Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
  • A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
  • A61C13/265—Sliding or snap attachments
  • A61C13/2656—Snap attachments

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a system for mounting a dental prosthesis on at least one implant. It is well known to place dental prostheses by means of implants inserted into the jaw bone. The disadvantage of using an implant for each tooth is that it is expensive and cannot be used in some cases. It is then necessary to resort to the installation of a prosthesis comprising several teeth, this prosthesis being intended to be mounted on a limited number of implants fixed to the jaw.
• Such a prosthesis can be of the "fixed” type, that is to say without the possibility of movement relative to the jaw, or of the "flexible” type, that is to say with slight possibilities of movement of the prosthesis relative to the jaw, the latter type of prosthesis being able to be preferred to make it possible to reduce or dissipate the forces exerted on the prosthesis by the movements of the jaw.
• a known mounting system of this type includes implants connected to each other by metal bars and jumpers secured to the prosthesis, these jumpers being intended to be engaged on these bars with friction but with a possibility of movement in the vertical direction.
• the bars must be implanted at a relatively high height, necessary for their installation and for proper hygiene of the space between them and the gum, which has the disadvantage of limiting the movement of the prosthesis made possible by the riders .
• the latter have the drawback of allowing a possibility of movement of the prosthesis only in the vertical direction, while the forces which must be damped are exerted essentially laterally.
• adjusting the amplitude of movement of the prosthesis is difficult to achieve.
• Another known system includes mounting assemblies connected to each implant.
• Each of these assemblies consists of a more or less spherical head fixed to each implant and of a socket embedded in the material constituting the prosthesis, this socket having flexible lateral walls which allow it to be snapped onto the head at the like a "snap".
• this system allows only very slight movements of the prosthesis.
• O-ring Yet another system, called “O-ring”, includes mounting assemblies each of which is formed of a more or less spherical head, fixed to each implant or to a metal bar connecting the implants, and of an annular annealed part. in the material constituting the prosthesis, in which is placed a ring of resilient material.
• the different rings of resilient material certainly allow satisfactory multidirectional travel of the prosthesis but have the disadvantages of having a resistance limited in time and of being particularly difficult to interchange when they are worn.
• the installation of said spherical heads on the bars connecting the implants leads to a harmful increase in the height of the system.
• the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing a mounting system which allows both possibilities of movement of the prosthesis in all directions, obtaining a limited height and size, low wear of the female parts, a possibility of easy adjustment of the movement of the prosthesis relative to the jaw, and a possibility of placing either each mounting assembly on an implant or several of these assemblies attached to bars connecting the implants.
• the system which the invention relates comprises, in a manner known per se:
• At least one assembly for mounting the prosthesis on this implant formed of a male part and a female part, the male part having means for mounting it on the implant and means for its assembly to the female part and the female part having means for its attachment to the prosthesis and means for its assembly to the male part, this assembly being such that mobility of the prosthesis relative to the jaw is permitted in several directions.
• the implant has a longitudinal threaded hole, opening in its upper face;
• said male part of cylindrical shape, has a peripheral groove giving it the shape of a "coil” and comprises at its axis means allowing it to be mounted on the implant by screwing or screwing, and
• said female part has two curved branches, which have a height less than that of said groove and which are shaped to be able to retain the male part between them, with lateral play relative to the latter, when they are engaged in this groove , these branches being able to be elastically deformed in the direction of their spacing, so that they can be engaged in said groove following this deformation then, after elastic return, be retained in this groove.
• the two curved branches of the female part thus make it possible to ensure the assembly of this female part to the male part, with a possibility of clearance in height of this female part relative to the male part, resulting from the fact that the height of these branches is less than the height of said groove; these branches also allow the possibility of lateral movement and pivoting of the female part relative to the male part, resulting from the above-mentioned clearance.
• the coil shape of the male part makes it possible to define a central zone of this male part having sufficient dimensions to allow the arrangement of said means intended for mounting the male part on the implant.
• the invention thus provides a system allowing the prosthesis to be truly "implanto-muco-supported", that is to say assembled to the jaw but movable in the six directions of space in relation to it.
• the mucosal receptors can be used to the maximum.
• the height of the supra-implant structure is low, namely less than or equal to 2 mm above the gum, which allows easier hygiene than with existing systems.
• the installation of the system, both in the laboratory and on the practitioner's chair, is easy.
• the system can advantageously comprise, for at least one mounting assembly, several male parts whose bases have different heights.
• the male part having the most adequate height base can thus be put in place according to the particular height of the patient's gingival mucosa and the ideal position that the throat of this male part must have.
• each male part and the upper part of each implant have positioning means of low height to allow this male part to be positioned on the implant, during the positioning of the mounting assembly on the prosthesis.
• These means can in particular be constituted by a stud of low height, arranged at the level of the lower face of the male part, and by a cavity of shape corresponding to the stud, arranged in the upper face of the implant, in which the stud can to be engaged.
• the stud can be arranged at the upper face of the implant while the cavity is arranged in the lower face of the male part.
• Each male or female part advantageously comprises at least one shaped means for holding the curved branches of the corresponding female part in an adequate position in said groove during the positioning of this female part on the prosthesis.
• each male part is provided with a detachable sleeve, placed in said groove, suitable for keeping the curved branches of the female part in an adequate position, and with a pellet wedged at the end.
• upper part of the male part forming a spacer between the prosthesis and this upper end, suitable for allowing the preservation of the clearance necessary for the vertical mobility of the prosthesis.
• This sleeve is then torn off and this pellet is removed to allow later mobility of the prosthesis by movement of the branches inside the groove.
• a similar sleeve or a spacer can also be adapted to the female part.
• Each male part may be integral with a threaded rod intended to be screwed into the tapped hole of the corresponding implant, in which case this male part comprises a support grip surface for an instrument allowing its screwing.
• each male part may have an axial hole in which a screw intended to be screwed into the threaded hole of the implant can be engaged.
• the system according to this second possibility makes it possible to use a bar laterally connecting at least two male parts to one another, if such bars are necessary to ensure the stability of the prosthesis.
• This possibility of connecting these male parts to these bars laterally makes it possible to keep a reduced height to the system, making possible large deflections of the prosthesis.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of various elements that includes this system, as well as the prosthesis and the jaw intended to receive this prosthesis;
• Figure 2 is a view of a mounting assembly that includes this system, in section along the line II-II of Figure 1 and on an enlarged scale, after placement of the prosthesis on the jaw;
• Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of various elements that comprise the system;
• Figure 4 is an axial sectional view, similar to Figure 2, of a variant of an element of the system, during the establishment of this system on the prosthesis;
• FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a system comprising a bar for stabilizing the prosthesis, and
• FIG. 6 is a partial view of this system, in section similar to FIG. 2.
• FIG. 1 represents a dental prosthesis 1 intended to be mounted on the lower jaw 2 of a patient by means of the mounting system according to the invention.
• this system comprises, in the example shown:
• Each implant 5 is fixed to the jaw 2 and has a longitudinal threaded hole 10, opening in its upper face.
• Each of the assemblies 7 comprises at least two male parts 15 whose bases 15a have different heights and a female part 16.
• the part 15 whose base 15a turns out to have the height best suited to the specific height of the gingival mucosa 1 1 of the patient is intended to be assembled to the part 16 to allow the mounting of the prosthesis 1 with mobility of the latter relative to the jaw 2 in several directions.
• the male part 15 has a cylindrical shape and comprises a peripheral groove 20 giving it the shape of a "coil”.
• An axial hole 21 crosses it right through and a circular recess 22 is arranged in its upper face, coaxially with the hole 21.
• the male part 15 is intended to be mounted on the implant 5.
• the holes 10 and 21 are intended to come opposite one another and to receive a screw 25 of which the threaded body is screwed into the hole 10 and the head of which is housed in the recess 22.
• the female part 16 has a body 30 pierced with holes 31 and two curved branches 32. These branches 32 define a circular recess with a diameter greater than that of the part 15 at the level of the groove 20 and have a height much less than that of this throat 20.
• the body 30 is intended to be fixed to the prosthesis 1 by means of a resin, and the branches 32 are intended to be engaged in the groove 20, as shown in FIG. 2.
• the female part 16 is produced in a metallic material having elastic flexibility and the branches 32 are capable of being elastically deformed in the direction of their spacing, in order to be able to be engaged in the groove 20 following this deformation then, after elastic return, to be retained in this groove 20.
• a lateral movement, in height and in pivoting of the female part 16 relative to the male part 15, is thus made possible, with extremely limited wear of these branches 32, while retaining a reduced height to the mounting assemblies 7, less than or equal to 2 mm above gingiva, which makes possible large deflections of the prosthesis 1, in particular vertical.
• Each set 7 further comprises sleeves 40 of deformable synthetic material, each male part 15 of which is provided during its manufacture, as well as a pad 41 comprising a hexagonal pin 42 suitable for being engaged with gentle friction in a hexagonal cavity present in the upper zone of the part 15.
• this cavity is that which the screw 25 includes for its rotation maneuver.
• Each of these sleeves 40 has an internal diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of each part 15 at the level of the groove 20, and has a height equal to that of this groove 20, so that it is immobile in the latter.
• the sleeve 40 is also split over its entire height and has an upper circular recess 42 whose height corresponds to the height of the branches 32.
• These sleeves 40 make it possible to position the female parts 16 in the upper region of the groove 20 during the positioning of the parts 16 on the prosthesis 1, as shown in FIG. 4, while the pellets 41 form spacers between the prosthesis 1 and the upper end of the male part 15, suitable for allowing the adequate positioning of these female parts 16 with a view to preserving the play necessary for the vertical mobility of the prosthesis 1.
• the sleeves 40 are torn off and the pellets 41 are removed, to allow the vertical mobility of the prosthesis 1 by deflection of the branches 32 inside the groove 20.
• each male part 15 is integral with a threaded rod 45 intended to be screwed into the hole 10.
• the part 15 for this purpose comprises a portion 46 of hexagonal shape forming a grip surface. support for a screwing instrument, and the upper zone of the part 15 includes a hexagonal cavity for receiving the stud 42.
• each male part 15 is laterally secured to the bar 50.
• each male part 15 has a circular stud 55 of low height, projecting from its lower face coaxially with the hole 21, and the upper part of each implant 5 has a corresponding recess in which this stud can be engaged. 55.
• These studs 55 and recess constitute means for positioning each male part 15 on each implant 5 while the parts 16 are attached to the prosthesis 1.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=9528377

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 1998
  • 1998-07-03 FR FR9808704A patent/FR2780634B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-07-02 WO PCT/FR1999/001601 patent/WO2000001318A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-07-02 EP EP99929386A patent/EP1094762A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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