EP1069285B1 - Electromagnetic actuating device for operating a gas exchange valve with stacking springs - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuating device for operating a gas exchange valve with stacking springs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1069285B1
EP1069285B1 EP00123025A EP00123025A EP1069285B1 EP 1069285 B1 EP1069285 B1 EP 1069285B1 EP 00123025 A EP00123025 A EP 00123025A EP 00123025 A EP00123025 A EP 00123025A EP 1069285 B1 EP1069285 B1 EP 1069285B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas exchange
exchange valve
spring element
spring
electromagnets
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EP00123025A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1069285A3 (en
EP1069285A2 (en
Inventor
Thomas Esch
Martin Pischinger
Michael Schebitz
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FEV Europe GmbH
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FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1069285A3 publication Critical patent/EP1069285A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • Electromagnetically actuated actuators in particular such actuators for actuating gas exchange valves on internal combustion engines are known, for example from EP-A-O 043 426 and EP-A-O 197 357. Die aus designs known from these publications, however, have specific power-to-weight ratio and a high space requirement, so that when used as actuators for gas exchange valves on modern internal combustion engines, in particular those with multi-valve operation cannot be used.
  • the invention has for its object the known electromagnetic actuators in their construction simplify and thus to a more compact space-saving Design.
  • Electromagnetic actuator with the specified in claim 1 Features.
  • This design enables effective Utilization of the pole faces, resulting in a more compact form of the Actuator leads overall.
  • Another advantage of this Design is that when used as an actuator for a gas exchange valve on an internal combustion engine, the gas exchange valve forming the actuator as before, provided with a valve spring acting in the closing direction can be, as before, on one with the shaft of the Gas exchange valve connected spring plate acts so that the valve can be pre-assembled in the engine block.
  • the valve spring also serves as one of the return spring elements the actuator.
  • the other spring element acts on the Push rod on the anchor of the adjusting device and sets an integral part of the actuator
  • the push rod firmly connected to the anchor and the one with the Gas spring valve connected to the first spring element are divided executed and are non-positively connected.
  • the anchor can be connected to the fixed one Part of the push rod a purely axial movement run while the gas exchange valve connected to the spring element for example when using a coil spring as a spring element without influencing the armature can perform spring rotation occurring during the movement.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is due to the features of claim 2 given.
  • the two against each other acting spring elements only on the the actuator facing side of the electromagnet are arranged, wherein one spring element on the push rod and the other spring element acts on an approach on the actuator and that the Push rod and the approach are non-positively connected and the one spring element is the other spring element grips telescopically, the overall height can be reduced.
  • the solenoid in each case is connected to a laminated yoke body, so that the formation of eddy currents is reduced.
  • one of the two electromagnets in the direction of movement of the anchor slidably mounted and with a Actuator is connected, which is an additional electromagnetic has and by which the distance of the facing each other Pole surfaces of the two electromagnets can be changed is, the displaceably mounted electromagnet in cooperation with the second spring element acting as a return spring be held in two different end positions can.
  • the push rod 8 is in a bore 9 of the electromagnet 1 and a bore 10 of the electromagnet 2 out.
  • the electromagnet 1 is at its end facing away from the armature 7 provided with a lid-shaped housing 11, which serves as an abutment for a spring 12, which is related to its other End supported on a plate 13 which 8.2 with the push rod is firmly connected.
  • the end face 14 of the electromagnet facing away from the armature 7 2 is an actuator 15 to be actuated, here a gas exchange valve turned towards an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve stem 16 of the gas exchange valve 15 is more common Way out in the cylinder head 17.
  • the free end of the valve stem 16 is here with a plate-shaped extension 18 firmly connected as an abutment of a spring element 19th serves, with its other end on the cylinder head 17 supports.
  • the spring element 19 is here just like that Spring element 12 is designed as a helical compression spring, so that both spring elements act against each other, the spring element 19 at the same time as a closing spring for the gas exchange valve serves.
  • the spring element 12 on one side and the spring element 19 on the other side of the armature 7 are now designed that the equilibrium position of the armature 7 approximately in the middle between the two opposite pole faces 5 and 6 of the electromagnets 1 and 2.
  • the spring element 12 be designed with a progressive characteristic so that the Equilibrium position from the center position towards moves on the electromagnet 1 and thus a simpler Starting is possible.
  • the power supply is now to Electromagnet 1 switched off and the power supply to the electromagnet 2 switched on after a certain time.
  • the armature 7 is no longer on the pole face of the Electromagnet 1 held so that the spring 12 in the armature Direction towards the middle position between the two pole faces the magnets 1 and 2 can move.
  • the Spring element 19 loaded.
  • FIG. 2 shows a spring arrangement according to the invention, starting from a magnet arrangement like that 1, both spring elements 12 and 19 on the end face of the underlying facing the actuator 15 Magnets 2 are arranged.
  • Anchor 7 is over see push rod 8 with a bell-shaped trained abutment element 13.1.
  • the spring element 12 is supported with one end on the free edge 13.2 of the abutment 13.1 and with its other End on the end face 14 of the magnet 2.
  • the one with the Valve stem 16 connected plate-shaped extension 18 is located itself within the bell-shaped abutment 13.1 and here, as described with reference to FIG. 1, via the Spring element 19 supported on the surface of the cylinder head 17.
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of an electromagnetic Actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve shown, which is provided with a spring arrangement j, such as it was described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the one shown in Fig. 3 The arrangement in turn has an upper electromagnet 1 and a lower electromagnet 2, which are at a distance are arranged to each other and between which an anchor 7 is guided axially movable, the on his push rod 8 the valve stem 16 of the gas exchange valve 15 can act.
  • Electromagnet 2 displaceable in the direction of the double arrow 20 stored and connected to an adjusting device 21, the in the embodiment shown here essentially by an additional magnet 22 an anchor plate 23 and one connected to the electromagnet 2 to be moved Coupling element 24 is formed.
  • the electromagnet 1 and the Additional magnet 22 are here indicated schematically Carrier 26 rigidly connected to the cylinder head 17.
  • the additional magnet 22 is de-energized, the effect a corresponding return spring of the slidably mounted Electromagnet 2 pressed against a spacer 27, of the clear distance between the two pole faces 5 and 6 and thus specifies the possible stroke of the armature 7. in this connection is the anchor plate 23 of the adjusting device in Height of the position line 28 shown in dashed lines
  • the illustrated embodiment forms the second spring element 12 also the return spring.
  • the "working direction" of the additional magnet should be made in this way be that the position of the sliding magnet currentless additional magnet corresponds to normal operation.
  • Sets the operating mode with a short stroke of the armature 7 "Normal operation” is then the anchor plate 23 in the dashed position acc. Fig. 3.
  • Represents the mode of operation with a long stroke represents "normal operation”, the anchor plate 23 arranged on the other side of the additional magnet 22 his.
  • a magnetically actuated actuating device 21 can also be a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic adjustment of the stroke length of the armature 7 by moving of the magnet 2 may be provided.
  • coil springs can also use torsion springs or spiral springs, for example Leaf springs are used.
  • the magnets can have a circular cross section in horizontal section, but also a rectangular or square cross section exhibit. The latter is favorable for the laminated yoke body.

Description

Elektromagnetisch betätigbare Stellvorrichtungen, insbesondere derartige Stellvorrichtungen zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen an Brennkraftmaschinen sind bekannt, so beispielsweise aus EP-A-O 043 426 und EP-A-O 197 357. Die aus diesen Druckschriften bekannten Bauformen weisen jedoch ein spezifisches Leistungsgewicht und einen hohen Raumbedarf auf, so daß sie bei der Anwendung als Stellvorrichtungen für Gaswechselventile an Brennkraftmaschinen moderner Bauart, insbesondere solchen mit Mehrventilbetrieb, nicht einsetzbar sind.Electromagnetically actuated actuators, in particular such actuators for actuating gas exchange valves on internal combustion engines are known, for example from EP-A-O 043 426 and EP-A-O 197 357. Die aus designs known from these publications, however, have specific power-to-weight ratio and a high space requirement, so that when used as actuators for gas exchange valves on modern internal combustion engines, in particular those with multi-valve operation cannot be used.

Aus US-A-4,831,973 ist eine elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils bekannt, bei der an einer fest mit dem Gaswechselventil verbundenen Führungsstange ein Anker befestigt ist, der zwischen den einander zugekehrten Polflächen von zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordneten Elektromagneten gegen die Kraft von zwei gegeneinander wirkenden Rückstellfedern hin und her bewegbar ist. Die als Rückstellfedern vorgesehenen Federelemente sind auf der dem Gaswechselventil zugekehrten Stirnseite angeordnet, wobei an der Führungsstange ein glockenförmiges Stützelement vorgesehen ist, auf das von der einen Seite her das in Schließrichtung wirkende Federelement und von der anderen Seite her das in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende Federelement einwirkt. Bei stromlos gesetzten Elektromagneten befindet sich hierbei der Anker in der Mittellage zwischen den beiden Polflächen. Der Aufbau und insbesondere die Montage der vorbekannten Stelleinrichtung ist kompliziert.From US-A-4,831,973 is an electromagnetic actuator known for actuating a gas exchange valve, in which on a guide rod firmly connected to the gas exchange valve an anchor is attached between the facing each other Pole surfaces of two spaced apart Electromagnets against the force of two against each other acting return springs is movable back and forth. As Return springs provided spring elements are on the Gas exchange valve facing end face, being on a bell-shaped support element is provided for the guide rod is on the one side in the closing direction acting spring element and from the other side acts in the opening direction acting spring element. at Electroless electromagnet is located here Anchor in the middle between the two pole faces. The Structure and in particular the assembly of the known actuating device is complicated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die vorbekannten elektromagnetischen Stellvorrichtungen in ihrem Aufbau zu vereinfachen und so zu einer kompakteren raumsparenden Bauform zu gelangen.The invention has for its object the known electromagnetic actuators in their construction simplify and thus to a more compact space-saving Design.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch eine elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Diese Bauform ermöglicht eine effektive Ausnutzung der Polflächen, was zu einer kompakteren Form der Stelleinrichtung insgesamt führt. Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Bauform besteht darin, daß bei der Verwendung als Stellvorrichtung für ein Gaswechselventil an einer Brennkraftmaschine, das das Stellorgan bildende Gaswechselventil wie bisher, mit einer in Schließrichtung wirkenden Ventilfeder versehen werden kann, die wie bisher, auf einen mit dem Schaft des Gaswechselventils verbundenen Federteller einwirkt, so daß das Ventil im Motorblock vormontiert werden kann. Die Ventilfeder dient gleichzeitig als eines der Rückstellfederelemente der Stellvorrichtung. Das andere Federelement wirkt über die Schubstange auf den Anker der Stellvorrichtung ein und stellt ein integrales Bauteil der Stellvorrichtung darThis object is achieved according to the invention by Electromagnetic actuator with the specified in claim 1 Features. This design enables effective Utilization of the pole faces, resulting in a more compact form of the Actuator leads overall. Another advantage of this Design is that when used as an actuator for a gas exchange valve on an internal combustion engine, the gas exchange valve forming the actuator as before, provided with a valve spring acting in the closing direction can be, as before, on one with the shaft of the Gas exchange valve connected spring plate acts so that the valve can be pre-assembled in the engine block. The valve spring also serves as one of the return spring elements the actuator. The other spring element acts on the Push rod on the anchor of the adjusting device and sets an integral part of the actuator

Die mit dem Anker fest verbundene Schubstange und das mit dem ersten Federelement verbundene Gaswechselventil sind geteilt ausgeführt und stehen kraftschlüssig miteinander in Verbindung. Durch diese Unterteilung kann der Anker mit dem festverbundenen Teil der Schubstange eine rein axiale Bewegung ausführen, während das mit dem Federelement verbundene Gaswechselventil beispielsweise bei der Verwendung einer Schraubenfeder als Federelement ohne Beeinflussung des Ankers die bei der Bewegung auftretende Federrotation ausführen kann.The push rod firmly connected to the anchor and the one with the Gas spring valve connected to the first spring element are divided executed and are non-positively connected. Through this subdivision, the anchor can be connected to the fixed one Part of the push rod a purely axial movement run while the gas exchange valve connected to the spring element for example when using a coil spring as a spring element without influencing the armature can perform spring rotation occurring during the movement.

Durch diese Abkoppelung des Ankers mit seiner Schubstange vom Gaswechselventil wird bei der Verwendung einer Schraubenfeder als erstes Federelement bewirkt, daß das Gaswechselventil die im Betrieb auftretende Federrotation ohne Beeinflussung des Ankers ausführen kann. Damit ist die erwünschte Rotation des Gaswechselventils auf seinem Ventilsitz einerseits ermöglicht, andererseits die bei eckigem Anker unerwünschte Rotation vermieden.By decoupling the anchor with its push rod from Gas exchange valve is used when using a coil spring as the first spring element causes the gas exchange valve Spring rotation occurring during operation without influencing the Anchor can run. This is the desired rotation of the Allows gas exchange valve on its valve seat on the one hand on the other hand, the undesired rotation in the case of angular anchors avoided.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 2 gegeben. Dadurch, daß die beiden gegeneinander wirkenden Federelemente nur auf der dem Stellorgan zugekehrten Seite des Elektromagneten angeordnet sind, wobei ein Federelement auf die Schubstange und das andere Federelement auf einen Ansatz am Stellorgan einwirkt und daß die Schubstange und der Ansatz kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind und das eine Federelement das andere Federelement teleskopartig umgreift, kann noch die Bauhöhe reduziert werden.A particularly advantageous embodiment is due to the features of claim 2 given. In that the two against each other acting spring elements only on the the actuator facing side of the electromagnet are arranged, wherein one spring element on the push rod and the other spring element acts on an approach on the actuator and that the Push rod and the approach are non-positively connected and the one spring element is the other spring element grips telescopically, the overall height can be reduced.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß bei den Elektromagneten jeweils die Magnetspule mit einem geblechten Jochkörper verbunden ist, so daß das Entstehen von Wirbelströmen vermindert wird.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that the solenoid in each case the solenoid is connected to a laminated yoke body, so that the formation of eddy currents is reduced.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß einer der beiden Elektromagneten in Bewegungsrichtung des Ankers verschiebbar gelagert und mit einer Stelleinrichtung verbunden ist, die einen Zusatz-Elektromagenten aufweist und durch die der Abstand der einander zugekehrten Polflächen der beiden Elektromagneten veränderbar ist, wobei der verschiebbar gelagerte Elektromagnet im Zusammenwirken mit dem als Rückstellfeder wirkenden zweiten Federelement in zwei verschiedenen Endlagen gehalten werden kann. Hierdurch ist es möglich, den Abstand der Polflächen der beiden einander zugeordneten Elektromagneten und damit auch den Hub des Ankers und dementsprechend auch den Hub des zu betätigenden Stellorgans zu verändern.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that one of the two electromagnets in the direction of movement of the anchor slidably mounted and with a Actuator is connected, which is an additional electromagnetic has and by which the distance of the facing each other Pole surfaces of the two electromagnets can be changed is, the displaceably mounted electromagnet in cooperation with the second spring element acting as a return spring be held in two different end positions can. This makes it possible to determine the distance between the pole faces of the two mutually associated electromagnets and thus also the stroke of the armature and, accordingly, the stroke of the to be operated actuator.

Die Erfindung wird anhand schematischer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Stelleinrichtung zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einem Verbrennungsmotor,
Fig. 2
in vergrößerter Darstellung eine spezielle Federschaltung,
Fig. 3
eine Stelleinrichtung mit verstellbarem Hub.
The invention is explained in more detail using schematic exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Fig. 1
an actuating device for actuating a gas exchange valve on an internal combustion engine,
Fig. 2
a special spring circuit in an enlarged view,
Fig. 3
an actuator with adjustable stroke.

Anhand von Fig. 1 wird der prinzipielle Aufbau und die Funktion einer Stelleinrichtung zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventiles beschrieben. Diese weist zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete Stellmagnete 1 und 2 auf, deren Jochkörper mit Magnetspulen 3 und 4 versehen sind. Die Anordnung ist hierbei so getroffen, daß die jeweiligen Polflächen 5 und 6 einander gegenüberliegen. Zwischen den beiden Polflächen 5 und 6 ist ein Anker 7 angeordnet, der mit einer zweiteilig ausgebildeten Schubstange 8 verbunden ist, wobei der eine Schubstangenteil 8.1 fest mit dem Anker verbunden ist, während der andere Schubstangenteil 8.2 auf dem Anker 7 aufsitzt.1, the basic structure and function an actuating device for actuating a gas exchange valve described. This has two spaced apart arranged adjusting magnets 1 and 2, the yoke body with Solenoid coils 3 and 4 are provided. The arrangement is here taken so that the respective pole faces 5 and 6 each other are opposite. Is between the two pole faces 5 and 6 an anchor 7 arranged with a two-part design Push rod 8 is connected, the one push rod part 8.1 is firmly connected to the anchor while the other Push rod part 8.2 sits on the anchor 7.

Die Schubstange 8 ist jeweils in einer Bohrung 9 des Elektromagneten 1 und einer Bohrung 10 des Elektromagneten 2 geführt.The push rod 8 is in a bore 9 of the electromagnet 1 and a bore 10 of the electromagnet 2 out.

Der Elektromagnet 1 ist an seinem dem Anker 7 abgekehrten Ende mit einem deckelförmigen Gehäuse 11 versehen, das als Widerlager für eine Feder 12 dient, die sich mit ihrem anderen Ende an einer Platte 13 abstützt, die mit der Schubstange 8.2 fest verbunden ist.The electromagnet 1 is at its end facing away from the armature 7 provided with a lid-shaped housing 11, which serves as an abutment for a spring 12, which is related to its other End supported on a plate 13 which 8.2 with the push rod is firmly connected.

Die dem Anker 7 abgekehrte Stirnfläche 14 des Elektromagneten 2 ist einem zu betätigenden Stellorgan 15, hier einem Gaswechselventil an einer Brennkraftmaschine zugekehrt. Der Ventilschaft 16 des Gaswechselventils 15 ist hierbei in üblicher Weise im Zylinderkopf 17 geführt. Das freie Ende des Ventilschaftes 16 ist hierbei mit einem tellerförmigen Ansatz 18 fest verbunden der als Widerlager eines Federelementes 19 dient, das sich mit seinem anderen Ende auf dem Zylinderkopf 17 abstützt. Das Federelement 19 ist hierbei ebenso wie das Federelement 12 als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildet, so daß beide Federelemente gegeneinander wirken, wobei das Federelement 19 zugleich als Schließfeder für das Gaswechselventil dient.The end face 14 of the electromagnet facing away from the armature 7 2 is an actuator 15 to be actuated, here a gas exchange valve turned towards an internal combustion engine. The valve stem 16 of the gas exchange valve 15 is more common Way out in the cylinder head 17. The free end of the valve stem 16 is here with a plate-shaped extension 18 firmly connected as an abutment of a spring element 19th serves, with its other end on the cylinder head 17 supports. The spring element 19 is here just like that Spring element 12 is designed as a helical compression spring, so that both spring elements act against each other, the spring element 19 at the same time as a closing spring for the gas exchange valve serves.

Das Federelement 12 auf der einen Seite und das Federelement 19 auf der anderen Seite des Ankers 7 sind nun so ausgelegt, daß die Gleichgewichtslage des Ankers 7 etwa in der Mitte zwischen den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Polflächen 5 und 6 der Elektromagnete 1 und 2 liegt. Hierbei kann eines der beiden Federelemente, beispielsweise das Federelement 12 mit progressiver Kennlinie ausgestaltet sein, so daß die Gleichgewichtslage sich aus der Mittenstellung in Richtung auf den Elektromagneten 1 verschiebt und somit ein einfacheres Starten möglich ist.The spring element 12 on one side and the spring element 19 on the other side of the armature 7 are now designed that the equilibrium position of the armature 7 approximately in the middle between the two opposite pole faces 5 and 6 of the electromagnets 1 and 2. Here one can of the two spring elements, for example the spring element 12 be designed with a progressive characteristic so that the Equilibrium position from the center position towards moves on the electromagnet 1 and thus a simpler Starting is possible.

Wird zum Elektromagneten 1 die Stromzufuhr eingeschaltet, dann kommt der Anker 7 zur Anlage an der Polfläche 5, wobei das Federelement 12 zusammengedrückt und das Federelement 19 im wesentlichen entlastet wird. Das Gaswechselventil ist in dieser Position geschlossen.If the power supply to electromagnet 1 is switched on, then the armature 7 comes to rest on the pole face 5, whereby the spring element 12 is compressed and the spring element 19 is essentially relieved. The gas exchange valve is in closed this position.

Zum Öffnen des Gaswechselventils wird nun die Stromzufuhr zum Elektromagneten 1 abgeschaltet und die Stromzufuhr zum Elektromagneten 2 nach einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt zugeschaltet. Dadurch wird der Anker 7 nicht länger an der Polfläche des Elektromagneten 1 gehalten, so daß die Feder 12 den Anker in Richtung auf die Mittelstellung zwischen den beiden Polflächen der Magnete 1 und 2 verschieben kann. Hierbei wird das Federelement 19 belastet.To open the gas exchange valve, the power supply is now to Electromagnet 1 switched off and the power supply to the electromagnet 2 switched on after a certain time. As a result, the armature 7 is no longer on the pole face of the Electromagnet 1 held so that the spring 12 in the armature Direction towards the middle position between the two pole faces the magnets 1 and 2 can move. Here is the Spring element 19 loaded.

Das System schwingt über die Gleichgewichtslage hinaus auf die andere Seite. Da zwischenzeitlich die Stromzufuhr zum Elektromagneten 2 eingeschaltet worden ist, wird der Anker 7 eingefangen und kommt an der Polfläche 6 zur Anlage. Das Federelement 12 ist nunmehr teilweise entspannt, wohingegen das Federelement 19 zusammengedrückt ist. Da der Ventilschaft 16 über das Federelement 19 kraftschlüssig in jeder Stellung mit der Schubstange 8 in Verbindung steht, wird der Ventilschaft 16 um diesen Betrag verschoben und das Gaswechselventil entsprechend geöffnet. Zum Schließen des Gaswechselventils wird wieder umgeschaltet, so daß der vorstehend beschriebene Vorgang in umgekehrter Reihenfolge abläuft.The system swings beyond the equilibrium position the other side. Since in the meantime the power supply to The electromagnet 2 has been switched on, the armature 7 captured and comes to rest on the pole face 6. The spring element 12 is now partially relaxed, whereas that Spring element 19 is compressed. Since the valve stem 16 via the spring element 19 in a non-positive manner in each position the push rod 8 is connected, the valve stem 16 shifted by this amount and the gas exchange valve accordingly open. To close the gas exchange valve switched again, so that the process described above runs in reverse order.

Da nun die Federelemente 12 und 19 jeweils axial und stirnseitig zu den Elektromagneten 1, 2 angeordnet sind, ergibt sich eine sehr schlanke Bauart. Gegenüber den vorbekannten Magnetsystemen, bei denen die Federelemente in die Magnetkörper integriert sind, ergibt sich ferner eine effektivere Ausnutzung der Polflächen. Die Unterteilung der Schubstange 8 in den mit dem Federelement 12 verbundenen Schubstangenteil 8.2 und den mit dem Anker fest verbundenen Schubstangenteil 8.1 einerseits und die Abkoppelung des Schubstangenteils 8.1 von dem zu betätigenden Stellorgane, hier dem Ventilschaft 16, der seinerseits mit dem tellerförmigen Ansatz 18 verbunden ist, ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die beim Zusammendrücken und Entlasten der vorzugsweise als Schraubnfedern ausgebildeten Federelemente 12 und 19 auftretende Rotation jeweils auf das mit dem Federelement verbundene Bauteil beschränkt bleibt.Since now the spring elements 12 and 19 each axially and at the end are arranged to the electromagnets 1, 2 results a very slim design. Compared to the previously known Magnet systems in which the spring elements in the magnetic body are integrated, there is also a more effective use the pole faces. The subdivision of the push rod 8 in the connecting rod part connected to the spring element 12 8.2 and the connecting rod part 8.1 which is firmly connected to the anchor on the one hand and the uncoupling of the push rod part 8.1 from the actuators to be actuated, here the valve stem 16, which in turn is connected to the plate-shaped extension 18 is, there is the advantage that the compression and relieving the pressure, which is preferably designed as helical springs Spring elements 12 and 19 occurring rotation on each the component connected to the spring element is limited remains.

In Fig. 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Federanordnung dargestellt, bei der ausgehend von einer Magnetanordnung, wie sie anhand von Fig. 1 beschrieben ist, beide Federelemente 12 und 19 auf der dem Stellorgan 15 zugekehrten Stirnseite des untenliegenden Magneten 2 angeordnet sind. In der Darstellung ist der Magnet 2 lediglich angedeutet. Der hier nur angedeutete Anker 7 ist über sehe Schubstange 8 mit einem glockenförmig ausgebildeten Widerlagerelement 13.1 versehen. Das Federelement 12 stützt sich hierbei mit einem Ende auf dem freien Rand 13.2 des Widerlagers 13.1 ab und mit seinem anderen Ende auf der Stirnfläche 14 des Magneten 2. Der mit dem Ventilschaft 16 verbundene tellerförmige Ansatz 18 befindet sich hierbei innerhalb des glockenförmigen Widerlagers 13.1 und ist hierbei, wie anhand von Fig. 1 beschrieben, über das Federelement 19 auf der Oberfläche des Zylinderkopfs 17 abgestützt. Durch diese Verschachtelung der beiden Federelemente 12 und 19 kann gegenüber der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 1 die Bauhöhe reduziert werden, ohne daß die kompakte Bauform der Elektromagnete aufgegeben wird. Die Arbeitsweise entspricht der anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebenen Arbeitsweise. Die beiden Federelemente 12 und 19 besitzen trotz der unterschiedlichen geometrischen Abmessungen die gleiche Federsteifigkeit. Zur Erleichterung des "Anfahrens" kann das Federelement 12, wie vorstehend beschrieben, eine progressive Kennlinie aufweisen.2 shows a spring arrangement according to the invention, starting from a magnet arrangement like that 1, both spring elements 12 and 19 on the end face of the underlying facing the actuator 15 Magnets 2 are arranged. In the illustration the magnet 2 is only indicated. The only hinted at here Anchor 7 is over see push rod 8 with a bell-shaped trained abutment element 13.1. The spring element 12 is supported with one end on the free edge 13.2 of the abutment 13.1 and with its other End on the end face 14 of the magnet 2. The one with the Valve stem 16 connected plate-shaped extension 18 is located itself within the bell-shaped abutment 13.1 and here, as described with reference to FIG. 1, via the Spring element 19 supported on the surface of the cylinder head 17. This nesting of the two spring elements 12 and 19 can compared to the embodiment according. Fig. 1 the Height can be reduced without the compact design of the Electromagnet is abandoned. The way of working corresponds the method of operation described with reference to FIG. 1. The two Spring elements 12 and 19 have despite the different geometric dimensions the same spring stiffness. to Facilitation of "starting" the spring element 12, such as described above, have a progressive characteristic.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Ausführungsform einer elektromagnetischen Stelleinrichtung zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils dargestellt, die mit einer Federanordnung versehen j ist, wie sie anhand von Fig. 2 beschrieben wurde. Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Anordnung weist wiederum einen oberen Elektromagneten 1 und einen unteren Elektromagneten 2 auf, die mit Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind und zwischen denen ein Anker 7 axial bewegbar geführt ist, der über seine Schubstange 8 auf den Ventilschaft 16 des Gaswechselventils 15 einwirken kann.3 is an embodiment of an electromagnetic Actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve shown, which is provided with a spring arrangement j, such as it was described with reference to FIG. 2. The one shown in Fig. 3 The arrangement in turn has an upper electromagnet 1 and a lower electromagnet 2, which are at a distance are arranged to each other and between which an anchor 7 is guided axially movable, the on his push rod 8 the valve stem 16 of the gas exchange valve 15 can act.

Im Gegensatz zu der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 1 ist nun der Elektromagnet 2 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 20 verschiebbar gelagert und mit einer Verstelleinrichtung 21 verbunden, die bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel im wesentlichen durch einen Zusatzmagneten 22 einer Ankerplatte 23 und einem mit dem zu verschiebenden Elektromagneten 2 verbundenen Koppelelement 24 gebildet wird. Der Elektromagnet 1 und der Zusatzmagnet 22 sind hierbei über einen schematisch angedeuteten Träger 26 starr mit dem Zylinderkopf 17 verbunden.In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 is now the Electromagnet 2 displaceable in the direction of the double arrow 20 stored and connected to an adjusting device 21, the in the embodiment shown here essentially by an additional magnet 22 an anchor plate 23 and one connected to the electromagnet 2 to be moved Coupling element 24 is formed. The electromagnet 1 and the Additional magnet 22 are here indicated schematically Carrier 26 rigidly connected to the cylinder head 17.

Ist der Zusatzmagnet 22 stromlos gesetzt, wird unter der Wirkung einer entsprechenden Rückstellfeder der verschiebbar gelagerte Elektromagnet 2 gegen einen Distanzhalter 27gedrückt, der den lichten Abstand zwischen den beiden Polflächen 5 und 6 und damit den möglichen Hub des Ankers 7 vorgibt. Hierbei befindet sich die Ankerplatte 23 der Verstelleinrichtung in Höhe der gestrichelt dargestellten Positionslinie 28. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bildet das zweite Federelement 12 zugleich die Rückstellfeder.If the additional magnet 22 is de-energized, the effect a corresponding return spring of the slidably mounted Electromagnet 2 pressed against a spacer 27, of the clear distance between the two pole faces 5 and 6 and thus specifies the possible stroke of the armature 7. in this connection is the anchor plate 23 of the adjusting device in Height of the position line 28 shown in dashed lines The illustrated embodiment forms the second spring element 12 also the return spring.

Wird nun der Elektromagnet 22 erregt, wird die Ankerplatte 23 angezogen und der verschiebbar gelagerte Magnet 2 gegen das Stellorgan vorgeschoben, so daß der lichte Abstand zwischen den beiden Polflächen 5 und 6 um den vorgegebenen Hub vergrößert ist und dementsprechend auch der Arbeitshub des Ankers 7 um dieses Maß erhöht ist. Bei der Anwendung auf ein Gaswechselventil als Stellorgan ergibt sich somit die Möglichkeit, während der Einschaltzeit des Zusatzmagneten 22 einen höheren Ventilhub zu bewirken, so daß ein derart angesteuertes Gaswechselventil mit zwei unterschiedlichen Hubweiten und damit mit zwei unterschiedlichen Öffnungsquerschnitten betrieben werden kann.If the electromagnet 22 is now excited, the armature plate 23 attracted and the slidably mounted magnet 2 against that Actuator advanced so that the clear distance between the two pole faces 5 and 6 increased by the predetermined stroke and accordingly the working stroke of the armature 7 is increased by this amount. When using a gas exchange valve As an actuator, there is the possibility a higher during the on-time of the additional magnet 22 To effect valve lift, so that a gas exchange valve controlled in this way with two different stroke lengths and thus operated with two different opening cross-sections can be.

Die "Arbeitsrichtung" des Zusatzmagneten sollte so getroffen werden, daß die Position des verschiebbaren Magneten bei stromlosem Zusatzmagneten der Normalbetriebsweise entspricht. Stellt die Betriebsweise mit kurzem Hub des Ankers 7 den "Normalbetrieb" dar, dann befindet sich die Ankerplatte 23 in der gestrichelten Position gem. Fig. 3. Stellt die Betriebsweise mit langem Hub den "Normalbetrieb" dar, muß die Ankerplatte 23 auf der anderen Seite des Zusatzmagneten 22 angeordnet sein. Es ergibt sich eine Energieersparnis, wenn der Zusatzmagnet nur während der jeweiligen "Sonderbetriebsphase" erregt wird. Anstelle einer magnetisch betätigbaren Stelleinrichtung 21 kann auch eine mechanische, hydraulische oder pneumatische Verstellung der Hubweite des Ankers 7 durch Verschieben des Magneten 2 vorgesehen sein. The "working direction" of the additional magnet should be made in this way be that the position of the sliding magnet currentless additional magnet corresponds to normal operation. Sets the operating mode with a short stroke of the armature 7 "Normal operation" is then the anchor plate 23 in the dashed position acc. Fig. 3. Represents the mode of operation with a long stroke represents "normal operation", the anchor plate 23 arranged on the other side of the additional magnet 22 his. There is an energy saving if the Additional magnet only during the respective "special operating phase" is excited. Instead of a magnetically actuated actuating device 21 can also be a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic adjustment of the stroke length of the armature 7 by moving of the magnet 2 may be provided.

Anstelle oder in Kombination mit den beschriebenen Schraubenfedern können auch Torsionsfedern oder Biegefedern, beispielsweise Blattfedern verwendet werden.Instead of or in combination with the described coil springs can also use torsion springs or spiral springs, for example Leaf springs are used.

Die Magnete können im Horizontalschnitt einen Kreisquerschnitt, aber auch einem Rechteck- oder Quadratquerschnitt aufweisen. Letzteres ist günstig für den geblechten Jochkörper.The magnets can have a circular cross section in horizontal section, but also a rectangular or square cross section exhibit. The latter is favorable for the laminated yoke body.

Claims (4)

  1. An electromagnetic actuating device for actuating a gas exchange valve on an internal combustion engine, which comprises a connecting rod (8) which acts on the gas exchange valve (15) which is to be actuated and which is connected to an armature (7) which is guided movably back and forth between the pole faces (5, 6) of two electromagnets (1, 2) arranged at an axial distance from each other and which when the electromagnets (1, 2) are de-energised is held in an intermediate position between the pole faces (5, 6) by at least two counter-acting spring elements (12, 19), and wherein the two counter-acting spring elements (12, 19) are located outside the electromagnets (1, 2) on the end face of the electromagnet (2) which faces the gas exchange valve (15), a first spring element (19) acting on a shoulder (18) on the gas exchange valve (15) in the closing direction and a second spring element (12) acting on the connecting rod (8) in the opening direction and the connecting rod (8) and the shoulder (18) being non-positively connected together.
  2. An actuating device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the connecting rod (8) is provided with a bell-shaped abutment element (13.1) on which the second spring element (12) is supported acting in the opening direction, which surrounds the first spring element (19) which acts on the gas exchange valve (15) in the closing direction in the manner of a telescope.
  3. An actuating device according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that in the electromagnets (1, 2) the magnet coils (3, 4) are located in a laminated yoke body.
  4. An actuating device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that one of the two electromagnets (2) is displaceably mounted in the direction of movement (20) of the armature (7) and is connected to an adjustment means (21) which has an additional electromagnet (22) and by means of which the distance between the facing pole surfaces (5, 6) of the two electromagnets (1, 2) can be changed, the displaceably mounted electromagnet (2) in co-operation with the second spring element (12), which acts as a return spring, being able to be positioned in two different end positions.
EP00123025A 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetic actuating device for operating a gas exchange valve with stacking springs Expired - Lifetime EP1069285B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9420463U 1994-12-21
DE9420463U DE9420463U1 (en) 1994-12-21 1994-12-21 Electromagnetically actuated control device
EP95942673A EP0748416B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetically actuated valve in an internal combustion engine

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942673A Division EP0748416B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetically actuated valve in an internal combustion engine

Publications (3)

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EP1069285A2 EP1069285A2 (en) 2001-01-17
EP1069285A3 EP1069285A3 (en) 2001-05-02
EP1069285B1 true EP1069285B1 (en) 2003-02-19

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EP00123025A Expired - Lifetime EP1069285B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetic actuating device for operating a gas exchange valve with stacking springs
EP95942673A Expired - Lifetime EP0748416B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetically actuated valve in an internal combustion engine

Family Applications After (1)

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EP95942673A Expired - Lifetime EP0748416B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-15 Electromagnetically actuated valve in an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US5813653A (en)
EP (2) EP1069285B1 (en)
DE (4) DE9420463U1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996019643A1 (en)

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DE19747009C2 (en) * 1997-10-24 2000-11-16 Daimler Chrysler Ag Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve
DE19822907B4 (en) * 1998-05-22 2006-07-27 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Electromagnetic actuator with articulated return spring
US6091314A (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-07-18 Siemens Automotive Corporation Piezoelectric booster for an electromagnetic actuator
FR2783033B1 (en) 1998-09-04 2006-06-02 Renault ARRANGEMENT FOR THE ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTROL OF A VALVE
FR2790137B1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2001-07-27 Sagem ELASTIC RECALL MODULE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A MODULE
DE19919734A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-02 Mahle Ventiltrieb Gmbh Method and device for opening and closing a valve of an internal combustion engine
FR2817292B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2003-01-24 Renault METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A COMBUSTION ENGINE TO OPTIMIZE STARTING
JP2002188417A (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-07-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Electromagnetic valve gear of an internal combustion engine
FR2838864B1 (en) 2002-04-18 2004-06-11 Renault Sa ELECTROMAGNETIC LINEAR VALVE ACTUATOR HAVING A VARIABLE STRAIGHTENING RETURN DEVICE
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0748416A1 (en) 1996-12-18
DE19581518D2 (en) 1997-02-27
DE59510563D1 (en) 2003-03-27
EP0748416B1 (en) 2002-04-17
DE59510173D1 (en) 2002-05-23
EP1069285A3 (en) 2001-05-02
EP1069285A2 (en) 2001-01-17
DE9420463U1 (en) 1996-04-25
WO1996019643A1 (en) 1996-06-27
US5813653A (en) 1998-09-29

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