EP1085260A1 - Evaporateur - Google Patents

Evaporateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1085260A1
EP1085260A1 EP00118332A EP00118332A EP1085260A1 EP 1085260 A1 EP1085260 A1 EP 1085260A1 EP 00118332 A EP00118332 A EP 00118332A EP 00118332 A EP00118332 A EP 00118332A EP 1085260 A1 EP1085260 A1 EP 1085260A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporation
liquid
evaporation body
evaporated
evaporator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00118332A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Cwik
Andreas Ebert
Oskar Lamla
Martin Schüssler
Thomas Stefanovski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Fuel Cell GmbH
Original Assignee
Xcellsis AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19947923A external-priority patent/DE19947923B4/de
Application filed by Xcellsis AG filed Critical Xcellsis AG
Publication of EP1085260A1 publication Critical patent/EP1085260A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
    • B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
    • B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/22—Vaporising devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for vaporizing Liquids according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • DE 44 26 692 C1 is a two-stage evaporator unit known in the form of a plate heat exchanger in which Alternate plates with evaporator rooms and heat transfer rooms.
  • the required heat of vaporization is transferred to the heat transfer medium using a heat transfer medium, for example a hot one Thermal oil, introduced.
  • heat transfer medium for example a hot one Thermal oil, introduced.
  • heat is known directly in the heat transfer medium through a catalytic Implementation of a fuel to generate.
  • DE 197 20 294 C1 describes a reforming reactor known with an upstream, generic evaporator.
  • the reactor comprises a surface of the reaction zone adjacent evaporation body with porous, thermally conductive Structure to provide the gas mixture to be reformed by mixing and evaporating the supplied Gas mixture components.
  • an evaporator in the form of a porous, flowed over and directly catalytically heated evaporation body shows in terms of mass, volume and cost significant benefits. So you can add additional training Rooms for the provision of the necessary evaporation energy be completely dispensed with. Training as overflowing flat layer enables the integration of the Evaporator in known plate reactors.
  • the porous body forms a high wettable surface that has a good Guaranteed heat input into the liquid. Because of the porous structure are the mechanical stresses that occur when evaporating less than, for example, a flat one massive sheet metal.
  • the vertical arrangement of the surfaces and the introduction of the liquid to be evaporated in the upper area of the evaporation body has the advantage that gravity Distribution of the liquid to be evaporated within the Evaporation body can be used.
  • the division of the Evaporation body into an upper evaporation layer and one lower heating layer has the advantage that the pores cannot fill the catalyst material with liquid, which would lead to an impairment of the function.
  • the overall designated 1 device for vaporizing Liquids contains a porous, thermally conductive evaporation body 2. At least a surface 3 of the evaporation body 2 is gaseous Oxidizing agents, preferably air or oxygen, overflows. On the surface opposite surface 3 the evaporation body 2 has a gas impermeable Layer 4 on.
  • the evaporation body 2 further contains catalyst material shown schematically as dots Liquid to be evaporated becomes the surface 3 of the evaporation body 2 fed. The necessary evaporation energy is caused by an exothermic reaction of a fuel with the diffusing into the evaporation body 2 Oxidizing agent on the catalyst material 5 contained therein provided.
  • the fuel can be the Act liquid to be evaporated yourself. Alternatively, you can however, an additional fuel can also be supplied, and both in liquid and partially or completely in gaseous form. Since the evaporator body 2 on the Surface 3 opposite surface one has gas-impermeable layer 4, the resulting flows Gas back into the overflowing the evaporation body 2 Oxidizing agent and together with this from the Evaporator 1 removed.
  • the evaporation body preferably has 2 macropores a size in the range of 0.1 to 10 microns. It can preferably by pressing catalyst material 5 into a thin one and large-area, highly compressed layer become. To the catalyst material 5 better mechanical Stability or an improved thermal conductivity to lend, the catalyst material 5 in a support structure be pressed. This is the support structure preferably a mesh-like matrix, which by mixing the catalyst material 5 with a metal powder and subsequently pressing this mixture can. The production of such a porous, catalyst material containing body is for example from the DE-A-19743673 known.
  • the porous evaporation body 2 forms a high wettability Surface that has a good heat input into the liquid guaranteed. Because of the porous structure, the ones that occur mechanical stresses during evaporation less than, for example in a flat, solid sheet.
  • the liquid to be evaporated can be anywhere be introduced into the evaporator 1. Alternatively it is possible the liquid already in the oxidant stream bring upstream of the evaporator 1. Preferably the liquid to be evaporated using an injection nozzle the surface 3 of the evaporation body 2 sprayed. In the Drawing only the principle of the evaporator 1 is shown. It lies in the area of professional skill, however suitable housing with supply and discharge lines for the media to provide. Furthermore, it is also possible to use several vaporization bodies 2 form a stacking arrangement as is generally from reactor technology and especially for pressed Catalyst disks from the unpublished patent application DE 198 32 625.4 of the applicant is known.
  • an evaporation body 2 according to the invention Farther it is possible to use an evaporation body 2 according to the invention with other pressed catalyst layers, which are used to carry out other catalytic reactions are suitable, too to connect an entire system in the form of a plate reactor.
  • Such an overall system is, for example, a gas generation system for fuel cell systems, in which a hydrogen-containing raw fuel is a hydrogen-rich one Gas is generated for use in fuel cells.
  • a hydrogen-containing raw fuel is a hydrogen-rich one Gas is generated for use in fuel cells.
  • high demands are made in mobile applications Relative to mass, volume, costs and dynamics. This Requirements can be met by an evaporator according to the invention to be fulfilled to an improved extent.
  • the function of the evaporator 1 described can advantageously improved through the use of gravity become.
  • the liquid supplied is namely the one shown in Fig. 1 arrangement shown by gravity from the surface 3 coming forth into the evaporation body 2.
  • the hot and thus lighter gas that arises then flows against it of gravity towards the surface 3 and transmits already thermal energy on the inflowing Liquid.
  • FIG. 3 Another preferred exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the entire evaporation body 2 is not with catalyst material 5 provided, but the evaporation body 2 is divided into two layers 2a and 2b. Both layers 2a, 2b are porous.
  • the adjacent to the surface 3 and Layer 2a designed as an evaporation layer has In contrast to that adjacent to the gas-impermeable layer 4
  • Layer 2b has no catalyst material 5.
  • Layer 2b serves here as a catalytic heating layer in which the oxidizing agent and the fuel for generating the required thermal energy is implemented. The heat is then on the one hand Heat conduction from Schuschciht 2b to the neighboring one Evaporation layer 2a transferred.
  • a preferred application example for an inventive Evaporator is used in a gas generation system for mobile fuel cell systems.
  • a gas generation system is, as already shown above, from a hydrogen-containing raw fuel is a hydrogen-rich gas generated for use in fuel cells.
  • the evaporator 1 as the oxidant oxygen, preferably in the form of ambient air.
  • hydrogenated Raw fuel is preferably methanol.
  • any other fuels can also be used, in particular Hydrocarbons are used.
  • Fuel can be used for the evaporator 1. That evaporated Methanol and the air emerge from the evaporator 1 and will be replaced by a partial oxidation reaction to a hydrogen-rich gas implemented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
EP00118332A 1999-09-15 2000-08-24 Evaporateur Withdrawn EP1085260A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944184 1999-09-15
DE19944184 1999-09-15
DE19947923A DE19947923B4 (de) 1999-09-15 1999-10-06 Plattenreaktor eines Gaserzeugungssystems für ein Brennstoffzellensystem
DE19947923 1999-10-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1085260A1 true EP1085260A1 (fr) 2001-03-21

Family

ID=26054960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00118332A Withdrawn EP1085260A1 (fr) 1999-09-15 2000-08-24 Evaporateur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6644246B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1085260A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001153469A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2811589A1 (fr) * 2000-07-11 2002-01-18 Xcellsis Gmbh Dispositif pour effectuer une reaction a catalyse sur solide
WO2006103998A2 (fr) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-05 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Dispositif de vaporisation et element d'absorption de liquide
FR2896494A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-27 Renault Sas Dispositif pour la production d'hydrogene
US7490580B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2009-02-17 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vaporizer that vaporizes a liquid to generate vapor
WO2009071698A1 (fr) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh Élément pour transfert de chaleur et/ou mise en oeuvre technique de réaction et procédé de production dudit élément
DE10314483B4 (de) * 2003-03-31 2010-02-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelle sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10231883B4 (de) * 2002-07-12 2008-01-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferanordnung, insbesondere zur Erzeugung eines in einem Reformer zur Wasserstoffgewinnung zersetzbaren Kohlenwasserstoff/Mischmaterial-Gemisches
JP2004149402A (ja) * 2002-10-10 2004-05-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 水素生成器とそれを備える燃料電池システム
JP5130684B2 (ja) * 2006-09-27 2013-01-30 カシオ計算機株式会社 反応装置及び電子機器
JP4730348B2 (ja) * 2007-07-17 2011-07-20 三菱マテリアル株式会社 液体浸透板および加熱気化装置
US9486309B2 (en) * 2014-04-25 2016-11-08 Allergan, Inc. Lighter weight implant

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069005A (en) * 1976-03-16 1978-01-17 Narayanaswami Palani Method and apparatus for producing heat
US4089303A (en) * 1975-06-03 1978-05-16 Andre Brulfert Boiler or vapor generator using catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons
US4273560A (en) * 1978-08-30 1981-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating combustion devices
US4388892A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-06-21 Rody Marc P N Process and apparatus for generation of steam via catalytic combustion
US4795618A (en) * 1984-09-26 1989-01-03 Michael Laumen Heat exchanger
DE3729114A1 (de) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Katalytischer oxidationsreaktor fuer gasgemische
DE4426692C1 (de) 1994-07-28 1995-09-14 Daimler Benz Ag Zweistufige Verdampfereinheit für einen Reaktant-Massenstrom und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
DE19720294C1 (de) 1997-05-15 1998-12-10 Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh Reformierungsreaktor und Betriebsverfahren hierfür

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364071A (en) * 1963-04-10 1968-01-16 Union Carbide Corp Fuel cell with capillary supply means
DE1546717C3 (de) * 1964-05-14 1974-06-27 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Elektrochemische Zelle
EP0120968B1 (fr) 1982-09-30 1988-06-29 Dainihon Jochugiku Co., Ltd. Appareil de volatilisation thermique d'un agent medicinal
DE19743673C2 (de) 1997-10-02 2002-05-08 Xcellsis Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Wasserstofferzeugung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators
DE19832625C2 (de) 1998-07-21 2001-05-17 Xcellsis Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stapelreaktors und Stapelreaktor zur Wasserstofferzeugung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen
DE19847213C1 (de) 1998-10-13 2000-02-10 Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh Verdampfereinheit

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4089303A (en) * 1975-06-03 1978-05-16 Andre Brulfert Boiler or vapor generator using catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons
US4069005A (en) * 1976-03-16 1978-01-17 Narayanaswami Palani Method and apparatus for producing heat
US4273560A (en) * 1978-08-30 1981-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating combustion devices
US4388892A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-06-21 Rody Marc P N Process and apparatus for generation of steam via catalytic combustion
US4795618A (en) * 1984-09-26 1989-01-03 Michael Laumen Heat exchanger
DE3729114A1 (de) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Katalytischer oxidationsreaktor fuer gasgemische
DE4426692C1 (de) 1994-07-28 1995-09-14 Daimler Benz Ag Zweistufige Verdampfereinheit für einen Reaktant-Massenstrom und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
DE19720294C1 (de) 1997-05-15 1998-12-10 Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh Reformierungsreaktor und Betriebsverfahren hierfür

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2811589A1 (fr) * 2000-07-11 2002-01-18 Xcellsis Gmbh Dispositif pour effectuer une reaction a catalyse sur solide
US7490580B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2009-02-17 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vaporizer that vaporizes a liquid to generate vapor
DE10314483B4 (de) * 2003-03-31 2010-02-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelle sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben
WO2006103998A2 (fr) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-05 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Dispositif de vaporisation et element d'absorption de liquide
WO2006103998A3 (fr) * 2005-03-29 2007-04-26 Casio Computer Co Ltd Dispositif de vaporisation et element d'absorption de liquide
US7712729B2 (en) 2005-03-29 2010-05-11 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Vaporizing device and liquid absorbing member
FR2896494A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-27 Renault Sas Dispositif pour la production d'hydrogene
WO2009071698A1 (fr) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh Élément pour transfert de chaleur et/ou mise en oeuvre technique de réaction et procédé de production dudit élément

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6644246B1 (en) 2003-11-11
JP2001153469A (ja) 2001-06-08

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