Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
  • C03C17/30—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with silicon-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
  • C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
  • C03C17/008—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character comprising a mixture of materials covered by two or more of the groups C03C17/02, C03C17/06, C03C17/22 and C03C17/28
  • C03C17/009—Mixtures of organic and inorganic materials, e.g. ormosils and ormocers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
  • C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
  • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
  • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
  • C08K3/36—Silica
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
  • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
  • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
  • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
  • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31507—Of polycarbonate

Definitions

• the present invention relates to coating compositions and their use for the production of transparent, water-spreading coatings on molded articles made of thermoplastic plastics or of glass.
• water-spreading is understood to mean the property of a surface to form a contact angle of less than 20 degrees with a water drop applied thereon.
• a water-spreading coating is accordingly a coating which brings about this property of a surface.
• Shaped bodies with a water-spreading surface have the property that water which gets on their surface does not contract there to separate drops, but that the drops spread out and flow into a closed layer when touched. This results in an improved light reflection on the surface moistened with water and a better light transmission in the case of transparent moldings. In addition, the dripping of water from the bottom of the molded body is difficult.
• These so-called antidrop properties which inhibit the formation of drops are required in particular for various glazing materials made from inorganic glasses (hereinafter referred to as glass for short) or from thermoplastic materials. It is desirable there that the condensation water or precipitation water which precipitates thereon does not drop out in the form of drops, but rather that, following the gradient of the material, it flows off in a closed layer or at least in coherent paths at the lower edge.
• inorganic constituents such as colloidal metal oxides, in particular aluminum oxide, or colloidal silicon dioxide have been incorporated into the coating compositions (EP-A 7 681 877 or EP-A 7 606 193).
• a 2 017 002 made of a plastic that contains surface-active agents, such as polyalkylene glycol.
• surface-active agents such as polyalkylene glycol.
• the water-spreading effect of this additive is not sufficient.
• the weather resistance of the plastic is also impaired.
• Metals or semi-metals combine the advantages of great hardness and good wettability with water without swelling, but have the disadvantage that they do not adhere at all.
• binders are used to anchor the oxides on the plastic surface, the wettability of the oxides and thus the water-spreading effect of the coating decrease, and the disadvantages of the binders emerge: mechanical sensitivity in the case of hydrophilic binders and insufficient water spreading in the case hydrophobic binder.
• the present invention is based on the object of providing coating compositions which are suitable for producing water-spreading, transparent coatings on moldings and which have excellent adhesive strength without an adhesion promoter layer and at the same time high mechanical strength.
• this object is achieved by providing a coating agent which is therefore the subject of the invention
• R 1 is a hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 C atoms
• R 2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms
• A is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 C atoms
• B is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 C atoms
• M n + is an n-positively charged cation
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the coating compositions according to the invention for the production of transparent, water-spreading coatings on molded articles of any kind, preferably on molded articles made of thermoplastic plastics or glass.
• the coating compositions according to the invention have excellent adhesive strength and high mechanical strength. Adhesion layers are not required.
• Another advantage of the coating compositions according to the invention is that they contain predominantly water and thus only small amounts of organic solvents. This has economic and ecological advantages.
• Element cations organic or inorganic molecular cations or organic or inorganic complex cations. Mixtures of different cations can also be used.
• Preferred compounds according to the general formula (1) are compounds represented by the general formula (2)
• R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 C atoms
• A is a single bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 3 C atoms
• B is a single bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 3 C atoms
• M n + is an n-fold positively charged cation.
• Particularly preferred compounds according to the general formula (1) are compounds represented by the general formula (3)
• R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 C atoms
• M n + is an n-fold positively charged cation.
• alkali salts or the alkaline earth salts or mixtures thereof are preferred.
• Alkali salts are very particularly preferred.
• An example of this is bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfonic succinate sodium salt.
• the compounds represented by the general formula (1) can be prepared by a known method. Some of them are commercially available.
• the compounds represented by the general formula (1) can be used as pure substance or as a solution in any solvent or solvent mixture for the preparation of the coating compositions. They are preferably used as a solution.
• the commercial product Dapro ® U99 can of Daniel Products Company, Inc., New Jersey, USA can be used.
• This is a solution of 40 g sulfonosuccinic acid bis (2-ethylhexyl ester) sodium salt in 43 g 2-butoxyethanol, 4 g ethanol, 3 g water and 10 g polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester (mixture based on essential on polyethylene glycol oleic acid ester, polyethylene glycol palmitic acid ester and polyethylene glycol stearic acid ester).
• the compound represented by the general formula (1) is used as a solution for the preparation of the coating composition according to the invention, this has the consequence that the coating composition in addition to the three components A, B and C mentioned above, namely the solvents of the solution of the compound represented by the general formula (I).
• the solution of the compound represented by the general formula (1) should preferably have a concentration of 5 to 95% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 90%, very particularly preferably 20 to 60%.
• Oxides of elements of the 3rd or 4th main group or of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th or 8th subgroup of the periodic table of the elements are preferably used as water-insoluble oxides according to the invention of a metal or a semimetal.
• examples include: aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, chromium oxide, indium oxide, zirconium oxide and iron oxides, and pigments, in particular transparent pigments.
• the oxides according to the invention can contain small amounts of other elements as dopants.
• Oxides of a metal or a semimetal of the 3rd or 4th main group of the periodic table of the elements are particularly preferably used. Examples include: aluminum oxide or silicon oxide.
• Oxides of a metal or a semimetal from the 4th main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements are very particularly preferably used. Among them, silica is most preferred.
• the oxides of a metal or semimetal according to the invention are preferably used as a sol, ie as an aqueous, colloidal solution which preferably contains a compound. concentration has 10 to 50% by mass of the metal oxide and its particles preferably have an average diameter of less than 5 ⁇ m.
• the oxide particles are preferably present in the sol according to the invention in an average size of less than 200 nm, particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 100 nm.
• the particle size is determined using an ultracentrifuge.
• the mixture of an acid and water according to the invention consists of more than 90% water. It preferably consists of more than 95%, particularly preferably more than 98%, of water. It can contain organic or inorganic acids. Weak acids are preferred. Weak acids are those that have a p k s value greater than 2. Aliphatic carboxylic acids are particularly preferably used. Acetic acid is very particularly preferably used.
• the coating composition according to the invention contains 0.005 to 2 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.4 parts by weight of component A.
• the coating composition according to the invention contains 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 20 parts by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 8 parts by weight of component B.
• the coating agent according to the invention has a pH of less than 6, preferably less than 5.
• the coating compositions of the invention may optionally contain further components such as surfactants and organic solvents for better wetting of the substrate, and leveling agents or defoamers.
• the coating compositions according to the invention are preferably produced by preparing the sol of the metal or semimetal oxide used in water or diluting a commercially available sol with water to the desired concentration in the coating composition according to the invention, then advantageously a weakly acidic pH, for example by adding
• Acetic acid adjusts and adds the amount of component A of the coating composition of the invention intended for the coating compositions.
• the coating agent and optionally also the sol of the oxide of a metal or of a semimetal which may be used are advantageously filtered so that the respective composition contains only particles with a particle diameter of preferably less than 5 ⁇ m.
• compositions according to the invention can be applied to the moldings to be coated by all known methods, for example by
• the applied coating agent according to the invention is dried and baked at elevated temperature, preferably at 90 to 155 ° C., particularly preferably at 110 to 135 ° C.
• the duration of this drying and baking step depends on the amount of coating agent according to the invention applied and, if necessary, can be determined by simple experiments by the relevant expert.
• the Coating agents in amounts of 3 to 15 g / m 2, particularly preferably in amounts of 6 to 12 g / m 2, on the layered molded body applied.
• the coating of a molded plastic body with a coating agent according to the invention can take place after or even during its manufacture.
• compositions of the invention are suitable for coating
• Shaped bodies of any kind Shaped bodies made of glass are preferably used.
• molded bodies made of thermoplastic materials are preferably used. These are preferably transparent thermoplastic plastics. In particular, these are molded articles made of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester or polycarbonate, preferably made of polycarbonate.
• Thermoplastic materials suitable for coating are described, for example, in Becker / Braun, Plastic Manual, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, Vienna.
• the plastics can contain additives.
• any polycarbonate can be coated.
• Polycarbonates suitable according to the invention are both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates. A mixture of the polycarbonates suitable according to the invention can also be used.
• polycarbonates can be replaced by aromatic polyester carbonates.
• the polycarbonates can also contain polysiloxane blocks. Their preparation is described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 3,821,315, 3,189,662 and 3,832,419.
• Preferred polycarbonates are those based on the bisphenols of the general formula (4) HO-Z-OH (4)
• Z is a divalent organic radical having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and containing one or more aromatic groups.
• Examples of bisphenols according to the general formula (4) are bisphenols which belong to the following groups:
• Particularly preferred polycarbonates are homopolycarbonate based on
• Bisphenol A the homopolycarbonate based on l, l-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and the copolycarbonates based on bisphenol A and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3, 3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.
• the bisphenols according to the general formula (4) described can be prepared by known processes, e.g. from the corresponding phenols and ketones.
• Polycarbonates can be produced by known processes. Suitable processes for the production of polycarbonates are, for example, the production from bisphenols with phosgene by the phase interface process or from bisphenols with phosgene by the process in homogeneous phase, the so-called pyridine process, or from bisphenols with carbonic acid esters by the melt transesterification process. These manufacturing processes are e.g. described in H. Schnell, “Chemistry and Physique of Polycarbonates", Polymer Reviews, Volume 9, pp. 31-76, InterScience Publishers, New York, London, Sidney, 1964. The production processes mentioned are also described in D Friday, U. Grigo, PR Müller, H. Nouvertne, "Polycarbonates” in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Volume 11,
• melt transesterification process is particularly described in H. Schnell, "Chemistry and Physis of Polycarbonates", Polymer Reviews, Volume 9, pp. 44-51, Intercience Publishers, New York, London, Sidney, 1964 and in DE-A 1 031 512, in US-A 3,022,272, in US-A 5,340,905 and in US-A 5,399,659.
• Carbonic acid diesters which can be used to produce polycarbonates by the melt transesterification process are, for example, diarylesters of carbonic acid, the two aryl radicals preferably each having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
• the diesters of carbonic acid based on phenol or alkyl-substituted phenols, for example diphenyl carbonate or dicresyl carbonate, are preferably used.
• the polycarbonates suitable according to the invention preferably have a weight average molar mass (M w ), which can be determined, for example, by ultracentrifugation or scattered light measurement, of 10,000 to 200,000 g / mol. They particularly preferably have a weight average molar mass of 12,000 to 80,000 g / mol.
• M w weight average molar mass
• the average molar mass of the polycarbonates according to the invention can be set, for example, in a known manner by means of an appropriate amount of chain terminators.
• Suitable chain terminators are both monophenols and monocarboxylic acids.
• Suitable monophenols are e.g. Phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-tert-butylphenyol, cumylphenol or 2,4,6-tribromophenol, as well as long-chain alkylphenols, e.g. 4- (l, l, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol or monoalkylphenols or dialkylphenols with a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents such as e.g.
• Suitable monocarboxylic acids are benzoic acid, alkylbenzoic acids and halobenzoic acids.
• Preferred chain terminators are phenol, p-tert-butylphenol, 4- (l, l, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol and cumylphenol.
• the amount of chain terminators is preferably between 0.5 and 10 mol%, based on the sum of the bisphenols used in each case.
• the polycarbonates suitable according to the invention can be branched in a known manner, preferably by incorporating branching agents which are trifunctional or more than trifunctional. Suitable branching agents are, for example, those with three or more than three phenolic groups or those with three or more than three carboxylic acid groups.
• Suitable branching agents are, for example, phloroglucin, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -hepten-2, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) - heptane, 1, 3,5-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2- Bis- [4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexyl] propane, 2,4-
• Cyanuric chloride 3,3-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole, trimesic acid trichloride and ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ "-Tris- (4-hydroxyphenol) -l, 3 , 5-triisopropylbenzene.
• Preferred branching agents are 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole and 1,1,1-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane.
• the amount of branching agents which may be used is preferably 0.05 mol% to 2 mol%, based on moles of bisphenols used.
• the branching agents can be initially charged with the bisphenols and the chain terminators in the aqueous alkaline phase, or added dissolved in an organic solvent together with the carbonic acid derivatives.
• the branching agents are preferably metered in together with the dihydroxyaromatics or bisphenols.
• conventional additives can be mixed with the polycarbonates according to the invention and / or applied to the surface of the molded body.
• Typical additives are, for example: fillers, reinforcing materials, stabilizers (for example UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, gamma radiation stabilizers), antistatic agents, flow aids, mold release agents, fire retardants, dyes and pigments.
• stabilizers for example UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, gamma radiation stabilizers
• antistatic agents for example UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, gamma radiation stabilizers
• flow aids for example UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, gamma radiation stabilizers
• flow aids for example UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, gamma radiation stabilizers
• flow aids for example, in Gamba, Müller, Kunststoff-Additive, 3rd edition, Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff Vienna, 1989.
• polymers can be mixed into the polycarbonates according to the invention, whereby so-called polymer blends are obtained.
• blends can be produced from the polycarbonates and polyolefins according to the invention, in particular ABS polymers.
• the coating compositions according to the invention and the moldings coated therewith can e.g. for the production of glazing, e.g. for greenhouses.
• Dapro ® U99 a solution of 40 g succinic acid sulfone-bis- (2-ethylhexyl) sodium salt in 43 g of 2-butoxyethanol, 4 g of ethanol, 3 g of water and 10 g of polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester (mixture based essentially on polyethylene glycol oleic acid ester, polyethylene glycol palmitic acid ester and polyethylene glycol stearic acid ester)).
• Levasil ® 300F is an anionically stabilized silica sol from Bayer AG with an average particle size of 7 to 8 nm or a specific surface area of
• Levasil® 300F has a solids content of 30% by mass and a pH of approx. 9.8. It contains a small amount of ⁇ 0.2% by weight of formaldehyde against microorganisms.
• the preparation is carried out analogously to coating agent A. Instead of Dapro® U99, however, 0.675 g of bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfonic succinate in 0.825 g of 2-butoxyethanol are added.
• the preparation is carried out analogously to coating agent A. However, instead of the solution mentioned, 0.621 g of bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfonosuccinate, sodium salt, 0.054 g of polyethylene glycol (number average molecular weight: 1,000) are added
• the preparation is carried out analogously to coating agent C.
• polyethylene glycol instead of the polyethylene glycol, 0.062 g of polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester (mixture based essentially on polyethylene glycol oleic acid ester, polyethylene glycol palmitic acid ester and polyethylene glycol stearic acid ester) is added.
• Hollow chamber plates made from a branched aromatic polycarbonate (relative solution viscosity 1.315 measured on a solution of 0.5 g polycarbonate in 100 ml methylene chloride at room temperature), as used for greenhouse construction, were coated on one side with the coating agents A to D using the flooding method and then dried at 130 ° C for 0.5 h.
• the layer thicknesses were approx. 0.3 ⁇ m (thickness measuring device ETA-SD-30, from ETA-Optik; interference method).
• the coatings were without surface defects and showed no interference patterns.
• the wetting with water was even.
• the contact angle of the water was less than 1 °.
• the steam test was carried out as a further test.
• the hollow chamber slabs are exposed to a closed water vapor atmosphere at 100 ° C. It is observed when the water-spreading effect disappears and the first
• the coated polycarbonate hollow tiles were attached at an angle of 60 ° with the coated side down to the ceiling of a model greenhouse, so that the water-spreading effect could be compared by observing the formation of droplets.
• water was evaporated using a heating source, so that a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 100% was established.
• the plates were left under these conditions for 6 hours and then heated in a dry heating cabinet at 40 ° C. for 4 hours. Then the procedure was repeated alternately in the model greenhouse and in the heating cabinet until the water-spreading effect disappeared (evident from the drop formation on the plate).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
• Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)

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• 1998
  • 1998-06-30 DE DE19829163A patent/DE19829163A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1999
  • 1999-06-15 TW TW88109954A patent/TW442545B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-17 PL PL34501799A patent/PL345017A1/xx unknown
  • 1999-06-17 KR KR1020007015034A patent/KR100585369B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-17 AU AU47731/99A patent/AU748110B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-06-17 EP EP99931081A patent/EP1095108A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-06-17 CN CNB998080403A patent/CN1178995C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 1999-06-17 BR BR9912500A patent/BR9912500A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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  • 1999-06-17 US US09/720,213 patent/US6455162B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-06-17 TR TR200003794T patent/TR200003794T2/xx unknown
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  • 1999-06-17 IL IL13987499A patent/IL139874A0/xx active IP Right Grant
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• 2000
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• 2002
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