EP1094179B1 - Method and device for a powerless unlocking of a locking device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates generally to methods and devices for unlocking and locking locking devices. In particular The invention relates to methods and devices for powerless unlocking using externally supplied Energy and automatic locking of locking devices, especially of mechatronic locking devices.

Conventional mechatronic locking devices have Locks, each with control electronics, mechanical, Locking and controlled by the control electronics Unlocking unit and an interface for one Keys included.

Include "keys" for mechatronic locking devices any portable disk that comes with the locking device interacts as intended to the closed state or even to change the data status of the locking device. For example, such a key can be a chip card, a smart card, a magnetic card, a punch card, but also a key of conventional design with Reide and Shaft or a magnetically coded key.

To operate the locking device, a corresponding Key associated with the interface and data is between the key and the control electronics transfer. Based on this data, the control electronics the access or access authorization assigned to the key check and, if it is valid, the Activate mechanical locking and unlocking unit so that the lock of the locking device is opened. To lock the locking device again, i. H. their When the lock is closed, the control electronics control the mechanical one Locking and unlocking unit in a corresponding Way. While unlocking the locking device through the intended interaction of the key initialized with the locking device depends on Time of locking the locking device from the respective Application and the respective configurations of the Locking device. For example, the locking device be locked again when the connection between the key and the interface again is exceeded or after a predetermined period of time after the connection between the key and the Interface was established.

Both for unlocking and for locking the Prior art locking device is under control the control electronics of the locking and unlocking unit Energy supplied, for example by means of a Electric motor, a hydraulic or a pneumatic Systems to operate the lock so that the closed state the locking device changed in the desired manner, d. H. opened and closed.

Such mechatronic locking devices and the corresponding Procedure for locking and unlocking the locking devices can only be used in cases in which the energy supply for the locking device and especially for the control electronics and for the locking and unlocking unit can be guaranteed. Can not or only with the required energy supply great effort is made available are such Mechatronic locking devices unsuitable and their advantages (Data exchange, identification, billing, ...) cannot be used. Power supply problems for a mechatronic locking device for example with garbage cans and containers, toilet facilities, Huts, shelters, toilet facilities and showers occur because there is usually no energy supply at all is present or intended or only with additional Effort (e.g. maintenance or replacement of energy supply Elements such as batteries, rechargeable batteries and photovoltaic Assemblies) adequately guaranteed and available can be put.

In the field of waste disposal in particular, it would be desirable Locking devices with the advantages of mechatronic To be able to use locking devices in order to and access authorization for corresponding garbage cans and containers, and a user fee, for example depending on the amount of garbage, the users to impose the garbage cans and containers.

From DE 690 02 115 T2 is a lock with a bolt, a Thrower, a detection device for the lock presented code and an electromechanical trigger mechanism known. If the lock is to be opened and a correct code has been detected, the trigger mechanism the launcher so that a user of the lock can Rotate the thrower and thereby the bolt to open the lock can withdraw. The trigger mechanism includes a locking / unlocking mechanism which in the case of detection of a correct codes using energy to release the launcher is unlocked, taking the energy from the lock itself is provided. Furthermore, the energy of the Lock to unlock the trigger mechanism while the energy leading to the change in state of the trigger mechanism is needed to release the launcher by one turn of the launcher is fed by the user.

DE 44 05 547 A1 describes a locking device and unlocking a container known by means of a electromagnetic key can be unlocked to Transmission of electrical energy from an alternator has a first transformer. It also includes the Container associated locking device a second Transformer connected to it. Under use of the two transformers are going to get data from the key transmitted to the locking device and evaluated by this. This evaluation reveals that the container can be opened the device transmits corresponding data back to the key. In response to this data, energy is about the first and the second transformer to the device transferred to the container using this energy unlocked or opens. The one transmitted by the key Energy is primarily used to keep the container to open. Furthermore, this energy is used for an evaluation unit the device to operate, the data of the Evaluates the key and corresponding data for the key returns. Since it is provided there, the container only through energy supplied by the key open and not, for example, by manual operation a suitable operating lever, is the one described there Locking device not actually locked. Rather, the data exchange between the key and the device to supply energy to open the container to initiate from the key. Therefore it is possible this container even without transferring more appropriate, correct Open data when using a key that is independent from a data exchange to opening the container transfers necessary energy.

DE 94 12 174 U1 describes a locking system that only using a suitable electronic key can be opened. A reader of the Systems an entered key and an electronic one The controller starts to open the locking system. Except the one required to transfer the electronic key Energy is not supplied to the locking system by external energy. This is what is required to open the locking system Energy provided by the system itself. The for The drive used to open the locking system can be an electromotive a pneumatic or a hydraulic drive his.

A lock system is disclosed in DE 196 18 526 A1, at which transmit data between a lock and a key and processed. The key is the required for data transmission and data processing Energy ready.

DE 37 42 152 A1 describes an electric motor Door lock described, which is also manual in emergency situations can be operated manually without the electric motor gear to switch and damage it. In order to make the transferable when this lock is operated manually Limit torque to the electromotive transmission an overload clutch is used, which as Slip clutch or can be designed as a locking clutch.

Therefore, it is the object of the invention, electronic and in particular mechatronic locking devices and processes to improve the operation of the same so that while maintaining one of the above advantages is a little expensive Energy supply is enabled.

For this, the invention provides a device for powerless Unlocking a locking device ready to interface for a key for feeding data of the key, a control device for data exchange with the Key connected to the interface, an actuator for opening and closing the locking device, a locking device for the locked State of the locking device a locking state takes and for the unlocked state of the locking device assumes an unlocked state to the actuator unlock to open the locking device, and has an unlocking device for the closed state of the locking device a neutral State and assumes a release state if the locking device is to be opened and a check identity and / or access authorization based on Key data has been successfully completed, and in the release state cooperates with the locking device in such a way that the locking device based on the locked state assumes the unlocked state.

According to the invention, the interface for the key is like this executed that energy from the key of the locking device can be supplied. The locking device also acts and the actuator so together that the locking device in the locked state Actuator locked and in the unlocked state the actuating device for opening the closing device unlocked. To change the state of the unlocking device in the release state is caused by the key via the energy interface of the unlocking device fed that using this energy takes the release state.

In this way it is possible to use the closing device is locked / closed by the locking device, powerless, d. H. without one from a user of the key force to be used and without the locking device to unlock self-provided energy and into a state to bring in by the user of the key can be opened. This is achieved by the locking device, those for the locked / locked State of the locking device in its locked state is held by the unlocking device in their Unlocked state is brought when the locking device to be opened, d. H. the key with the Interface is connected. For this, the energy becomes Unlocking the locking device, d. H. the change of state the locking device from its locked state in their unlocked state, provided by the key and via the interface of the unlocking device is fed.

To open the locking device by unauthorized persons Prevent people and / or without using a key, the device according to the invention further comprises a Reset device when opening or closing the Locking device by means of the actuator the unlocking device cooperates that the unlocking device based on the release state the neutral Condition. If the locking device now Assumes the state in which it is to be locked, i.e. after closing by means of the actuator the locking device the locking state and locks the locking device in the same, more precisely that Actuating device.

It is preferred that the reset device so is coupled to the actuator that when opening or closing the closing device the actuating device acts on the reset device so that it Unlocking device brings in its neutral state. In this way, not only are complex mechanical constructions (e.g. spring mechanisms) avoided, but also additional energy required to move the reset device, because the necessary energy / power by the user the key when actuating the actuating device is applied.

A particularly simple construction of the device according to the invention can be achieved if the locking device in the locked state with the actuating device in Intervention stands and this locked so that the user of the key to open the locking device can be operated / moved. This simple mechanical structure is without high financial and manufacturing technology Manufacturing effort, easy maintenance and guaranteed high operational reliability of the invention Device or the corresponding locking device.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Change the state of the locking unit from the locking state reached in the unlocked state by that the unlocking device is magnetically effective Components includes that in the release state of the unlocking device the change in state of the locking device effected by means of magnetic interactions. Here it is required that the locking device also corresponding has magnetically active components. The magnetic effective components of the unlocking device and the locking device are preferably permanent magnets, can also be electromagnetic components, which are operated with energy from the key.

To the interaction of the unlocking device according to the invention and to enable the locking device it is necessary that the unlocking device movable Includes components that are in a neutral state neutral position and for the release state in one Release position. Preferably the movement of the movable components of the unlocking device from the neutral position to the release position using a unidirectional operated electric motor, the Electric motor operated by energy from the key. Furthermore, it is preferable that the electric motor with a slip clutch is connected to the moving components the unlocking device from its neutral state moved in their release state. This makes an expensive one Control of the electric motor is unnecessary because the duration, for which the electric motor is operated / rotated, not must be precisely matched to the duration for the change of state the moving components of the unlocking device from the neutral position to the release position is required. Rather, there is an operating period here of the electric motor selected, which is greater than the duration of the change of state of the moving components is because the Slipping clutch damage the unlocking device prevented when their moving components are already in the release position and the electric motor is still rotates. In addition, the extended operating time ensures of the electric motor in connection with the use of the Slip clutch that change the state of the unlocking device or the change in position of the moving components is completed to the locking device to release / unlock.

It is also possible to use an unlocking device which for example using electromagnetic effective components and / or devices - e.g. one Electromagnet or an electromagnetic coil - one electromagnetic force on the locking device and / or on magnetically active components thereof generated to change the locking device from the To effect the locked state in the unlocked state.

Furthermore, the unlocking device can be pneumatic and / or hydraulically operated components and / or devices have to generate a force on the locking device serve to the same in the unlocked state bring to.

Furthermore, the control device and / or the key suitable to cover costs associated with the operation the locking device arise, to detect and / or save.

In addition, the object of the invention is achieved by a method released for powerless unlocking of a locking device, that connecting a key to an interface and checking identity and / or access authorization of the key by a control device, the locking device remains locked when the verification failed. Will the review of the Key successfully completed by the control device, is energy in the inventive manner the key is provided, an unlocking device fed to the state of the unlocking device from a neutral state to a release state change, causing an interaction of the unlocking device is caused with a locking device that the State of the locking device from a locked state to lock the locking device in an unlocked state changes by opening the locking device can be.

The method according to the invention preferably comprises a reset the unlocking device when opening or closing the locking device by means of a reset device, so that the unlocking device the neutral state occupies, and the locking device for locking the actuating device assume the locked state as soon as the locking device assumes a state in which it should be locked. In this way unauthorized opening of the locking device is prevented, since the locking device after use, i.e. H. to closing, automatically locked / closed again becomes.

It is preferred that the reset of the unlocking device by means of an actuator is carried out to open and close the closing device is operated.

Changing the state of the locking device according to the invention from the locked state to the unlocked state can be carried out in a particularly simple manner if magnetic interactions (magnetic Forces) are used between the locking device and the unlocking device act.

Furthermore, the state of the unlocking device from the neutral state can be changed to the release state in which the energy of the key can be operated unidirectionally Electric motor is supplied. This is preferred the change in state of the unlocking device by means of a causes slip clutch connected to the electric motor.

Furthermore, the energy of the key can be electromagnetic effective components, such as a coil, or Electromagnets are supplied to the unlocking device, order using the electromagnetic components a corresponding adhesive effect on the locking device to generate the change in the locking device from the locked state to the development state causes.

The energy of the key can also be pneumatic and / or hydraulic operated components and / or facilities of Unlocking device are supplied using unlocking the locking device of the energy from the key cause.

Furthermore, the method according to the invention comprises detection and / or saving costs associated with a Use of the locking device arise, the detection and / or storing using the control device and / or the key.

Figur 1

eine Prinzipskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum kraftlosen Entriegeln,

Figur 2

eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung im verriegelten und verschlossenen Zustand,

Figur 3

die Ausführungsform der Erfindung von Figur 2 im entriegelten und geschlossenen Zustand,

Figur 4

die Ausführungsform von Figuren 2 und 3 im entriegelten und geöffneten Zustand,

Figur 5

eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Entriegelungseinrichtung,

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Entriegelungseinrichtung,

Figur 7

eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung im verriegelten und geschlossenen Zustand.

Figur 8

die Ausführungsform der Erfindung von Figur 7 im entriegelten und geschlossenen Zustand.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below, reference being made to the accompanying figures, in which:

Figure 1

2 shows a schematic diagram of the device according to the invention for powerless unlocking,

Figure 2

a preferred embodiment of the invention in the locked and closed state,

Figure 3

the embodiment of the invention of Figure 2 in the unlocked and closed state,

Figure 4

the embodiment of Figures 2 and 3 in the unlocked and opened state,

Figure 5

one embodiment of the unlocking device according to the invention,

Figure 6

another embodiment of the unlocking device according to the invention,

Figure 7

a further embodiment of the invention in the locked and closed state.

Figure 8

the embodiment of the invention of Figure 7 in the unlocked and closed state.

Figure 1 shows schematically the structure of the device 1 for powerless unlocking of a locking device. The device 1 has an interface 10 for a key 12 on. The key 12 contains data that are necessary for actuation (opening) the locking device are required. Such data include the user's identity, access rights, Credit for the use of the locking device, etc. Which Data required to use the locking device are, d. H. must be included in the key depends on the different applications of the locking device and the device 1 for powerless unlocking.

Furthermore, the key 12 contains energy, which is preferably using electrical accumulators or Batteries is provided. The interface 10 enables it when the key 12 communicates with it brought both data from and to the key 12 too transmitted as well as the energy contained in the key 12 to transfer to the device 1 for powerless unlocking.

The control of data and energy transmission from the Key 12 via the interface 10 is by means of a Control device 14 performed. The to operate the control device 14 required energy can be achieved with a the energy source connected to the control device 14 (not shown), for example a battery or one preferably accumulator supplied by solar or wind energy, and / or provided by the key 12.

Transmitted between the key 12 and the control device 14 Data are primarily used to check a Access authorization and / or key identity 12. In Dependence of the different possible applications of the Invention may require that between the key 12 and the control device 14 transmitted data for a electronic billing of the costs used when using the closed with the locking device Object are imposed on the user. Such billing includes, for example, acquisition and storage the booking of costs and revenue-oriented, d. H. in Depends on the number of uses of the locked Property, clearing procedure. Here, the electronic Billing from the control device 14 and / or from the key 12 can be carried out if the same a corresponding Has control or data processing device (Not shown). Furthermore, the settled accounts can in a corresponding memory (not shown) Control device 14 and / or a corresponding memory (not shown) of the key 12 to be stored for further processing (e.g. invoicing) to be able to.

The control device 14 checks the key 12 contained data via the interface 10. Provides the control device 14 based on the review of the data of the Key 12 determines that no valid access authorization to open the locking device, the locking device can not opened by a user of the key 12 become. Preferably, this is visual to the user and / or communicated acoustically.

The control device 14 determines that a valid access authorization to open the locking device, the control device 14 controls the interface 10 and the key 12 so that the one contained in the key 12 Energy via the interface 10 of an unlocking device 16 is supplied. This supply of energy from the key 12 via the interface 10 to the unlocking device 16 is by the arrow labeled E between the interface 10 and the unlocking device 16 indicated.

Using the energy supplied, the state of the Unlocking device 16 changed so that it is a locking device 18 unlocked.

The locking device 18 acts with an actuating device 20 so together that the locking device 18 locks the actuator 20 and thus one Prevention of actuation by the user of the key 12 as long as the unlocking device 16 has no energy from the Has received key 12 and not with the locking device 18 cooperates. Once the unlocking device 16 unlocks the locking device 18, the Actuator 20 by the user of the key 12 are operated to open the locking device. This Operation by the user is by the designated BB Arrow indicated.

The actuator 20 can be any known device to open / close a locking device, e.g. Legs Door handle, lever mechanisms for (garbage) containers or a Cylinder lock.

In the case of a cylinder lock, it is preferable that the cylinder lock both as an actuator 20 and is also used as the interface 10, the key 12 not just data and energy for powerless unlocking the device 1 provides, but also for actuation the actuator 20 is used.

The actuating device 20 acts with a reset device 22 so together that when opening the locking device by means of the actuating device 20 - or alternatively when closing the locking device - the reset device 22 in a manner on the unlocking device 16 acts that this is brought into a neutral state, by not interacting with the locking device 18, so that the locking device 18 the actuator 20 can lock again as soon as the Closing device is closed again and locked shall be.

For a better understanding of the following description of the Invention are for the device 1 for powerless unlocking and the locking device defines the following states:

Closed and locked condition:

The locking device is closed and the locking device 18 locks the actuator 20 and does not interact with the unlocking device 16.

Closed and unlocked state:

The locking device is closed and the unlocking device 16 has unlocked the locking device 18, whereby the locking device 18 the actuator 20 unlocked. In this state the User by means of the actuator 20, the locking device to open.

Locking state of the locking device 18:

The locking device 18 locks the actuating device 20, causing an opening of the locking device not possible.

Unlocked state of the locking device 18:

The locking device 18 unlocks the actuating device 20, causing an opening of the locking device is possible.

Neutral state of the unlocking device 16:

In this state, the unlocking device 16 does not work together with the locking device 18 so that this in remains in their locked state or starting from their Unlock state change to its locked state can be closed again when the locking device should.

Release status of the unlocking device 16:

The unlocking device 16 takes the release state starting from the neutral state when they have energy from receives the key 12, and causes a change of state the locking device 18 from its locked state in their unlocked state.

Referring now to Figures 2-4, a preferred one will now be given Embodiment of the invention described, the particular use with locking devices for garbage containers should find. For the sake of clarity, these are the Interface 10, the key 12 and the control device 14 not shown.

The unlocking device 16 is rotatable on a shaft 162 mounted and includes an unlocking element 164 and a Return element 166. A permanent magnet 168 is on the unlocking element 164 attached or connected as a unit.

The locking device 18, here as a pawl is formed, is rotatably mounted on a shaft 182 and comprises a locking element 184 and a compression spring 186, the locking device 18 in that shown in Figure 2 Holds position. Furthermore, the locking device comprises 18 a permanent magnet 188 which is related to the unlocking device 16 is arranged so that magnetic Interactions between the permanent magnet 168 of the Unlocking device 16 and the permanent magnet 188 of Locking device 18 occur as soon as the unlocking device 16 from their neutral state (Figure 2) in their release state (Figure 3) passes.

The actuating device 20 is designed here as a locking disc and rotatably supported on a shaft 202. By means of a Cable 204, the user can use a lid / lock (not shown) for example open a dumpster, if he's not using one here, for example lever shown the actuator 20 to the Shaft 202 rotates. Also includes the actuator / locking disc 20 a detent 206 by the locking element 184 is contacted when the locking device 18 is in the locked state, whereby the actuator 20 is locked, d. H. of the User cannot be operated.

Furthermore, the actuating device 20 has a contoured Area 208, which consists of two sections 210 and 212. The function of the contoured area 208 and the Sections 210 and 212 will be used in the description of the unlocking and locking operation explained.

The reset device 22 consists essentially of a Deflection lever 222, which is rotatably mounted on a shaft 224 and is connected to a tension spring 226 so that the tension spring 226 exerts no force on the rocker arm 222 when this is in the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 you can see. This is achieved in that the tension spring 226 is centric with respect to the center of the shaft 224 is attached to the deflection lever 222.

The deflection lever 222 is located in that shown in FIG Position, the tension spring 226 is in the manner outlined deflected, d. H. the tension spring 226 now engages relative to that Center of the shaft 224 eccentrically on the deflection lever 222 and is thus stretched. As a result, the tension spring 226 is below Tension and exerts a force on the deflection lever 222. At its contoured area 208 or the actuating device 20 facing side is the deflection lever 222 with a reset bracket 228 connected. The reset bracket 228 extends between the deflection lever 222 and the unlocking device 16, the reset bracket 228 not is firmly connected to the unlocking device 16. On Interaction of the reset bracket 228 and the unlocking device 16 takes place only in the position shown in Figure 3 the unlocking device 16 takes place when the return element 166 and the reset bracket 228 in engagement with each other stand.

In the following, the operation of the device 1 becomes powerless Unlocking explained with reference to Figures 2 to 4.

In Figure 2, the closed and locked state of the Device 1 shown by the unlocking device 16 in the neutral state and the locking device 18 is in the locked state. The locking unit 18 is in the locked state by the compression spring 186 held so that the locking element 184th the catch 206 of the actuating device 20 contacts and actuation / rotation of the actuating device 20 is prevented.

After a successful check of the key 12 by the control device 14 energy from the key 12 the unlocking device 16 is fed, this is under Using the energy of the key 12 around the shaft 182 so rotated that the unlocking device 16 the in Figure 3 shown release state assumes.

The movement of the unlocking device is preferred 16 from the neutral state to the release state by a Mechanically limited stop. Such an attack is in Figures 2, 3 and 4 indicated by the dashed line. The stop can be made of magnetically ineffective materials be made, but it is also possible for the Stop using a material that has the desired interactions between the permanent magnet 168 of the unlocking device 16 and the permanent magnet 188 of the locking device 18 reinforced.

The rotation of the unlocking device 16 can be used the energy of the key 12 in any known manner be carried out, it being preferred in the invention that the unlocking device 16 using a Electric motor 1610 and one connected to the electric motor Slipping clutch 1612 is moved. This embodiment of the Unlocking device 16 is outlined in Figure 5. The Electric motor 1610 is an unidirectional one Electric motor, d. H. the electric motor 1610 is in use the energy of the key 12 always in the same direction turned. The energy of the key 12 is the electric motor 1610 for a predetermined period (e.g. 3 seconds), wherein the slip clutch 1612 damage individual Components of the unlocking device 16 prevented if it is in the release state (FIG. 3), although the electric motor 1610 continues to rotate. alternative it is possible to use an electric motor 1610 which is rotated exactly for the duration that the unlocking device needed to start from the neutral state take the release state. In this case it is Slip clutch 1612 no longer required, but the control and control of the electric motor 1610 must be designed more complex become.

The change in state of the unlocking device 16, i. H. the change in position of magnet 168 relative to that Locking device 18 causes magnetic interactions between the magnet 168 of the unlocking device 16 and the magnet 188 of the locking device 18 occur so that the locking device 18 from the Locked state (Figure 2) in the unlocked state (Figure 3) is brought. It is necessary that the Magnets 168 and 188 are designed so that the resulting ones magnetic interactions generate forces that are greater than the resulting force of the compression spring 168 to the To change the state of the locking device 18.

As shown in Figure 3, the locking element contacts 184 the peg 206 no longer as soon as the Locking device 18 is in the unlocked state. This unlocks the actuator 20 and a Operation of the actuator 20 by the user to open the locking device is released. To the The actuator opens when the closing device is opened 20 using an operating lever, not shown rotated by the user so that the cable 204 the Closure of the secured with the locking device Object (e.g. a dumpster) opens. By the rotation the actuating device 20, the deflection lever 222 the contoured section 212 against the force of the tension spring 226 twisted (Figure 4). This will unlock the device 16 from the reset bracket 228, which is in contact with the return element 166 (FIG. 3), in the position for the neutral state moved back (Figure 4). So be the magnetic interactions between the magnets 168 and 188 so reduced that the resulting magnetic Forces are less than the force of the compression spring 186. Therefore the compression spring 186 can lock the locking device 18 in the position move that the position of the locking device 18 corresponds in the locked state, since the contoured Section 212 of the actuator 20 such Allows changing the position of the locking device 18.

As soon as the user closes the locking device by means of the actuating device 20 reseals, d. H. by means of the Actuating lever, not shown, the actuating device 20 brings into the position shown in Figure 2, slides the catch 206 presses over the locking element 184 the same against the force of the compression spring 186 down and comes to the starting position, the compression spring 186 the Locking device 18 moves upward, so that the locking element 184 the detent 206 in that described above Contacted and thus the actuating device 20th locked. Another actuation of the actuating device 20 can only take place when the control device 14 successfully checked a key 12 and the unlocking device 16 has supplied energy to the key 12.

Instead of the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 5 the unlocking device 16 can be an unlocking device 16 are used, which are no moving components but has different magnetic forces using electromagnetic components in Provide dependency on states of the locking device can. So it is possible to use an electromagnetic coil 1620 for generating electromagnetic fields and preferably a component 1622 which is modular in order to reinforce the generate electromagnetic fields to use (Fig. 6). If the key 12 has been successfully checked, the Coil 1620 energy supplied to the key 12 and an electromagnetic Field created. This causes a force effect on the locking device 18 and more precisely on its Magnet 188, causing the change in state of the locking device 18 from the locked state to the unlocked state is effected.

Furthermore, the unlocking device 16 can be used of pneumatically and / or hydraulically operated components a force effect on the locking device 18 generate to the locking device 18 from their To bring the locked state into the unlocked state. Even in these cases, the energy required to operate the pneumatic and / or hydraulic components required is fed via the interface 10 from the key 12.

Depending on the application and depending on the with the Device 1 for powerless unlocking locking device it may be advantageous to unlock devices 16 to use a combination of individual or all the embodiments described above (electric motor, magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic).

Depending on the selected embodiment of the unlocking device 16 it is necessary to return devices 22 to be used with corresponding embodiments. So is, for example, in the case of an unlocking device 16 with magnetically active components for actuating the locking device 18 to use a return device 22, the mechanical from the actuator 20 is operated, but the unlocking device 16 electronically / electrically so controlled that the electromagnetic Force action of the same on the locking device 18 is ended. Here, the electrical / electronic Activation of the unlocking device 16 required Energy from mechanical actuation by the actuator 20 generated or by one of the return device 22 assigned energy source or from the key 12 are provided.

Unlocking devices 16 are used, the under Use of pneumatic and / or hydraulic components generate a force effect on the locking device 18, return devices 22 are to be used, which with the pneumatic and / or hydraulic components of the unlocking device 16 cooperate so that the pneumatic and / or hydraulically generated force on the locking device 18 is ended.

Instead of the rotating components, translationally movable ones can also be used Components are used.

It is also possible, instead of one designed as a locking disc Actuator 20 is provided with a groove Use washer as shown in Figures 7 and 8 is shown. This is designed as a pawl Locking device 18 not as in FIGS. 2 to 4 shown aligned with the actuator 20 aligned, but perpendicular to it.

Claims (17)

1. Device (1) for forceless unlatching of a locking device, comprising

   an interface (10) for a key (12) to supply data from the key (12),

   a control means (14), which is connectable with the interface (10) for data exchange with the key (12),

   an actuating means (20) for opening and closing the locking device,

   a latching means (18), which assumes a latching condition for the latched condition of the locking device and assumes an unlatching condition for the unlatched condition of the locking device, and

   an unlatching means (16), which assumes a neutral condition for the closed condition of the locking device and which assumes, if a verification of the identity and/or of the access authorization on the basis of data of the key (12) by means of the control means (14) has been successfully completed, a release condition, if the locking device is to be opened, and which cooperates with the latching means (18) in the release condition such that the latching means (18) assumes, starting from the latching condition, the unlatching condition,

   characterized in that

   the interface (10) is adapted for energy supply from the key (12),

   the latching means (18) latches the actuating means (20) in the latching condition and unlatches the actuating means (20) in the unlatching condition for opening the locking device, and

   the unlatching means (16) assumes the release condition using energy supplied from the key (12).
2. Device according to claim 1,
   characterized by
   a reset means (22), which cooperates with the unlatching means (16) in opening or closing of the locking device such that the unlatching means (16) assumes, staring from the release condition, the neutral condition, whereby the latching means (18) can assume the latching condition if the locking device assumes a condition in which it is to be latched.
3. Device according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the reset means (22) is coupled with the actuating means (20) such that the unlatching means (16) assumes the neutral condition in opening or closing of the locking device by means of the actuating means (20).
4. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   the latching means (18) engages the actuating means (20) in the latching condition to latch the same.
5. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the unlatching means (16) effects, in the release condition, the change of the latching means (18) from the latching condition into the unlatching condition by means of magnetically active components.
6. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   the unlatching means (16) comprises an uni-directionally operated electric motor (1610) and a sliding clutch (1612) connected therewith, wherein the electric motor (1610) is operated by energy from the key (12).
7. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that

   the unlatching means (16) comprises an electric magnet (1620), which generates, using energy from the key (12), an electromagnetic force effect onto the latching means (18), the electromagnetic force effect effecting the change of the latching means (18) from the latching condition into the unlatching condition.
8. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that

   the unlatching means (16) comprises pneumatically and/or hydraulically operated means, which generate, using energy from the key (12), a force effect onto the latching means (18), the force effect effecting the change of the latching means (18) from the latching condition into the unlatching condition.
9. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that

   the control means (14) and/or the key (12) is directed to acquire and/or store costs resulting from an actuation of the locking device.
10. Method for forceless unlatching of a locking device, comprising the following steps:

    connecting a key (12) with an interface (10), and

    verifying the identity and/or access authorization of the key (12) by a control means (14), wherein the locking device remains latched if the verification has failed, and wherein the following steps are carried out if the verification has been successfully completed:

    supplying energy, which is provided in the key (12), to an unlatching means (16) for changing the condition of the unlatching means (16) from a neutral condition into a release condition, and

    cooperating of the unlatching means (16), in the release condition, with a latching means (18) for changing the condition of the latching means (18) from a latching condition for latching the locking device into an unlocking condition in which the locking device can be opened.
11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterized by

    resetting the unlatching means (16) in opening or closing of the locking device by a reset means (22) such that the unlatching means (16) assumes the neutral condition, and

    latching the latching means (18) as soon as the locking device assumes a condition in which it is to be latched.
12. Method according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the resetting of the unlatching means (16) is accomplished by cooperating of an actuating means (20) for opening and closing the locking device with the reset means (22).
13. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the change of the condition of the latching means (18) from the latching condition into the unlatching condition is accomplished by means of magnetically effective forces.
14. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the energy from the key (12) is supplied to an uni-directionally operated electric motor (1610) of the unlatching means (16), the electric motor changing the condition of the unlatching means (16) from the neutral condition into the release condition by means of a sliding clutch (1612).
15. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that

    the energy of the key (12) is supplied to an electric magnet (1620) of the unlatching means (16), the electric magnet generating an electromagnetic force effect onto the latching means (18) for bringing the latching means (18) into the unlatching condition.
16. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that

    the energy of the key (12) is supplied to pneumatically and/or hydraulically operated means of the unlatching means (16), the pneumatically and/or hydraulically operated means generating a force effect onto the latching means (18) for bringing the latching means (18) into the unlatching condition.
17. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 16,
    characterized by

    acquiring and/or storing, by means of the control means (14) and/or the key (12), costs resulting from an actuation of the locking device.

Images