EP1080267B1 - Verfahren zum kalandrieren einer warenbahn mit einem vertikalen mehrwalzen-kalander und ein kalander hierzu - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kalandrieren einer warenbahn mit einem vertikalen mehrwalzen-kalander und ein kalander hierzu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1080267B1 EP1080267B1 EP99919260A EP99919260A EP1080267B1 EP 1080267 B1 EP1080267 B1 EP 1080267B1 EP 99919260 A EP99919260 A EP 99919260A EP 99919260 A EP99919260 A EP 99919260A EP 1080267 B1 EP1080267 B1 EP 1080267B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roll
- rolls
- line
- deflection
- intermediate rolls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
- D21G1/004—Regulating the pressure
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
- D21G1/0026—Arrangements for maintaining uniform nip conditions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for calendering a web with a vertical multi-roll calender according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a calender for this.
- Vertical multi-roll calenders include one set of rolls superimposed rollers, which in the operating state in constant Are interacting, and through their nips, one web to be calendered runs.
- calendering causes a mechanical or mechanical-thermal Forming the web.
- Hard rolls are metal rolls with a smooth one and hard roller, which is essentially responsible for the smoothness and gloss are.
- Soft rolls are rolls with an elastic one or soft surface, which is essentially for a uniform Ensure compaction.
- rollers with the smallest possible diameter or used in a lightweight construction A calender roll with one thin cladding and an inner supporting cell structure is in DE-A- 195 11 595.
- a similar concept is the roller according to DE-A-195 33 823.
- a line load specification is only in either an upper or a lower nip possible. The other line load results from the dead weight.
- WO 95/14813 is a vertical multi-roll calender known with a bend-controllable top and bottom roller and intermediate rollers, in which the intermediate rolls are selected so that they are all one have essentially the same natural deflection.
- Guiding means is achieved that these weights have no influence on the line load in the nips.
- the line loads are the same in the bottom nip and top nip, with the same inherent deflections of the intermediate rolls ensure essentially flat line load profiles.
- With a selectable load on the top or bottom roller then the line loads in the nips are adjusted.
- the disadvantage here is that only intermediate rolls with the same inherent deflection can be used are.
- There is also some difference in line load from one nip to another nip desirable to maintain a web tension between to build up two nips for a wrinkle-free running of the material web is necessary.
- the object of the invention is therefore a method for calendering a To create a web with a vertical multi-roll calender, one Adjustment of the line loads in the nips to a web to be calendered allowed. Another job is a calender to create for this.
- the gradient of the Line load characteristic and thus the line load difference between the top and lower nip can be set freely.
- the calendering potential of a such a calender is therefore not fixed by construction specified, but can be on the respective web during operation can be set.
- the nip number can be below that in the super calender can be reduced and good smoothing effects even at high Speeds can be realized.
- variable setting of the line load characteristic is also still when using rollers with different roller diameters possible in a roller set.
- smaller roll diameters result a smaller gap width resulting in a higher compressive stress.
- the mechanical Size that is essentially responsible for the reshaping can be influenced via the roller diameter on the load.
- the steep due to the smaller roller diameter Line load characteristic can be changed by the method according to the invention without losing the advantage of a smaller gap width.
- a roll set consists of intermediate rolls of different bending stiffness, so the amount of deformation force depending on the respective bending stiffness can be selected. This leads to different Line load differences from intermediate roll to intermediate roll or from nip to nip, but ensures the same deflections.
- line loads that prevail during calendering in the upper and lower nip should be specified independently of each other.
- Associated mean Line loads can be caused by the loading or unloading pressures of the intermediate rolls be determined. The starting point for this are preferably those of overhanging weights and from the deflection and spreader rollers fully relieved intermediate rolls, so that all rolls straight nips form.
- This compensated line load characteristic preferably serves as a reference characteristic.
- the intermediate rolls can be loaded or be relieved that the sum of all intermediate rolls the desired line load difference between the upper and lower Nip results and the desired changed characteristic is created.
- the Beam bending of the intermediate rolls can be used.
- a shell bending and / or can be adjusted a shell shear deformation is included in a calculation of the target values become.
- Fig. 1 shows a vertical multi-roll calender with a frame 1, in which a roll stack of an upper bend-controllable roll 2, a lower bend-controllable roll 3 and three intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 are arranged supported.
- the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 can be designed as hard or elastic rolls and have different roll diameters. The rolls are arranged one above the other in the roll stack, successive rolls each delimiting a nip, the roll working gap.
- a first nip called upper nip N o
- a nip N 2 lies between the first intermediate roll 4 and the second intermediate roll 5.
- a nip N 3 lies between the second intermediate roller 5 and the third intermediate roller 6.
- a last nip, called the lower nip N u lies between the third intermediate roller 6 and the lower controllable roller 3.
- nips N o , N 2 , N 3 , N u there are compressive stresses which are determined by the dead weights of the rolls 2, 4, 5, 6 and the associated guide means as well as by loads which can be applied to one end of the roll stack.
- the force acting in a nip per unit length of the roller is called the line load.
- the line load In the upper nip N o, therefore, there is a distributed load q o, in the nip N 2 prevails a line load q is 2, 3 in the nip N there is the line load q 3 and the lower nip there is the line load q u.
- the line load, measured in N / mm, for a number of nip results in a line load characteristic.
- the nips N o , N 2 , N 3 , N u are passed through from top to bottom by a web of material to be processed, in particular a paper web.
- the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 have roll journals 7, 8, 9 for both sides articulated arrangement.
- the roller journals 7, 8, 9 are on levers 10, 11, 12 attached to each of which a pressure cylinder 13, 14, 15th acts to deformation forces on the roll neck 7, 8, 9 and thus the Initiate intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6.
- a bending line B of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 (cf. FIG. 2a) can hereby be set, the Curvature of the bending line B over the amount of the deformation forces introduced can be controlled.
- the pressure cylinders 13, 14, 15 are preferred Hydraulic cylinder.
- the pressure cylinders 13, 14, 15 are separate controllable to each intermediate roller 4, 5, 6 individually with a selectable To be able to apply deformation force.
- the pressure cylinders are preferably 13, 14, 15 double-acting to apply load and relief pressures to initiate on the intermediate rollers 4, 5, 6.
- a variable characteristic of the compressive stresses in the successive nips N o , N 2 , N 3 , N u can be achieved by pressing on the roll journals 7, 8, 9 of the intermediate rolls 4, 5 , 6 introducible deformation forces are chosen such that the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 receive an essentially identical deflection for exerting loading or relieving pressures, a degree of deflection according to a determinable change in a roller-related line load difference between the upper and lower nip N o and N u is set and the bend-controllable rollers 2, 3 are adapted to this bend.
- a compensated line load characteristic curve K k (see FIG. 2b) is assumed here, in which overhanging weights are compensated, so that flat line load profiles are present in the nips N o , N 2 , N 3 , N u .
- the compensation forces introduced for this purpose are introduced via the pressure cylinders 13, 14, 15.
- a line load difference ⁇ q E then follows from the dead weights of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6.
- a desired lower line load q u is determined on the basis of a compensated line load characteristic curve K K with an upper line load q o . If this differs from the inherent weight, the line load characteristic curve K B becomes steeper or flatter than the compensated line load characteristic curve K K , since a line load difference ⁇ q B must be subtracted or added, which results from a total line load from the bending of all intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 results.
- the lower line load q u can be chosen smaller than q o .
- the total line load change from the bending is divided into deviations for the mean line loads, here q 2 and q 3 , which is achieved by a specific roll bending of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6, whereby line load supplements (positive or negative) q B are generated.
- the first intermediate roller 4 and the third intermediate roller 6 are identical and designed as a hard, heated roller.
- the second intermediate roller 5, on the other hand, is designed as an elastic roller.
- q hB is the desired line load additive on the hard intermediate rolls 4, 6 from roll bending
- q eB is the desired line load additive on the elastic intermediate roll 5 from roll bending.
- the Bending lines B of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 are adapted to one another. This means, the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 are deformed in such a way that those delimited by them Nips are curved substantially the same and consequently to each other run parallel.
- line load supplements q hB and q eB are exemplified by bending two structurally identical hard intermediate rollers 4, 6 and an elastic intermediate roller 5.
- 2b shows the line load additions q hB and q eB in relation to the line load
- FIG. 2a illustrates the degree of curvature of the bending lines B of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6.
- the line load additions q hB and q eB are here negative in terms of amount on the compensated line load characteristic K K, and consequently lead to a steeper variable line load characteristic K B.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b differs from the first exemplary embodiment described above only in that ⁇ q B corresponds in terms of amount to ⁇ q E.
- the result is a vertical variable characteristic curve K B. Since higher deformation forces than pin forces are introduced here, ie stronger relief pressures are at the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6, there is a greater degree of curvature for intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6. Otherwise, the explanations for the first embodiment apply accordingly.
- the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b differs from the exemplary embodiments described above only in that ⁇ q B is greater in magnitude than ⁇ q E.
- the result is a variable characteristic curve K B with a negative slope, since q u is smaller than q o , as is also shown by the force arrows for q u and q o . Since even higher deformation forces are introduced than pin forces here, ie there are even stronger relief pressures at the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6, there is an even greater degree of curvature for intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6. Otherwise, the explanations for the first and second exemplary embodiments apply accordingly.
- the fourth exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b shows a characteristic curve K B which is flatter than the compensated characteristic curve K K due to roll bends, which requires the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 to be bent downward. This is also illustrated by the force arrows F h and F e , which act on the roll journals 7, 8, 9 of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 from above and consequently initiate loading pressures.
- ⁇ q B does not subtract from ⁇ q E here , but adds up, as shown in FIG. 5b.
- the bending lines B of the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 are convex in contrast to a concave shape of the previously described exemplary embodiments. Otherwise, the explanations for these exemplary embodiments apply accordingly.
- a calender comprises a total of six intermediate rollers 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, in addition to the upper bending-controllable roller 2 and the lower bending-controllable roller 3, of which the intermediate rollers 30, 32 and 35 are cast iron rollers which have a line load q E of 8.1 N / mm each.
- the intermediate rolls 31, 33 and 34 are elastic rolls made of aluminum, which cause a line load q E of 4.6 N / mm each.
- the hydraulic pressures of the two bending adjustment rollers 2, 3 are at the described embodiments set so that the Bending lines of the bending adjustment rollers to the predetermined bending lines B the intermediate rollers 4, 5, 6 nestle.
- the pressures in the pressure cylinders 13, 14, 15 to adjust the intermediate rolls 4, 5, 6 and the pressures in hydraulic Elements of the bending adjustment rollers 2, 3 synchronously with each other be adjusted so that a homogeneity of the line load distributions in all nips even during a print adjustment for a new web preserved.
- the elastic ones in particular Payments also in the event of changes during operation of the calender protected from destruction.
- the compensated characteristic curve K K (overhanging weights compensated) was chosen as the reference line, in which plane line load profiles are present.
- the natural characteristic curve can serve as a reference line without compensation. The calculation of the setpoints must then be adjusted accordingly.
- the minimization of the square of the error, formed from the deviations Adjacent bending lines B can be used at a predetermined number of discrete support points.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- zeigt schematisch die Seitenansicht eines vertikalen Mehrwalzen-Kalanders zum Kalandrieren,
- Fig. 2a
- zeigt schematisch Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 mit einer Biegung für einen Entlastungsdruck zur Einstellung einer steileren Kennlinie gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 2b
- zeigt ein Diagramm einer kompensierten und einer durch Walzenbiegungen geänderten Streckenlasten-Kennlinie gemäß Fig. 2a,
- Fig. 3a
- zeigt schematisch Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 mit einer Biegung für einen Entlastungsdruck zur Einstellung einer vertikalen Kennlinie gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 3b
- zeigt ein Diagramm einer kompensierten und einer durch Walzenbiegungen geänderten Streckenlasten-Kennlinie gemäß Fig. 3a,
- Fig. 4a
- zeigt schematisch Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 mit einer Biegung für einen Entlastungsdruck zur Einstellung einer Kennlinie mit einer negativen Steigung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 4b
- zeigt ein Diagramm einer kompensierten und einer durch Walzenbiegungen geänderten Streckenlasten-Kennlinie gemäß Fig. 4a,
- Fig. 5a
- zeigt schematisch Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 mit einer Biegung für einen Belastungsdruck zur Einstellung einer flacheren Kennlinie gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 5b
- zeigt ein Diagramm einer kompensierten und einer durch Walzenbiegungen geänderten Streckenlasten-Kennlinie gemäß Fig. 5a,
- Fig. 6
- zeigt schematisch Zwischenwalzen eines Kalanders gemäß Fig. 1 mit sechs Zwischenwalzen und einer durch Walzenbiegungen variierten Streckenlasten-Kennlinie.
Claims (11)
- Verfahren zum Kalandrieren einer Warenbahn mit einem vertikalen Mehrwalzen-Kalander, bei dem zwischen einer oberen biegungssteuerbaren Walze und einer unteren biegungssteuerbaren Walze mehrere Zwischenwalzen angeordnet sind, dieses Walzenpaket Nips bildet mit einem oberen und einem unteren Nip, die die Warenbahn durchläuft, und Streckenlasten in diesen Nips bestimmt, deren Streckenlastprofil durch Einleiten von Verformungskräften an Walzenzapfen der Zwischenwalzen veränderbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mehreren Zwischenwalzen unterschiedliche Biegesteifigkeiten aufweisen und deren jeweilige Biegelinien B im wesentlichen gleich eingestellt werden durch an den Walzenzapfen der Zwischenwalzen individuell und zweiseitig einleitbare Verformungskräfte zur Ausübung von Be- oder Entlastungskräften, wobei ein Grad der Krümmung der Biegelinie gemäß einer bestimmbaren Veränderung einer walzenbedingten Streckenlastdifferenz zwischen dem oberen und unteren Nip eingestellt wird, und die biegungssteuerbaren Walzen an diese Biegung angepaßt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine jede Zwischenwalze die Höhe der zur Einstellung eines bestimmten Biegungsgrades erforderliche Verformungskraft in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Biegesteifigkeit der jeweiligen Zwischenwalze gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Streckenlast im oberen und im unteren Nip unabhängig voneinander vorgegeben wird und eine Abweichung einer daraus sich ergebenenden Streckenlastdifferenz von einer den Walzen zugeordneten kompensierten Streckenlastdifferenz aufgeteilt wird in Verformungskräfte für die einzelnen Zwischenwalzen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Berechnung von Sollwerten für die Verformungskräfte die Balkenbiegung der Zwischenwalzen herangezogen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Berechnung von Sollwerten für die Verformungskräfte Schubverformungen der Zwischenwalzen zusätzlich herangezogen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei rohrförmigen Zwischenwalzen für eine Berechnung von Sollwerten für die Verformungskräfte eine Schalenbiegung zusätzlich herangezogen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich die Schalenschubverformung rohrförmiger Walzen herangezogen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über eine Länge der Walzen eine Dicke der Nips gleichmäßig ausgebildet ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streckenlastprofile zwischen zwei Zwischenwalzen und zwischen einer Zwischenwalze und einer biegungsgesteuerten Walze mit gleicher Form eingestellt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Abweichung der Streckenlastdifferenz eingestellt wird, die betragsmäßig der kompensierten Streckenlastdifferenz entspricht zur Ausbildung einer vertikalen Streckenlast-Kennlinie.
- Vertikaler Mehrwalzen-Kalander zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 mit einer oberen biegungssteuerbaren Walze, einer unteren biegungssteuerbaren Walze und mehreren dazwischen angeordneten Zwischenwalzen, die übereinander angeordnet sind und Nips zwischen jeweils zwei Walzen bilden, durch die die Warenbahn läuft, und mindestens die Zwischenwalzen beidseitig Walzenzapfen aufweisen, die in gelenkigen Lagern angeordnet sind, auf die über Druckzylinder Verformungskräfte einleitbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mehreren Zwischenwalzen unterschiedliche Biegesteifigkeiten aufweisen und die Druckzylinder (13, 14, 15) einzeln steuerbar und für ein Einleiten von Belastungs- und Entlastungsdrücken zweiseitig arbeitend ausgelegt sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19820089 | 1998-05-06 | ||
DE1998120089 DE19820089C2 (de) | 1998-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Verfahren zum Kalandrieren einer Warenbahn mit einem vertikalen Mehrwalzen-Kalander |
PCT/EP1999/002675 WO1999057369A1 (de) | 1998-05-06 | 1999-04-21 | Verfahren zum kalandrieren einer warenbahn mit einem vertikalen mehrwalzen-kalander und ein kalander hierzu |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1080267A1 EP1080267A1 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
EP1080267B1 true EP1080267B1 (de) | 2004-03-03 |
Family
ID=7866763
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99919260A Expired - Lifetime EP1080267B1 (de) | 1998-05-06 | 1999-04-21 | Verfahren zum kalandrieren einer warenbahn mit einem vertikalen mehrwalzen-kalander und ein kalander hierzu |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1080267B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19820089C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999057369A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10057991C5 (de) * | 2000-11-23 | 2007-04-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Kalander und Verfahren zum Behandeln einer Materialbahn |
DE102005026109A1 (de) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-14 | Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zum Kalandrieren einer Warenbahn und Kalander hierzu |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3060843A (en) * | 1961-11-09 | 1962-10-30 | Beloit Iron Works | Calender stack deflection control |
US3158088A (en) * | 1963-07-11 | 1964-11-24 | Beloit Corp | Calender nip control device |
DE3640161A1 (de) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-07-02 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum zueinander positionieren von walzenflaechen |
DE3713561A1 (de) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-11-10 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Kalander mit niprelieving |
FI96334C (fi) * | 1993-11-24 | 1996-06-10 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Menetelmä paperin tai vastaavan rainamateriaalin kalanteroinnissa ja menetelmää soveltava kalanteri |
DE29521610U1 (de) * | 1995-03-09 | 1997-11-20 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Kalander für die Behandlung einer Papierbahn |
DE19511595C2 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-04-24 | Voith Sulzer Finishing Gmbh | Kalanderwalze mit einem zylindrischen Basiskörper |
DE19533823C2 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 2002-05-23 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Kalanderwalze |
ATE263278T1 (de) * | 1997-05-07 | 2004-04-15 | Metso Paper Inc | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur berechnung und steuerung der linearen lastverteilung in einem mehrspalt-kalander und mehrspalt-kalander |
-
1998
- 1998-05-06 DE DE1998120089 patent/DE19820089C2/de not_active Revoked
-
1999
- 1999-04-21 EP EP99919260A patent/EP1080267B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 WO PCT/EP1999/002675 patent/WO1999057369A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1080267A1 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
DE19820089C2 (de) | 2000-06-15 |
WO1999057369A1 (de) | 1999-11-11 |
DE19820089A1 (de) | 1999-11-18 |
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