EP1084295B1 - A process for the production of paper - Google Patents
A process for the production of paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1084295B1 EP1084295B1 EP99947042A EP99947042A EP1084295B1 EP 1084295 B1 EP1084295 B1 EP 1084295B1 EP 99947042 A EP99947042 A EP 99947042A EP 99947042 A EP99947042 A EP 99947042A EP 1084295 B1 EP1084295 B1 EP 1084295B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- group
- cationic
- monomer
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 0 *C(C(*BN*)=O)=C Chemical compound *C(C(*BN*)=O)=C 0.000 description 5
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
- D21H23/06—Controlling the addition
- D21H23/08—Controlling the addition by measuring pulp properties, e.g. zeta potential, pH
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
- D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/14—Secondary fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/01—Waste products, e.g. sludge
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/31—Gums
- D21H17/32—Guar or other polygalactomannan gum
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
- D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
- D21H17/455—Nitrogen-containing groups comprising tertiary amine or being at least partially quaternised
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
- D21H23/06—Controlling the addition
- D21H23/08—Controlling the addition by measuring pulp properties, e.g. zeta potential, pH
- D21H23/10—Controlling the addition by measuring pulp properties, e.g. zeta potential, pH at least two kinds of compounds being added
Definitions
- an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers and additives referred to as stock
- a headbox which ejects the stock onto a forming wire.
- Water is drained from the stock through the forming wire so that a wet web of paper is formed on the wire, and the web is further dewatered and dried in the drying section of the paper machine.
- white water which usually contains fine particles, e.g. fine fibres, fillers and additives, is usually recirculated in the papermaking process.
- the process further comprises forming and dewatering the suspension on a wire to obtain a wet web containing cellulosic fibres, or paper, and white water, recirculating the white water and optionally introducing fresh water to form a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, to be dewatered to form paper, wherein the amount of fresh water introduced is less than 30 tons per ton of dry paper produced.
- the cationic organic polymer having a hydrophobic group according to this invention can be linear, branched or cross-linked, e.g. in the form of a microparticulate material, preferably essentially linear.
- the main polymer is water-soluble or water-dispersable.
- the hydrophobic group of the main polymer is non-aromatic and it can be a pendent group attached to the polymer backbone (main chain) or, preferably, a hydrophobic group attached to a heteroatorn, e.g. nitrogen or oxygen, the nitrogen optionally being charged, which heteroatom, in turn, can be attached to the polymer backbone, for example via a chain of atoms.
- n-hexyl and cyclohexyl heptyl, e.g. n-heptyl and cycloheptyl, octyl, e.g. n-octyl; nonyl, e.g. n-nonyl; decyl, e.g. n-decyl; undecyl, e.g. n-undecyl and dodecyl, e.g. n-dodecyl.
- the linear and branched chain alkyl groups are generally preferred.
- the main polymer can be selected from homopolymers and copolymers prepared from one or more monomers comprising at least one monomer having a hydrophobic group, suitably an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and the main polymer is preferably a vinyl addition polymer.
- the cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group is represented by the general formula (I): wherein R 1 is H or CH 3 ; R 2 and R 3 are each H or, preferably, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, suitably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a hydroxy propylene group; R 4 is a substituent containing a hydrophobic group, suitably a non-aromatic hydrocarbon group containing at least 2 carbon atoms, suitably from 3 to 12 and preferably from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; and X - is an anionic counterion, usually a halide like chloride.
- R 1 is H or CH 3
- R 2 and R 3 are each H or, preferably, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms
- A is O or
- the group R 4 usually comprises and, preferably, is selected from any of the linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups mentioned above and the total number of carbon atoms of the groups R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is usually at least 4, suitably at least 5 and preferably at least 6.
- Suitable cationic monomers having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group include (meth)acryloxyethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-n-butylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxyaminoethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-n-butylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxypropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-t-butylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxyaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-t-butylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxyaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-n-hexylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxyethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-n-hexylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloxyethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-n-hexylammonium chloride, (
- the main polymer can be a homopolymer prepared from a cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group or a copolymer prepared from a monomer mixture comprising a cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group and one or more copolymerizable monomers.
- suitable copolymerizable monomers of this type include (meth)-acrylamide; acrylamide-based monomers like N-alkyl (meth)acrylamides and N,N-dialkyl (meth)acrylamides, e.g. N-n-propylacrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-n-butyl (meth)acrylamide, N-isobutyl (meth)acrylamide and N-t-butyl (meth)acrylamide; and dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides, e.g.
- Preferred copolymerizable non-ionic monomers include acrylamide and methacrylamide, i.e. (meth)acrylamide, and the main polymer is preferably an acrylamide-based polymer.
- Suitable copolymerizable cationic monomers include the monomers represented by the general formula (III): wherein R 1 is H or CH 3 ; R 2 and R 3 are each H or, preferably, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, suitably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a hydroxy propylene group; R 7 is H, a hydrocarbon group, suitably alkyl, having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
- a substituent containing an aromatic group suitably a phenyl or substituted phenyl group, which can be attached to the nitrogen by means of an alkylene group usually having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, for example a benzyl group (-CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ) or a phenylethyl group (-CH 2 -CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ); and X - is an anionic counterion. usually methylsulphate or a halide like chloride.
- Suitable cationic copolymerizable monomers include acid addition salts and quaternary ammonium salts of the dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides and dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates mentioned above, usually prepared using acids like HCl. H 2 SO 4 , etc., or quaternizing agents like methyl chloride, dimethyl sulphate, benzyl chloride, etc.; and diallyldialkylammonium halides like diallyldimethylammonium chloride.
- Copolymerizable anionic monomers like acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, various sulfonated vinyl addition monomers, etc. can also be employed and, preferably, in minor amounts.
- suitable main polymers include cationic vinyl addition polymers obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising at least one non-cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group and at least one cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the non-aromatic hydrophobic group being as defined above, and this invention further relates to a cationic vinyl addition polymer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group, its preparation and use, as further defined in the claims.
- R 1 is H or CH 3 ;
- A is O or NH;
- B is an al
- the total number of carbon atoms of the groups R 8 and R 9 is usually at least 2, suitably at least 3 and notably from 3 to 6.
- suitable copolymerizable monomers of this type include acrylamide-based monomers like N-alkyl (meth)acrylamides, e.g.
- non-cationic monomers having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group include non-ionic monomers represented by the general formula (V): wherein R 1 is H or CH 3 ; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, suitably 2 to 3 carbon atoms, preferably ethylene (-CH 2 -CH 2 -) or propylene (-CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )- or -CH(CH 3 ) - CH 2 -); n is an integer of at least 1, suitably from 2 to 40 and preferably 3 to 20; R 10 is a substituent containing a hydrophobic group, suitably alkyl, having at least 2 carbon atoms, suitably from 3 to 12 and preferably from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- V non-ionic monomers represented by the general formula (V): wherein R 1 is H or CH 3 ; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, suitably 2
- suitable copolymerizable monomers of this type include alkyl (mono-, di- and polyethyleneglycol) (meth)acrylates and alkyl (mono-, di- and polypropyleneglycol) (meth)acrylates, e.g. ethyltriglycol (meth)acrylate and butyldiglycol (meth)acrylate.
- the cationic monomer can be selected from any of the cationic monomers mentioned above, including the cationic monomers represented by the general formulae (I) and (III) as well as diallyldialkylammonium halides like diallyldimethylammonium chloride.
- the monomer mixture according to the second embodiment may also comprise other copolymerizable monomers such as, for example, the non-ionic monomers represented by the general formula (II) above which may not have a hydrophobic group, suitably acrylamide and methacrylamide, and the anionic monomers mentioned above.
- the monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group is non-cationic and the monomer mixture thus also comprises a copolymerizable cationic monomer which suitably is present in an amount of from 2 to 50 mole% and preferably from 5 to 25 mole%.
- silica-based particles of this type include colloidal aluminium-modified silica and aluminium silicates. Mixtures of such suitable silica-based particles can also be used. Drainage and retention aids comprising suitable anionic silica-based particles are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos.
- the anionic inorganic particles are silica-based particles having a specific surface area within the range of from 50 to 1000 m 2 /g, preferably from 100 to 950 m 2 /g.
- Sols of silica-based particles these types also encompass modified sols like aluminium-containing silica-based sols and boron-containing silica-based sols.
- the silica-based particles are present in a sol having an S-value in the range of from 8 to 45%, preferably from 10 to 30%, containing silica-based particles with a specific surface area in the range of from 300 to 1000 m 2 /g, suitably from 500 to 950 m 2 /g, and preferably from 750 to 950 m 2 /g, which sols can be modified with aluminium and/or boron as mentioned above.
- the particles can be surface-modified with aluminium to a degree of from 2 to 25% substitution of silicon atoms.
- the S-value can be measured and calculated as described by Iler & Dalton in J. Phys. Chem. 60(1956), 955-957. The S-value indicates the degree of aggregate or microgel formation and a lower S-value is indicative of a higher degree of aggregation.
- Aluminium compounds that can be used according to this invention include alum, aluminates, aluminium chloride, aluminium nitrate and polyaluminium compounds, such as polyaluminium chlorides, polyaluminium sulphates, polyaluminium compounds containing both chloride and sulphate ions, polyaluminium silicate-sulphates, and mixtures thereof.
- the polyaluminium compounds may also contain other anions than chloride ions, for example anions from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acids such as citric acid and oxalic acid.
- the components of the present drainage and retention aids are added into the stock to be dewatered in amounts which can vary within wide limits depending on, inter alia, type and number of components, type of furnish, filler content, type of filler, point of addition, salt content, etc. Generally the components are added in an amount that give better drainage and/or retention than is obtained when not adding the components.
- the main polymer is usually added in an amount of at least 0.001%, often at least 0.005% by weight, based on dry stock substance, and the upper limit is usually 3% and suitably 1.5% by weight.
- the anionic microparticulate material is usually added in an amount of at least 0.001% by weight, often at least 0.005% by weight, based on dry substance of the stock, and the upper limit is usually 1.0% and suitably 0.6% by weight.
- the total amount added is suitably within the range of from 0.005 to 0.5% by weight, calculated as SiO 2 and based on dry stock substance, preferably within the range of from 0.01 to 0.2% by weight.
- an LMW cationic organic polymer in the process it can be added in an amount of at least 0.05%, based on dry substance of the stock to be dewatered.
- the amount is in the range of from 0.07 to 0.5%, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.35%.
- the total amount introduced into the stock to be dewatered is dependent on the type of aluminium compound used and on other effects desired from it. It is for instance well known in the art to utilise aluminium compounds as precipitants for rosin-based sizing agents.
- the total amount added is usually at least 0.05%, calculated as Al 2 O 3 and based on dry stock substance. Suitably the amount is in the range of from 0.5 to 3.0%, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 2.0%.
- the invention is particularly useful in the manufacture of paper from stocks having high contents of salts of di- and multivalent cations, and usually this content is at least 200 ppm, suitably at least 300 ppm and preferably at least 400 ppm.
- the invention is further suitably used in papermaking processes where white water is extensively recirculated (recycled), i.e. with a high degree of white water closure, for example where from 0 to 30 tons of fresh water are used per ton of dry paper produced, usually less than 20, suitably less than 15, preferably less than 10 and notably less than 5 tons of fresh water per ton of paper.
- Recirculation of white water obtained in the process suitably comprises mixing the white water with cellulosic fibres and/or optional filters to form a suspension to be dewatered; preferably it comprises mixing the white water with a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, before the suspension enters the forming wire for dewatering.
- the suspensions can be based on fibres from chemical pulp such as sulphate, sulphite and organosolv pulps, mechanical pulp such as thermomechanical pulp, chemothermomechanical pulp, refiner pulp and groundwood pulp, from both hardwood and softwood, and can also be based on recycled fibres, optionally from de-inked pulps, and mixtures thereof.
- chemical pulp such as sulphate, sulphite and organosolv pulps
- mechanical pulp such as thermomechanical pulp, chemothermomechanical pulp, refiner pulp and groundwood pulp, from both hardwood and softwood
- recycled fibres optionally from de-inked pulps, and mixtures thereof.
- the furnish was the same as used in Example 2.
- Stock volume was 800 ml, pH about 7 and conductivity was adjusted to 7.0 mS/cm by addition of calcium chloride (1300 ppm Ca), thus simulating a high electrolyte content and a high degree of white water closure.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- P1:
- acrylamide (90 mole%), and acryloxyethyl dimethyl n-butylammonium chloride (10 mole%);
- P2:
- acrylamide (90 mole%) and acryloxyethyl dimethyl methylcyclohexylammonium chloride (10 mole%);
- P3:
- acrylamide (90 mole%), methacryloxyaminopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (5 mole%), and methacryloxyethyl t-butylamine (5 mole%);
- P4:
- acrylamide (90 mole%), methacryloxyaminopropyltrimethylammonium chloride (5 mole%), and N-isopropylacrylamide (5 mole%);
- P5:
- acrylamide (90 mole%), methacryloxyaminopropyltrimethylammonium chloride (5 mole%), and N-t-butylacrylamide (5 mole%);
- Ref. 1:
- acrylamide (90 mole%), and acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (10 mole%).
- Ref. 2:
- acrylamide (95 mole%), and acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (5 mole%).
Cationic Polymer | Dewatering time (sec) / Turbidity (NTU) at indicated Polymer dosage | |||
0.5 kg/t | 1.0 kg/t | 1.5 kg/t | 2.0 kg/t | |
P1 | 11.6/48 | 8.9/34 | 5.8/32 | 4.7/14 |
Ref. 1 | 12.0/57 | 9.0/49 | 6.5/36 | 5.1/28 |
Cationic Polymer | Dewatering time (sec) / Turbidity (NTU) at Polymer dosage of | |||
0.5 kg/t | 1.0 kg/t | 1.5 kg/t | 2.0 kg/t | |
P1 | 11.0/ - | 8.7/49 | 6.3/40 | 6.0/38 |
P2 | 10.7/ - | 7.9/50 | 6.1/43 | 5.5/32 |
Ref. 1 | 12.1/ - | 9.5/57 | 8.8/47 | 7.8/43 |
Cationic Polymer | Dewatering time (sec) at Polymer dosage of | |||
0.5 kg/t | 1.0 kg/t | 1.5 kg/t | 2.0 kg/t | |
P3 | 13.2 | 10.0 | 7.4 | 5.6 |
Ref. 1 | 15.5 | 12.1 | 10.6 | 10.2 |
Cationic Polymer | Dewatering time (sec) at SiO2 dosage of | |||
0.5 kg/t | 1.0 kg/t | 1.5 kg/t | 2.0 kg/t | |
P4 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.1 |
P5 | 11.8 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 8.5 |
Ref. 2 | 11.9 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 9.9 |
Test Series No. | SiO2 Dosage (kg/t) | Conductivity (mS/cm) | Dewatering time (sec) / Turbidity (NTU) by using the indicated Cationic Polymer | ||
P2 | P3 | Ref. 1 | |||
1 | 1.5 | 5.0 | 6.9/- | -/39 | 7.2/51 |
2 | 1.5 | 7.0 | 16.2/- | -/56 | 24.7/60 |
3 | 1.0 | 7.0 | 7.8/- | -/50 | 13.3/55 |
Test Series No. | Polymer Dosage (kg/t) | Bentonite Dosage (kg/t) | Dewatering time (sec) / Turbidity (NTU) by using the indicated Cationic Polymer | |||
P1 | P2 | P3 | Ref. 1 | |||
1 | 2 | 4 | 6.6/25 | 8.5/- | 7.5/- | 8.9/39 |
2 | 2 | 8 | 6.3/29 | 7.9/- | 7.2/- | 8.3/37 |
3 | 4 | 8 | 4.2/10 | 4.6/- | 4.9/- | 8.4/15 |
4 | 2 | 4 | 7.0/30 | 8.4/- | 8.9/- | 8.8/42 |
5 | 2 | 8 | 6.6/28 | 8.0/- | 8.4/- | 8.6/40 |
6 | 4 | 8 | 4.8/10 | 5.0/- | 4.8/- | 6.6/28 |
7 | 2 | 4 | 7.9/22 | 8.0/- | 8.2/- | 9.1/45 |
8 | 2 | 8 | 7.4/30 | 7.2/- | 7.1/- | 8.2/48 |
9 | 2 | 8 | 5.2/11 | 4.8/- | 5.2/- | 7.5/28 |
Claims (21)
- A process for the production of paper from a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, comprising adding to the suspension drainage and retention aids comprising a cationic organic polymer and anionic microparticulate material, forming and dewatering the suspension on a wire, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer has a non-aromatic hydrophobic group which is an alkyl group containing at least 3 carbon atoms selected from n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl and dodecyl and that the suspension that is dewatered on the wire has a conductivity of at least 2.0 mS/cm.
- A process for the production of paper from a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, comprising adding to the suspension drainage and retention aids comprising a cationic organic polymer and anionic microparticulate material, forming and dewatering the suspension on a wire, characterised in that the suspension that is dewatered on the wire has a conductivity of at least 2.0 mS/cm and that the cationic organic polymer comprises in polymerized form one or more monomers comprising at least one monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group selected from(i) a cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group; R4 is a substituent containing a non-aromatic hydrophobic group containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms; and X- is an anionic counterion;(ii) a non-ionic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group represented by the general formula (IV): wherein R1 is H or CH3; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group or, alternatively, A and B are both nothing whereby there is a single bond between C and N (O=C-NR8R9); R8 and R9 are each H or a substituent containing a non-aromatic hydrophobic group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one of R8 and R9 being a substituent containing a hydrophobic group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and
- A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer is a vinyl addition polymer comprising in polymerized form at least one non-cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group and at least one cationic monomer.
- A process according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the hydrophobic group is attached to a nitrogen or oxygen which, in turn, is attached to the polymer backbone via a chain of atoms.
- A process according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterised in that the hydrophobic group is an alkyl group containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer is an acrylamide-based polymer.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer comprises in polymerized form a cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each an alkyl group having from 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group; R4 is a substituent containing an alkyl group containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; and X- is an anionic counterion.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer comprises in polymerized form a non-ionic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group represented by the general formula (IV): wherein R1 is H or CH3; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group or, alternatively, A and B are both nothing whereby there is a single bond between C and N (O=C-NR8R9); R8 and R9 are each H or a substituent containing an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one of R8 and R9 being a substituent containing an alkyl group having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer comprises in polymerized form a non-ionic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group represented by the general formula (V): wherein R1 is H or CH3; A is O; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of at least 1; R10 is alkyl having at least 2 carbon atoms.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cationic organic polymer is a vinyl addition polymer prepared from a monomer mixture comprising from 5 to 25 mole% of monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group, and from 95 to 75 mole% of other copolymerizable monomers.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the anionic microparticulate material is selected from silica-based particles and bentonite.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drainage and retention aids further comprises a low molecular weight cationic organic polymer.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the suspension that is dewatered on the wire has a conductivity of at least 3.5 mS/cm.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the process further comprises dewatering the suspension on a wire to obtain a wet web of paper and white water, recirculating the white water and optionally introducing fresh water to form a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, to be dewatered, wherein the amount of fresh water introduced is less than 30 tons per ton of dry paper produced.
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that less than 10 tons of fresh water is introduced into the process per ton of dry paper produced.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer comprising in polymerised form(a) at least one non-cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic monomer;(b) at least one cationic monomer; and(c) (meth)acrylamide;(a) said at least one non-cationic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group comprising a monomer represented by the general formula (IV) wherein R1 is H or CH3; A and B are both nothing whereby there is a single bond between C and N (O=C-NR8R9); R8 and R9 are each H or a substituent containing an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one of R8 and R9 being a substituent containing an alkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms;(b) said at least one cationic monomer comprising a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of:(i) cationic monomers represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group; R4 is a non-aromatic hydrocarbon group containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; and X- is an anionic counterion;(ii) cationic monomers represented by the general formula (III): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a hydroxy propylene group; R7 is H, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group; and X- is an anionic counterion;(iii) and mixtures thereof.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer according to claim 16, characterised in that the (meth)acrylamide is acrylamide.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the non-aromatic hydrophobic group is an alkyl group selected from n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl and t-butyl.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer according to any of claims 16 to 18, characterised in that the cationic vinyl addition polymer comprises in polymerized form a cationic monomer represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy propylene group; R4 is a non-aromatic hydrocarbon group containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; and X- is an anionic counterion.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer according to any of claims 16 to 19, characterised in that the cationic vinyl addition polymer comprises in polymerized form a cationic monomer represented by the general formula (III): wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 and R3 are each H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, suitably 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A is O or NH; B is an alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a hydroxy propylene group; R7 is H, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group; and X- is an anionic counterion.
- A cationic vinyl addition polymer according to any of claims 16 to 20, characterised in that the cationic vinyl addition polymer is prepared from a monomer mixture comprising from 5 to 25 mole% of non-ionic monomer having a non-aromatic hydrophobic group, and from 95 to 75 mole% of other copolymerizable monomers.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99947042A EP1084295B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8325398P | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | |
EP98850067A EP0953680A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | A process for the production of paper |
US83253P | 1998-04-27 | ||
EP98850067 | 1998-04-27 | ||
PCT/SE1999/000678 WO1999055962A2 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
EP99947042A EP1084295B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1084295A2 EP1084295A2 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
EP1084295B1 true EP1084295B1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
Family
ID=8236970
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98850067A Withdrawn EP0953680A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | A process for the production of paper |
EP99947042A Expired - Lifetime EP1084295B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
EP99927017A Expired - Lifetime EP1080271B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
EP99927016A Expired - Lifetime EP1080272B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98850067A Withdrawn EP0953680A1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | A process for the production of paper |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99927017A Expired - Lifetime EP1080271B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
EP99927016A Expired - Lifetime EP1080272B1 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-26 | A process for the production of paper |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (4) | EP0953680A1 (en) |
JP (3) | JP2002513103A (en) |
CN (3) | CN1205386C (en) |
AT (3) | ATE243282T1 (en) |
AU (3) | AU748735B2 (en) |
BR (3) | BR9909947A (en) |
CA (3) | CA2329028C (en) |
CZ (3) | CZ20003937A3 (en) |
DE (3) | DE69914078T2 (en) |
DK (3) | DK1080271T3 (en) |
ES (3) | ES2211166T3 (en) |
ID (3) | ID27490A (en) |
NZ (3) | NZ507606A (en) |
PL (3) | PL200811B1 (en) |
PT (3) | PT1084295E (en) |
RU (3) | RU2194106C2 (en) |
WO (3) | WO1999055965A1 (en) |
ZA (3) | ZA200005550B (en) |
Families Citing this family (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100403839B1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 2003-11-01 | 악조 노벨 엔.브이. | A process for the production of paper |
US6417268B1 (en) | 1999-12-06 | 2002-07-09 | Hercules Incorporated | Method for making hydrophobically associative polymers, methods of use and compositions |
AU8035901A (en) † | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-18 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Process for sizing paper |
US6818100B2 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2004-11-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for sizing paper |
GB0019415D0 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2000-09-27 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Noval monomers, polymers thereof and the use of the polymers |
EP1319105A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2003-06-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
DE10113998A1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-09-26 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading fibers contained in a fiber suspension with an auxiliary |
US7156955B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2007-01-02 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Papermaking process using a specified NSF to silica-based particle ratio |
AU2002359218B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2005-12-08 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper |
RU2281994C2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2006-08-20 | Акцо Нобель Н.В. | Method for paper production |
WO2004031478A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-15 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cationised polysaccharide product |
US20040084162A1 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2004-05-06 | Shannon Thomas Gerard | Low slough tissue products and method for making same |
EP1581697A1 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-10-05 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulosic product and process for its production |
US7303654B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2007-12-04 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulosic product and process for its production |
JP4179913B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2008-11-12 | ソマール株式会社 | Paper manufacturing method |
KR20050058785A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-17 | 김재봉 | Introduction and manufacturing method of bentonite involving dispersion polymer |
KR100853923B1 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2008-08-25 | 악조 노벨 엔.브이. | Silica-based sols and their production and use |
GB0425101D0 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2004-12-15 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Papermaking process |
WO2006068576A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-29 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
US7955473B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2011-06-07 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
US20060254464A1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
WO2007078245A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-12 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
US8273216B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2012-09-25 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
US20070215301A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-20 | Weyerhaeuser Co. | Method for making a low density multi-ply paperboard with high internal bond strength |
EP1936032A1 (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-25 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method of producing a paper product |
EP2199462A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-23 | Coöperatie Avebe U.A. | A process for making paper |
WO2011113119A1 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Fibria Celulose S/A | Process for the treatment of cellulose pulps, cellulose pulp thus obtained and use of biopolymer for treating cellulose pulps |
EP2402503A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-04 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Process for the production of a cellulosic product |
EP2593603A1 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2013-05-22 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Cellulosic fibre composition |
FI125713B (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2016-01-15 | Upm Kymmene Corp | A method for improving the runnability of a wet paper web and paper |
RU2483151C1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-27 | Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации | Method of manufacturing paper for printing |
WO2014087644A1 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-12 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Method for producing polymer |
EP3059739A1 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-24 | Wicor Holding AG | Insulation element with low electrical conductivity for electrical isolation in the high voltage range |
EP3288041A1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-02-28 | Wicor Holding AG | Insulation element with chemical fibres for electrical insulation in the high voltage range |
JP6990696B2 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2022-01-13 | ケミラ ユルキネン オサケイティエ | Manufacturing method of paper or paperboard and use of composition |
US10800869B2 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2020-10-13 | Kemira Oyj | Polymer composition and its uses |
KR102607992B1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2023-11-29 | 케미라 오와이제이 | Manufacturing method of paper, board, etc. |
WO2019004950A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Scg Packaging Public Company Limited | High-strength sheet material |
RU2671752C1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-11-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПАННА" | Water-soluble paper with embroidery pattern and method for manufacture thereof |
CN109594402A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 江苏理文造纸有限公司 | A method of kraft liner cardboard paper is prepared using wastewater sludge |
CN109942721B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-04-02 | 淮海工学院 | Aqueous solution of hydroxymethyl urea modified cationic polysaccharide |
AT525216A1 (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-15 | Berndorf Band Gmbh | Pressing device with a pressure roller |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4250269A (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1981-02-10 | Buckman Laboratories, Inc. | Water-soluble mixtures of quaternary ammonium polymers, nonionic and/or cationic vinyl-addition polymers, and nonionic and/or cationic surfactants |
SE432951B (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1984-04-30 | Eka Ab | PAPER PRODUCT CONTAINING CELLULOSA FIBERS AND A BINDING SYSTEM CONTAINING COLOIDAL MILIC ACID AND COTIONIC STARCH AND PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE PAPER PRODUCT |
FI81860C (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1990-12-10 | Nalco Chemical Co | NOW FOERFARANDE FOER LIMNING AV PAPPER. |
US4687519A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-08-18 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Paper size compositions |
DE68905208T3 (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 2001-02-15 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Manufacture of paper and cardboard. |
US5098520A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-03-24 | Nalco Chemcial Company | Papermaking process with improved retention and drainage |
GB9313956D0 (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1993-08-18 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Production of paper |
WO1995002288A1 (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-19 | Picturetel Corporation | Reduction of background noise for speech enhancement |
SE9502522D0 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Eka Nobel Ab | A process for the production of paper |
ID16844A (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 1997-11-13 | Nalco Chemical Co | PAPER MAKING PROCESS |
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 EP EP98850067A patent/EP0953680A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-04-26 CZ CZ20003937A patent/CZ20003937A3/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 EP EP99947042A patent/EP1084295B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 AU AU44015/99A patent/AU748735B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-26 ID IDW20002194A patent/ID27490A/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 JP JP2000546103A patent/JP2002513103A/en active Pending
- 1999-04-26 NZ NZ507606A patent/NZ507606A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 CN CNB99805531XA patent/CN1205386C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 RU RU2000129668/12A patent/RU2194106C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 JP JP2000546101A patent/JP4307721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 CA CA002329028A patent/CA2329028C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 BR BR9909947-0A patent/BR9909947A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-26 EP EP99927017A patent/EP1080271B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 NZ NZ507604A patent/NZ507604A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 DK DK99927017T patent/DK1080271T3/en active
- 1999-04-26 CA CA002329027A patent/CA2329027C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 RU RU2000129670/12A patent/RU2185470C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 AT AT99927016T patent/ATE243282T1/en active
- 1999-04-26 DK DK99927016T patent/DK1080272T3/en active
- 1999-04-26 CZ CZ20003938A patent/CZ301693B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 WO PCT/SE1999/000677 patent/WO1999055965A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-26 CZ CZ20003939A patent/CZ301092B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 DE DE69914078T patent/DE69914078T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 PL PL344040A patent/PL200811B1/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 PL PL344053A patent/PL201054B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 EP EP99927016A patent/EP1080272B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 CN CNB998055484A patent/CN1155754C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 PL PL344079A patent/PL200673B1/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 CN CNB998055328A patent/CN1139691C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 DK DK99947042T patent/DK1084295T3/en active
- 1999-04-26 WO PCT/SE1999/000679 patent/WO1999055964A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-26 AU AU44016/99A patent/AU747089B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-26 PT PT99947042T patent/PT1084295E/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 DE DE69908939T patent/DE69908939T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 PT PT99927016T patent/PT1080272E/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 AU AU43014/99A patent/AU750335B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-26 AT AT99927017T patent/ATE243281T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 RU RU2000129669/12A patent/RU2194818C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 PT PT99927017T patent/PT1080271E/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 ES ES99947042T patent/ES2211166T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 WO PCT/SE1999/000678 patent/WO1999055962A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-26 DE DE69908938T patent/DE69908938T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 NZ NZ507605A patent/NZ507605A/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 BR BRPI9909946-2A patent/BR9909946B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 BR BRPI9909945-4A patent/BR9909945B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-26 CA CA002329191A patent/CA2329191C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 ES ES99927017T patent/ES2196815T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 ES ES99927016T patent/ES2201725T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-26 JP JP2000546104A patent/JP3890194B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-26 ID IDW20002192A patent/ID27899A/en unknown
- 1999-04-26 AT AT99947042T patent/ATE257530T1/en active
- 1999-04-26 ID IDW20002193A patent/ID27307A/en unknown
-
2000
- 2000-10-10 ZA ZA200005550A patent/ZA200005550B/en unknown
- 2000-10-10 ZA ZA200005552A patent/ZA200005552B/en unknown
- 2000-10-10 ZA ZA200005551A patent/ZA200005551B/en unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1084295B1 (en) | A process for the production of paper | |
US5858174A (en) | Process for the production of paper | |
US8308903B2 (en) | Process for the production of paper | |
JP4913071B2 (en) | Method for the manufacture of paper | |
KR20110069783A (en) | Polymer dispersion | |
US20020139502A1 (en) | Process for the production of paper | |
KR100403839B1 (en) | A process for the production of paper | |
US7306700B1 (en) | Process for the production of paper | |
MXPA00010449A (en) | A process for the production of paper | |
MXPA00010571A (en) | A process for the production of paper |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20001026 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010914 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69914078 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20040212 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: BOVARD AG PATENTANWAELTE |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: EKA CHEMICALS AB Owner name: AKZO NOBEL N.V. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 20040305 |
|
NLT2 | Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin |
Owner name: AKZO NOBEL N.V. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2211166 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20041008 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: AKZO NOBEL N.V. Free format text: AKZO NOBEL N.V.#VELPERWEG 76, POSTBUS 9300#6824 BM ARNHEM (NL) -TRANSFER TO- AKZO NOBEL N.V.#VELPERWEG 76, POSTBUS 9300#6824 BM ARNHEM (NL) |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20110425 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20110429 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20120426 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120430 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120430 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20120403 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20130429 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20130429 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20130429 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20130429 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20130423 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: PT Payment date: 20130409 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20130426 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: FI Payment date: 20130429 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20130506 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120430 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 69914078 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: MM4A Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 20141027 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20141101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 257530 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140426 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140426 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20141231 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 69914078 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20141101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140426 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140426 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141027 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140427 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140426 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141101 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140426 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140427 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140430 |