Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/36—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D207/40—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones
  • C07D207/404—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms, e.g. succinimide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/36—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D207/40—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones
  • C07D207/404—2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms, e.g. succinimide
  • C07D207/408—Radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms attached to ring carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D211/80—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D211/84—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D211/86—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D211/88—Oxygen atoms attached in positions 2 and 6, e.g. glutarimide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms

Definitions

• the present invention relates to certain novel piperazine derivatives having protracted uro-selective ⁇ ,-adrenoceptor antagonistic activity exceeding those of previously described compounds.
• the compounds of the present invention hold promise for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
• This invention also relates to methods for making the novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions attaining the compounds, and methods of treating benign prostatic hyperplasia using the compounds.
• ⁇ ,-adrenoceptors are also present in blood vessels and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure.
• ⁇ ,-adrenoceptor antagonists are of particular importance as they were originally developed as antihypertensive agents and are likely also to have a beneficial effect on lipid dysfunction and insulin resistance, which are commonly associated with essential hypertension.
• the present invention is directed to the development of novel c ⁇ -antagonists, namely, a new class of piperazine compounds, with greater selectivity of action against CCIA adrenoceptors and which would thus offer selective relief for prostate hypertrophy as well as essential hypertension.
• An object of the present invention is to provide novel arylpiperazine derivatives that exhibit significantly greater ⁇ IA - adrenergic blocking potency than available with the known compounds in order to provide specific treatment for benign prostatic hype ⁇ lasia.
• compositions containing the novel compounds which are useful in the treatment of benign prostatic hype ⁇ lasia are useful in the treatment of benign prostatic hype ⁇ lasia.
• R 2 are independently selected from: H, F, Cl, Br, OCH 3 , OC J H J , OCH 2 CF 3 , SCF 3 , CH 3 , C ⁇ H j , CF 3 , isopropyloxy, and cyclopropyl;
• R 3 is H, Rg, OH or OR ⁇ ;
• R j is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl chain ⁇ ntaining 1-6 carbon atoms; and R , R j are H, C,.
• R is H
• R 2 is H, Cl or CF 3
• R 3 , R,, and R j H
• R, is H, R 2 is OCH 3 , R 3 , R, and R, H
• Ri is H
• R2 is H, Cl or CF3
• compositions for the treatment of benign prostatic hype ⁇ lasia comprise an effective amount of at least one of the above compounds of Formula I, or preferably of Formula II, and/or an effective amount of at least one physiologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the compounds of the present invention may be prepared by one of the reaction sequences (Schemes I, II & III) shown below to yield compounds of Formula II with the R,,
• Scheme-I shows the synthesis of compounds of the Formula II in which Ri , R2, R3, R4, R5, R Q - m', n, Z, Z', Q, X, and Y are as defined earlier.
• the preparation comprises condensing ⁇ , ⁇ -dicarboximides of Formula III with l-(4-a ⁇ ylpiperazin-l-yl)- ⁇ -chloroalkanes of Formula IV, in the presence of a base and an organic solvent at a temperature ranging from 80-150°C for a period varying between 8-24 hours to produce the corresponding l-(4-arylpiperazin-l-yl)- ⁇ -[N- ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dicarboximido)]alkanes of the Formula II where Rj and R2 have the meanings given above.
• Phase transfer catalysts preferably tetrabutylammonium bromide, are particularly useful in catalysing the reaction.
• the compounds of Formula II can also be prepared by condensation of the piperazines of the Formula V with the anhydrides of Formula VI wherein R ⁇ , R2, R3, Y, Z, Z', X, and m' are as defined above.
• the compounds of Formula II can also be prepared by alkylation of the ⁇ , ⁇ - dicarboximide moiety with ⁇ , ⁇ -dihaloalkanes followed by condensation of l-( ⁇ - haloalkyl)dicarboximide thus obtained (Formula VII) with 1 -arylpiperazines (Formula VIII) as shown below, wherein Rj, R2, R3, Y, Z, Z', X, m' and n are as defined above.
• the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base and an organic solvent at a temperature ranging from 60-100 C for a period varying between 10-24 hours to produce the corresponding l-(4- aryIpiperazin-l-yl)- ⁇ -[N-( ⁇ , ⁇ -dicarboximido)]alkanes of Formula II.
• Phase transfer catalysts more preferably tetrabutylammonium bromide and potassium iodide, are useful in catalysing the reaction.
• RBA's receptor binding assays
• the present invention also provides a method to demonstrate the selective affinity of the compounds for prostatic tissues over vascular tissues. Further, the examples presented below describe a method to treat BPH in mammals wherein the test compounds alleviated pressure at dosages which did not result in significant change in blood pressure. Several of the compounds of present invention demonstrated manifest selectivity for prostatic tissues in comparison to known compounds, such as terazosin, doxazosin, etc. The compounds of the present invention also lowered the blood pressure with prolonged duration of action. The compounds of the present invention have been demonstrated to be useful for treating warm blooded animals and mammals. These compounds can be administered orally or parenterally in suitable pharmaceutical compositions.
• Preferred compounds of the invention are l-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-l-yl]-3-(2,5- dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl)propane (Compound No. 2), l-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-l-ylj-4-(2,5- dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl)butane (Compound No. 9), and l-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-l-yl]-3- (2,6-dioxopiperidin-l-yl)propane (Compound No. 13).
• Pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic, acid addition salts of the compounds of the present invention having the utility of the free bases of Formulas I and II may be formed with inorganic or organic acids, by methods well known in the art and may be used in place of the free bases.
• suitable acids for formation of such acid addition salts are malic, fumaric, benzoic, ascorbic, pamoic, succinic, bismethylene salicylic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, acetic, propionic, tartaric, salicylic, citric, gluconic, aspartic, stearic, palmitic, itaconic, glycolic, p-aminobenzoic, glutamic, benzenesulfamic, phosphoric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, cyclohexylsulfamic, hydrochloric and nitric acids.
• the present invention also includes within its scope prodrugs of the compounds of Formulas I and II.
• prodrugs will be functional derivatives of these compounds which are readily converted in vivo into the defined compounds.
• Conventional procedures for the selection and preparation of suitable prodrugs are known.
• the invention also includes the enantiomers, diastereomers, N-oxides and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds, as well as metabolites having the same type of activity.
• the invention further includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising the molecules of Formula I and II, or prodrugs, metabolites, enantiomers, diastereomers, N-oxides, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and optionally included excipients.
• the invention is directed to methods for selectively blocking ⁇ IA receptors by delivering in the environment of said receptors, e.g., to the extracellular medium (or by administering to a mammal possessing said receptors), an effective amount of the compounds of the invention.
• l-Chloro-3-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl)propane can be prepared by the reaction of 2,5- dioxopyrrolidine and l-bromo-3-chloropropane in the presence of potassium carbonate and tetrabutylammonium bromide in acetone.
• l-Chloro-4-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl)butane can be prepared by the reaction of 2,5- dioxopyrrolidine and l-bromo-3-chlorobutane in the presence of potassium carbonate and tetrabutylammonium bromide in acetone.
• Residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (400 ml), washed with water (5 x 100 ml) and dried over Na ⁇ O ⁇ and concentrated to given an oil which was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (100-200 mesh) using chloroform-methanol (99:1) as eluent; yield
• hydrochloride salt was prepared in the quantitative yield by the addition of excess ethereal hydrogen chloride solution to a methanolic solution of the free base and collected by filtration of the resultant precipitate; m.p. 206-210°C.
• Receptor binding assays were performed for native ⁇ i-adrenoceptors. Rat submaxillary and rat liver membrane preparations were used to assess the affinity for ⁇ 1A and ⁇ , B subtypes, respectively. Aliquots of membrane protein (100 - 200 mg) were incubated in a final volume of 250 ml assay buffer (50 mM Tris, 0.5 mM EDTA at pH 7.4) with 0.5 nM [ 3 H] prazosin for 60 mins at 28°C. Reaction was stopped by rapid filtration on Millipore filters. Filters were dried and bound radioactivity counted. Non-specific binding was determined in the presence of 0.3 mM prazosin. Protein was assayed according to the method of protein estimation by Lowry, O.H. et al., J. Biol. Chem.. V. 193, pp. 265-275 (1951). Results are listed in Table 1.
• prostate and spleen tissues were isolated from urethane anaesthetized (1.5 gm/kg) male wistar rats. Isolated tissues were mounted in organ bath containing Krebs Henseleit buffer of the following composition (mM): NaCl 118; KCl 4.7; CaCl 2 2.5; MgS0 4 • 7H 2 O 1.2; NaHC0 3 25; KH-P0 4 1.2;
• H histaminergic
• angiotensin II angiotensin II
• endothelin E A and B
• Rat aorta was used to study the effect of the compounds on 5-HT2 A ,-ET A , calcium and potassium channels.
• Angiotensin II receptor antagonistic activity was studied in rabbit aorta.
• Muscarinic cholinergic receptor and ETg receptor antagonistic activity was studied in rat trachea, while guinea pig trachea was used to study H ⁇ receptor antagonistic activity.
• Electrically stimulated rat vas deferens was used to investigate the effect of ⁇ 2 -adrenoceptors, while ⁇ r adrenoceptor antagonistic activity was studied using electrically stimulated rat ventricular strips. Results of this selectivity study is shown in (Table 2).
• Antihypertensive effect of selected compounds according to the invention were studied for their ability to lower blood pressure in anaesthetized and conscious normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats via intravenous, oral and intraduodenal routes. Results are shown in Tables 1 and 3.
• Anaesthetized Normotensive Rats Intravenous Route Male wistar rats were anaesthetized with urethane (2.5 g kg). Femoral vein and carotid artery were cannulated. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded using Statham pressure transducer. Data was recorded on Grass polygraph as well as using online data acquisition system (Buxco AT). Intravenously administered compounds of the invention were initially tested at 0.3 mg kg over a period of 3 hours for their effect on blood pressure and the results are shown in Table 1. For a select few of the compounds, the blood pressure lowering effect upon intravenous administration was also studied at dosages of 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg kg.
• Spontaneously hypertensive rats weighing between 250 - 300 g were used in this study. Rats were fasted overnight. Blood pressure was monitored from tail artery using semi-automatic noninvasive blood pressure monitoring apparatus. Compounds of the present invention (at dosages of 1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) were administered orally. Blood pressure was monitored prior to and 1.5, 4, 6 and 24 hours after drug administration. Results are shown in Table 5.
• Intraurethral pressure was recorded on the polygraph through a pressure transducer.
• Graded dose response relationship of phenylephrine (1-16 ⁇ g/kg, iv) was obtained on prostatic pressure and blood pressure, prior to administration of the compounds of the present invention.
• Compounds 2, 9, and 13 (at dosages of 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg) were administered intravenously 10 min before obtaining phenylephrine dose response curves. Results were analyzed and pseudo pKg values were calculated as described in Kenny et al (1996). Results are shown in Table 6.

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• 1999
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