EP1099829A2 - Insert for silencer - Google Patents

Abstract

The inlet (6) of the silencer (1) has a tapered reducing piece (4,5) leading into the perforated tube (2). The concentric space (8) between the inner and outer tubes acts as an expansion chamber. Some of the exhaust gases flow through the perforations and are released to the outside through vanes (17) at the outlet (19) end of the silencer. There may be a large-diameter pipe surrounding these vanes. The vanes are made by bending the edges of discs (14) which have openings (11,18) in them to allow exhaust gases to flow through.

Description

The invention relates to a damper insert according to the preamble of claim 1 or 4.

In particular, imported exhaust systems, including those from imported motorcycles often do not meet the prescribed limit values with regard to noise emission that a retrofit will then be necessary. Not only is this expensive, it is in many cases because of the impairment of the original optical Appearance e.g. reluctant to make a motorcycle.

The object of the invention is to show a damping element which can be without Change of the original visual appearance of the exhaust system Motorcycles can be integrated into them and, moreover, despite compliance with prescribed limits when driving also those desired by bikers "Sound" conveys.

To solve this problem is a damping element according to the Claim 1 or 4 formed.

The damper insert according to the invention can be easily inserted into existing ones Retrofit exhaust systems or their pots. The damper insert according to the invention can also be installed in a muffler at the manufacturer, without that this affects the original visual appearance. The The damper insert is therefore a retrofit part or part of a muffler.

Fig. 1

1 in vereinfachter Darstellung und im Längsschnitt einen Dämpfereinsatz gemäß der Erfindung;

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt entsprechend der der Linie 1 - 1 der Figur 1;

Fig. 3 und 4

jeweils im Längsschnitt ein Dämpfereinsatz der Figuren 1 und 2 in einem Auspufftopf eines Motorrades montiert;

Fig. 5

einen Dämpfereinsatz im Längsschnitt gemäß einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Fig. 6

in Einzeldarstellung das scheibenartige Endstück des Dämpfereinsatzes der Figur 5;

Fig. 7 - 9

1 jeweils in vereinfachter Teildarstellung und im Schnitt weitere mögliche Ausführungsformen eines Dämpfereinsatzes gemäß der Erfindung;

Fig. 10

1 in vereinfachter Darstellung und im Schnitt das rückwärtige Ende eines Dämpfers oder Dämpfereinsatzes mit Verstellplatte.

Developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures using exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

1 in a simplified representation and in longitudinal section, a damper insert according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a section along the line 1 - 1 of Figure 1;

3 and 4

in each case in longitudinal section a damper insert of Figures 1 and 2 mounted in a muffler of a motorcycle;

Fig. 5

a damper insert in longitudinal section according to another possible embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6

in individual representation the disc-like end piece of the damper insert of Figure 5;

Fig. 7-9

1 each in a simplified partial representation and in section, further possible embodiments of a damper insert according to the invention;

Fig. 10

1 in a simplified representation and in section the rear end of a damper or damper insert with adjustment plate.

The damper insert generally designated 1 in FIGS. out an inner, with its axis coaxial with the longitudinal axis L des Damper insert arranged flow tube 2, which is open at both ends and in the middle by a baffle 3 in two by the baffle 3 against each other sealed sections 2 'and 2 "is divided. One end, i.e. that the baffle plate 3 distal end of the section 2 'is open at both ends Reducer 4 with the inlet 6 formed by a further reducer 5 connected via which the damping insert 1 to an exhaust pipe, not shown or can be connected to an exhaust manifold, for example of a motorcycle.

The flow tube 2 is concentrically surrounded by an outer expansion tube 7, in such a way that between the outer surface of the flow tube 2 and the Inner surface of the expansion tube 7 concentrically enclosing the longitudinal axis L. Ring channel 8 is formed. This ring channel is closed at both ends, namely on the one, in the right end of Figure 1 through there closely to each other and with the Flow pipe 2 and expansion pipe 7 connected reducers 4 and 5 and on other, left in Figure 1 end by a circular disc-like end piece 9, which is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L and with which the there ends of the flow tube 2 and the expansion tube 7 tightly connected are. The end piece 9, which is arranged with its axis coaxial with the longitudinal axis L, has an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the Expansion tube 7, so that the end piece 9 with its edge 10 radially over the Expansion pipe 7 protrudes.

The end piece 9 is cup-shaped, i.e. the edge 10 is of a Longitudinal axis L concentrically enclosing hollow cylindrical wall section educated. In the middle, the end piece 9 has an opening 11 through which the there end of section 2 "is open.

In the vicinity of the baffle plate 3, the flow tube 2 is on both sides thereof Baffle perforated, i.e. provided with a plurality of openings 12 through which the Interior of the sections 2 'and 2 "is in each case connected to the ring channel 8. As shown, the number of openings 12 at section 2 'is greater than that corresponding number at section 2 ", i.e. the number formed by openings 12 Perforation extends from the baffle 3 in the axial direction on the section 2 'over a greater length than at section 2 ".

At least in a partial area, the outer expansion tube 7 is also one of Openings 13 provided perforation.

On the side facing away from the bend pipe 2 and expansion pipe 7 is on End piece 9 arranged a plurality of circular disk-shaped disks 14 each have the same outside diameter and are axially aligned with their axes are oriented with the longitudinal axis L. The disks 14 are attached to bolts 15 which are screwed into corresponding threads on the end piece 9. Between the tail 9 and the adjacent disc 14, between the discs 14 and also between the most distant disc 14 and one to the end piece 9 Bolt 15 held end plate 16, spacers are provided, the one Distance between the disks 14 and between the first disk 14 and the Ensure end piece 9 and the last washer 14 and end washer 16. The Discs 14 and the end plate 16 are each with a plate-like frustoconical edge area, so that between these discs slot or ring-shaped outlets 17 result in the sectional view of the figure 1 enclose with its axis an angle with the longitudinal axis L that is less than 90 ° and towards the back of the damping insert 1, i.e. to the lens 16 opens.

The individual disks 14 are provided with openings 18, so that that from the Section 2 "through the opening 11 of the end piece 9 into the from the disks 14th formed disk assembly 19 flowing exhaust gas at the plurality of can exit slot-like openings 18.

FIG. 3 essentially shows the installed state of the damper insert 1 circular cylindrical damper or damper pot 20 of a motorcycle exhaust. The Damper insert 1 is installed so that inlet 6 is connected to inlet 21, via which the pot 20 is connected to the exhaust manifold, not shown. The pot 20 has an inside and outside diameter that is significantly larger than the outer diameter of the expansion tube 7. the inner diameter of the pot 20 corresponds to the outer diameter which the end piece 9 has at the edge 10, so that the damper insert 1 at its end remote from the inlet 6 through the End piece 9 with its axis L coaxial with the axis of the pot 20 in this is held and also axially fixed. The disk assembly 19 is on the open End of the pot 20, but within this pot.

The annular space surrounding the expansion tube 7 between the outer surface thereof Tube and the inner surface of the pot 20 is made of a sound-absorbing material 23, for example filled with glass or rock wool.

The damping element 1 acts in this assembled in the figure 3 Condition on the one hand as an expansion damper and on the other hand as Absorption damper. The exhaust gas passes through the pot connection 21 and the inlet 6 in the section 2 'of the flow tube 2, is then at least partially on Baffle plate 3 reflects and enters through the perforation 12 in section 2 ' Flow tube 2 surrounding expansion chamber 8, where an expansion of the gas and associated with this is a sound attenuation through expansion as well as through the Perforation 13 in connection with the absorption material 23 also by absorption he follows. The exhaust gas then passes from the expansion space 8 through the perforation 12 at section 2 "in this section, with further expansion before the exhaust gas then via the disk arrangement 19 to the outlet 22 of the pot 20th reached.

The damper insert 1 thus has the advantage that while maintaining the outer shape or the design of the exhaust system and in particular the pot 20 through the legal regulations prescribed noise reduction values without any problems can be achieved. Another advantage is that the damper insert 1 at any time can be retrofitted.

FIG. 4 shows the installation of the damper insert 1 in a pot 20a Diameter frustoconical from the connection 21a to the outlet 22a enlarged. The between the outer surface of the expansion tube 7 and the inner surface of the pot 20a formed an annular space with an increasing towards the outlet 22a The width is again filled with the absorption material 23. With the disc-like end piece 9, the damper insert 1 is supported in the region of the outlet 22a on the inner surface of the pot 20a, so that the damper insert 1 coaxially with the axis of the pot 20a is held in this. The disk arrangement 19 is at this version through the outlet 22 of the pot 20 to the outside.

FIG. 5 shows a muffler in a simplified representation and in longitudinal section 20b, which with its connection 21b to a manifold, not shown Exhaust system can be connected and its diameter is based on that Port 21b enlarged towards the other end of the pot. There is a in the pot 20b Damper insert 1 b arranged, with its longitudinal axis coaxially with the Longitudinal axis L of the pot 20b.

Starting from the connection 21b, the damper insert 1b initially consists of a Reducer 30, via which the damper insert 1 b with the connection 21b is connected and to which the outer housing of the damper insert 1b forming pipe section 31 connects with an open end. The pipe section 31 has in the illustrated embodiment following the reducer 30 and in axial In the direction adjoining one another, a first circular-cylindrical section 31 ', an adjoining conical section 31 ", then a circular cylindrical section 31 "'with a Compared to section 31 'and much larger diameter then a conically narrowing section 31 "".

The pipe section forms on the partial length delimited by the sections 31 'and 31 " 31 an expansion space 32, which with the reducer 30 and thus with the Connection 21b via a provided on a further reducer 33, axially arranged with the axis L and extending into the expansion space 32 Pipe piece 34 is connected. This piece of pipe 34, the diameter of which is smaller is than the inner diameter of the portion 32 ', is on its peripheral surface with a A plurality of openings 35 are provided or perforated. Furthermore, the pipe section is also perforated at sections 31 'and 31 ", i.e. with a plurality of openings 36 Mistake. The between the outer surface of the pipe section 31 and the inner surface of the Pot 20b formed space is again filled with an absorption material 37, so that the damper insert 1b in the area of the expansion chamber 32 as Absorption damper works.

At the transition between sections 31 "and 31 '' 'and at the transition between the sections 31 "'and 31" "is in each case in a plane perpendicular to Wall 38 or 39 lying along the longitudinal axis L is provided. Another wall 40 is provided approximately in the middle of section 31 '' ', between the two Walls 38 and 39. This results in a total of four in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. successive chambers are formed, each through the wall sections 38-40 are separated from each other, namely the chamber 32, the chamber 41 between the Wall sections 38 and 40, the chamber 42 between the wall sections 40 and 39 and the chamber 43 between the wall portion 39 and one circular disc-shaped end piece 44 at the distant from the connection 20b Pot end. The chambers 32, 41, 42 and 43, which are also expansion chambers, follow axially in this order. The circular disc-shaped end piece is similar formed the end piece 9 and in turn has one, the longitudinal axis L. concentrically enclosing annular edge 45, which is shown in the Embodiment is designed as a frustoconical ring and against the Supported inner surface of the pot 20b and thereby the damper insert 1b on the holds the terminal 21b distal pot end centered in the pot and secures axially. On the side of the end piece 44 facing away from the chamber 43 is again the top already described disc assembly 19 is provided, which also in this Embodiment protrudes from the pot 20b.

The pipe section 31 is in the area of the chambers 41, 42 and 43 with a perforation provided, as indicated with the openings 46, so that the damper insert there in connection with that between the outer surface of the pipe section 31 and the Absorbent material 37 arranged as an inner surface of the pot 20b Absorption damper works.

In the area of the section 31 ″, the inside of the pipe section 31 has a two ends open flow tube 47 is provided, which the chamber 32 with the chamber 43 connects, bypassing the two chambers 41 and 42. Das Flow tube 47 lies with its axis parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the pot 20b and is radially offset from the longitudinal axis of the pot. A smaller one in cross-section, flow tube 48, which is open at both ends, connects the chamber 41 to the chamber 43 also has a smaller diameter, open-ended flow tube 49 connects the chamber 41 with the chamber 42. Another, open at both ends Flow tube connects the chamber 42 to the chamber 43. The flow tubes 48, 49 and 50 are also parallel to the longitudinal axis L, but radial with respect to this transferred. Furthermore, the flow tubes 49 and 50 are axially aligned with one another arranged with the open ends of the flow tubes 49 and 50 in the chamber 42 are axially spaced apart. Aligned with the longitudinal axis L is a Flow pipe 51 arranged, which has an open end in the chamber 41st extends and with the other end on the side of the chamber 43 facing away from the End piece 44 is open and is held tight in an opening of this end piece. The Wall sections 38, 39 and 40 and also the end piece 44 thus also serve as Pipe support.

The damper insert 1 b forms a combination damper with absorption damping in the chambers 32, 41, 42 and 43, with reflection attenuation in particular in the Chambers 41 and 43 and with interference damping through the flow tubes 48, 49 and 50 in communication with chamber 42.

The interference damping is by appropriate choice of the length of the Diameter of the flow tubes 48 - 50 and by appropriate choice of Distance of the flow tubes 49 and 50 reached.

The length of the flow tube 51 can be changed for adjustment. This is for this Flow tube with a flange using the mounting screws 52 the end piece 44 exchangeably attached.

It is understood that, in particular, the flow tubes 47-50 are several times around the Longitudinal axis L can be provided distributed. Furthermore, it is understood that the Damper insert 1 b basically also with a muffler with one from the pot 20b deviating shape can be used, for example in one circular cylindrical pot corresponding to the pot 20.

The reducer 33 with the perforated pipe section 34 can also be omitted. By the length of the flow tube 48 and by the number of disks 14 of the Disc arrangement 19 and the mutual spacing of these discs exhaust gas back pressure and volume are adjusted on the damper.

FIGS. 7-9 show different variants of the in a simplified representation Invention similar to damper insert 1 of Figures 1-4.

The damper insert, generally designated 1c in FIG. 7, consists of essentially from an outer pipe section 53, which as expansion and Absorption tube corresponds to the expansion or absorption tube 7 and one Expansion space 54 forms, in which a section 2 "of the flow tube 2 corresponding flow tube 56 closed with a price bar 55 reaches in. This is arranged axially with the axis of the tube 53 a smaller compared to the inner diameter of the tube 53 Outside diameter and is with its right end not visible in Figure 7 in use, the damper insert 1c is connected to the manifold outlet. The tube 56, which forms a first chamber, is perforated on its circumference, i. H. provided with a plurality of openings 57. In the axial direction of the tube 53 A further flow tube 58 is provided offset from the tube 56, which forms a second chamber, again coaxial with the axis of the tube 53 is arranged, one in comparison to the inner diameter of the tube 53 has a reduced outer diameter and on its tube 56 facing End is closed with a tapered section 59 (impact cone). The both ends 55 and 59 are spaced apart in the axial direction of the tube 53.

The tube 58 is also perforated, i. H. it has a plurality of openings 60. As FIG. 10 in particular shows, the pipe 58 leads with its in FIG left end to a pane arrangement corresponding to the pane arrangement 19 19a, d. H. to the central opening 11 of this arrangement so that the exhaust gas from the Tube 58 through the openings 11 and the other, in the disks 14 of the Disc arrangement 19a provided openings 18 finally flowing through the slot-shaped outlets 17 formed on the periphery of the disk arrangement 19a can exit, as is already the case for the exit of the exhaust gas from the Flow pipe section 2 "of the damper insert 1 has been described.

A peculiarity of the disk arrangement 19a is that additional to the central opening 11 about the axis L of the disk assembly 19a or the axis of the Pipe piece 58 distributed and radially outwards relative to the central openings 11 offset additional gas outlet openings 61 are provided, for one Gas flow from the formed between the outer tube 53 and the tube 58 and Annulus 62 also acting as an expansion chamber in the disk arrangement 19 or in the subspaces formed between the disks 14. Through an adjustment plate 63 which by a predetermined pivot angle about the axis L of the Disk assembly 19a is pivotable back and forth on its circumference protruding adjustment lever 64, are the additional gas passage openings 61 fully or partially lockable. The adjustment plate 63 has this Control openings 65, which in an extreme position of the adjustment plate 63 (FIG. 11) are congruent with one gas passage opening 61 and in the other Extreme position of the adjusting plate 63 (FIG. 12) in relation to each Gas passage openings 61 are offset such that the latter through the adjustment plate 63rd are completely closed, the intermediate positions Gas passage openings 61 are partially open.

The exhaust gas flow in the damper insert 1c is therefore independent of the position the adjustment plate 63 from the chamber formed by the tube 58 through the internal gas passage opening 11 in the disk assembly 19a. In addition to this first exhaust gas flow is a further exhaust gas flow into the disk arrangement 19a possible, namely from the annular space 62 through the outer passage openings 61, this second gas flow can be adjusted by adjusting the adjustment plate 63 can and in particular also the sound and the exhaust back pressure of the with the Exhaust system provided with damper insert 1c.

The adjustment plate 63 is adjusted after the bolts 15 have been loosened possible. After tightening these bolts, the adjustment plate 63 is in her fixed each setting. In use, the damper insert is 1c as well the disk assembly 19a in turn received in the outer pot, which in the Figure 10 is designated 20c and is designed so that the handle 64 is accessible remains.

FIG. 8 shows a further possible variant of a damping insert 1d differs from the damping insert 1c in that instead of the Manifold outlet connected or to be connected pipe section 56 a Pipe piece arrangement 66 is provided, which consists of the two pipe pieces 67 and 68 consists of which the pipe section 67 with its not visible in Figure 8 right end in use is connected to the manifold outlet.

The pipe section 67 is also at its left end visible in FIG provide at least one opening, d. H. the pipe section 67 ends at this end a closed subspace 59 formed in the tube 53. The further tube section 68, which is open at both ends opens into part space 69 at one end (Expansion space) and with its other, open end over a conical one Extension 70 into the expansion space 54 formed in the tube 53, in which then also the pipe section 58 is arranged. With the extension 70 the subspace 69 is Expansion space 54 is tightly sealed. The two pipe sections 67 and 68 are continue to overlap with their ends and continue with theirs Longitudinal extension relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube 53 so that the over the pipe section 57 supplied gas flow from this pipe section 67 into the subspace 69 occurs, then reversing the direction of flow from the subspace 69 in the Pipe piece 68 enters and finally passes through this into expansion space 54, where the gas stream then enters the pipe section 58 via the openings 61 and from this through the central openings 11 in the disc assembly 19a or at corresponding position of the adjusting plate 63 also from the annular space 62 through the outer openings 61 in the disk assembly 19a. The pipe section 58 is in this Embodiment not by the tapered section 59, but by a flat baffle plate 72 closed.

FIG. 9 shows a greatly reduced partial representation as further possible ones Variant a damping insert 1e, which in the tube 53 for supplying the exhaust gas, for example the pipe section 56 or the one acting as a reflection damper Has pipe section arrangement 66 and in which the pipe section 58 for feeding the Exhaust gas to the central opening 11 at its disc assembly 19a opposite side is closed by a curved baffle plate 73.

Reference list

1, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e

Damper insert

2nd

Flow tube

2 ', 2' '

Flow pipe section

3rd

Baffle

4, 5

Reducer

6

Inlet

7

Expansion or absorption pipe

8th

Annulus, channel or expansion space

9

Tail

10th

edge

11

opening

12, 13

Perforation

14

disc

15

Bolt, screw

16

End plate or end cap

17th

Outlet

18th

Window opening

19, 19a

Disc arrangement

20, 20a, 20b, 20c

pot

21, 21a, 21b

Connection

22, 22a

Outlet

23

Absorbent material

30th

Reducer

31

Pipe piece

31 ', 31' ', 31' '', 31 '' ''

section

32

chamber

33

Reducer

34

Pipe piece

35, 36

perforation

37

Absorbent material

38, 39, 40

Wall

41, 42, 43

chamber

44

Tail

45

edge

46

perforation

47, 48, 49, 50, 51

Flow tube

52

Fastening screw

53

Expansion pipe

54

Expansion room

55

Baffle plate

56

Pipe piece, flow pipe

57

Opening or perforation

58

Pipe piece, flow pipe

59

closed end, impact cone

60

Perforation or opening

61

Gas passage opening

62

Annulus, expansion chamber

63

Adjustable plate

64

Adjustment lever

65

Tax opening

66

Pipe section arrangement, reflection damper

67, 68

Pipe piece

69

Partial space, expansion chamber

70

Extension, open cone

72

Baffle plate

73

curved end, baffle plate

L

Longitudinal axis

Claims (9)

Damper insert with an inlet (6) and with an outlet (19) for use in exhaust systems or mufflers of vehicles, in particular motorcycles, characterized by a first chamber (2 ') connected to the inlet (6) and with a to the outlet ( 19) leading second chamber (2 "), which are provided in a longitudinal direction (L) of the damper insert (1) one after the other and separated from one another, by an expansion chamber (8) enclosing the two chambers (2 ', 2") at least in a partial area ), with which at least one of the chambers (2 ', 2 ") is connected via at least one perforated section formed by a plurality of openings, the cross section of this opening (12) being substantially smaller than the flow cross section for the exhaust gas in the chambers (2 ', 2 "). Damper insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the Damper insert is formed by a disc arrangement (19, 19a), the one Variety of successive and in the longitudinal direction of the damper insert (1) spaced apart disks (14) each with at least one opening (13) is formed, and that between adjacent discs on the outer edge of the disc slot-shaped outlet openings are formed. Damper insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the first and second chamber (2 ', 2 ") in a flow tube (2) with a Chambers separating baffle plate (3) are formed, the baffle plate (3) in Area of the first chamber (2 ') opposite the inlet (6) and in the area the second chamber (2 ") is provided opposite the outlet and that Flow tube (2) with at least a partial length of an outer tube (7) Distance is enclosed, so that between the flow tube and the outer An annular space (8) forming the expansion chamber is formed, and / or that the two chambers (2 ', 2 ") in the longitudinal direction (L) of the damper insert (1) connect directly to each other or in the longitudinal direction (L) of the damper insert (1c, 1d, 1e) are offset from one another, and / or that the expansion chamber (8) for absorption damping on an outer surface is perforated to which a room with a sound absorbing material (23) connects. Damper insert with an inlet (30) and with an outlet (19) for use in exhaust systems or mufflers of vehicles, in particular motorcycles, characterized in that that a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber (42) and a fourth chamber (43) are provided in succession in a tubular housing (31) starting from the inlet (30) for the exhaust gas in a longitudinal axis (L), that the first chamber is designed as an expansion chamber with absorption damping, the fourth chamber (43) and the second chamber (41) as a chamber with reflection damping, that the respective inlet and the respective outlet are provided opposite a common reflection or impact surface in the second and fourth chambers, that the first chamber is directly connected to the fourth chamber furthest away from it, that the second chamber is connected directly to the outlet (19) and that an interference damping element enclosing the third chamber (42) is provided in the connection between the fourth chamber (43) and the second chamber (41), wherein the exhaust gas guide in the damper element (1 b) is such that the exhaust gas from the first chamber (32) in a first direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the damper insert (1) directly into the fourth chamber (43), from there after reflection in a second direction opposite the first via the interference damper into the second chamber (41) and from there after reflection in the first direction to the outlet (19) of the damper insert (1b). Damper insert according to claim 4, characterized in that the interference damping element comprises at least one first flow tube (48) connecting the fourth chamber to the second chamber and at least one second flow tube (50) connecting the fourth chamber (43) to the third chamber (42) and at least one third chamber (42) flow tube (49) connecting to the second chamber (41) is formed,
and or that the second and / or third and / or fourth chamber (41, 42, 43) are also designed as absorption dampers with walls perforated in at least one partial area and absorption material (37) adjoining on the outside,
and or that the connection between the first chamber (32) and the fourth chamber (43) is formed by a fourth flow tube (47) bridging the second and third chambers (41, 42),
and or that the connection between the second chamber (41) and the outlet (19) is formed by a fifth flow tube (51) bridging the third and fourth chambers (42, 43),
and or that the tubular housing (31) of the insert in the region of the first chamber (32) has a cross section which widens as the distance from the inlet (30) increases,
and or that the second and / or third chamber (41, 42) have a larger cross section than the first chamber (32),
and or that the fourth chamber (43) has a cross section that decreases towards the outlet (19),
and or that the flow tubes (47 - 51) are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis (L). Damper insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that an intermediate piece (33, 34) with perforation (35) is provided between the inlet (30) and the first chamber (32),
and or that the openings forming the respective perforations each have a much smaller diameter than the flow cross section. Damper insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing is formed by a tube piece (31) which, at the inlet (30), first has a first section (31 ') with a constant cross section, followed by a section (31 ") with an increasing cross-section, followed by a third section (31 "') with a constant cross-section but enlarged compared to the first section and then a fourth section (31"") with a reducing cross-section,
the first chamber (32) from the first and second sections (31 ', 31 "), the second and third chambers from the third section (31"') and the fourth chamber (43) from the fourth section (31 "" ) are formed. Damper insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that one of the chambers of at least two pipe sections (67, 68) and an additional chamber (69) having a pipe section or Reflection damper arrangement (66) is formed. Damper insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the disc arrangement (19a) has at least one first, preferably central gas passage opening (11) with a chamber or with a is connected to this leading flow pipe and that in addition to that at least a first opening at least a second to the disc assembly (19a) leading gas passage opening (61) is provided, through which the Disc arrangement with a the aforementioned chamber or the aforementioned Chamber surrounding the flow tube, for example with the expansion chamber (54) is connected and its flow cross section is adjustable.

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