EP1078381B1 - Commande magnetique bistable pour un commutateur - Google Patents

Commande magnetique bistable pour un commutateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1078381B1
EP1078381B1 EP00920438A EP00920438A EP1078381B1 EP 1078381 B1 EP1078381 B1 EP 1078381B1 EP 00920438 A EP00920438 A EP 00920438A EP 00920438 A EP00920438 A EP 00920438A EP 1078381 B1 EP1078381 B1 EP 1078381B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
shunt body
end position
magnetic drive
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00920438A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1078381A1 (fr
Inventor
Marc Bonjean
Roger Nicolaye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Energy Belgium SA
Original Assignee
Areva T&D Belgium SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Areva T&D Belgium SA filed Critical Areva T&D Belgium SA
Publication of EP1078381A1 publication Critical patent/EP1078381A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1078381B1 publication Critical patent/EP1078381B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable magnetic drive for a switch, in particular for an electrical switch, with a linearly displaceable between two end positions in a room, cooperating with at least one movable switching contact anchor, with a substantially on the axis of displacement of the armature and at a distance therefrom arranged, formed of a magnetizable material shunt body, as well as means for generating a magnetic field, on the armature a force holding them in the end positions exerts, wherein the merging of the shunt body with the armature, the course of the flux lines of the magnetic field is changed so that the holding force is reduced to the armature.
  • Magnetic drives of the affected type are mostly used in the field of electrical switching technology, especially for circuit breakers that turn on rated currents or overcurrents under specified conditions and interrupt and isolate electrical circuits from each other. Since these switches have two stable states, namely an open state in which the electrical insulation of the affected circuits is maintained, and a closed state in which the set nominal current flows continuously and an overcurrent is withstood for a certain time, it is necessary in particular that the underlying drives at the switches also have two stable states, d. H. Retirement homes that require retention.
  • a bistable magnetic drive for an electrical switch of the type described above is known from DE-OS 196 19 835 , to which reference is made in the present context, known.
  • this magnetic drive is a linearly displaceable between two end positions, with at least one movable switching contact connected anchor provided, which is kept stable in the end positions under the influence of magnetically generated forces.
  • a ferromagnetic shunt body is provided, wherein the armature and the shunt body are arranged one behind the other in a space between a first and a second stop.
  • the stops are formed as pole faces of magnetic circuits caused by a pair of permanent magnets holding the slidable armature in the two stable end positions.
  • a pair of electromagnets is provided whose variable magnetic field serves to move the armature between the two stable end positions.
  • the shunt body serves to invert in the direction and to transmit to the shunt body by applying to the armature the force exerted on the armature by the permanent magnets, possibly with a force exerted on the armature from outside, whereby the shunt body and the shunt Anchor to be moved to its second stable end position and held therein.
  • the magnetic circuit is thus designed so that the lines of force of the permanent magnets, depending on whether the armature and the shunt body are separated or abut each other, so close outside of the armature and the shunt body that the outgoing of the permanent magnet force in each of the both directions of movement of the armature or the shunt body is directed.
  • the armature In the known drive, the armature can assume two stable positions in which it rests, on the one hand, on the first stop and, on the other hand, on the bypass body, which in turn rests against the second stop in the second stable position of the armature. It is thus prevented that the armature that drives the movable contact, "stuck" in an intermediate position between the end positions.
  • the switching of the armature position has been initiated by switching on the electromagnets or the application of the shunt body to the armature, the switching takes place automatically and quickly.
  • no stable intermediate position between the two end positions of the armature is possible. H. a once initiated switching process inevitably leads to an opening or closing of the switch.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve a magnetic drive of the type mentioned in that the required when switching off the power switch operated with the drive force and energy consumption is minimized and overall reliability is increased, in particular to the effect that an emergency shutdown can be done as quickly as possible and reliable.
  • the technical design of the drive should be as simple as possible in terms of its production, in order to ultimately minimize manufacturing costs. In addition to these requirements, however, should not be waived the use of a shunt body of the type mentioned with the particular advantage of less effort in the movement of the armature.
  • a lock is provided for the shunt body, by means of which the shunt body in this facing end position durable and from this end position with little energy / effort is solvable.
  • the bypass body is advantageously used when turning off the switch.
  • the speed of movement of the bypass body is decisive for the switch-off time.
  • this requirement is precisely taken into account by the proposed mechanical holding device in that the shunt body can be detached from its holding position and thus also relatively quickly with little energy / effort.
  • the strict safety requirements for trouble-free functioning of switching off a switch operated with the magnetic drive according to the invention, in particular in the event of an emergency stop, are fulfilled by the shunt body being lockable in the end position by means of mechanical holding means.
  • the proposed mechanical holding device for the shunt body is less susceptible to interference, for example, electrical or magnetic holding devices and also in emergency situations, which are often associated with a power failure, still fully functional.
  • the mechanical holding means are realized by a mechanical lock, by means of which the shunt body facing in the shunt body End position is maintained, wherein acts on the bypass body after a release of the lock, a spring force in the direction of the armature.
  • the shunt body receives a supporting force for movement in the direction of the armature, which counteracts the force caused by the permanent magnet (s) and automatically acts on the shunt body as soon as the mechanical sheath of the shunt body has been removed.
  • a mechanical locking of the bypass body has a connected to the shunt body guide rod which is pivotally connected to a cooperating with a sensing device lever arm.
  • a mechanical threshold or barrier can also be provided, by means of which the shunt body is held unstably in the end position facing the shunt body by a small holding force, so that the shunt body can be detached from this end position by overcoming this low force potential and with the anchor is merge.
  • the shunt body can be locked in the end position by means of magnetic holding means.
  • a circuit breaker 1 includes three switch poles 2, 3, 4, each having a switching chamber 5, in which there are a stationary, not shown switch contact and a movable, also not shown switching contact.
  • the movable switching contact is connected to a shaft 7, which is mounted longitudinally displaceable under bias of a spring 8 on a shaft 6.
  • the springs 8 of the switch poles 2, 3, 4 are stretched, ie the springs 8 relax when opening the circuit breaker.
  • the shaft 6 is rigidly connected to a rod 9, the z. B. via a bolt 10 to the one end of a pivotally mounted Knee lever 11 is articulated, the other end is pivotally connected to a rod 9 displaceable in a housing 12 at a right angle to the rod.
  • the housing 12 carries the switch poles 2, 3, 4, which are arranged in a row.
  • the one end of another pivotally mounted in the housing 12 toggle lever 14 is hinged, the other end is pivotally connected to a rod 15 which is in turn connected at its other end with a linear magnetic drive 16 according to the invention.
  • the linear magnetic drive 16 shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b has a yoke 20 of magnetizable material, for example of laminated soft iron sheets, which is rectangular on the outside ,
  • the outer shape of the yoke is immaterial to the invention and can be freely selected in the context of all conceivable forms, for example as a cylindrical shape.
  • a recessed space 21 is provided, in which two on each other opposite sides of pole pieces 22, 23 protrude inward.
  • Permanent magnets 24, 25 are arranged on the inner surfaces of the pole shoes. However, the permanent magnets 24, 25 may also be integrally formed, while the space 21 in the amount of the pole pieces ring surrounded.
  • the permanent magnets 24, 25 are facing each other with the same poles and thus form a corresponding pair of magnets.
  • an armature 26 and a shunt body 27 are arranged one behind the other linearly movable. Both the armature 26 and the shunt body are made of magnetizable material, preferably of magnetizable metal.
  • the movement space for the armature 26 and the bypass body 27 is limited at one end by a first stop 28 and at the other end by a second stop 29. Laterally, the movement space of the armature 26 is also limited by the permanent magnets 24, 25.
  • a coil 30 for opening the switch 1 and a coil 31 for closing the switch 1 are respectively provided.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil 31 thus enables or causes an armature movement in the direction of the upper stop 29, whereas that generated by means of the coil 30 Magnetic field allows an armature movement in the direction of the bypass body 27 or causes.
  • the movement space for the armature 26 and the bypass body 27 is bounded at the top by an inserted into the recess of the yoke upper plate 33 and below by a corresponding lower plate 34.
  • At the anchor further comprises a through hole 35 is provided, into which a bolt, not shown, is inserted, with which the armature 26 is fixed to a through yoke 20, shunt body 27 and armature 26 running shaft 36.
  • a through hole 35 is provided, into which a bolt, not shown, is inserted, with which the armature 26 is fixed to a through yoke 20, shunt body 27 and armature 26 running shaft 36.
  • the movement of the armature 26 is transmitted to the switch assembly shown in Fig. 1, for example. Via the knee joint 14 shown in FIG.
  • the bypass body 27 is held in the provided on the lower stop 28 of the lower plate 34 position by means of a locking mechanism.
  • a guide rod 37 is attached to the shunt body 27, which in turn is pivotally connected to a hinge 38.
  • the joint 38 is held in the position shown by way of a lug 39, which cooperates with a half-shaft 40, in the direction of rotation of the half-shaft 40 shown here, whereby the shunt body 27 is in turn retained on the lower stop 28.
  • the shunt body 27 is held by means of a mechanical threshold (not shown here), for example, may be formed as a retaining spring, in which the bypass body 27 can be 'triggered' by overcoming a spring force potential.
  • a mechanical threshold not shown here
  • the bypass body 27 can be 'triggered' by overcoming a spring force potential.
  • a bolt or a bracket 42 is attached to the half-shaft 40, which is controlled by an externally controllable movement mechanism, here via a push-button 43, for the operation of the Lock performs necessary rotational movement of the half-wave.
  • the pivotable connection between the guide rod 37 and the joint 38 is realized in the present embodiment by a mounted on the guide rod 37 bolt 44 which engages in a provided at one end of the hinge 38 recess 45.
  • the illustrated shape of the continuous slot 45 is essentially predetermined due to the game caused by the rotational movement of the joint.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c Various working phases of the magnetic drive according to the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c.
  • armature is in one of the two stable end positions, wherein the operated by the magnetic drive switch 1 is in the "open" ("OFF") position.
  • OFF the "open"
  • both the armature 26 and the shunt body 27 are respectively on stop and on the lower abutment surface 28 of the yoke 20th
  • the stable end position shown in Fig. 4b is set by the bypass body 27 back into an unstable state, which corresponds to the situation shown in Fig. 4c.
  • the bypass body 27 has moved due to the spring action of the compression spring 41 in the direction of armature 26 and is now in abutment with this. Due to the resulting change in the course of the magnetic flux lines, a force reversal now takes place downwards, whereby the armature 26, together with the shunt body 27, can be moved down again with relatively little effort, which then sets the situation shown in FIG. 4a again in which the armature 26 assumes the other stable end position.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5e show simplified, partially sectioned side views of the magnetic drive according to the invention already shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the sub-figure 5a shows the drive in the open position ("OFF") of the circuit breaker.
  • the subfigure 5b shows the situation at the beginning of the movement of the armature 26 in the closed position ("ON") of the circuit breaker.
  • the magnetic field distribution is shown during the switch-on, wherein the armature 26 is in a central position on the way to the closed position of the circuit breaker.
  • the magnetic field distribution in the closed position ("ON") of the circuit breaker is shown and in the sub-figure 5e, the phase at the beginning of the movement of the armature in the open position ("OFF") of the circuit breaker, the shunt body 27 previously with the armature 26 has been brought into contact.
  • the shunt body is held by the holding device according to the invention (not shown here) at the lower stop, so that the armature 26 - under separation from the shunt body 27 - under Action of the magnetic field 51 to the upper stop 29 can move.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Commande magnétique pour un commutateur, en particulier pour un commutateur électrique (1), comportant un induit (26) mobile linéairement entre deux positions de fin de course dans un espace (21), lequel induit est apte à coopérer avec au moins un contact de commutation mobile, comportant un élément de dérivation (27) formé dans un matériau magnétisable et placé pour l'essentiel sur l'axe de déplacement de l'induit (26), lequel élément de dérivation peut aussi être déplacé sur l'axe de déplacement de l'induit (26), ainsi que des dispositifs (24, 25, 30, 31) destinés à produire un champ magnétique qui exerce sur l'induit (26) une force retenant celui-ci dans les positions de fin de course (28, 29), la réunion de l'élément de dérivation et de l'induit (26) modifiant le cours des lignes de flux du champ magnétique de manière à réduire la force de retenue sur l'induit (26), caractérisée par un verrouillage pour l'élément de dérivation (27), au moyen duquel l'élément de dérivation (27) peut être maintenu dans la position de fin de course orientée vers celui-ci (28) et peut être libéré de cette position de fin de course (28) en appliquant une faible force ou énergie.
  2. Commande magnétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de dérivation (27) peut être verrouillé dans la position de fin de course (28) au moyen de dispositifs de retenue mécaniques (37-40, 42-45).
  3. Commande magnétique selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu comme dispositifs de retenue mécaniques un verrouillage mécanique (37-40, 42-45) au moyen duquel l'élément de dérivation (27) peut être fixé dans la position de fin de course (28) et en ce que, après l'ouverture du verrouillage, une force de ressort (41) agit sur l'élément de dérivation (27) en direction de l'induit (26).
  4. Commande magnétique selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu comme dispositifs de retenue mécaniques une barrière mécanique au moyen de laquelle l'élément de dérivation (27) peut être fixé dans la position de fin de course (28) et réuni à l'induit (26) en appliquant une faible force ou énergie.
  5. Commande magnétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de dérivation (27) peut être verrouillé dans la position de fin de course (28) au moyen de dispositifs magnétiques.
  6. Commande magnétique selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le verrouillage mécanique (37-40, 42-45) de l'élément de dérivation (27) présente une tige de guidage (37) reliée à l'élément de dérivation (27), laquelle est reliée de manière oscillante à un bras de levier (38) coopérant avec un dispositif à touche.
  7. Commande magnétique selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le commutateur électrique (1) est fermé dans la position de fin de course de l'induit (26) orientée à l'opposé de l'élément de dérivation (27) et ouvert dans la position de fin de course de l'induit (26) orientée vers l'élément de dérivation (27).
  8. Commande magnétique selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'induit (26), la culasse (20) et la plaque supérieure (33) sont pourvus de fentes afin d'éviter les courants de Foucault.
EP00920438A 1999-03-09 2000-02-18 Commande magnetique bistable pour un commutateur Expired - Lifetime EP1078381B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19910326 1999-03-09
DE19910326A DE19910326C2 (de) 1999-03-09 1999-03-09 Bistabiler magnetischer Antrieb für einen Schalter
PCT/EP2000/001314 WO2000054295A1 (fr) 1999-03-09 2000-02-18 Commande magnetique bistable pour un commutateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1078381A1 EP1078381A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
EP1078381B1 true EP1078381B1 (fr) 2007-12-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00920438A Expired - Lifetime EP1078381B1 (fr) 1999-03-09 2000-02-18 Commande magnetique bistable pour un commutateur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7843293B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1078381B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE381106T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19910326C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2298137T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR200003316T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000054295A1 (fr)

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JP2013229247A (ja) * 2012-04-26 2013-11-07 Toshiba Corp 電力用開閉装置、及びその操作機構
CN102646555A (zh) * 2012-05-10 2012-08-22 无锡希恩电气有限公司 高压泄放开关
EP2704173A1 (fr) * 2012-08-27 2014-03-05 ABB Technology AG Actionneur électromagnétique destiné à un disjoncteur sous vide à moyenne tension
EP2976776B1 (fr) * 2013-03-18 2018-05-02 ABB Schweiz AG Dispositif à actionnement magnétique pour un dispositif de commutation de courant
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HU230782B1 (hu) * 2014-03-19 2018-05-02 Istvan Andor Suemegi Elektromágneses mûködtetésû bistabil reteszelõ eszköz
CN104658820B (zh) * 2015-02-03 2017-08-25 天津平高智能电气有限公司 断路器及其底座
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WO2018165653A1 (fr) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Abb Schweiz Ag Fermeture mécanique d'un interrupteur de courant
EP3376519B1 (fr) * 2017-03-13 2021-05-19 ABB Schweiz AG Dispositif de commutation pour installations de distribution d'énergie électrique à moyenne tension
EP3444830B1 (fr) * 2017-08-14 2024-04-03 ABB Schweiz AG Kit de système de verrouillage mécanique pour un contacteur de moyenne tension
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WO2020159715A1 (fr) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-06 S&C Electric Company Mécanisme de commande d'assistance à la fermeture manuelle
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000054295A9 (fr) 2001-04-12
ATE381106T1 (de) 2007-12-15
TR200003316T1 (tr) 2001-10-22
DE19910326C2 (de) 2001-03-15
DE19910326A1 (de) 2000-09-21
DE50014839D1 (de) 2008-01-24
ES2298137T3 (es) 2008-05-16
WO2000054295A1 (fr) 2000-09-14
EP1078381A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
US7843293B1 (en) 2010-11-30

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