Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
  • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
  • A61C8/0033—Expandable implants; Implants with extendable elements
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
  • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
  • A61C8/0065—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with expandable or compressible means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
  • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
  • A61C8/0054—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers having a cylindrical implant connecting part
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
  • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
  • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
  • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
  • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multiblock dental implant, intended for placing and maintaining a dental prosthesis on a bone site. It extends to the parts of this implant as well as to the prosthetic assemblies produced from it.
• Dental implantology is moving more and more towards multi-block implants which consist of two separate parts, placed successively: on the one hand, an implant root formed by a tubular part which is anchored in the bone site, d 'on the other hand, a suprastructure composed of a tail fixing on the implant root and a false stump supporting the prosthesis.
• the abutment and the fixation tail have collinear axes, while in the so-called pre-angled implants, the axes of these elements form an angle of up to 20 °.
• the implant root is first anchored in the bone site by screwing or any other means (patents DE 1,961,531, EP 0.114.955, US 3-708.883 )., then the suprastructure is subject to said implant root by means of its fixing tail so that the abutment comes to be in the appropriate position.
• this fixation of the tail in the implant root is essentially carried out by two techniques.
• the tail of the suprastructure being constituted by a smooth rod, this is definitively sealed in the tubular implant root by means of a cement; however, in case of clinical problems, it is no longer possible to remove the suprastructure.
• the tail of the suprastructure is screwed into the implant root by means of a thread and a tapping which are provided on these elements (cf. US Pat. No. 3,589,011).
• the suprastructure is then removable, but its positioning is imprecise, both in the longitudinal direction (along the axis of the implant) because it is difficult, during screwing, to determining the tightening stop limit, as regards the orientation of said suprastructure around its axis because this orientation conditioned by the end of screwing position is very random; this angular imprecision constitutes a serious defect in the case of pre-angled implants which are very delicate to position appropriately with this type of fixation.
• the present invention proposes to provide an improved multiblock implant, free from the above-mentioned defects. It aims to allow precise fixation of the suprastructure on the implant root (deep along the longitudinal axis and angularly around this axis), while preserving the ability to easily remove this suprastructure when necessary.
• the multiblock dental implant targeted by the invention is of the type comprising, on the one hand, a suprastructure provided with a false stump supporting the prosthesis and a tail for fixing it, on the other hand, a tubular implant root adapted to be anchored in the bony site and to receive the tail of the suprastructure; according to the present invention, said implant is characterized in that:
• the suprastructure is provided with a hollow core extending over its entire length, said hollow core opening at the free end of the abutment and being provided with a converging ramp at the free end of the tail,
• the tail of said suprastructure is provided with slots extending over a part of its length from its free end, in order to delimit several sectors capable of undergoing radial expansion,
• a screw is screwed into a tapped portion of the hollow core near the free end of the false stump, said screw pressing against the first ball in order to allow the row of balls to be moved and blocked.
• the tubular implant root which is in itself of known type, is anchored in the bone site in a traditional manner, for example by screwing or by any other known means.
• the suprastructure is fixed to this implant root by introducing its fixing tail inside it and positioning it appropriately, angularly and along the longitudinal axis. It then suffices to actuate the upper screw to generate the expansion of the tail and its blocking inside the implant root; this maneuver does not modify the axial and angular position of the suprastructure so that it is precisely fixed in the chosen position.
• To remove the infrastructure simply activate the screw in the opposite direction: the fixing tail is then radially released and can be extracted.
• the implant according to the invention can be of the straight type; the tail and the abutment of the suprastructure then have collinear axes. It can be pre-angled; the axes of the tail and the abutment in this case form a predetermined angle, for example 6 °, 12 ° or 20 °.
• the invention extends to a suprastructure of the above-defined type for dental implant, characterized in that it has a hollow fixing tail provided with longitudinal slots in order to delimit several sectors capable of undergoing radial expansion, and in that that said suprastructure is pierced longitudinally with a hollow core provided at the end of the tail with a converging ramp and at the end of the abutment with a tapped portion, a line of balls being inserted in said hollow core between the converging ramp and a screw screwed into the tapped portion.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are axial sections on an enlarged scale representing a preangulated implant according to the invention, respectively its suprastructure and its implant root;
• FIG. 3 is a cross section of the suprastructure by a plane AA
• FIG. 4 is a schematic section showing the implant and its prosthesis in place on the site
• FIG. 5 is a schematic section of another embodiment (straight implant) ready to receive a clipped prosthesis.
• the multiblock dental implant shown by way of example in FIGS. 1-4 is a preangulated implant with an angle equal to 12 °. It is composed of an implant root 1 (FIG. 2), for example made of titanium, which has a tubular shape with a cylindrical hollow core 1a closed by a hemispherical bottom 1b. On its external cylindrical face, this part has a thread 2 for its conventional anchoring in the maxillary site.
• an implant root 1 for example made of titanium, which has a tubular shape with a cylindrical hollow core 1a closed by a hemispherical bottom 1b. On its external cylindrical face, this part has a thread 2 for its conventional anchoring in the maxillary site.
• the other part of the implant is also made of titanium and comprises a false stump 4, a tail 5 and a gingival junction 6 between these elements.
• the longitudinal axis X of the abutment forms an angle of 12 ° with the longitudinal axis Y of the tail.
• the suprastructure 3 is pierced right through along its longitudinal axes X, Y with a hollow core 7 of circular section.
• this hollow core 7 comprises a frustoconical ramp 8 whose angle at the top is in particular between 45 ° and 75 °, in the example of the order of 60 °.
• the hollow core 7 is tapped over a portion of its length 9 at the free end of its false stump.
• the tail 5 of the suprastructure has an external diameter slightly less than the bore of the root implant 2 to be able to lodge with gentle friction therein; it is separated over a part of its length into several segments such as 5a by longitudinal slots 13 (in the example four in number) which start from the free end of the tail.
• longitudinal slots 13 in the example four in number
• the hollow core 7 of the suprastructure is in the example provided with several balls such as 11a, 11b, arranged in file one in contact with the other between the conical ramp 8 and a screw 10 screwed into the tapped part 9. These balls have a diameter slightly smaller than that of the hollow core 7 in order to be able to move longitudinally therein.
• the last ball 11a comes into contact with the conical ramp 8, while the other balls such as 11b transmit the longitudinal movement of the screw 10 to it, the first ball of the line being in contact with this screw .
• the screw 10 has an imprint 10a which allows it to be maneuvered by means of an awl key.
• the practitioner can generate a longitudinal displacement of the row of balls, determining an engagement of the expansion ball 11a on the conical ramp 8 and, consequently, a spacing pressure on the segments 5a; it can release these segments by performing the reverse maneuver.
• Figure 4 shows the implant installed on site with his prosthesis 12.
• the practitioner anchors the implant root 1 in the bony site of the maxilla in the traditional way. He then introduces the tail 5 of the suprastructure into the implant root; it positions said tail axially and angularly to give the false stump 4 the ideal position and orientation, then maneuvers the screw 10 in order to arrange the tail 5 in its expanded state and to block it in the implant root.
• the suprastructure can be removed if necessary by a reverse operation of the screw which releases the tail segments.
• the prosthesis 12 is fixed to the abutment 4 by any known means.
• this prosthesis is ceramic and has an internal yoke metal 12a which is glued to the abutment.
• the false stump of the implant according to the invention can be adapted to allow any other type of fixation of the prosthesis, for example fixing by screwing (by means of combined threading and tapping provided on the false stump and the prosthesis, or by clipping as shown in Figure 5).
• This FIG. 5 is aimed at the case of a straight implant (common axis Z of the tail and of the abutment), the abutment of which is provided with a clipping head.
• the prosthesis put in place can if necessary be provided with a channel of dimensions greater than the imprint 10a of the screw to allow access to it and to maneuver it after putting in place said prosthesis.
• the prosthesis thus placed is of the fixed type, but can however be easily removed by the practitioner at any time.
• the access channel to the screw 10 can be blocked by any means which will be extracted by the practitioner at the desired time.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9396545

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (48)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 1990
  • 1990-04-20 FR FR9005938A patent/FR2663836B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1991
  • 1991-10-09 US US08/211,444 patent/US5417569A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-10-09 EP EP91918359A patent/EP0608216A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1991-10-09 WO PCT/FR1991/000788 patent/WO1993006787A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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