EP1085532B1 - Actionneur électromagnétique muni de deux ressorts de rappel - Google Patents

Actionneur électromagnétique muni de deux ressorts de rappel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1085532B1
EP1085532B1 EP00410104A EP00410104A EP1085532B1 EP 1085532 B1 EP1085532 B1 EP 1085532B1 EP 00410104 A EP00410104 A EP 00410104A EP 00410104 A EP00410104 A EP 00410104A EP 1085532 B1 EP1085532 B1 EP 1085532B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
stop
movable assembly
rest position
active position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00410104A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1085532A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Baginski
Daniel Rota
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP1085532A1 publication Critical patent/EP1085532A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1085532B1 publication Critical patent/EP1085532B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a trigger of an electrical switchgear.
  • FIG. 7 represents an actuator known from the state of the art.
  • This actuator 110 comprises a fixed magnetic circuit 112 of ferromagnetic material formed by a carcass, closed at one of its ends on a fixed core 122.
  • a mobile assembly 114 is able to slide parallel to a fixed geometric axis and comprises a movable core 116 and a rod 118 associated with the movable core and axially through an opening of the fixed core 122.
  • a compression coil spring 140 recalls the movable assembly 114 to a rest position.
  • a winding with two fixed windings 130, 132 is mounted inside the carcass and surrounds the movable core 116. This winding is able to generate in the magnetic circuit a magnetic control flux so as to drive the moving element towards the fixed core, against the action of the spring 140 to an active position.
  • Such a device is conventionally used in current release trip units (MX) as well as as closing electromagnet (XF) of a circuit breaker.
  • MX current release trip units
  • XF closing electromagnet
  • a inrush current flowing in the two coils 130, 132 causes the displacement of the movable core 116 and, consequently, of the rod 118 which then protrudes outwards, allowing either the opening of the associated circuit breaker in the case of a current release trigger (MX), or its closure in the case of a closing electromagnet (XF). It is thus the electromagnetic energy provided by the coils 130, 132 during the call phase that causes the circuit breaker to operate.
  • the rod 118 must be able to perform the mechanical work necessary for the displacement of the latch with which it is associated, this work corresponding to the energy supplied by the winding 130, 132 in the calling phase.
  • the call phase is followed by a holding phase during which only one of the two coils 130, 132 is energized.
  • a minimum axial gap is maintained by the interposition of a spacer 141 between the movable core and the fixed core.
  • the voltage is below a dropout threshold, the current flow in the winding is interrupted and the movable core 116 is spaced from the fixed core under the action of the spring 140.
  • the passage in this position having no action on the circuit breaker, the power of the spring is relatively indifferent in this phase.
  • the spacer 141 makes it possible to avoid that when the supply of the coil ceases, the movable core 116 remains "glued" to the fixed core 122 by the effect of remanence of the magnetic circuit.
  • the sizing of the various elements, in particular the spring and the minimum gap in the active position is difficult.
  • the potential energy of the contracted spring which alone ensures the return to the rest position, must be large enough to overcome the remanent magnetic energy.
  • the presence of the air gap makes it possible to limit the bonding effect but it induces a risk of inadvertent takeoff, that is to say of involuntary return towards the rest position, in particular in response to a mechanical shock on the rod or of a significant vibration of the moving equipment. If one chooses to decrease the air gap, it is then necessary to increase consequently the potential energy of the return spring, so that one also increases the energy of call necessary to bring the mobile equipment in active position .
  • the effect of the spring with less stiffness is preponderant, so that the mobile equipment is subjected to a significant acceleration.
  • the kinetic energy accumulated by the moving equipment is important.
  • the axial air gap is reduced, so that during the second phase of the activation, the contraction of the second spring is possible.
  • the zero air gap between the mobile core and the fixed core contributes to a reduction in the power supply of the winding necessary to maintain the actuator in the active position. It ensures a better resistance to shocks and mechanical vibrations.
  • the increase in the magnetic remanence effect resulting from the absence of an air gap is compensated by the second spring.
  • the first spring is disposed between the fixed core and the movable stop
  • the second spring is disposed between the movable stop and the moving assembly, so that in the first part of the race, both springs cooperate in series, and that in the second part of the race, only the second spring continues to work.
  • k 1 is the stiffness of the first spring and k 2 that of the second spring
  • the stiffness of the system in the first phase is k 1 k 2 / (k 1 + k 2 ), which value will be all the closer to k 1 that k 2 will be large in front of k 1 .
  • the stiffness of the system is worth k 2 .
  • This series assembly is particularly interesting when it is sought to reduce in priority the radial dimensions of the actuator and the diameter of the coil.
  • the first spring is disposed between the fixed core and the moving element while the second spring is disposed between the fixed core and the second stop, so that in the first part of the race, the first spring is alone to work and that in the second part of the race, the two springs cooperate in parallel.
  • the stiffness in the first phase is then k 1
  • the stiffness in the second phase is k 1 + k 2 , a value all the closer to k 2 that k 2 will be large before k 1 .
  • the ratio k 1 / k 2 is less than 1/10, for example of the order of 1/20. It is clear that the displacement / force characteristic that two springs obtain is more sliced than could be offered by a single spring of variable stiffness, which makes it possible to respond optimally to the non-linearity and the remanence of the magnetic circuit. , by implementing only standard parts of reduced cost.
  • a high-sensitivity electromagnetic actuator 10 for an electric circuit-breaker comprises a non-polarized fixed magnetic circuit 12, cooperating with a mobile element 14 formed by a sliding mobile core 16 associated with an actuating member 18 made of material nonmagnetic.
  • the magnetic circuit is formed by a frame-shaped ferromagnetic frame 20, enclosing on one side a fixed core 22 of ferromagnetic material, and on the opposite side on a tubular sleeve 24 of ferromagnetic material extending axially. inwardly of the carcass 20 and surrounding a portion of the movable core 16 with the interposition of a uniform radial gap.
  • the fixed core 22 has an axial through bore widening towards the inside of the carcass by a first recess 25 and a second recess 26.
  • Two control coils 30, 32 are mounted coaxially end to end in a cylindrical sleeve 34 of insulating material, inside the carcass 20.
  • the actuating member 18 consists of a holding rod 36 and a push rod 38 arranged axially in the extension of one another and separated by a collar 39.
  • the tubular sheath 24 and the bore of the fixed core 22 determine a geometric axis for guiding the moving element.
  • the movable core 16 slides axially inside the sheath 24 between a rest position and an active position.
  • the movable core is provided with an axial through bore, for housing the holding rod 36 of the actuating member 18.
  • the bore of the movable core forms, on the side facing the fixed core 22, a bearing surface serving seat at the collar 39 of the actuating member 18.
  • the push rod 38 extends outside the carcass through the fixed core 22.
  • the bore of the fixed core 22 forms an axial guide for the push rod 38.
  • the push rod 38 is intended to cooperate, directly or by via a firing pin fitted at its end, with a latch (not shown) of a mechanism of a circuit breaker.
  • the first recess 25 of the fixed core 22 forms a seat on which rests one end of a first compression return spring 40 and a housing for the spring 40.
  • the other end of the spring 40 is supported on a washer 42 free of move axially on the push rod 38.
  • the second recess 26 of the fixed core 22 forms a bearing for the washer 42 between the intermediate position of Figure 2 and the active position of Figure 3.
  • a second compression spring 44 carries by a end on the collar 39 of the actuating member and the other end on the washer 42.
  • the first spring 40 has a stiffness whose value k 1 is much lower than the stiffness k 2 of the second spring 44.
  • the ratio k 1 / k 2 is less than 1/10, for example of the order of 1 / 20.
  • the two control coils 30, 32 are part of an excitation circuit 48 of known type visible in FIG. 4, and described for example in the document FR-A-2 290 009 , with a rectifier bridge with four elements 50, Graetz type, allowing indifferently a DC or AC power supply.
  • a first of the two coils, called the call coil 30, in thick wire, is placed in the so-called diagonal DC of the bridge.
  • the other diagonal is coupled to the DC or AC power source via an isolation contact 52.
  • the other coil, called the hold coil 32, in fine wire is connected in parallel on the branch of the circuit consisting of the bridge 50 and the isolation contact 52.
  • a general contact 54 conditions the supply of the circuit.
  • the isolation contact 52 closed at the commissioning of the actuator and open when the moving equipment has arrived in the vicinity of its active position, conditions the power supply of the bridge. It can be of any known type, mechanical or electronic switching, the main thing is that, from the commissioning of the circuit, it closes during the call period and opens at the moment when the race of the mobile core is substantially completed. We will refer to the document FR-A-2 290 009 for a more precise description of an isolation contact.
  • FIG. 5 schematizes as a function of the stroke of the moving element on the abscissa, the electromagnetic force exerted on the movable core (curve 60), the opposing force of the latch of the circuit breaker on the striker rod (curve 62) and the resistant action of the springs (curve 64), in the ordinate.
  • the closure of the main contact 54 and the isolation contact 52 causes the two coils 30, 32 to be energized.
  • the magnetic flux generates forces that propel the mobile core 16 to the right in FIGS. 1 to 3. These electromagnetic forces are transmitted integrally to the actuating member 18 and then to the washer 42 via the second spring 44, then to the fixed core 22 via the first spring 40.
  • the two springs 40, 44 are subjected to the same forces - If we neglect the very small mass of the washer 42 - but the deformation of the first spring 40 is preponderant compared to that of the second spring 44, due to the difference in stiffness.
  • the equivalent stiffness of the assembly constituted by the two springs in this phase is indeed k 1 k 2 / (k 1 + k 2 ), a value which will be all the closer to k 1 as k 2 will be large in front of k 1 .
  • the following 2 to 3 mm of travel to the abscissa B are the useful stroke during which the end of the push rod hits a bolt lock.
  • a circuit breaker mechanism and causes it to pivot.
  • This lock can be an opening lock, if the actuator is integrated with a current release trigger (MX), or a closing lock, if the actuator is integrated in a closing command (XF).
  • MX current release trigger
  • XF closing command
  • it is therefore the electromagnetic energy supplied by the excitation circuit, and possibly partly the kinetic energy accumulated during the previous dead stroke and transmitted during the percussion, which cause the change of state. lock.
  • the counteracting action of the spring system 40, 44 is very low, because of its low equivalent stiffness.
  • the first spring is housed entirely in the first recess 25 of the fixed core 22 and the washer 42 abuts contact with the bearing formed by the second recess 26.
  • the behavior of the device changes.
  • the further movement of the moving element 14 towards its active position, at the abscissa E corresponding to the position shown in FIG. 3, causes additional deformation of the only second spring 44, and the equivalent stiffness of the system is equal to the stiffness k 2 of the second spring 44, hence the change in slope of the curve 64.
  • the axial air gap between the movable core 16 and the fixed core 22 is reduced to zero in FIG.
  • the isolation contact 52 opens at the abscissa D, so that only the holding coil 32 remains energized, generating a magnetic flux sufficient to hold the moving element 14 in position. active, against the cumulative force of the first spring 40 and the second spring 44 which is housed in the second recess 26.
  • the potential energy of the second spring 44 is sufficient to cause the detachment of the movable core 16 despite the remanent field in the magnetic circuit 12.
  • the first spring 40 while relaxing, provides residual mechanical work necessary for the return of the mobile assembly 14 to its rest position.
  • the excitation circuit can take any known form allowing the application of a high power sufficient to drive the moving equipment from its rest position to its active position during a call phase, then a lower power, sufficient for keeping the moving element in the active position during a holding phase.
  • the end of the call phase can be slaved to the displacement of the moving equipment, as described for example in the first embodiment, or not, as described for example in the document FR-A-2 133 652 .
  • the windings can be connected in series rather than in parallel, as described in the document FR-A-2 290 010 .
  • the excitation difference between the two phases can also be obtained with a single coil, which can be controlled by the network during the call phase and then in chopped form by a pulse generator in the holding phase.
  • the two springs can be arranged in various ways to obtain the desired differentiation between the first part of the race, during which the set of two springs behaves as a spring whose characteristic is approximately or exactly equal to that of the spring of lower stiffness, and the second part of the race, during which the set of two springs behaves as a spring whose characteristic is approximately or exactly equal to that of the spring of greater stiffness.
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents an alternative embodiment, in the rest position, in the intermediate position and in the active position.
  • the lower stiffness spring 40 is alone to work during the first part of the race while in the second part of the race the two springs 40, 44 work in parallel, with an equivalent stiffness k 1 + k 2 , which is as much closer to k 2 as this last value is large in front of k 1 .
  • the washer 42 serves as a movable stop and cooperates with a stop constituted by a recess of the movable core 16.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP00410104A 1999-09-15 2000-08-30 Actionneur électromagnétique muni de deux ressorts de rappel Expired - Lifetime EP1085532B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9911696 1999-09-15
FR9911696A FR2798506B1 (fr) 1999-09-15 1999-09-15 Actionneur electromagnetique muni de deux ressorts de rappel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1085532A1 EP1085532A1 (fr) 2001-03-21
EP1085532B1 true EP1085532B1 (fr) 2007-08-01

Family

ID=9550008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00410104A Expired - Lifetime EP1085532B1 (fr) 1999-09-15 2000-08-30 Actionneur électromagnétique muni de deux ressorts de rappel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6265957B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1085532B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2001103724A (ja)
DE (1) DE60035748T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2798506B1 (ja)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60035748D1 (de) 2007-09-13
EP1085532A1 (fr) 2001-03-21
FR2798506A1 (fr) 2001-03-16
DE60035748T2 (de) 2008-04-24
FR2798506B1 (fr) 2001-11-09
US6265957B1 (en) 2001-07-24
JP2001103724A (ja) 2001-04-13

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