EP1088286B1 - Roadside control device for a toll apparatus installed in a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Roadside control device for a toll apparatus installed in a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1088286B1 EP1088286B1 EP99936355A EP99936355A EP1088286B1 EP 1088286 B1 EP1088286 B1 EP 1088286B1 EP 99936355 A EP99936355 A EP 99936355A EP 99936355 A EP99936355 A EP 99936355A EP 1088286 B1 EP1088286 B1 EP 1088286B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- toll
- monitoring device
- monitoring
- instrument
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a roadside control device for the control of proper operation of a toll collection device in a control device passing and having an identifying license plate vehicle is installed, wherein the toll device performs a satellite-based electronic toll settlement.
- the known system provides that in each vehicle a toll device is installed in the over a receiver for the signals of a navigation satellite system such.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- Glosnar is equipped with an electronic memory, in which the toll roads and the geographical zones (in the following simplified only spoken by toll roads or roads) and the respectively associated usage rates are recorded.
- the toll unit Based on the signals of Navigation system, the toll unit has at any time on the current geographical position of the vehicle and recognizes from the stored data on the paid routes, whether the vehicle is on a paid Distance or not, and may be due in this way Determine toll amounts automatically.
- the known system sees the use of value-added credit cards (eg. Chip card) on which the respective toll amounts due are debited by the toll device.
- a tolling device which for this purpose is a device for Self-monitoring for unauthorized manipulation of the individual components of the Tolling device and a fault memory for recording of diagnosing data in case an unauthorized manipulation.
- the tolling device can emit a signal via a corresponding signaling device that indicates improper operation of the device.
- a tolling device which via a signaling device has the diagnostic data that informs about the functionality of the toll provide information about their individual components, can be queried wirelessly from the outside.
- diagnostic data With the help of transmitted diagnostic data should both non-payers and false payers who their Billing use of the route in the wrong charge class should be easy.
- no further details are given in this document.
- From GB 2 295 476 A is a roadside control device for the control of a proper operation of a toll collection device in a control device passing and an identified license plate having vehicle is installed, wherein the toll device performs a satellite-based electronic toll settlement.
- the control means a communication device for the wireless exchange of Information between the control device and the toll device in the passing vehicle on.
- the toll device is able to charge tolls based on time-based usage rates and from a value balance stored on a carried-over credit card to debit electronically.
- the Facilities of the control device by triggering a corresponding signal of a optical sensor activated.
- the communication device of the control device transmitted to the vehicle just passing a data query within a given Time must be answered.
- the answer of the vehicle is then from the Checked for the presence of an error code.
- An error code is sent from Toll device stored if the externally visible device control light (enforcement light) is damaged if the credit balance on the memory card becomes negative and if the antenna the communication device has been shielded for a certain time and thus was not ready to receive. If no error code is detected, the controller will go away proper operation of the toll device. If, however, an error code is detected or the dialogue between the passing vehicle and the control device does not come to be able to, a camera is activated, which takes a photo of the vehicle.
- US 5 767 505 also discloses a roadside control device for the Operating a toll device in vehicles passing the control device.
- the toll device carries out a satellite-based electronic toll settlement. There is a settlement of sums always take place when the vehicle is a virtual tollbooth whose Position data stored in the toll unit has happened.
- the toll device has additional also about the position data of control points, when passing it automatically by means of digital mobile radio transmits certain control data to a central office.
- At the Control Center installed cameras take all passing vehicles with theirs Number plates on and pass this information to the central office.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roadside control device for the Control of the proper operation of a satellite-based toll collection device specify electronic toll billing, on the one hand a high accuracy in the on the one hand, and on the other hand, as little as possible Required effort for the equipment and the operation of the control device.
- control device with the in Claim 1 features specified.
- This control device can be through the features of the dependent subclaims in advantageously further embellish.
- the invention thus provides a control device that provides the required roadside monitoring of passing vehicles practically automatically can do.
- the control device on wireless way the toll device of each passing vehicle to do so request information about the current operating state of the toll device to transfer.
- Such information includes, in particular, information about those for Billing based on vehicle class and on the Proper booking of tolls, for example on a prepaid card or alternatively, the proper transmission of the toll amounts to one Billing center.
- DSRC Short-range radio communication system
- CN Cellular Network
- a terminal is especially advantageous if it is suitable for digital mobile communications and z.
- B. complies with the GSM standard.
- a terminal for the system Mobitex can be to use with advantage.
- the vehicle may need the keys necessary for encryption in a chip card or a fixed memory of the toll device or the vehicle side be stored used communication device.
- a particularly effective Tamper protection can then be ensured if, in addition to current fee and smart card information also satellite, positional and / or other Device information is queried and transmitted to the control device.
- the roadside control device in a similar way as the vehicle-side toll unit with a receiver for the signals of the used Navigation satellite system is equipped, then, for example, the current On the satellite side received satellite signals are compared with the currently of satellite signals received by the roadside control device. To this Way, can be confusion with other vehicles, simultaneously or very much promptly pass the roadside control device, and data manipulation be practically excluded. The same applies if the passing Vehicle gives direct information about his current position at the time of the dialogue.
- a particularly important part of the roadside control device is the Klassfikations issued, which expediently after an acoustic or optical measuring principle works. It has the task, based on characteristic signals To recognize the respective type of the passing vehicle so accurately that he with greatest security can be clearly assigned to a specific fee class can. With respect to acoustic measuring principles, for example, those of a Vehicle emitted noise can be analyzed. So has a commercial vehicle (Truck or bus) a significantly different frequency spectrum than a car or a motorcycle. For example, information can be derived from ultrasound signals which can be used to determine the size of a vehicle to in this way to make a class assignment. Generally, too several different measuring methods are combined with each other to the Increase security of the assignment.
- the Classification device in a preferred embodiment via a sensor system, which has an electronic image sensor.
- This image sensor allows the electronic recording of images of each vehicle, which then with stored images are compared from a vehicle class database can.
- the assignment to a vehicle class is made according to the largest Match in the picture features.
- To the computational effort for such It is particularly important to reduce comparison procedures and shorten the time required expedient if the classification device according to the principle of optical Correlation works.
- the image information not the image information, but the Spatial frequencies of the images optically superimposed and perpendicular to a light source rayed.
- the intensity of the transmitted light is a direct measure of the correlation of the images and thus of the vehicle class.
- the vehicle class could for example, based on the heat distribution over the vehicle length with the help an infrared image sensor, e.g. by means of a microbolometer array.
- Another alternative is in the assignment of passing the control device Vehicles based on a geometric vehicle measurement means To see infrared detectors. But this type of vehicle classification is comparatively very complicated and usually requires the installation of the Control device on a bridge over the track to be observed.
- the central component of the control device is a Trigger device, which is the various facilities and components of the Inspection enabled functionally and also the timing of the Vehicle classification determined.
- the trigger device detects the time at which a vehicle a defined position on the road or a defined distance has reached from the control device and delivers as needed z.
- B. in addition also one Information about the respective vehicle speed.
- a radar sensor or even a laser sensor be provided. Of course, the combination of several different sensors possible.
- the evaluation unit has the task of determining whether the controlled vehicle the road legally travels or not, that is, from the in-vehicle toll device the road tolls due according to the applicable tariff properly determined and deducted. This will be the information that on the one hand via the dialogue with the tolling device and on the other hand by the Classification device are supplied, compared and plausibility checked. If, for example, by radio over the communication device of Maut réelle the vehicle interrogated vehicle class of the by the Classification determined vehicle class, delivers the Evaluation device, a signal that causes further action to the probably to penalize this infringement. Instead of a fraudulent Manipulation could also be a technical error. The The most important measure is to secure evidence that has one reliable evidence allows undoubtedly that observed each Vehicle no proper calculation and recharging of each due road toll.
- a receiving device which in the case of a negative Result of the plausibility check or in the event that no dialogue with the vehicle or the toll device of the vehicle has come about, a Recording of the vehicle with which this vehicle clearly identifiable is.
- a receiving device can For example, include an electronic camera. It is also possible that the electronic camera of the recording device is physically identical to a electronic camera, which forms the sensors of the classification device, so that the effort for this component can be saved. The time at which The inclusion of the license plate is made by the Trigger device specified by a corresponding signal.
- control device is a radio device, in particular a data radio device, comprising, in the case of by the Evaluator noted improper operation of the in-vehicle toll unit recording the number plate of the affected vehicle Vehicle and, if necessary, further data of the respective inspection process a control center is transmitted.
- a data radio device comprising, in the case of by the Evaluator noted improper operation of the in-vehicle toll unit recording the number plate of the affected vehicle Vehicle and, if necessary, further data of the respective inspection process a control center is transmitted.
- the control device via a data compression device has to allow data transmission to the control center in a compressed form can be done. This allows the capacity requirements to be met Transmission channels and thus significantly reduce the cost of data transmission.
- the control device according to the invention consists essentially of electronic Components that require little space and low energy consumption exhibit. Therefore, this control device can be as compact device technology Create unit. It can be installed in fixed locations, eg. B. on a as Device carrier serving mast or at one on the respective road leading Bridge. Particularly advantageous with regard to the effectiveness of random sampling However, carried out control operations is the installation in a vehicle, so that the control device can be used as a mobile device at any location.
- the present invention makes it possible with a comparatively low cost for the construction and operation of a roadside inspection facility Verification of the proper operation of satellite-based toll equipment in random or even complete, with a very high Security with regard to the factual accuracy of the inspections carried out is reachable. It is essential that the necessary human resources is extremely low, since the inspection runs virtually in fully automated form.
- the control device 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the form of function blocks has a communication device 2, for example as. Short-range radio device designed for a frequency in the range of 5.8 GHz is. Furthermore, the control device 1 comprises a classification device 3, whose Sensor system includes an electronic image sensor (eg in the form of an electronic image sensor Camera). Furthermore, the control device 1 has a trigger device 4, the signal technology with the communication device 2 and the Classification device 3 is connected. To the trigger device is also a Evaluation device 5 and a recording device 7 signal technology connected. The evaluation device 5 is z. B. from an electronic Computer that performs a plausibility check with regard to the vehicle class of the just controlled and the control device passing vehicle makes.
- this calculator compares information relating to this Communication device 2 from the controlled vehicle or its Tolling device will be obtained, with the appropriate information about the passing vehicle, which were determined by the control body itself to the be able to specify the relevant vehicle class. If the evaluation device 5 determines that the vehicle class applied in the in-vehicle toll apparatus has a different one is as determined by the control device 1 itself vehicle class, then a Generates signal representative of the state that the just passing Vehicle no proper billing of route tolls performs. About the triggering device 4 is then a corresponding signal to the Receiving device 7 given to identify the affected vehicle To take picture. This receiving device 7 is for example as electronic camera trained. This can be advantageous at the same time as Sensors are used for the classification device 3.
- a GPS receiver 8 with the signals of the vehicle-mounted tolling device used navigation satellite system are receivable, and a z. B. formed as a data radio radio device 9, with the taken recording of the vehicle or its license plate together with further information about the detected Vorkommis to a control center wireless ways are communicable.
- This control center then has the Transmission of reliable evidence, on the basis of which the identified Infringement of the driver of the vehicle is traceable.
- the GPS receiver 8 information provided with appropriate GPS information can be compared, by the control device 1 from the vehicle can be queried, the authenticity of the requested data completely be guaranteed.
- FIG 2 the process of the control by the control device 1 is schematic shown.
- a vehicle 10 equipped with a toll device 11 and a vehicle Car identifying license plate 6 carries on a paid Street.
- a mobile stand Control device 1 set up By reference numeral 12, three satellites are one Navigation satellite system that send signals by means of which one accurate two-dimensional determination of the position of the respective GPS receiver and thus the vehicle position is possible.
- Control device 1 detects a vehicle 10, in which the plausibility check in terms of regularity leads to a negative result is about the in Figure 2, not shown receiving unit a verweisichemde recording the vehicle 10, preferably from the license plate 6, made and z. B. via a not shown in Figure 2 wireless device to a control center for the follow-up of the identified infringement.
- the concerned Vehicle can then be located at a suitable location (eg at a parking lot or at a rest area) by the police from the market and the driver concerned be confronted with the evidence. On this occasion can then be determined whether the improper operation of the toll device 11 on a Manipulation or technical failure of the toll device 11 is based, which not to be represented by the driver of the vehicle 10.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine straßenseitige Kontrolleinrichtung für die Kontrolle des ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs eines Mautgerätes, das in einem die Kontrolleinrichtung passierenden und ein identifizierendes Nummernschild aufweisenden Fahrzeug installiert ist, wobei das Mautgerät eine satellitengestützte elektronische Mautabrechnung durchführt.The invention relates to a roadside control device for the control of proper operation of a toll collection device in a control device passing and having an identifying license plate vehicle is installed, wherein the toll device performs a satellite-based electronic toll settlement.
Aus der EP 0 691 013 B1 ist ein elektronisches Abrechnungssystem bekannt, mit dem Nutzungsgebühren von Fahrzeugen, die eine vorgegebene geographische Zone oder eine gebührenpflichtige Wegstrecke befahren, erhoben werden können (Nutzungsgebühren = Maut). Das bekannte System sieht vor, daß in jedem Fahrzeug ein Mautgerät installiert ist, in das über einen Empfänger für die Signale eines Navigationssatellitensystems wie z. B. GPS (= Global Positioning System) oder Glosnar verfügt und mit einem elektronischen Speicher versehen ist, in dem die gebührenpflichtigen Wegstrecken und die geographischen Zonen (im folgenden wird vereinfachend nur von gebührenpflichtigen Straßen oder Wegstrecken gesprochen) sowie die jeweils zugehörigen Nutzungstarife verzeichnet sind. Anhand der Signale des Navigationssatellitensystems verfügt das Mautgerät zu jeder Zeit über die aktuelle geographische Position des Fahrzeugs und erkennt anhand der gespeicherten Daten über die gebührenpflichtigen Wegstrecken, ob sich das Fahrzeug auf einer gebührenpflichtigen Wegstrecke befindet oder nicht, und kann auf diese Weise die gegebenenfalls fälligen Mautbeträge selbsttätig ermitteln. Zur Gewährleistung einer völlig anonymen Abrechnung der Mautbeträge sieht das bekannte System die Verwendung von Wertguthabenkarten (z. B. Chipkarte) vor, auf der die jeweils fälligen Mautbeträge durch das Mautgerät abgebucht werden.From EP 0 691 013 B1 an electronic accounting system is known, with which Usage fees of vehicles that have a given geographic area or one chargeable route, can be charged (user charges = toll). The known system provides that in each vehicle a toll device is installed in the over a receiver for the signals of a navigation satellite system such. B. GPS (= Global Positioning System) or Glosnar and is equipped with an electronic memory, in which the toll roads and the geographical zones (in the following simplified only spoken by toll roads or roads) and the respectively associated usage rates are recorded. Based on the signals of Navigation system, the toll unit has at any time on the current geographical position of the vehicle and recognizes from the stored data on the paid routes, whether the vehicle is on a paid Distance or not, and may be due in this way Determine toll amounts automatically. To guarantee a completely anonymous account of the Toll amounts, the known system sees the use of value-added credit cards (eg. Chip card) on which the respective toll amounts due are debited by the toll device.
Diese mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand durchführbare Art der Erhebung der Mautbeträge eröffnet aber im Grundsatz eine Reihe von Betrugsmöglichkeiten für den Betreiber des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs. Daher sind geeignete Vorkehrungen zur Erkennung entsprechender mißbräuchlicher Nutzungshandlungen unabdingbar. This with relatively little effort feasible way of collecting the toll amounts However, in principle, it opens up a range of possible frauds for the operator of the respective vehicle. Therefore, suitable precautions for detection are appropriate Misuse of use is indispensable.
Aus der EP 0 701 722 B1 ist ein Mautgerät bekannt, das zu diesem Zweck eine Einnchtung zur Selbstüberwachung auf unautorisierte Manipulationen an den einzelnen Komponenten des Mautgeräts sowie einen Fehlerspeicher zur Aufzeichnung diagnostizierender Daten im Falle einer unautorisierten Manipulation aufweist. Bei Vorliegen einer unautonsierten Manipulation kann das Mautgerät über eine entsprechende Signaleinrichtung ein Signal aussenden, das einen nicht ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb des Gerätes anzeigt.From EP 0701722 B1 a tolling device is known, which for this purpose is a device for Self-monitoring for unauthorized manipulation of the individual components of the Tolling device and a fault memory for recording of diagnosing data in case an unauthorized manipulation. In the presence of an unauthorized manipulation the tolling device can emit a signal via a corresponding signaling device that indicates improper operation of the device.
Dies setzt selbstverständlich voraus, daß das Gerät selbst auch eingeschaltet ist und daß die Signaleinrichtung nicht abgeschaltet oder in sonstiger Weise manipuliert wurde.This assumes, of course, that the device itself is also turned on and that the Signaling device was not switched off or manipulated in any other way.
Weiterhin ist aus der EP 0 700 551 ein Mautgerät bekannt, das über eine Signaleinrichtung verfügt, über welche Diagnosedaten, die über die Funktionstüchtigkeit des Mautgeräts bzw. ihrer einzelnen Komponenten Auskunft geben, von außen drahtlos abfragbar sind. Mit Hilfe der übermittelten Diagnosedaten sollen sowohl Nichtzahler als auch Falschzahler, die ihre Streckennutzung in einer falschen Gebührenklasse abrechnen, ermitteibar sein. Über die externen Überwachungseinrichtungen, die die mißbräuchliche Streckennutzung ermitteln und verfolgbar machen sollen, werden in dieser Schrift keine näheren Ausführungen gemacht.Furthermore, from EP 0 700 551 a tolling device is known, which via a signaling device has the diagnostic data that informs about the functionality of the toll provide information about their individual components, can be queried wirelessly from the outside. With the help of transmitted diagnostic data should both non-payers and false payers who their Billing use of the route in the wrong charge class should be easy. About the external monitoring devices that detect abusive route usage and to make it traceable, no further details are given in this document.
Aus der GB 2 295 476 A ist eine straßenseitige Kontrolleinrichtung für die Kontrolle eines ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs eines Mautgerätes, das in einem die Kontrolleinrichtung passierenden und ein identifiertes Nummernschild aufweisenden Fahrzeug installiert ist, wobei das Mautgerät eine satellitengestützte elektronische Mautabrechnung durchführt. Hierzu weist die Kontrolleinrichtung eine Kommunikationseinrichtung zum drahtlosen Austausch von Informationen zwischen der Kontrolleinrichtung und dem Mautgerät im passieranden Fahrzeug auf. Das Mautgerät ist in der Lage, Mautbeträge anhand von zeitabhängigen Nutzungstarifen zu ermitteln und von einem auf einer mitgeführten Guthabenkarte gespeicherten Wertguthaben elektronisch abzubuchen. Wenn ein Fahrzeug die Kontrolleinrichtung passiert, werden die Einrichtungen der Kontrolleinrichtung durch Auslösung eines entsprechenden Signals eines optischen Sensors aktiviert. Die Kommunikationseinrichtung der Kontrolleinrichtung übermittelt an das gerade passierende Fahrzeug eine Datenabfrage, die innerhalb einer vorgegebenen Zeit beantwortet sein muss. Die Antwort des Fahrzeugs wird dann von der Kontrolleinrichtung auf das Vorhandensein eines Fehlercodes geprüft. Ein Fehlercode wird vom Mautgerät gespeichert, wenn die nach außen sichtbare Gerätekontrolllampe (enforcement light) beschädigt wird, wenn das Wertguthaben auf der Speicherkarte negativ wird und wenn die Antenne der Kommunikationseinrichtung über eine gewisse Zeit abgeschirmt wurde und somit nicht empfangsbereit war. Wenn kein Fehlercode erkannt wird, geht die Kontrolleinrichtung von einem ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb des Mautgerätes aus. Wird dagegen ein Fehlercode erkannt oder kommt der Dialog zwischen dem passierenden Fahrzeug und der Kontrolleinrichtung nicht zu Stande, so wird eine Kamera aktiviert, die ein Foto von dem Fahrzeug aufnimmt.From GB 2 295 476 A is a roadside control device for the control of a proper operation of a toll collection device in a control device passing and an identified license plate having vehicle is installed, wherein the toll device performs a satellite-based electronic toll settlement. For this purpose points the control means a communication device for the wireless exchange of Information between the control device and the toll device in the passing vehicle on. The toll device is able to charge tolls based on time-based usage rates and from a value balance stored on a carried-over credit card to debit electronically. When a vehicle passes the control device, the Facilities of the control device by triggering a corresponding signal of a optical sensor activated. The communication device of the control device transmitted to the vehicle just passing a data query within a given Time must be answered. The answer of the vehicle is then from the Checked for the presence of an error code. An error code is sent from Toll device stored if the externally visible device control light (enforcement light) is damaged if the credit balance on the memory card becomes negative and if the antenna the communication device has been shielded for a certain time and thus was not ready to receive. If no error code is detected, the controller will go away proper operation of the toll device. If, however, an error code is detected or the dialogue between the passing vehicle and the control device does not come to be able to, a camera is activated, which takes a photo of the vehicle.
Schließlich offenbart die US 5 767 505 ebenfalls eine straßenseitige Kontrelleinrichtung für den Betrieb eines Mautgeräts in Fahrzeugen, die die Kontrolleinrichtung passieren. Das Mautgerät führt eine satellitengestützte elektronische Mautabrechnung durch. Dabei findet eine Abrechnung von Einzeibeträgen immer dann statt, wenn das Fahrzeug eine virtuelle Mautstelle, deren Positionsdaten im Mautgerät gespeichert sind, passiert hat. Das Mautgerät verfügt zusätzlich auch über die Positionsdaten von Kontrollstellen, bei deren Passieren es automatisch mittels digitalem Mobilfunk bestimmte Kontrolldaten an eine Zentralstelle übermittelt. An der Kontrollstelle installierte Kameras nehmen alle passierenden Fahrzeuge mit deren Nummernschildern auf und geben diese Informationen an die Zentralstelle weiter. Dort findet eine Bildauswertung und ein Vergleich mit den vom Fahrzeug jeweils übermitteiten Kontrolldaten statt, die inhaltlich nicht näher erläutert werden. Wenn zwischen den verglichenen Daten keine Korrelation besteht, wird in der Zentralstelle ein Bericht zur manuellen Weiterverfolgung der Angelegenheit erstellt. Anderenfalls werden die an die Zentralstelle übermittelten Daten gelöscht.Finally, US 5 767 505 also discloses a roadside control device for the Operating a toll device in vehicles passing the control device. The toll device carries out a satellite-based electronic toll settlement. There is a settlement of sums always take place when the vehicle is a virtual tollbooth whose Position data stored in the toll unit has happened. The toll device has additional also about the position data of control points, when passing it automatically by means of digital mobile radio transmits certain control data to a central office. At the Control Center installed cameras take all passing vehicles with theirs Number plates on and pass this information to the central office. There finds an image analysis and a comparison with the übermitteiten from the vehicle control data instead of being explained in detail. If between the compared data If there is no correlation, the central office will report on manual follow-up of the matter. Otherwise, the data transmitted to the central office deleted.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine straßenseitige Kontrolleinrichtung für die Kontrolle des ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs eines Mautgeräts für die satellitengestütze elektronische Mautabrechnung anzugeben, die einerseits eine hohe Treffsicherheit bei den durchzuführenden Kontrollen gewährleistet, andererseits aber einen möglichst geringen Aufwand für die Gerätetechnik und den Betrieb der Kontrolleinrichtung erfordert. Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roadside control device for the Control of the proper operation of a satellite-based toll collection device specify electronic toll billing, on the one hand a high accuracy in the on the one hand, and on the other hand, as little as possible Required effort for the equipment and the operation of the control device.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kontrolleinrichtung mit den in
Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Diese Kontrolleinrichtung läßt sich durch
die Merkmale der abhängigen Unteransprüche in vorteilhafterweise weiter
ausgestalten.This object is achieved according to the invention by a control device with the in
Erfindungsgemäß verfügt die Kontrolleinrichtung zumindest über folgende
Einrichtungen:
Die Erfindung stellt somit eine Kontrolleinrichtung zur Verfügung, die die erforderliche straßenseitige Überwachung der passierenden Fahrzeuge praktisch automatisch erledigen kann. Über die Kommunikationseinrichtung kann die Kontrolleinrichtung auf drahtlosem Wege das Mautgerät des jeweils passierenden Fahrzeugs dazu auffordern, Informationen über den aktuellen Betriebszustand des Mautgeräts zu übermitteln.The invention thus provides a control device that provides the required roadside monitoring of passing vehicles practically automatically can do. About the communication device, the control device on wireless way the toll device of each passing vehicle to do so request information about the current operating state of the toll device to transfer.
Solche Informationen beinhalten insbesondere Angaben über die für die Gebührenabrechnung zugrunde gelegte Fahrzeugklasse und über die ordnungsgemäße Verbuchung der Mautbeträge etwa auf einer Wertguthabenkarte oder alternativ über die ordnungsgemäße Übermittlung der Mautbeträge an eine Gebührenabrechnungszentrale. Vorzugsweise ist die Kommunikationseincichtung als Kurzstreckenfunkeinrichtung (DSRC = Dedicated Short-Range Communikation) für den Frequenzbereich von 2,4 bis 5,8 GHz ausgebildet. Es kann auch zweckmäßig sein, als Kommunikationseinrichtung ein Endgerät für ein zellulares Mobilfunknetz (CN = Cellular Network) oder ein Datenfunknetz zu verwenden. Ein solches Endgerät ist besonders dann vorteilhaft, wenn es für den digitalen Mobilfunk geeignet ist und z. B. dem GSM-Standard entspricht. Auch ein Endgerät für das System Mobitex läßt sich mit Vorteil verwenden. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, eine Kommunikationseinrichtung zu verwenden, bei der die Informationen über infrarot- oder Ultraschall-Signale übermittelt werden. Optische Übertragungsverfahren sind aber wegen ihrer Empfindlichkeit gegenüber körperlichen Hindernissen im Übertragungsweg weniger bevorzugt. Es empfiehlt sich ferner, den Dialog zwischen der Kontrolleinrichtung und dem Mautgerät des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs in verschlüsselter Form zu führen. Hierzu sind entsprechende Ver- und Endschlüsselungskomponenten in der Kontrolleinrichtung und im Fahrzeug bzw. im Mautgerät des Fahrzeugs vorzusehen. Hierdurch wird die Sicherheit gegen Manipulationen deutlich erhöht. Im Fahrzeug können die für die Verschlüsselung notwendigen Schlüssel beispielsweise in einer Chipkarte oder einem festen Speicher des Mautgeräts bzw. der fahrzeugseitig eingesetzten Kommunikationseinrichtung abgelegt sein. Einen besonders effektiven Manipulationsschutz kann man dann gewährleisten, wenn neben aktuellen Gebühren- und Chipkarteninformationen auch Satelliten-, Positions- und/oder sonstige Geräteinformationen abgefragt und an die Kontrolleinrichtung übertragen werden. Wenn die straßenseitige Kontrolleinrichtung in entsprechender Weise wie das fahrzeugseitige Mautgerät mit einem Empfänger für die Signale des benutzten Navigationssatellitensystems ausgestattet ist, dann können beispielsweise die aktuell fahrzeugseitig empfangenen Satellitensignale verglichen werden mit den aktuell von der straßenseitigen Kontrolleinrichtung empfangenen Satellitensignalen. Auf diese Weise können Verwechslungen mit anderen Fahrzeugen, die gleichzeitig oder sehr zeitnah die straßenseitige Kontrolleinrichtung passieren, und Datenmanipulationen praktisch ausgeschlossen werden. Entsprechendes gilt auch, wenn das passierende Fahrzeug direkte Angaben über seine aktuelle Position im Zeitpunkt des Dialogs gibt. Such information includes, in particular, information about those for Billing based on vehicle class and on the Proper booking of tolls, for example on a prepaid card or alternatively, the proper transmission of the toll amounts to one Billing center. Preferably, the communication policy is as Short-range radio communication system (DSRC = Dedicated Short-Range Communication) for formed the frequency range of 2.4 to 5.8 GHz. It may also be appropriate be as a communication device, a terminal for a cellular mobile network (CN = Cellular Network) or a data radio network. Such a terminal is especially advantageous if it is suitable for digital mobile communications and z. B. complies with the GSM standard. Also a terminal for the system Mobitex can be to use with advantage. Basically it is also possible to have one Communication device using information about infrared or ultrasound signals are transmitted. Optical transmission methods are but because of their sensitivity to physical obstacles in the Transmission less preferred. It is also recommended that the dialogue between the control device and the toll unit of the respective vehicle in encrypted Lead form. These include appropriate encryption and decryption components in the control device and in the vehicle or in the toll unit of the vehicle provided. As a result, the security against manipulation is significantly increased. in the For example, the vehicle may need the keys necessary for encryption in a chip card or a fixed memory of the toll device or the vehicle side be stored used communication device. A particularly effective Tamper protection can then be ensured if, in addition to current fee and smart card information also satellite, positional and / or other Device information is queried and transmitted to the control device. If the roadside control device in a similar way as the vehicle-side toll unit with a receiver for the signals of the used Navigation satellite system is equipped, then, for example, the current On the satellite side received satellite signals are compared with the currently of satellite signals received by the roadside control device. To this Way, can be confusion with other vehicles, simultaneously or very much promptly pass the roadside control device, and data manipulation be practically excluded. The same applies if the passing Vehicle gives direct information about his current position at the time of the dialogue.
Bei Bedarf könnten über die Kommunikationseinrichtung auch Informationen aus dem Fahrzeug für polizeiliche Zwecke, die über die reine Monatsabrechnung hinausgehen, übermittelt werden (z.B: Fahrzeiten eines LKW-Fahrers oder Fahrzeugdaten, die über einen CAN-Bus ausgelesen werden könnten).If necessary, information from the Vehicle for police purposes, which goes beyond the mere monthly statement, be transmitted (for example: driving times of a truck driver or vehicle data over a CAN bus could be read).
Ein besonders wesentlicher Teil der straßenseitigen Kontrolleinrichtung ist die Klassfikationseinrichtung, die zweckmäßigerweise nach einem akustischen oder optischen Meßprinzip arbeitet. Sie hat die Aufgabe, anhand charakteristischer Signale den jeweiligen Typ des passierenden Fahrzeugs so genau zu erkennen, daß er mit größter Sicherheit eindeutig einer bestimmten Gebührenklasse zugeordnet werden kann. In bezug auf akustische Meßprinzipien können beispielsweise die von einem Fahrzeug emittierten Geräusche analysiert werden. So hat etwa ein Nutzkraftwagen (LKW oder Bus) ein deutlich anderes Frequenzspektrum als ein PKW oder ein Motorrad. Aus Ultraschallsignalen lassen sich beispielsweise Informationen ableiten, die zur Feststellung der Größe eines Fahrzeugs herangezogen werden können, um auf diese Weise eine Klassenzuordnung vornehmen zu können. Generell können auch mehrere unterschiedliche Meßmethoden miteinander kombiniert werden, um die Sicherheit der Zuordnung zu erhöhen. Besonders bevorzugt werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung optische Meßmethoden. Daher verfügt die Klassifikationseinrichtung in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform über eine Sensorik, die einen elektronischen Bildsensor aufweist. Dieser Bildsensor ermöglicht die elektronische Aufnahme von Bildern des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs, die dann mit gespeicherten Bildern aus einer Fahrzeugklassen-Datenbank verglichen werden können. Die Zuordnung zu einer Fahrzeugklasse erfolgt jeweils nach der größten Übereinstimmung in den Bildmerkmalen. Um den Rechenaufwand für ein solches Vergleichsverfahren zu vermindern und den Zeitbedarf zu verkürzen ist es besonders zweckmäßig, wenn die Klassifikationseinrichtung nach dem Prinzip der optischen Korrelation arbeitet. In diesem Fall werden nicht die Bildinformationen, sondern die Ortsfrequenzen der Bilder optisch überlagert und senkrecht mit einer Lichtquelle durchleuchtet. Die Intensität des transmittierten Lichtes ist dabei ein direktes Maß für die Korrelation der Bilder und damit der Fahrzeugklasse. Die Fahrzeugklasse könnte beispielsweise auch anhand der Wärmeverteilung über die Fahrzeuglänge mit Hilfe eines Infrarot-Bildsensors, z.B. mittels eines Mikrobolometer-Arrays, ermittelt werden. Eine andere Alternative ist in der Zuordnung der die Kontrolleinrichtung passierenden Fahrzeuge anhand einer geometrischen Fahrzeugvermessung mittels Infrarotdetektoren zu sehen. Diese Art der Fahrzeugklassifikation ist aber vergleichsweise sehr aufwendig und erfordert im Regelfall die Installation der Kontrolleinrichtung auf einer Brücke über der zu beobachtenden Fahrbahn.A particularly important part of the roadside control device is the Klassfikationseinrichtung, which expediently after an acoustic or optical measuring principle works. It has the task, based on characteristic signals To recognize the respective type of the passing vehicle so accurately that he with greatest security can be clearly assigned to a specific fee class can. With respect to acoustic measuring principles, for example, those of a Vehicle emitted noise can be analyzed. So has a commercial vehicle (Truck or bus) a significantly different frequency spectrum than a car or a Motorcycle. For example, information can be derived from ultrasound signals which can be used to determine the size of a vehicle to in this way to make a class assignment. Generally, too several different measuring methods are combined with each other to the Increase security of the assignment. Particularly preferred are in the context of present invention optical measuring methods. Therefore, the Classification device in a preferred embodiment via a sensor system, which has an electronic image sensor. This image sensor allows the electronic recording of images of each vehicle, which then with stored images are compared from a vehicle class database can. The assignment to a vehicle class is made according to the largest Match in the picture features. To the computational effort for such It is particularly important to reduce comparison procedures and shorten the time required expedient if the classification device according to the principle of optical Correlation works. In this case, not the image information, but the Spatial frequencies of the images optically superimposed and perpendicular to a light source rayed. The intensity of the transmitted light is a direct measure of the correlation of the images and thus of the vehicle class. The vehicle class could for example, based on the heat distribution over the vehicle length with the help an infrared image sensor, e.g. by means of a microbolometer array. Another alternative is in the assignment of passing the control device Vehicles based on a geometric vehicle measurement means To see infrared detectors. But this type of vehicle classification is comparatively very complicated and usually requires the installation of the Control device on a bridge over the track to be observed.
Zentraler Baustein der erfindungsgemäßen Kontrolleinrichtung ist eine Triggereinrichtung, die die verschiedenen Einrichtungen und Komponenten der Kontrolleinrichtung funktionsgerecht aktiviert und auch den zeitlichen Ablauf der Fahrzeugklassifikation bestimmt. Die Triggereinrichtung erfaßt den Zeitpunkt, an dem ein Fahrzeug eine definierte Position auf der Fahrbahn oder eine definierte Entfernung von der Kontrolleinrichtung erreicht hat und liefert bei Bedarf z. B. zusätzlich auch eine Angabe über die jeweilige Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit. Zweckmäßigerweise verfügt die Triggereinrichtung über einen elektronischen Bildsensor mit einer nachgeschalteten Bildverarbeitung. Alternativ kann auch ein Radarsensor oder auch ein Lasersensor vorgesehen sein. Selbstverständlich ist auch die Kombination mehrerer unterschiedlicher Sensoren möglich.The central component of the control device according to the invention is a Trigger device, which is the various facilities and components of the Inspection enabled functionally and also the timing of the Vehicle classification determined. The trigger device detects the time at which a vehicle a defined position on the road or a defined distance has reached from the control device and delivers as needed z. B. in addition also one Information about the respective vehicle speed. Appropriately, has the Trigger device via an electronic image sensor with a downstream Image processing. Alternatively, a radar sensor or even a laser sensor be provided. Of course, the combination of several different sensors possible.
Die Auswerteeinrichtung hat die Aufgabe, zu ermitteln, ob das kontrollierte Fahrzeug die Straße rechtmäßig befährt oder nicht, ob also von dem fahrzeuginternen Mautgerät die fälligen Straßenbenutzungsgebühren nach dem jeweils zutreffenden Tarif ordnungsgemäß ermittelt und abgebucht werden. Hierzu werden die Informationen, die einerseits über den Dialog mit dem Mautgerät und andererseits von der Klassifikationseinrichtung geliefert werden, miteinander verglichen und auf Plausibilität geprüft. Wenn die beispielsweise per Funk über die Kommunikationseinrichtung vom Mautgerät des Fahrzeugs abgefragte Fahrzeugklasse von der durch die Klassifikationseinrichtung ermittelten Fahrzeugklasse abweicht, liefert die Auswerteeinrichtung ein Signal, das weitere Maßnahmen veranlaßt, um den wahrscheinlich vorliegenden Rechtsverstoß zu ahnden. Statt einer betrügerischen Manipulation könnte unter Umständen auch ein technischer Fehler vorliegen. Die wichtigste Maßnahme besteht darin, Beweismaterial zu sichern, das einen zuverlässigen Nachweis dafür ermöglicht, daß unzweifelhaft das jeweils beobachtete Fahrzeug keine ordnungsgemäße Berechnung und Weiterbelastung der jeweils fälligen Straßenbenutzungsgebühr vorgenommen hat.The evaluation unit has the task of determining whether the controlled vehicle the road legally travels or not, that is, from the in-vehicle toll device the road tolls due according to the applicable tariff properly determined and deducted. This will be the information that on the one hand via the dialogue with the tolling device and on the other hand by the Classification device are supplied, compared and plausibility checked. If, for example, by radio over the communication device of Mautgerät the vehicle interrogated vehicle class of the by the Classification determined vehicle class, delivers the Evaluation device, a signal that causes further action to the probably to penalize this infringement. Instead of a fraudulent Manipulation could also be a technical error. The The most important measure is to secure evidence that has one reliable evidence allows undoubtedly that observed each Vehicle no proper calculation and recharging of each due road toll.
Hierzu ist eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung vorgesehen, die für den Fall eines negativen Ergebnisses der Plausibilitätsüberprüfung oder für den Fall, daß gar kein Dialog mit dem Fahrzeug bzw. dem Mautgerät des Fahrzeugs zustande gekommen ist, eine Aufnahme des Fahrzeugs anfertigt, mit der dieses Fahrzeug eindeutig identifizierbar ist. Hierzu eignet sich selbstverständlich in erster Linie die Aufnahme des Nummemschildes des Fahrzeugs. Eine solche Aufnahmeeinrichtung kann beispielsweise eine elektronische Kamera umfassen. Dabei ist es auch möglich, daß die elektronische Kamera der Aufnahmeeinrichtung körperlich identisch ist mit einer elektronischen Kamera, die die Sensorik der Klassifikationseinrichtung bildet, so daß der Aufwand für diese Komponente eingespart werden kann. Der Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Aufnahme des Nummernschildes vorgenommen wird, wird durch die Triggereinrichtung durch ein entsprechendes Signal vorgegeben.For this purpose, a receiving device is provided, which in the case of a negative Result of the plausibility check or in the event that no dialogue with the vehicle or the toll device of the vehicle has come about, a Recording of the vehicle with which this vehicle clearly identifiable is. Of course, this is primarily the inclusion of the Number plate of the vehicle. Such a receiving device can For example, include an electronic camera. It is also possible that the electronic camera of the recording device is physically identical to a electronic camera, which forms the sensors of the classification device, so that the effort for this component can be saved. The time at which The inclusion of the license plate is made by the Trigger device specified by a corresponding signal.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Kontrolleinrichtung eine Funkeinrichtung, insbesondere eine Datenfunkeinrichtung, umfaßt, über die im Falle eines durch die Auswerteeinrichtung festgestellten nicht ordnungsgemäßen Betriebes des fahrzeuginternen Mautgeräts die Aufnahme des Nummemschildes des betroffenen Fahrzeugs und soweit erforderlich weitere Daten des jeweiligen Kontrollvorgangs an eine Kontrollzentrale übermittelbar ist. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es weiterhin zweckmäßig, wenn die Kontrolleinrichtung über eine Datenkompressionseinrichtung verfügt, damit die Datenübermittlung an die Kontrollzentrale in komprimierter Form erfolgen kann. Dadurch lassen sich die Kapazitätsanforderungen an die Übertragungskanäle und damit die Kosten der Datenübermittlung deutlich reduzieren.It is particularly advantageous if the control device is a radio device, in particular a data radio device, comprising, in the case of by the Evaluator noted improper operation of the in-vehicle toll unit recording the number plate of the affected vehicle Vehicle and, if necessary, further data of the respective inspection process a control center is transmitted. In this context it continues expedient if the control device via a data compression device has to allow data transmission to the control center in a compressed form can be done. This allows the capacity requirements to be met Transmission channels and thus significantly reduce the cost of data transmission.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kontrolleinrichtung besteht im wesentlichen aus elektronischen Komponenten, die wenig Bauvolumen erfordern und einen geringen Energieverbrauch aufweisen. Daher läßt sich diese Kontrolleinrichtung als kompakte gerätetechnische Einheit herstellen. Sie kann an festen Orten installiert werden, z. B. auf einem als Geräteträger dienenden Mast oder auch an einer über die jeweilige Straße führenden Brücke. Besonders vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf die Effektivität von stichprobenartig durchgeführten Kontrollvorgängen ist jedoch die Installation in einem Fahrzeug, so daß die Kontrolleinrichtung als mobiles Gerät an beliebigen Orten einsetzbar ist. Dies hat einerseits den Vorteil, daß mit einem einzigen Gerät eine Vielzahl von Kontrollpunkten bedient werden kann und daß andererseits sich die Benutzer der gebührenpflichtigen Wegstrecken nicht auf im voraus bekannte Kontrollpunkte einstellen zu können, um beispielsweise in der Weise als "Schwarzfahrer" unentdeckt zu bleiben, daß immer rechtzeitig vor solchen Kontrollpunkten ein ordnungsgemäßer Betrieb des Mautgeräts vorgenommen wird, während im übrigen das Mautgerät z. B. einfach abgeschaltet wird. Ein besonders hohes Maß an Einsatzflexibilität und Kontrolleffektivität läßt sich erreichen, wenn man die Kontrolleinrichtung so kompakt baut, daß es als Handgerät (ähnlich wie eine "Radar-Pistole" zur Geschwindigkeitskontrolle) einsetzbar ist.The control device according to the invention consists essentially of electronic Components that require little space and low energy consumption exhibit. Therefore, this control device can be as compact device technology Create unit. It can be installed in fixed locations, eg. B. on a as Device carrier serving mast or at one on the respective road leading Bridge. Particularly advantageous with regard to the effectiveness of random sampling However, carried out control operations is the installation in a vehicle, so that the control device can be used as a mobile device at any location. this has on the one hand the advantage that with a single device, a plurality of control points can be served and that on the other hand, the users of the fee To be unable to set routes to previously known checkpoints for example, in the way to remain undetected as a "dodger" that always in good time before such checkpoints a proper operation of the toll device is made while the rest of the toll device z. B. simply turned off becomes. A particularly high degree of versatility and control efficiency can be achieved reach, if one builds the control device so compactly that it as a portable device (similar to a "radar gun" for speed control) can be used.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es, mit einem vergleichsweise niedrigen Aufwand für den Bau und den Betrieb einer straßenseitigen Kontrolleinrichtung eine Überprüfung des ordnungsgemäßen Betriebes von satellitengestützten Mautgeräten in stichprobenartiger oder auch in lückenloser Form durchzuführen, wobei eine sehr hohe Sicherheit bezüglich der sachlichen Richtigkeit der durchgeführten Kontrollvorgänge erreichbar ist. Wesentlich dabei ist es, daß der dafür notwendige personelle Aufwand äußerst gering ist, da die Kontrollgänge praktisch in vollautomatisierter Form ablaufen.The present invention makes it possible with a comparatively low cost for the construction and operation of a roadside inspection facility Verification of the proper operation of satellite-based toll equipment in random or even complete, with a very high Security with regard to the factual accuracy of the inspections carried out is reachable. It is essential that the necessary human resources is extremely low, since the inspection runs virtually in fully automated form.
Anhand der in den beiden Figuren wiedergegebenen schematischen Darstellungen wird die vorliegende Erfindung nachfolgend exemplarisch näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Blockschema einer erfindungsgemäßen Kontrolleinrichtung und
Figur 2- eine schematisch Darstellung einer straßenseitig installierten Kontrolleinrichtung.
- FIG. 1
- a block diagram of a control device according to the invention and
- FIG. 2
- a schematic representation of a roadside installed control device.
Die in Figur 1 in Form von Funktionsblöcken dargestellte Kontrolleinrichtung 1 weist
eine Kommunikationseinrichtung 2 auf, die beispielsweise als.
Kurzstreckenfunkeinrichtung für eine Frequenz im Bereich von 5,8 GHz ausgebildet
ist. Ferner umfaßt die Kontrolleinrichtung 1 eine Klassifikationseinrichtung 3, deren
Sensorik einen elektronischen Bildsensor beinhaltet (z. B. in Form einer elektronischen
Kamera). Weiterhin verfügt die Kontrolleinrichtung 1 über eine Triggereinrichtung 4,
die signaltechnisch mit der Kommunikationseinrichtung 2 und der
Klassifikationseinrichtung 3 verbunden ist. An die Triggereinrichtung ist außerdem eine
Auswerteeinrichtung 5 und eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung 7 signaltechnisch
angeschlossen. Die Auswerteeinrichtung 5 besteht z. B. aus einem elektronischen
Rechner, der eine Plausibilitätsüberprüfung im Hinblick auf die Fahrzeugklasse des
gerade kontrollierten und die Kontrolleinrichtung passierenden Fahrzeugs vornimmt.
Hierzu vergleicht dieser Rechner diesbezügliche Informationen, die über die
Kommunikationseinrichtung 2 aus dem kontrollierten Fahrzeug bzw. von dessen
Mautgerät erhalten werden, mit den entsprechenden Informationen über das
passierende Fahrzeug, die von der Kontrolleinrichtung selbst ermittelt wurden, um die
betreffende Fahrzeugklasse festlegen zu können. Stellt die Auswerteeinrichtung 5 fest,
daß die in dem fahrzeuginternen Mautgerät angewendete Fahrzeugklasse eine andere
ist als die von der Kontrolleinrichtung 1 selbst ermittelte Fahrzeugklasse, dann wird ein
Signal erzeugt, das für den Zustand repräsentativ ist, daß das gerade passierende
Fahrzeug keine ordnungsgemäße Abrechnung von Streckennutzungsgebühren
vornimmt. Über die Triggereinrichtungen 4 wird dann ein entsprechendes Signal an die
Aufnahmeeinrichtung 7 gegeben, um eine das betroffene Fahrzeug identifizierende
Aufnahme zu machen. Diese Aufnahmeeinrichtung 7 ist beispielsweise als
elektronische Kamera ausgebildet. Diese kann vorteilhaft gleichzeitig auch als
Sensorik für die Klassifikationseinrichtung 3 benutzt werden.The
Für die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Kontrolleinrichtung 1 sinnvoll, aber nicht
zwingend erforderlich sind ein GPS-Empfänger 8, mit dem Signale des von dem
fahrzeugseitigen Mautgerät benutzten Navigationssatellitensystems empfangbar sind,
und eine z. B. als Datenfunkeinrichtung ausgebildete Funkeinrichtung 9, mit der die
gemachte Aufnahme des Fahrzeugs bzw. dessen Nummernschild zusammen mit
weiteren Informationen über das festgestellte Vorkommis an eine Kontrollzentrale auf
drahtlosen Wege übermittelbar sind. Diese Kontrollzentrale verfügt dann nach der
Übertragung über zuverlässiges Beweismaterial, auf dessen Basis der festgestellte
Rechtsverstoß des Fahrers des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs verfolgbar ist. Durch die
Informationen des GPS-Empfängers 8, die mit entsprechenden GPS-Informationen
verglichen werden können, die von der Kontrolleinrichtung 1 aus dem Fahrzeug
abgefragt werden, kann die Authentizität der abgefragten Daten vollständig
gewährleistet werden.For the function of the
In Figur 2 ist der Vorgang der Kontrolle durch die Kontrolleinrichtung 1 schematisch
dargestellt. Ein Fahrzeug 10, das mit einem Mautgerät 11 ausgestattet ist und ein das
Fahrzeug identifizierendes Nummernschild 6 trägt, fährt auf einer gebührenpflichtigen
Straße. Neben der Straße ist auf einem mobilen Ständer die erfindungsgemäße
Kontrolleinrichtung 1 aufgestellt. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 12 sind drei Satelliten eines
Navigationssatellitensystems dargestellt, die Signale aussenden, anhand deren eine
genaue zweidimensionale Bestimmung der Ortsposition des jeweiligen GPS-Empfängers
und somit der Fahrzeugposition möglich ist. Die Kontrolleinrichtung 1, die
selbstverständlich auch in einem Fahrzeug, das am Straßenrand abgestellt ist,
installiert sein könnte, spricht das Mautgerät 11 über seine
Kurzstreckenfunkeinrichtüng an und fragt die zur Feststellung der Ordnungsgemäßheit
des Betriebs des Mautgeräts 11 erforderlichen Daten ab. Sobald die
Kontrolleinrichtung 1 ein Fahrzeug 10 feststellt, bei dem die Plausibilitätsprüfung
hinsichtlich der Ordnungsgemäßheit zu einem negativen Ergebnis führt, wird über die
in Figur 2 nicht näher dargestellte Aufnahmeeinheit eine beweissichemde Aufnahme
des Fahrzeugs 10, vorzugsweise von dessen Nummernschild 6, angefertigt und z. B.
über eine in Figur 2 nicht näher dargestellte Funkeinrichtung an eine Kontrollzentrale
zur Weiterverfolgung des festgestellten Rechtsverstoßes übermittelt. Das betreffende
Fahrzeug kann dann an einer geeigneten Stelle (z: B. an einem Parkplatz oder an
einer Raststätte) von der Polizei aus dem Verkehr gezogen und der betreffende Fahrer
mit dem Beweismaterial konfrontiert werden. Bei dieser Gelegenheit kann dann
festgestellt werden, ob der nicht ordnungsgemäße Betrieb des Mautgeräts 11 auf einer
Manipulation oder auf ein technisches Versagen des Mautgeräts 11 beruht, welches
nicht vom Fahrer des Fahrzeugs 10 zu vertreten wäre.In Figure 2, the process of the control by the
Claims (14)
- Roadside monitoring device (1) for monitoring the regular operation of a toll instrument (11), which is installed in a vehicle (10) passing the monitoring device (1) and comprising an identifying number plate (6), wherein the toll instrument (11) executes a satellite-aided electronic toll settlement, and is equipped with the following devices:a communication device (2) for the wireless exchange of information between the monitoring device (1) and the toll instrument (11) in the passing vehicle (10),a trigger device (4) for the punctual activation of the devices (2, 3, 5, 7) of the monitoring device (1),a classification device (3) for associating the passing vehicle (10) with a predetermined vehicle category,an evaluation device (5) for checking the plausibility of the data from and via the passing vehicle (10) which are supplied by the communication device (2) and the classification device (3),and a recording device (7) for recording the number plate (6) of the passing vehicle (10), wherein, should there be no exchange of information between the communication device (2) and the toll instrument (11) of the passing vehicle (10), or should the result of the plausibility check be negative, a signal is transmitted by the evaluation device (5) via the trigger device (4) to the recording device (7) to record the number plate.
- Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 1,
characterised in that the communication device (2) is formed as a short-range radio device, e.g. DSRC, i.e. dedicated Short-Range Communication, in particular as a radio device for the frequency range from 2.4 to 5.8 GHz. - Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 1,
characterised in that the communication device (2) is formed as a terminal for a cellular mobile radio network or radio data network, in particular according to the GSM standard, or for the Mobitex system. - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterised in that the communication device (2) is adapted for conducting the dialogue with the vehicle (10) in encoded form. - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterised in that the classification device (3) comprises a sensor system which operates according to an acoustic or optical measurement principle. - Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 5,
characterised in that the sensor system of the classification device (3) comprises an electronic image sensor. - Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 6,
characterised in that the classification device (3) operates according to the optical correlation principle. - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterised in that the trigger device (4) comprises an image sensor with downstream image processing or a radar sensor or a laser sensor. - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 8,
characterised in that the evaluation device (5) is adapted for comparing the vehicle category which is transmitted via the communication device (2) by the toll instrument (11) of the vehicle (10) with the vehicle category which is established by the classification device (3). - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9,
characterised in that the recording device (7) comprises an electronic camera. - Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 10,
characterised in that the electronic camera of the recording device (7) is physically identical with an electronic camera which forms the sensor system of the classification device (3). - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11,
characterised in that the monitoring device (1) comprises a receiver for the satellite navigation system (12) which is used by the toll instrument (11), and the evaluation device (5) is adapted for comparing self-established data with the data of the satellite navigation system (12) which are retrieved from the toll instrument (11) and which can be routed via the communication device (2) to the evaluation device (5). - Monitoring device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 12,
characterised in that the monitoring device (1) comprises a radio device (9), in particular a radio data device, via which, should it be ascertained through the evaluation device (5) that the toll instrument (11) is not operating regularly, the recording of the number plate (6) of the vehicle (10) can be transmitted to a control centre. - Monitoring device (1) according to Claim 13,
characterised in that the monitoring device (1) comprises a data compression device for transmitting data to the control centre in compressed form.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19828913 | 1998-06-18 | ||
| DE19828913 | 1998-06-18 | ||
| PCT/DE1999/001586 WO1999066455A2 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-05-26 | Roadside control device for a toll apparatus installed in a motor vehicle |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1088286A2 EP1088286A2 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
| EP1088286B1 true EP1088286B1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| EP1088286B2 EP1088286B2 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Family
ID=7872351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99936355A Expired - Lifetime EP1088286B2 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-05-26 | Roadside control device for a toll apparatus installed in a motor vehicle |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6892942B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1088286B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3711371B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1148703C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE275278T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU760844B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9912167A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2335182C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ298191B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE59910402D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2223176T5 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0101871A2 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID26633A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL140149A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20006436L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ508230A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL195316B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2210110C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999066455A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200007516B (en) |
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| EP2624219A3 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2017-01-11 | Telit Automotive Solutions NV | System and method for verifying whether a vehicle is equipped with a functional on-board unit |
| DE102015120533A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | Wolfsburg Ag | Device and method for acoustic traffic data acquisition |
| WO2021110676A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Saf-Holland Gmbh | System for checking the operating state of a component on a vehicle, and method for checking an operating state |
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- 1999-05-26 HU HU0101871A patent/HUP0101871A2/en unknown
- 1999-05-26 RU RU2001101897/09A patent/RU2210110C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-26 AU AU51508/99A patent/AU760844B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-05-26 DE DE59910402T patent/DE59910402D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 CZ CZ20004730A patent/CZ298191B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-26 ID IDW20002623A patent/ID26633A/en unknown
- 1999-05-26 CA CA002335182A patent/CA2335182C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 US US09/719,933 patent/US6892942B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 IL IL14014999A patent/IL140149A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-26 AT AT99936355T patent/ATE275278T1/en active
- 1999-05-26 PL PL99345888A patent/PL195316B1/en unknown
- 1999-05-26 JP JP2000555208A patent/JP3711371B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-26 ES ES99936355T patent/ES2223176T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 CN CNB998074055A patent/CN1148703C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-26 DE DE19981107T patent/DE19981107D2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-26 BR BR9912167-0A patent/BR9912167A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-26 EP EP99936355A patent/EP1088286B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 NZ NZ508230A patent/NZ508230A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-26 WO PCT/DE1999/001586 patent/WO1999066455A2/en active IP Right Grant
-
2000
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- 2000-12-15 NO NO20006436A patent/NO20006436L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006024729A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-11-29 | Siemens Ag | Method for checking the function of a mobile detection unit |
| DE102006054981B3 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-06-19 | Rtb Gmbh & Co. Kg | Classification device for vehicles, comprises measuring unit and trigger unit, where trigger unit determines time point at which vehicle has reached defined position with respect to classification device |
| EP2624219A3 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2017-01-11 | Telit Automotive Solutions NV | System and method for verifying whether a vehicle is equipped with a functional on-board unit |
| DE102015120533A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | Wolfsburg Ag | Device and method for acoustic traffic data acquisition |
| DE102015120533B4 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-27 | Wolfsburg Ag | Device and method for acoustic traffic data acquisition |
| WO2021110676A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Saf-Holland Gmbh | System for checking the operating state of a component on a vehicle, and method for checking an operating state |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002518753A (en) | 2002-06-25 |
| US6892942B1 (en) | 2005-05-17 |
| PL195316B1 (en) | 2007-08-31 |
| EP1088286B2 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
| ID26633A (en) | 2001-01-25 |
| CN1305621A (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| RU2210110C2 (en) | 2003-08-10 |
| ES2223176T3 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CZ298191B6 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| DE19981107D2 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
| HUP0101871A2 (en) | 2001-09-28 |
| DE59910402D1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
| CZ20004730A3 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
| CA2335182A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
| WO1999066455A3 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
| EP1088286A2 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
| ZA200007516B (en) | 2003-02-04 |
| ATE275278T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| IL140149A0 (en) | 2002-02-10 |
| JP3711371B2 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
| ES2223176T5 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
| AU760844B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
| AU5150899A (en) | 2000-01-05 |
| CN1148703C (en) | 2004-05-05 |
| PL345888A1 (en) | 2002-01-14 |
| BR9912167A (en) | 2001-04-10 |
| NZ508230A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
| CA2335182C (en) | 2008-01-29 |
| NO20006436D0 (en) | 2000-12-15 |
| WO1999066455A2 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
| NO20006436L (en) | 2001-02-01 |
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