EP1100991A1 - Structural cable for civil engineering works, sheath section for such a cable and method for laying same - Google Patents

Structural cable for civil engineering works, sheath section for such a cable and method for laying same

Info

Publication number
EP1100991A1
EP1100991A1 EP00936964A EP00936964A EP1100991A1 EP 1100991 A1 EP1100991 A1 EP 1100991A1 EP 00936964 A EP00936964 A EP 00936964A EP 00936964 A EP00936964 A EP 00936964A EP 1100991 A1 EP1100991 A1 EP 1100991A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
section
cable
strands
structural
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00936964A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1100991B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Fuzier
Jérôme Stubler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Freyssinet International STUP SA
Original Assignee
Freyssinet International STUP SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Freyssinet International STUP SA filed Critical Freyssinet International STUP SA
Publication of EP1100991A1 publication Critical patent/EP1100991A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1100991B1 publication Critical patent/EP1100991B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/002—Making parallel wire strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/10—Ducts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1092—Parallel strands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to structural cables used in the construction of engineering structures. It particularly finds applications in the field of prestressing, guying of portions of structures, or even in suspension bridges.
  • Modern structural cables are often made up of unitary stretched strands, wires or strands, arranged in almost parallel bundles in sheaths or in the open air. Given the aggressiveness of the external environment and the requirements of durability, these cables generally have anti-corrosion oil protection layers, galvanizing, waxing lubrication, filling with elastomeric materials or cement grout, or metallic or plastic outer sheathing
  • the protections made at the level of the unit strands have several advantages by electrically and mechanically insulating the unit strands of cables. This insulation avoids electric bridging, generalized corrosions to a section of cable by "gangrene effect" the lateral contacts of the bending zones where the pressures between strands can create concentrations of stress harmful to good static or dynamic resistance It also avoids lateral contacts in the rectilinear parts when the strands are free to move
  • the individual strand protections can take the form of a sheathing of a sheathed-greased strand in the application of prestressing, a self-protected strand of guyed structure, or even a coherent strand (EP-A-0 855 471).
  • the strands individually sheathed are positioned with their sheaths in a mass of injected and hardened material, such as a cement grout, which forms a mechanical spacer (see EP-A-0 220 1 13, EP-A-0 437 143, EP-A -0 465 303)
  • the previously hardened mass maintains their transverse distribution in the sheath and prevents their deterioration in the curved parts of the cable
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a mode of protection of b ⁇ ns constituting a structural cable, which is compatible with various applications and various types of strands
  • the invention thus provides a construction structure cable, comprising at least one bundle of substantially parallel stretched strands contained in at least one section of protective plastic sheath, in which the plastic of the sheath section extends between strands to form a coherent strand spacing matrix
  • the protective plastic sheath thus plays the role of mechanical spacing of the strands, and constitutes an individual sheath for each strand.
  • Another advantage is that it makes it possible to dispense with the operations of injecting the sheath after the strands have been put in place, generally expensive and delicate operations.
  • the sheath section is a plastic part having substantially parallel longitudinal holes, which preferably do not communicate with each other, it is possible that one or more of these longitudinal holes do not contain any stretched strands but are provided to fill other functions (vent, conduit for measurement sensors or optical transmission fibers),
  • the stretched strands are bare or individually protected metal strands
  • the cable comprises several successive sheath sections assembled mechanically or by welding,
  • the sheath section has an outer cross section of circular or polygonal shape, for example a shape facilitating the juxtaposition of several bundles of strands in a cable of relatively large section
  • the plastic material of the sheath section comprises a combination of materials, such a combination can comprise, towards the outside of the sheath section, a material providing surface resistance, and towards the inside of the sheath section, a visco-elastic material and / or providing a low coefficient of friction with the strands , -
  • the sheath section, or a set of sheath sections assembled end to end, extends over substantially the entire length of a running part of the cable between two end anchors;
  • the cable forms a prestressing cable, a stay cable or a suspension bridge carrying cable.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a section of sheath of structural cable for construction work, which constitutes a semi-finished product before the introduction of the strands
  • This section of sheath forms a coherent spacing matrix having orifices substantially parallel longitudinal adapted to each receive a stretched cable
  • the matrix can be made of plastic. It can also include a part made of injected material such as a cement grout. In the latter case, it may for example comprise individual plastic tubes intended to receive the stretched strands, arranged in an outer tube, with the injected material filling the outer tube around the individual tubes.
  • Yet another aspect relates to a method of laying a structural cable in a construction work, in which a sheath having at least one section forming a coherent spacing matrix having substantially parallel longitudinal orifices is used, one engages respective strands in at least some of the orifices of the sheath section, and the strands are tensioned.
  • the strands can be engaged in the orifices of the sheath section by traction on guides previously threaded in the orifices, or even by pushing. Their tensioning can be individual or collective. Each strand can be extracted and / or replaced separately if necessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structural cable produced in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of sheath 1 formed by a generally cylindrical piece of plastic material, pierced with parallel longitudinal orifices 2. Each orifice 2, of cylindrical section, receives a metal strand 3 of the cable.
  • the example drawn in FIG. 1 is a cable composed of 19 parallel non-contiguous strands arranged in hexagonal arrangement, only one of which is shown.
  • cylindrical outer shape in the example of Figure 1 This shape could also be profiled in order to optimize its aerodynamics If the structural cable is exposed outside the structure, this outer shape can, in known manner, be provided elements or reliefs, for example helical, to reduce the risk of deformation by rain and wind
  • the sheath consists of a single section extending over the entire length of the cable between its two anchored ends, or of several successive sections assembled mechanically, for example by means of fishplates or sleeves, or even welded end to end In in the latter case, indexing marks can be provided to position the sections before assembly
  • the plastic material of the sheath section 1 may be a polyolefin such as a high density polyethylene (HDPE) It may also be based on resin (for example epoxy)
  • the sheath section 1 is for example manufactured by extrusion Each section can be installed on a road transport or sea freight platform to bring it to the construction site of the structure It can also be wound on reels, allowing the transport of great lengths on the construction site of the structure
  • the plastic of the sheath section 1 can also be composite and for example manufactured by coextrusion.
  • the periphery of the sheath is made of a material chosen for its surface resistance properties (impact resistance, weather conditions, soiling). , at wetting), while the inside of the sheath is a material chosen for its viscoelastic properties (it then helps to dampen the vibrations of the individual strands), and / or for its low coefficient of friction with the strands, which facilitates their set up
  • each strand 3 into a longitudinal orifice 2 of the sheath 1 is facilitated because the strand is guided in the orifice whose diameter corresponds substantially to that of the strand, while being slightly larger.
  • Two methods can be adopted for threading the strands 3 - after having previously threaded a guide filament into each of the orifices 2, connect one end of the guide to one end of the strand 3 and engage the strand 3 by pulling on the guide,
  • the sheath formed by the section 1 or by several sections of this type placed end to end preferably extends over the entire length of the running part of the cable between the two end anchors
  • An appreciable advantage of the invention is that each individual strand of the cable can be removed and replaced by means of a relatively simple device similar to that used during the initial threading, which facilitates control and maintenance operations.
  • the stretched strands 3 of the cable can be metallic wires or bare steel strands, as shown.
  • a filling product such as a filler into the interstices present between the sheath 1 and the strands 3.
  • petroleum wax or synthetic grease, protecting steel against corrosion This product can be the same as that injected into the anchoring devices at the ends of the strands, which ensures uniformity and continuity of the anti-corrosion protection
  • the strands 3 can also be individually protected strands, which can then simply be threaded into the sheath.
  • the protection can be an epoxy resin coating the wires making up the strand, a plastic envelope adhering to the steel of the wires, or else a plastic envelope that does not adhere to the steel combined with a flexible product which protects the steel against corrosion and lubricates the steel-steel contact zones and plastic-material
  • a gland-type sealing system as described in application EP-A-0 323 285, and strip the ends of the strands beyond of this sealing system to anchor them firmly to the structure II is advantageous that there is no communication between the adjacent cylindrical conduits defined by the longitudinal orifices 2
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 thus show, in a nonlimiting manner, sections of sheath 1 with a polygonal external profile.
  • the hexagonal shape of FIG. 2 makes it possible to produce bundles each having a sheathed set of strands, which can easily be assembled in parallel to form cables of relatively large section
  • the rectangular shape of FIG. 3 is suitable in certain prestressing applications where cables in the form of a strip are required
  • the section of sheath in which the metal strands will be threaded is produced by placing a set of individual tubes 4 in an outer tube 5, and by injecting a hardenable material 6 in the intervals remaining in the outer tube 5 around the individual tubes 4
  • the interior of the tubes 5 then forms the longitudinal orifices 2 of the matrix formed by the section of sheath
  • the injection and hardening of the material can take place in the factory or on the construction site of the structure After hardening, the strands are threaded (before or after installation of the sheath in the place assigned to it in the structure), anchored, then tensioned
  • the tubes 4 and 5 are for example made of HDPE, and the injected material 6 can be a plastic resin preferably having viscoelastic properties after hardening. In a variant, the injected material 6 is a cement grout
  • One or more of the orifices 2 provided in the sheath may not contain a strand, but serve as an opening or a channel for receiving organs such as optical fibers or sensors.
  • the sheath then incorporates functions usually fulfilled by attached devices.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The structural cable has a bundle of substantially parallel tendons contained in at least one plastic protective sheath section. The plastic material of the sheath section extends between the tendons to form a coherent matrix for spacing the tendons. The cable may be used as a pre-stressing cable, a stay cable or a carrying cable for suspension bridges.

Description

CÂBLE DE STRUCTURE D'OUVRAGE DE CONSTRUCTION, TRONÇON DE GAINE D'UN TEL CÂBLE, ET PROCÉDÉ DE POSE CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURE CABLE, SHEATH SECTION OF SUCH CABLE, AND LAYING METHOD
La présente invention concerne les câbles de structure utilisés dans la construction d'ouvrages d'art Elle trouve notamment des applications dans le domaine de la précontrainte, du haubanage de portions d'ouvrage, ou encore dans les ponts suspendusThe present invention relates to structural cables used in the construction of engineering structures. It particularly finds applications in the field of prestressing, guying of portions of structures, or even in suspension bridges.
Les câbles de structure modernes sont souvent constitués de brins tendus unitaires, fils ou torons, disposés en faisceaux quasi-parallèles dans des gaines ou à l'air libre Compte tenu de l'agressivité de l'environnement extérieur et des exigences de durabilité, ces câbles possèdent généralement des couches de protection anticorrosion huile, galvanisation, graissage cirage, remplissage par des matériaux élastomères ou du coulis de ciment, ou gainage extérieur métallique ou en matière plastiqueModern structural cables are often made up of unitary stretched strands, wires or strands, arranged in almost parallel bundles in sheaths or in the open air. Given the aggressiveness of the external environment and the requirements of durability, these cables generally have anti-corrosion oil protection layers, galvanizing, waxing lubrication, filling with elastomeric materials or cement grout, or metallic or plastic outer sheathing
Ces protections anticorrosion sont réalisées sur les câbles de structure (câble de précontrainte, câble de pont à hauban, de pont suspendu ou tout autre câble de structure) soit au niveau des brins unitaires ou de sous- ensemble de brins, soit de manière globale pour le câbleThese anti-corrosion protections are carried out on structural cables (prestressing cable, cable stayed cable, suspension bridge or any other structural cable) either at the level of the individual strands or of sub-assembly of strands, or generally for the cable
Les protections réalisées au niveau des brins unitaires possèdent plusieurs avantages en isolant électriquement et mécaniquement les brins unitaires des câbles Cette isolation évite les pontages électriques, les corrosions généralisées à une section de câble par « effet de gangrène » les contacts latéraux des zones de courbure où les pressions entre brins peuvent créer des concentrations de contrainte néfastes à une bonne tenue statique ou dynamique Elle évite aussi les contacts latéraux dans les parties rectilignes lorsque les brins sont libres de se mouvoirThe protections made at the level of the unit strands have several advantages by electrically and mechanically insulating the unit strands of cables. This insulation avoids electric bridging, generalized corrosions to a section of cable by "gangrene effect" the lateral contacts of the bending zones where the pressures between strands can create concentrations of stress harmful to good static or dynamic resistance It also avoids lateral contacts in the rectilinear parts when the strands are free to move
Les protections individuelles des brins peuvent prendre la forme d'un gainage toron gainé-graissé dans l'application à la précontrainte, toron autoprotégé de structure haubanée, ou encore toron cohérent (EP-A-0 855 471 ) Dans certaines applications, les torons individuellement gainés sont positionnés avec leurs gaines dans une masse de matériau injecté et durci, tel qu'un coulis de ciment, qui forme écarteur mécanique (voir EP-A-0 220 1 13, EP-A-0 437 143, EP-A-0 465 303) Au moment où les torons sont mis en tension, la masse préalablement durcie maintient leur distribution transversale dans la gaine et évite leur détérioration dans les parties courbes du câbleThe individual strand protections can take the form of a sheathing of a sheathed-greased strand in the application of prestressing, a self-protected strand of guyed structure, or even a coherent strand (EP-A-0 855 471). In certain applications, the strands individually sheathed are positioned with their sheaths in a mass of injected and hardened material, such as a cement grout, which forms a mechanical spacer (see EP-A-0 220 1 13, EP-A-0 437 143, EP-A -0 465 303) When the strands are tensioned, the previously hardened mass maintains their transverse distribution in the sheath and prevents their deterioration in the curved parts of the cable
La présente invention a pour but de proposer un mode de protection de bπns constitutifs d'un câble de structure, qui soit compatible avec diverses applications et divers types de toronsThe object of the present invention is to propose a mode of protection of bπns constituting a structural cable, which is compatible with various applications and various types of strands
L'invention propose ainsi un câble de structure d'ouvrage de construction, comprenant au moins un faisceau de brins tendus sensiblement parallèles contenu dans au moins un tronçon de gaine protectrice en matière plastique, dans lequel la matière plastique du tronçon de gaine s'étend entre les brins pour former une matrice cohérente d'espacement des brinsThe invention thus provides a construction structure cable, comprising at least one bundle of substantially parallel stretched strands contained in at least one section of protective plastic sheath, in which the plastic of the sheath section extends between strands to form a coherent strand spacing matrix
La gaine protectrice en matière plastique joue ainsi le rôle d'espacement mécanique des brins, et constitue un fourreau individuel pour chaque brinThe protective plastic sheath thus plays the role of mechanical spacing of the strands, and constitutes an individual sheath for each strand.
Un autre avantage est de permettre de se dispenser éventuellement des opérations d'injection de la gaine après mise en place des brins opérations généralement coûteuses et délicatesAnother advantage is that it makes it possible to dispense with the operations of injecting the sheath after the strands have been put in place, generally expensive and delicate operations.
Dans des modes de réalisation particuliers du câble de structure selon l'inventionIn particular embodiments of the structural cable according to the invention
- le tronçon de gaine est une pièce en matière plastique présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles, qui de préférence ne communiquent pas entre eux , il est possible qu'un ou plusieurs de ces orifices longitudinaux ne contiennent pas de brin tendu mais soient prévus pour remplir d'autre fonctions (évent, conduit pour des capteurs de mesure ou des fibres optiques de transmission, ) ,- The sheath section is a plastic part having substantially parallel longitudinal holes, which preferably do not communicate with each other, it is possible that one or more of these longitudinal holes do not contain any stretched strands but are provided to fill other functions (vent, conduit for measurement sensors or optical transmission fibers),
- les brins tendus sont des torons métalliques nus ou individuellement protégés ,- the stretched strands are bare or individually protected metal strands,
- le câble comprend plusieurs tronçons de gaine successifs assemblés mécaniquement ou par soudage ,the cable comprises several successive sheath sections assembled mechanically or by welding,
- le tronçon de gaine a une section transversale extérieure de forme circulaire ou polygonale, par exemple une forme facilitant la juxtaposition de plusieurs faisceaux de brins dans un câble de section relativement importante , - la matière plastique du tronçon de gaine comporte une combinaison de matériaux , une telle combinaison peut comporter, vers l'extérieur du tronçon de gaine, un matériau procurant une résistance de surface, et vers l'intérieur du tronçon de gaine, un matériau visco-élastique et/ou procurant un faible coefficient de frottement avec les brins , - le tronçon de gaine, ou un ensemble de tronçons de gaine assemblés bout à bout, s'étend sur sensiblement toute la longueur d'une partie courante du câble entre deux ancrages d'extrémité ;the sheath section has an outer cross section of circular or polygonal shape, for example a shape facilitating the juxtaposition of several bundles of strands in a cable of relatively large section, the plastic material of the sheath section comprises a combination of materials, such a combination can comprise, towards the outside of the sheath section, a material providing surface resistance, and towards the inside of the sheath section, a visco-elastic material and / or providing a low coefficient of friction with the strands , - The sheath section, or a set of sheath sections assembled end to end, extends over substantially the entire length of a running part of the cable between two end anchors;
- le câble forme un câble de précontrainte, un hauban ou un câble porteur de pont suspendu.- the cable forms a prestressing cable, a stay cable or a suspension bridge carrying cable.
Un autre aspect de la présente invention se rapporte à un tronçon de gaine de câble de structure pour ouvrage de construction, qui constitue un produit semi-fini avant l'introduction des brins Ce tronçon de gaine forme une matrice cohérente d'espacement présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles aptes à recevoir chacun un brin tendu du câbleAnother aspect of the present invention relates to a section of sheath of structural cable for construction work, which constitutes a semi-finished product before the introduction of the strands This section of sheath forms a coherent spacing matrix having orifices substantially parallel longitudinal adapted to each receive a stretched cable
La matrice peut être en matière plastique. Elle peut aussi comporter une partie en matériau injecté tel qu'un coulis de ciment. Dans ce dernier cas, elle peut par exemple comprendre des tubes individuels en matière plastique destinés à recevoir les brins tendus, disposés dans un tube extérieur, avec le matériau injecté comblant le tube extérieur autour des tubes individuelsThe matrix can be made of plastic. It can also include a part made of injected material such as a cement grout. In the latter case, it may for example comprise individual plastic tubes intended to receive the stretched strands, arranged in an outer tube, with the injected material filling the outer tube around the individual tubes.
Un autre aspect encore se rapporte à un procédé de pose d'un câble de structure dans un ouvrage de construction, dans lequel on utilise une gaine ayant au moins un tronçon formant une matrice cohérente d'espacement présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles, on engage des brins respectifs dans certains au moins des orifices du tronçon de gaine, et on met en tension les brins.Yet another aspect relates to a method of laying a structural cable in a construction work, in which a sheath having at least one section forming a coherent spacing matrix having substantially parallel longitudinal orifices is used, one engages respective strands in at least some of the orifices of the sheath section, and the strands are tensioned.
Les brins peuvent être engagés dans les orifices du tronçon de gaine par traction sur des guides préalablement enfilés dans les orifices, ou encore par poussage. Leur mise en tension peut être individuelle ou collective. Chaque brin peut être extrait et/ou remplacé séparément en cas de besoin.The strands can be engaged in the orifices of the sheath section by traction on guides previously threaded in the orifices, or even by pushing. Their tensioning can be individual or collective. Each strand can be extracted and / or replaced separately if necessary.
D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après d'exemples de réalisation non limitatifs, en référence au dessin annexé, dans lequel :Other particularities and advantages of the present invention will appear in the description below of nonlimiting exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un câble de structure réalisé conformément à l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structural cable produced in accordance with the invention;
- les figures 2 à 4 sont des vues en coupe transversale de variantes de tronçons de gaine selon l'invention- Figures 2 to 4 are cross-sectional views of variants of sheath sections according to the invention
La figure 1 montre un tronçon de gaine 1 formé par une pièce de forme générale cylindrique en matière plastique, percée d'orifices longitudinaux parallèles 2. Chaque orifice 2, de section cylindrique, reçoit un brin métallique 3 du câble L'exemple dessiné sur la figure 1 est un câble composé de 19 brins parallèles non jointifs agencés en disposition hexagonale, dont un seul est représenté Le tronçon de gaine 1 a une forme extérieure cylindrique dans l'exemple de la figure 1 Cette forme pourrait encore être profilée afin d'optimiser son aérodynamisme Si le câble de structure est expose a l'extérieur de l'ouvrage, cette forme extérieure peut, de façon connue, être munie d'éléments ou de reliefs, par exemple hélicoïdaux, permettant de diminuer les risques de déformation par la pluie et le ventFIG. 1 shows a section of sheath 1 formed by a generally cylindrical piece of plastic material, pierced with parallel longitudinal orifices 2. Each orifice 2, of cylindrical section, receives a metal strand 3 of the cable. The example drawn in FIG. 1 is a cable composed of 19 parallel non-contiguous strands arranged in hexagonal arrangement, only one of which is shown. cylindrical outer shape in the example of Figure 1 This shape could also be profiled in order to optimize its aerodynamics If the structural cable is exposed outside the structure, this outer shape can, in known manner, be provided elements or reliefs, for example helical, to reduce the risk of deformation by rain and wind
La gaine se compose d'un tronçon unique s'étendant sur toute la longueur du câble entre ses deux extrémités ancrées, ou de plusieurs tronçons successifs assemblés mécaniquement, par exemple au moyen d'éclisses ou de manchons, ou encore soudés bout à bout Dans ce dernier cas, on peut prévoir des repères d'indexage pour positionner les tronçons avant l'assemblageThe sheath consists of a single section extending over the entire length of the cable between its two anchored ends, or of several successive sections assembled mechanically, for example by means of fishplates or sleeves, or even welded end to end In in the latter case, indexing marks can be provided to position the sections before assembly
La matière plastique du tronçon de gaine 1 peut être une polyoléfme telle qu'un polyéthylène à haute densité (PEHD) Elle peut également être a base de résine (époxy par exemple) Le tronçon de gaine 1 est par exemple fabriqué par extrusion Chaque tronçon peut être installé sur un plateau de transport routier ou de fret maritime pour l'amener sur le site de construction de l'ouvrage On peut également l'enrouler sur des bobines, permettant le transport de grandes longueurs sur le site de construction de l'ouvrageThe plastic material of the sheath section 1 may be a polyolefin such as a high density polyethylene (HDPE) It may also be based on resin (for example epoxy) The sheath section 1 is for example manufactured by extrusion Each section can be installed on a road transport or sea freight platform to bring it to the construction site of the structure It can also be wound on reels, allowing the transport of great lengths on the construction site of the structure
La matière plastique du tronçon de gaine 1 peut également être composite et par exemple fabriquée par coextrusion Dans une telle réalisation la périphérie de la gaine est en un matériau choisi pour ses propriétés de résistance de surface (résistance aux chocs, aux conditions climatiques, aux salissures, au mouillage), alors que l'intérieur de la gaine est matériau choisi pour ses propriétés viscoélastiques (il contribue alors à amortir les vibrations des brins individuels), et/ou pour son faible coefficient de frottement avec les torons, ce qui facilite leur mise en placeThe plastic of the sheath section 1 can also be composite and for example manufactured by coextrusion. In such an embodiment, the periphery of the sheath is made of a material chosen for its surface resistance properties (impact resistance, weather conditions, soiling). , at wetting), while the inside of the sheath is a material chosen for its viscoelastic properties (it then helps to dampen the vibrations of the individual strands), and / or for its low coefficient of friction with the strands, which facilitates their set up
L'enfilage de chaque brin 3 dans un orifice longitudinal 2 de la gaine 1 est facilité parce que le brin est guidé dans l'orifice dont le diamètre correspond sensiblement à celui du brin, en étant légèrement supérieur On peut adopter deux méthodes pour enfiler les brins 3 - après avoir préalablement enfilé un filament-guide dans chacun des orifices 2, raccorder une extrémité du guide à une extrémité du brin 3 et engager le brin 3 par traction sur le guide ,The threading of each strand 3 into a longitudinal orifice 2 of the sheath 1 is facilitated because the strand is guided in the orifice whose diameter corresponds substantially to that of the strand, while being slightly larger. Two methods can be adopted for threading the strands 3 - after having previously threaded a guide filament into each of the orifices 2, connect one end of the guide to one end of the strand 3 and engage the strand 3 by pulling on the guide,
- pousser le brin 3 d'une extrémité à l'autre de l'orifice 2 au moyen d'un entraîneur mécanique de type pousseur à galet- push the strand 3 from one end to the other of the orifice 2 by means of a mechanical drive of the roller pusher type
La gaine formée par le tronçon 1 ou par plusieurs tronçons de ce type mis bout à bout s'étend de préférence sur toute la longueur de la partie courante du câble entre les deux ancrages d'extrémitéThe sheath formed by the section 1 or by several sections of this type placed end to end preferably extends over the entire length of the running part of the cable between the two end anchors
Un avantage appréciable de l'invention est que chaque brin individuel du câble peut être retiré et remplacé au moyen d'un dispositif relativement simple semblable a celui mis en œuvre lors de l'enfilage initial, ce qui facilite les opérations de contrôle et de maintenanceAn appreciable advantage of the invention is that each individual strand of the cable can be removed and replaced by means of a relatively simple device similar to that used during the initial threading, which facilitates control and maintenance operations.
Les brins tendus 3 du câble peuvent être des fils métalliques ou des torons en acier nu, comme représenté Dans ce cas, on peut prévoir d'injecter dans les interstices présents entre la gaine 1 et les brins 3 un produit de remplissage tel qu'une cire pétrolière ou une graisse de synthèse, protégeant l'acier contre la corrosion Ce produit peut être le même que celui injecté dans les dispositifs d'ancrage aux extrémités des torons, ce qui assure l'uniformité et la continuité de la protection anti-corrosion Les brins 3 peuvent également être des torons individuellement protégés, qu'on peut alors simplement enfiler dans la gaine La protection peut être une résine époxy enrobant les fils constitutifs du toron, une enveloppe en matière plastique adhérant à l'acier des fils, ou encore une enveloppe en matière plastique n'adhérant pas à l'acier associée à un produit souple qui protège l'acier contre la corrosion et lubrifie les zones de contact acier-acier et acier-matière plastique Au niveau des dispositifs d'ancrage des torons, on peut prévoir un système d'étanchéité de type presse-étoupe, comme décrit dans la demande EP-A-0 323 285, et dénuder les extrémités des torons au-delà de ce système d'étanchéité pour les ancrer fermement à la structure II est avantageux qu'il n'y ait pas de communication entre les conduits cylindriques adjacents définis par les orifices longitudinaux 2 Ainsi, si l'un des torons 3 se trouve atteint par la corrosion, il ne tend pas à contaminer les torons voisins Ceci garantit en outre l'absence de contacts entre les torons adjacents, ce qui leur évite de s'entrechoquer en cas de vibration du câble, et de se détériorer s'il tendent à se serrer les uns sur les autres sous l'effet de la traction La disposition transversale des trous 2 destinés à recevoir les torons est avantageusement régulière pour limiter l'encombrement transversal du câble Toutefois, elle pourrait aussi être irrégulièreThe stretched strands 3 of the cable can be metallic wires or bare steel strands, as shown. In this case, provision may be made to inject a filling product such as a filler into the interstices present between the sheath 1 and the strands 3. petroleum wax or synthetic grease, protecting steel against corrosion This product can be the same as that injected into the anchoring devices at the ends of the strands, which ensures uniformity and continuity of the anti-corrosion protection The strands 3 can also be individually protected strands, which can then simply be threaded into the sheath. The protection can be an epoxy resin coating the wires making up the strand, a plastic envelope adhering to the steel of the wires, or else a plastic envelope that does not adhere to the steel combined with a flexible product which protects the steel against corrosion and lubricates the steel-steel contact zones and plastic-material At the level of the strand anchoring devices, it is possible to provide a gland-type sealing system, as described in application EP-A-0 323 285, and strip the ends of the strands beyond of this sealing system to anchor them firmly to the structure II is advantageous that there is no communication between the adjacent cylindrical conduits defined by the longitudinal orifices 2 Thus, if one of the strands 3 is reached by corrosion, it does not tend to contaminate the neighboring strands This also guarantees the absence of contact between the adjacent strands, which prevents them from knocking against each other in the event of cable vibration, and from deteriorating if they tend to tighten on each other under the effect of traction The transverse arrangement of the holes 2 intended to receive the strands is advantageously regular in order to limit the transverse bulk of the cable. However, it could also be irregular.
Le profil extérieur de la gaine n'est pas nécessairement circulaire Les figures 2 et 3 montrent ainsi, de façon non-limitative, des tronçons de gaine 1 à profil extérieur polygonal La forme hexagonale de la figure 2 permet de réaliser des faisceaux comportant chacun un ensemble gainé de torons, qui peuvent aisément être assemblés en parallèle pour former des câbles de section relativement importante La forme rectangulaire de la figure 3 convient dans certaines applications de la précontrainte où on a besoin de câbles en forme de bandeThe outer profile of the sheath is not necessarily circular. FIGS. 2 and 3 thus show, in a nonlimiting manner, sections of sheath 1 with a polygonal external profile. The hexagonal shape of FIG. 2 makes it possible to produce bundles each having a sheathed set of strands, which can easily be assembled in parallel to form cables of relatively large section The rectangular shape of FIG. 3 is suitable in certain prestressing applications where cables in the form of a strip are required
Dans l'exemple montré sur la figure 4, le tronçon de gaine dans lequel seront enfilés les brins métalliques est réalisé en disposant un ensemble de tubes individuels 4 dans un tube extérieur 5, et en injectant une matière durcissable 6 dans les intervalles restant dans le tube extérieur 5 autour des tubes individuels 4 L'intérieur des tubes 5 forme alors les orifices longitudinaux 2 de la matrice formée par le tronçon de gaine L'injection et le durcissement de la matière peuvent avoir lieu en usine ou sur le site de construction de l'ouvrage Après durcissement, les torons sont enfilés (avant ou après installation de la gaine à la place qui lui est attribuée dans l'ouvrage), ancrés, puis mis en tensionIn the example shown in FIG. 4, the section of sheath in which the metal strands will be threaded is produced by placing a set of individual tubes 4 in an outer tube 5, and by injecting a hardenable material 6 in the intervals remaining in the outer tube 5 around the individual tubes 4 The interior of the tubes 5 then forms the longitudinal orifices 2 of the matrix formed by the section of sheath The injection and hardening of the material can take place in the factory or on the construction site of the structure After hardening, the strands are threaded (before or after installation of the sheath in the place assigned to it in the structure), anchored, then tensioned
Les tubes 4 et 5 sont par exemple en PEHD, et la matière injectée 6 peut être une résine plastique ayant de préférence des propriétés viscoélastiques après durcissement. Dans une variante, la matière injectée 6 est un coulis de cimentThe tubes 4 and 5 are for example made of HDPE, and the injected material 6 can be a plastic resin preferably having viscoelastic properties after hardening. In a variant, the injected material 6 is a cement grout
Un ou plusieurs des orifices 2 prévus dans la gaine peut ne pas contenir de toron, mais servir d'éveπt ou de canal pour recevoir des organes tels que fibres optiques ou capteurs La gaine incorpore alors des fonctions habituellement remplies par des dispositifs rapportés One or more of the orifices 2 provided in the sheath may not contain a strand, but serve as an opening or a channel for receiving organs such as optical fibers or sensors. The sheath then incorporates functions usually fulfilled by attached devices.

Claims

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S R E V E N D I C A T I O N S
1 Câble de structure d'ouvrage de construction, comprenant au moins un faisceau de bnns tendus sensiblement parallèles (3) contenu dans au moins un tronçon de gaine protectrice en matière plastique (1 ), caractérisé en ce que la matière plastique du tronçon de gaine s'étend entre les bnns pour former une matrice cohérente d'espacement des brins1 Construction structure cable, comprising at least one bundle of substantially parallel stretched bnns (3) contained in at least one section of protective plastic sheath (1), characterized in that the plastic of the sheath section extends between the bnns to form a coherent strand spacing matrix
2 Câble de structure selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le tronçon de gaine (1 ) est une pièce en matière plastique présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles (2)2 structural cable according to claim 1, wherein the sheath section (1) is a plastic part having substantially parallel longitudinal holes (2)
3 Câble de structure selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdits orifices longitudinaux (2) ne communiquent pas entre eux3 structural cable according to claim 2, wherein said longitudinal holes (2) do not communicate with each other
4 Câble de structure selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel au moins un desdits orifices longitudinaux (2) ne contient pas de brin tendu4 structural cable according to claim 2 or 3, wherein at least one of said longitudinal holes (2) does not contain a stretched strand
5 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les bnns tendus (3) sont des torons métalliques nus ou individuellement protégés5 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tensioned bnns (3) are bare metal strands or individually protected
6 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant plusieurs tronçons de gaine successifs (1 ) assemblés mécaniquement ou par soudage6 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising several successive sheath sections (1) assembled mechanically or by welding
7 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le tronçon de gaine a une section transversale extérieure de forme circulaire ou polygonale7 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sheath section has an outer cross section of circular or polygonal shape
8 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la matière plastique du tronçon de gaine (1 ) comporte une combinaison de matériaux.8 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plastic of the sheath section (1) comprises a combination of materials.
9 Câble de structure selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ladite combinaison de matériaux comporte, vers l'extérieur du tronçon de gaine, un matériau procurant une résistance de surface, et vers l'intérieur du tronçon de game, un matériau visco-élastique et/ou procurant un faible coefficient de frottement avec les brins.9 structural cable according to claim 8, wherein said combination of materials comprises, towards the outside of the sheath section, a material providing a surface resistance, and towards the inside of the section of game, a visco-elastic material and / or providing a low coefficient of friction with the strands.
10 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel le tronçon de gaine (1 ), ou un ensemble de tronçons de gaine assemblés bout à bout, s'étend sur sensiblement toute la longueur d'une partie courante du câble entre deux ancrages d'extrémité.10 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sheath section (1), or a set of sheath sections assembled end to end, extends over substantially the entire length of a running part cable between two end anchors.
11 Câble de structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, formant un câble de précontrainte, un hauban ou un câble porteur de pont suspendu.11 structural cable according to any one of claims 1 to 10, forming a prestressing cable, a stay cable or a suspension bridge carrying cable.
12 Tronçon de gaine de câble de structure pour ouvrage de construction, caractérisé en ce qu'il forme une matrice cohérente d'espacement (1 ) présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles (2) aptes à recevoir chacun un brin tendu (3) du câble, le tronçon de gaine constituant un produit semi-fini avant l'introduction des brins.12 Section of structural cable sheath for construction work, characterized in that it forms a coherent spacing matrix (1) having substantially parallel longitudinal orifices (2) capable of each receiving a taut strand (3) of the cable , the section of sheath constituting a semi-finished product before the introduction of the strands.
13 Tronçon de gaine selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la matrice est en matière plastique.13 sheath section according to claim 12, wherein the matrix is made of plastic.
14 Procédé de pose d'un câble de structure dans un ouvrage de construction, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise une gaine ayant au moins un tronçon (1 ) formant une matrice cohérente d'espacement présentant des orifices longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles (2), on engage des brins respectifs (3) dans certains au moins des orifices du tronçon de gaine, et on met en tension les brins.14 A method of laying a structural cable in a construction work, characterized in that a sheath is used having at least one section (1) forming a coherent spacing matrix having substantially parallel longitudinal orifices (2), respective strands (3) are engaged in at least some of the orifices of the sheath section, and the strands are tensioned.
15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel les brins (3) sont engagés dans les orifices (2) du tronçon de gaine (1 ) par traction sur des guides préalablement enfilés dans les orifices.15. The method of claim 14, wherein the strands (3) are engaged in the orifices (2) of the sheath section (1) by traction on guides previously threaded in the orifices.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel les brins (3) sont engagés dans les orifices (2) du tronçon de gaine (1 ) par poussage. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the strands (3) are engaged in the orifices (2) of the sheath section (1) by pushing.
EP00936964A 1999-06-02 2000-05-29 Structural cable for civil engineering works, sheath section for such a cable and method for laying same Expired - Lifetime EP1100991B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9906967A FR2794477B1 (en) 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 CONSTRUCTION OPENING STRUCTURE CABLE, SHEATH SECTION OF SUCH CABLE, AND LAYING METHOD
FR9906967 1999-06-02
PCT/FR2000/001462 WO2000075418A1 (en) 1999-06-02 2000-05-29 Structural cable for civil engineering works, sheath section for such a cable and method for laying same

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EP1100991A1 true EP1100991A1 (en) 2001-05-23
EP1100991B1 EP1100991B1 (en) 2003-10-15

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EP (1) EP1100991B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003501562A (en)
AT (1) ATE252174T1 (en)
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DE (1) DE60005906T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2208336T3 (en)
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ES2208336T3 (en) 2004-06-16
FR2794477A1 (en) 2000-12-08
US6476326B1 (en) 2002-11-05
AU763147B2 (en) 2003-07-17
EP1100991B1 (en) 2003-10-15
ATE252174T1 (en) 2003-11-15
WO2000075418A1 (en) 2000-12-14
DE60005906T2 (en) 2004-08-19
PT1100991E (en) 2004-02-27
FR2794477B1 (en) 2001-09-14
AU5227300A (en) 2000-12-28
JP2003501562A (en) 2003-01-14
DE60005906D1 (en) 2003-11-20

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