of an inverter and the two
- the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit is such a frequency which is set for the AC voltage output by the inverter that the voltage applied to the discharge lamp does not initially cause the lamp to ignite. Meanwhile, an essentially constant current flows through the two secondary heating circuits with the lamp filaments, as a result of which they are preheated. After a period of time sufficient for preheating, the frequency of the AC voltage supplied to the series resonance circuit is then shifted in the direction of the resonance frequency until the voltage which is thereby increased and which is present on the discharge lamp causes the lamp to ignite. According to EP 0 748 146 A I or DE 295 14 817 U l, the filament heating can then be switched off after the lamp has been ignited by opening a switch connected in series with the primary winding, in order to reduce power losses which otherwise occur.
- the ballast should also take on a function that monitors the status of the lamp in order to be able to detect any malfunctions and to initiate appropriate measures.
- a malfunction can occur, for example, if one or both of the filaments are defective or if the lamp has been completely removed.
- the electronic ballast described in EP 0 707 439 A3 the voltage drop across a resistor connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer and thus the heating current are measured in order to detect whether there is a filament break or whether the lamp has been removed from the arrangement.
- the procedure just mentioned provides information about the condition of the lamp, but not about the type of lamp. Lamps often do not differ externally, but have different electrical parameters and different power consumption. If a lamp that does not match the electronic ballast in its performance characteristics is accidentally used, incorrect activation can result. This affects the lighting in simpler cases, but can also damage the lamp in more serious cases. Such problems could be avoided by recording the type of lamp in a short control measurement prior to ignition and taking appropriate measures. This can mean that the lamp is not preheated and ignited if it is of the wrong type or, even better, that the lamp is driven in accordance with the performance characteristics.
- ballast which has the features of claim 1.
- An essential feature of the ballast is an evaluation circuit which detects and evaluates the current flowing through the primary winding of the heating transformer and additionally also the current flowing through at least one of the two heating circuits in order to recognize the type and state of the lamp.
- the lamp type is identified by measuring the current flowing across the lamp filament, which is a suitable measure of the filament resistance.
- the filament resistance is a characteristic feature to distinguish lamps with the same appearance but different performance characteristics.
- the current through the primary winding provides information about the condition of the lamp.
- the transformer transforms the heating voltage on the primary winding towards the lamp downwards so that the filament resistors are in turn transformed upwards towards the primary winding. The behavior of the transformer therefore depends heavily on whether the filaments are intact or whether, for example, a filament is defective and the associated secondary heating circuit is interrupted.
- connection of the primary winding of the heating transformer to the output of the inverter is regulated by a bidirectional switch consisting of two switches, the primary winding of the heating transformer and a coupling capacitor being arranged between the two switches.
- the bidirectional switch can be formed by two series-connected and oppositely oriented field-effect transistors, which are preferably controlled by a common pulse-width-modulated signal, the pulse duty factor of this signal determining the degree of heating.
- the resistance value of one of the two filaments is used to determine the lamp type. This is determined via the peak value of the so-called pin current. To detect a filament break or to remove the lamp, the current at the primary winding and at the same time the pin current are measured and the two currents are compared. This procedure enables a statement about the state of the Lamp. It is preferably first checked whether an intact lamp is present and only then does the lamp type be determined. To increase the reliability of the lamp determination, the measurement can be carried out twice, once before and once after preheating the lamp. The resistance values measured here can be compared with internally stored reference values and then assigned to known lamp types.
- a short test can be carried out before starting the filament preheating and the lamp detection to determine whether the filaments are actually cold. In this way, misinterpretations in lamp detection that can occur after a short-term power failure can be avoided.
- the current measurements are preferably each carried out by measuring the voltage drops across two measuring resistors arranged in the heating circuit of the primary winding or in the secondary heating circuit of a lamp filament.
- the electronic ballast is designed such that the control of the filament heating and the setting of the frequency of the alternating voltage that is applied to the load circuit with the lamp are carried out as a function of the previously determined lamp type.
- the control of the filament heating and the setting of the frequency of the alternating voltage that is applied to the load circuit with the lamp are carried out as a function of the previously determined lamp type.
- the control of the filament heating and the setting of the frequency of the alternating voltage that is applied to the load circuit with the lamp are carried out as a function of the previously determined lamp type.
- the setpoint value for the pen current i.e. for the sum of lamp current and heating current, depends on the electronic parameters of the lamp.
- a control measurement is preferably also carried out at regular intervals after the lamp has been ignited, in order to detect any filament breakage or removal. ⁇ to recognize lamp.
- Fig. 1 shows the embodiment of a circuit according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows a possible flow diagram of the different operating phases of the lamp.
- the inverter of the ballast is formed by a half bridge made up of two electronic switches S 1 and S2 connected in series, one switch each consisting of a MOS field effect transistor.
- the two switches S 1 and S2 are activated via two connections AI and A2 connected to the gates of the transistors, which lead to a control / evaluation circuit, not shown.
- the lower output of the half-bridge is connected to ground, while the DC voltage U BUS is present at its input, which can be generated, for example, by shaping the usual mains voltage using a combination of radio interference suppressor and rectifier. Alternatively, however, any other DC voltage source can be present at the input of the half bridge.
- the load circuit containing the discharge lamp LA is connected to the common node of the two switches S 1 and S2.
- This consists of a series resonance circuit, which is composed of a choke coil L1 and a resonance capacitor C2.
- a coupling capacitor C1 is also arranged between the choke coil L1 and the resonance capacitor C2.
- the upper of the two cathodes of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp LA is connected to the connection node between the two capacitors C1 and C2.
- the two cathodes of the lamp LA each have two connections, between each of which a heating coil W1 or W2 is provided for heating the cathodes.
- the lower cathode of the lamp LA is in turn connected to ground via two resistors R1 and R3 connected in series.
- the second connection of the resonance capacitor C2 is also connected to ground, so that the lamp LA and the resonance capacitor C2 are parallel to one another. The function of the second resistor R3 will be described later.
- a heating transformer is provided for heating the two coils W1 and W2, which consists of a primary winding Tp and two secondary windings Tsl and Ts2.
- the secondary windings Tsl and Ts2 are each connected in series with a filament W1 or W2 of the lamp LA, so that two separate secondary heating circuits are formed.
- the resistor R3 is arranged within the secondary heating circuit of the lower filament Wl so that both a lamp current flowing through the lamp LA and the heating current flowing through the lower filament Wl flow in the same direction through the measuring resistor R3.
- the primary winding Tp is part of a series circuit which additionally has a coupling capacitor C3 and two controllable switches S3 and S4, between which the primary winding Tp and the coupling capacitor C3 are arranged.
- This series circuit is connected to ground at its lower end via a further resistor R2 and at its upper end to the common node of the two switches S 1 and S2 of the half-bridge connected so that it lies parallel to the load circuit and the lower branch of the half-bridge.
- the two switches S3 and S4 each consist of a field-effect transistor, but - as can be seen in FIG. 1 - are oriented in opposite directions , so that a bidirectional switch is formed. Furthermore, the two freewheeling diodes D3 and D4 of the two transistors S3 and S4 are shown in the circuit diagram
- the control of the gates of the two switches S3 or S4 is carried out by the control ZAuswerterscchez with a pulse width modulated signal via the connection A3 Between the two gates there is also a diode D l The common node between the output of the diode Dl and the gate connection of the switch S3 is connected via a capacitor C4 and a resistor R4 connected in parallel with this capacitor C4 to the common node of the two switches S 1 and S2 of the half-bridge. Finally, the circuit has three outputs A4, A5 and A6 connected to the control / evaluation circuit can be used to measure the voltage drops across resistors R2 and R3
- the measurement signals at outputs A4, A5 and A6 are used to identify the lamp type and to determine the status of the lamp, i.e. to check whether it is intact or whether one of the two filaments is broken.
- the control / Evaluation circuit by the clock signals at the connections AI and A2, the AC voltage supplied to the load circuit and by the pulse-width-modulated signal at the connection A3, the heating of the filaments Wl or W2
- Fig. 2 shows a typical timing diagram of the control signals present at the three inputs AI, A2 and A3 as well as the resultant state of the four switches S 1 to S4 for an already ignited and slightly dimmed operating state of the lamp LA.
- Connections AI and A2 of the two half-bridge switches S 1 and S2 between a high level H and a low level L, alternating signals are applied in such a way that one of the two switches S 1 or S2 is open (I) and the other is closed (0)
- the center point of the half-bridge is generated with a high-frequency alternating voltage with the length ⁇ 0 or the frequency l / ⁇ 0 and fed to the load circuit.
- the degree of dimming of the gas discharge lamp is essentially determined by the deviation of the frequency l / ⁇ 0 AC voltage determined by the resonance frequency of the load circuit.
- a high deviation means high dimming
- the selected electrode length ⁇ 0 actually causes a certain dimming of the lamp.
- the two electrodes In order to counteract premature aging of the lamp, the two electrodes must be heated by an additional heating current so that they continue to be kept at their emission temperature
- the heating is carried out by a low-frequency connection of the primary heating circuit to the center of the half-bridge at regular intervals ⁇ H and for a predetermined period of time ⁇ HH.
- the capacitor C3 then decouples the DC voltage component, so that the primary winding Tp des Heating transformer produces a symmetrical square-wave voltage with a peak value of U BUS / 2.
- the coupling capacitor C3 should not be discharged so that a symmetrical voltage signal can be generated at the primary winding Tp at any time This is particularly important in cases in which a multi-lamp device is formed in which the peak value of the primary voltage has to be set close to the transverse discharge voltage of the low-resistance filaments. If the heating circuit was only the center of the half-bridge with the help of a single switch (e.g. only through the lower one) Transistor S4) are switched on, the coupling capacitor C3 was discharged via the internal freewheeling diode D4 of this transistor in the periods in which the lower switch S2 of the half-bridge is closed
- a bidirectional switch is formed from the two field effect transistors S3 and S4, the gates of the two transistors S3 and S4 being controlled by the common pulse-width-modulated signal A3.
- the mode of operation of this bidirectional switch can also be seen in the curves in FIG the signal A3 goes to a low level L, both switches S3 and S4 are open and the filament heating is switched off. If the control signal A3 changes to a high level H at the start of a heating pulse ⁇ HH , the lower transistor switches through and switch S4 is closed (I) However, as long as the upper switch S 1 of the half-bridge is closed (I), the transistor S3 remains blocked and the second switch S3 is open (0).
- the PWM signal A3 is switched to a low level and the transistor S4 is thus blocked.
- the gate of transistor S3 is then no longer controlled via diode D 1 and transistor S3 is now kept passively blocked via resistor R4.
- the additional capacitor C4 ensures that there is no unwanted switching on of the transistor S3 during the off phase x HL due to the Miller capacitance.
- both switches S3 and S4 are thus open and discharging of the coupling capacitor C3 via one of the two freewheeling diodes D3 or D4 is also excluded.
- the bidirectional switch is of course not limited to the use in the ballast described here, but can in principle be used with a heating transformer and a coupling capacitor connected to it, whereby in any case a significant improvement in the control of the heating current is achieved.
- the period length x H of the signal A3 is much longer than the period length ⁇ 0 of the high-frequency clock signals AI and A2.
- the choice of low frequency l / ⁇ H depends on several considerations. On the one hand, a frequency l / ⁇ H that is too high or a period ⁇ H that is too short should not be selected, since ⁇ s otherwise the heating power is roughly graded. Since switching on the heating circuit affects the light output of the lamp, flickering can occur. On the other hand, the frequency l / x H must not be chosen too low, since the two filaments W1 and W2 otherwise cool down too much during the off phase x HL , which can have a negative effect on the life of the lamp LA.
- the frequency l / x H of the pulse-width-modulated signal A3 should therefore in any case be chosen so that an essentially constant electrode temperature is established.
- the effective value of the heating voltage and thus the degree of heating power is determined by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal A3 or by the temporal relationship between high phase ⁇ H and low phase x HL . It is preferably set in accordance with the degree of dimming and the type of lamp LA. The corresponding procedure for setting the heating output will be explained later. If the already lit lamp LA is operated in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the load circuit and thus with almost maximum power, the filament heating can be switched off completely to reduce power losses. The life of the lamp LA is not significantly affected, since in this case the operating temperature of the electrodes is sufficient.
- a relatively high heating power is selected during the preheating of the filaments W1 or W2 in order to enable a short preheating time and a quick ignition of the lamp LA.
- the half-bridge is also operated at a very high frequency l / t 0 of almost 120 kHz. Since this frequency is far above the resonance frequency of the load circuit, premature and unwanted ignition is avoided.
- the lamp LA is ignited in a known manner. If no malfunctions were detected during the detection of the lamp status and the lamp detection, which will be explained in more detail below, the frequency of the alternating voltage emitted by the half-bridge is reduced after a predetermined heating time and the resonance frequency of the load circuit is approximated. This increases the voltage applied to the lamp LA until it finally ignites.
- This method consists in controlling the current flowing off the lower coil W1.
- This so-called pin current is composed of two parts, one from the lamp current flowing through the ignited lamp LA and the other from the average heating current generated by the heating transformer. The aim now is to keep this pin current approximately at a predetermined setpoint or within a predetermined range. If the lamp LA is dimmed by changing the AC voltage frequency, the lamp current and the electrode temperature are reduced. A measure for the additional heating of the electrodes can now be chosen, for example, so that the current reduction caused by the dimming is to be compensated for again by the heating current.
- the control / evaluation circuit is therefore preferably designed such that it measures the pin current and modulates the pulse width of the control signal at connection A3 accordingly.
- the current is measured by briefly measuring the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R3 by means of a voltage meter (not shown) connected to the outputs A5 and A6, which is a component of the control / evaluation circuit or forwards the measurement result to it.
- the value specified for the pin current depends, among other things, on the type and power consumption of the LA lamp.
- the electronic ballast is designed so that it matches the lamp type with its special electrical parameters (e.g. Preheating current, lamp current, lamp power) automatically recognizes and the control of the lamp LA and the filament heating via the signals AI, A2 and A3 then takes place accordingly. Since lamps with different parameters often differ very little or not at all from the outside, automatic lamp detection can also prevent incorrect activation at the same time, which can lead to unsatisfactory light output or even damage
- the lamp is identified by measuring the resistance of one of the two filaments.
- This filament resistance is a sufficient feature to distinguish lamps that fit a common version but have different performance parameters.
- the easiest way to determine the filament resistance is to measure the peak value of the pin current, which is shown in Fig
- the circuit shown is also detected by the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R3 via the outputs A5 and A6.
- the coil resistance is preferably measured at the beginning and at the end of the preheating phase. Since no lamp current flows during preheating - that is, before the lamp LA is ignited - in this case, the voltage drop can also be measured between connection A6 and ground.
- a relatively low heating output (approx. 5% duty cycle) is set in order to avoid excessive heating of the filaments W1, W2.
- the half-bridge is running at a high frequency of approximately 120 kHz at this time
- the pin current is preferably measured and possibly averaged at the end of the switch-on phase of the upper switch S1 of the half-bridge.
- the measured peak values are then compared in each case with a stored reference value and the lamp type is determined on the basis of the comparison result.
- Two resistance reference values are thus required for each lamp type, one for the cold filaments W1, W2 and one for the preheated filaments W1, W2.
- the pin current depends not only on the coil resistance, but also on the coil voltage and thus on the bus voltage U BUS supplied to the inverter.
- the coil detection is therefore only carried out after the system has settled and the bus voltage U BUS has stabilized.
- the bus voltage U BU could also be determined in a separate measurement and the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R3 in relation to this be set, for example by forming the differential voltage Aut this way, it would even be possible to carry out the lamp detection independently of such fluctuations
- a further misinterpretation when determining the lamp can occur if the mains voltage supplying the electronic ballast briefly fails or is briefly switched off and on again. This is interpreted by a ballast in any case as a restart of the lamp LA and thus a preheating and Lamp detection carried out
- the filaments W1, W2 have not yet cooled in this case and therefore have a different resistance.
- the lamp detection then leads to an incorrect result. To take this possibility into account, it is checked before the resistance determination whether the filaments Wl, W2 are cold or is hot If the filament W1, W2 is actually still hot, the lamp LA is deliberately preheated with a somewhat lower heating output and a lamp detection is only carried out on the basis of the resistance measurement at the end of the preheating phase. The somewhat different preheating can be accepted Case only rarely occurs.
- the distinction between a hot and a cold coil W1, W2 is made by measuring the change in the coil resistance within a predetermined short period of time, for example 10 ms.
- the peak value of the pin current is measured and with the peak value of the primary current of the heating transformer
- the pin current is determined in the same way as in the control of the filament heating and in the lamp detection via the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R3.
- the current flowing through the primary winding Tp of the heating transformer is determined by the voltage drop across the resistor R2 Switch S4 and the measuring resistor R2 of the output A4 connected to the control / evaluation circuit are provided.
- the half-bridge is operated during this measurement with a frequency as high as possible of approximately 120 kHz in order to minimize the voltage supplied to the lamp LA hold and a premature ignition too avoid.
- a low duty cycle of the pulse-width-modulated control signal is set at connection A3, so that the two coils W1 and W2 are not heated up too much. Since a current flowing through the primary winding Tp is to be measured, a measuring point in time is selected at which a high level H is present at the terminal A3 and the coupling capacitor C3 is charged. As with lamp detection, this measurement is therefore carried out shortly before the end of the switch-on phase of the upper switch S 1 of the half-bridge.
- I R2 I R3 -nJ / ü
- ü denotes the transmission ratio and n the number of intact filaments W1, W2.
- the transformation ratio ü of the heating transformer results from the maximum filament voltage. Care should be taken to ensure that this ratio ü does not become too large, since otherwise the capacitive currents when the preheating is switched off cause excessive coil losses during operation.
- the primary current I R2 is then related to the pin current divided by the transformation ratio 1 R - 1 / Ü and the result that theoretically results in the number of filaments n is evaluated. The simplest way to do this is to compare the result with a reference value. If, for example, a value is less than 1, 3, there is a high probability of a spiral break.
- Another advantage of this method is that it provides a statement about the lamp state that is independent of possible fluctuations in the supply voltage U BUS . Although a fluctuation in U BUS influences the measurement result of the pin current, the primary heating current is also changed. It is not necessary to wait until the system has settled and the supply voltage U BUS has stabilized. Furthermore, the influence of possible spiral resistance tolerances is reduced. In the same way, the lamp status can then be checked at regular intervals during normal operation of the lamp LA in order to detect a filament break occurring during this time.
- the lamp current should not do the heating current influence too much, for example it should not be more than 10% of the step current If a filament break occurs during the noisy operation of the lamp or if the lamp is removed, this control measurement can be carried out repeatedly until an intact lamp is recognized in the system A restart can then be initiated automatically
- T L1 and T L1 are then carried out to determine whether the filaments W1, W2 are warm or cold, since temperature changes or resistance changes are to be observed during this time low duty cycle selected for the control signal at connection A3.
- the distance between T and T L] is approx. 10ms
- the coils W1, W2 are then preheated in the period T VH , the heating output taking place in accordance with the state of the coils W1, W2, that is, for example, a higher heating output is set if the resistance measured at a later time T 1 is not lower than that for Time T L1 measured resistance value
- a measurement of the filament resistance is carried out again at the time point T L2 and then the lamp type is determined on the basis of the measurement results at the time T L1 , T L1 and T L2 . If the filaments W l, W2 were warm, only that becomes The result of the third measurement is taken into account; if the filaments were cold, all three measurements can be used to determine the lamp.
- FIG. 4 shows a simplified flow diagram of the individual phases during the operation of the lamp. After switching on 100 of the mains voltage or after a brief mains failure, query 101 is first carried out in the manner just described, Whether there is a filament break If this is the case or if there is no lamp at all in the system, query 101 is repeated continuously until an intact lamp is finally recognized
- the next step 102 is used to check whether the filaments are cold by means of the two short successive pin current measurements. If the filaments are actually cold, the lamp is preheated normally and the lamp recognition based on the measurement results was carried out before and after the preheating phase 103 instead, a warm filament is recognized, only a reduced preheating 104 is carried out and the lamp type is determined at the end. After preheating 103 or 104, the lamp 105 is finally ignited, the four switches being actuated as a function of the recognized lamp type
- the system After ignition 105, the system is in normal or dimming operation 106 by setting an AC voltage frequency and heating power corresponding to the lamp type and the desired dimming level by the control / evaluation circuit.
- a query 107 is additionally carried out at regular intervals as to whether possibly a filament breakage has occurred or whether the lamp has been removed If this is the case, the normal / dim operation is ended and the system is reset to the state of the original filament breakage query 101.
- the inverter it would also be conceivable for the inverter to detect a filament breakage or another defect in the Switching off the lamp With the aid of a suitable circuit, it was then possible to monitor whether the defective lamp has been replaced by a new one. If an intact lamp is finally recognized in the system, a restart can be initiated automatically.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19923945A DE19923945A1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 1999-05-25 | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp |
DE19923945 | 1999-05-25 | ||
PCT/EP2000/003573 WO2000072640A1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-04-19 | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1103165A1 true EP1103165A1 (en) | 2001-05-30 |
EP1103165B1 EP1103165B1 (en) | 2003-07-16 |
Family
ID=7909138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00927003A Expired - Lifetime EP1103165B1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-04-19 | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6366031B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1103165B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE245336T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU761194B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0006149A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19923945A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ509309A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000072640A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6501235B2 (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2002-12-31 | Stmicroelectronics Inc. | Microcontrolled ballast compatible with different types of gas discharge lamps and associated methods |
US6577076B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2003-06-10 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Adaptive control for half-bridge universal lamp drivers |
DE10200053A1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-07-17 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Operating device for discharge lamps with preheating device |
DE10206731B4 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2016-12-22 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Lamp sensor for a ballast for operating a gas discharge lamp |
US6909248B2 (en) * | 2002-08-26 | 2005-06-21 | Heraeus Holding Gmbh | Deuterium arc lamp assembly with an elapsed time indicator system and a method thereof |
AU2002368295A1 (en) * | 2002-10-14 | 2004-05-04 | B And S Elektronische Gerate Gmbh | Method and device for establishing a connection between a lamp and an electronic apparatus that is disposed upstream therefrom |
DE10345610A1 (en) | 2003-09-29 | 2005-05-12 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Method for operating at least one low-pressure discharge lamp |
DE102004025774A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-22 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Ballast for discharge lamp with continuous operation control circuit |
US7193368B2 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2007-03-20 | General Electric Company | Parallel lamps with instant program start electronic ballast |
JP2008530751A (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2008-08-07 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Method and circuit arrangement for operating a high intensity discharge lamp |
DE102005013564A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Circuit arrangement and method for operating at least one lamp |
US7560866B2 (en) | 2005-04-18 | 2009-07-14 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Control system for fluorescent light fixture |
US7414369B2 (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2008-08-19 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Control system for fluorescent light fixture |
CN1856207B (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2011-06-29 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | Improved control system for fluorescent light fixture |
DE102005018761A1 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-10-26 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Intelligent flyback heater |
DE102005030115A1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-18 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Circuit arrangement and method for operating at least one LED and at least one electric lamp |
DE102005052525A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Control circuit for a switchable heating transformer of an electronic ballast and corresponding method |
US7586268B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2009-09-08 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Apparatus and method for controlling the filament voltage in an electronic dimming ballast |
US7969100B2 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2011-06-28 | Liberty Hardware Manufacturing Corp. | Bulb type detector for dimmer circuit and inventive resistance and short circuit detection |
US7855518B2 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2010-12-21 | Masco Corporation | Dimming algorithms based upon light bulb type |
US7728525B2 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-06-01 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Relamping circuit for battery powered ballast |
US7626344B2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-12-01 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Programmed ballast with resonant inverter and method for discharge lamps |
US7446488B1 (en) | 2007-08-29 | 2008-11-04 | Osram Sylvania | Metal halide lamp ballast controlled by remote enable switched bias supply |
DE102008012454A1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for determining operational parameters of gas discharge lamp operated with electronic ballast, involves determining cold resistance and hot resistance of helices at two different times during preheating phase |
DE102007047142A1 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gas discharge lamp type detecting method, involves detecting spiral coil current, measuring spiral coil voltage directly or indirectly, and comparing measured coil voltage or calculated resistance of spiral coil with standard values |
DE102008022198A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Type recognition of a gas discharge lamp to be operated with an electronic ballast |
DE102008012452A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Circuit for heating and monitoring the heating coils of at least one operated with an electronic ballast gas discharge lamp on spiral breakage |
DE102008012453A1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for checking that at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated with an electronic ballast are of the same type |
DE102008016752A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-01 | Tridonicatco Schweiz Ag | Detection of the occupation of a connection of a control gear for lamps |
DE102008021351A1 (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-05 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for operating a discharge lamp and lighting system with a discharge lamp |
US7880391B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-02-01 | Osram Sylvania, Inc. | False failure prevention circuit in emergency ballast |
EP2364572B1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2012-10-17 | Osram Ag | Method for operating a lamp and electronic ballast |
DE102009007159A1 (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-10-07 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Circuit arrangement for operating a converter |
US8232727B1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2012-07-31 | Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. | Ballast circuit for a gas-discharge lamp having a filament drive circuit with monostable control |
US20100327759A1 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp |
US8324813B1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-12-04 | Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. | Electronic ballast with frequency independent filament voltage control |
DE102010063933A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Operating device and method for operating gas discharge lamps |
US8896209B2 (en) | 2011-05-09 | 2014-11-25 | General Electric Company | Programmed start circuit for ballast |
DE102011085659A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2013-05-08 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Clocked heating circuit for control gear for lamps |
CN102595747B (en) * | 2012-02-05 | 2014-03-12 | 浙江大学 | Fluorescent lamp type identification method based on digital control electronic ballast and digital general electronic ballast |
US8723429B2 (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2014-05-13 | General Electric Company | Fluorescent ballast end of life protection |
CN106654817A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-05-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Excimer laser generator and excimer laser annealing equipment |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5172034A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-12-15 | The Softube Corporation | Wide range dimmable fluorescent lamp ballast system |
US5656891A (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1997-08-12 | Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh | Gas discharge lamp ballast with heating control circuit and method of operating same |
EP0722263B1 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1999-06-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Preheating circuit for the cathodes of a fluorescent lamp |
DE19520999A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1996-12-12 | Siemens Ag | Circuit arrangement for filament preheating of fluorescent lamps |
DE29514817U1 (en) | 1995-09-15 | 1995-11-16 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 81543 München | Circuit arrangement for operating at least one low-pressure discharge lamp |
US6002214A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1999-12-14 | International Rectifier Corporation | Phase detection control circuit for an electronic ballast |
DE19708792A1 (en) | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-10 | Tridonic Bauelemente | Method and device for detecting the rectification effect occurring in a gas discharge lamp |
EP0889675A1 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1999-01-07 | MAGNETEK S.p.A. | Electronic ballast with lamp tyre recognition |
-
1999
- 1999-05-25 DE DE19923945A patent/DE19923945A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-04-19 AU AU45536/00A patent/AU761194B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-04-19 NZ NZ509309A patent/NZ509309A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-19 DE DE50002900T patent/DE50002900D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-19 AT AT00927003T patent/ATE245336T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-19 BR BR0006149-2A patent/BR0006149A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-19 WO PCT/EP2000/003573 patent/WO2000072640A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-19 EP EP00927003A patent/EP1103165B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-24 US US09/767,868 patent/US6366031B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0072640A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4553600A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
ATE245336T1 (en) | 2003-08-15 |
AU761194B2 (en) | 2003-05-29 |
BR0006149A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
DE19923945A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 |
WO2000072640A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
US6366031B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
EP1103165B1 (en) | 2003-07-16 |
DE50002900D1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
US20010002780A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
NZ509309A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1103165B1 (en) | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp | |
EP1066739B1 (en) | Method and device for detecting the rectification effect occurring in a gas-discharge lamp | |
EP1519638B1 (en) | Method for operating a low pressure discharge lamp | |
EP0707438B1 (en) | Ballast for at least one discharge lamp | |
DE4017415C2 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp for a vehicle headlight | |
DE10204044A1 (en) | Electronic ballast for gas discharge lamp | |
EP1103166B1 (en) | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp | |
EP0801881A1 (en) | Method of operating at least one fluorescent lamp with electronic ballast, and ballast therefor | |
DE102009009915A1 (en) | Procedure, control gear and lighting system | |
EP1425943B1 (en) | Method and device for operating a fluorescent tube in an energy saving manner | |
DE3338464C2 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating at least one fluorescent lamp with adjustable brightness on a self-oscillating inverter | |
EP1901591B1 (en) | Ignition of gas discharge lamps in variable ambient conditions | |
EP2208403A1 (en) | Operating device for controlling the warm-up time of a lamp | |
EP1276355B1 (en) | Circuit arrangement to determine the pre-heating power | |
EP1040733B1 (en) | Electronic lamp ballast | |
DE102006031341A1 (en) | Warm start fluorescent lamp operating method for use in electronic ballast, involves determining parameter, which renders aging condition of coil, and supplying determined aging parameter to electronic control and/or regulation circuit | |
EP1048190B1 (en) | Electronic lamp ballast | |
EP1860925B1 (en) | Electronic lamp cut-in unit with heater switch | |
EP1040732B1 (en) | Method for detecting a lamp change and electronic lamp ballast for operating gas-discharge lamps using such a method for detecting a lamp change | |
DE10127135B4 (en) | Dimmable electronic ballast | |
DE19501695B4 (en) | Ballast for at least one gas discharge lamp with preheatable lamp filaments | |
EP2468078B1 (en) | Electronic ballast and method for operating at least one discharge lamp | |
DE19934687A1 (en) | Electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp | |
WO1998048598A1 (en) | Method for dimming a fluorescent lamp arranged in the secondary circuit of a transformer and arrangement to implement said method | |
DE102007027179A1 (en) | Integrated control circuit i.e. hardware-controlled application-specific integrated circuit, for electronic ballast of e.g. low pressure-gas discharge lamp, has heating current detector detecting availability of heating circuit switch |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010108 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020125 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: TRIDONICATCO GMBH & CO. KG |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20030716 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20030716 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20030716 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: A. BRAUN, BRAUN, HERITIER, ESCHMANN AG PATENTANWAE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50002900 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20030821 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20031016 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20031016 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20031016 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20031027 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20031117 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20031216 |
|
LTIE | Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension |
Effective date: 20030716 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040419 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040430 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040430 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20040419 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *TRIDONICATCO G.M.B.H. & CO. K.G. Effective date: 20040430 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: TRIDONICATCO GMBH & CO. KG Free format text: TRIDONICATCO GMBH & CO. KG#FAERBERGASSE 15#6851 DORNBIRN (AT) -TRANSFER TO- TRIDONICATCO GMBH & CO. KG#FAERBERGASSE 15#6851 DORNBIRN (AT) |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20080424 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20080422 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20090423 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20091101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090430 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20091101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100419 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20110427 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20110422 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20121228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120419 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120430 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20140430 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20150630 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150419 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150419 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50002900 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161101 |