EP1069222A1 - Method of consolidating fibrous and/or filamentary nonwoven webs - Google Patents
Method of consolidating fibrous and/or filamentary nonwoven webs Download PDFInfo
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- EP1069222A1 EP1069222A1 EP00113759A EP00113759A EP1069222A1 EP 1069222 A1 EP1069222 A1 EP 1069222A1 EP 00113759 A EP00113759 A EP 00113759A EP 00113759 A EP00113759 A EP 00113759A EP 1069222 A1 EP1069222 A1 EP 1069222A1
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- temperature
- jets
- nozzle
- fiber
- fleece
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for strengthening fiber and / or filament nonwovens by exposing the fleece to jets of gaseous media for the production of binder-free, light and absorbent nonwovens.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method in which the use of gaseous Working media for consolidating nonwovens with a significantly higher connection effect and a more effective production of consolidated nonwovens compared to the prior art enables.
- gaseous working media compared to hydroentangling a simplification of the process design by eliminating the drying of nonwovens and water treatment and thus a saving in energy expenditure reached.
- FIG. 1 The principle of the process of nonwoven bonding using gaseous media is shown in FIG. 1 shown.
- the fiber and / or filament fleece to be consolidated becomes permeable Transport device, which is covered with a wire mesh, fed to the nozzle bar. It is also possible to feed the fleece between two wire meshes.
- the nozzle bar contains a large number of nozzle bores, their cross section over the entire nozzle length is constant or is reduced towards the nozzle outlet, i.e. the smallest nozzle cross section is located at the nozzle outlet.
- a slot die can also be used. Air or water vapor is supplied to the nozzle bar as the working medium, the Pressure and temperature are constantly monitored.
- the gas jet When using gaseous media for nonwoven bonding, the gas jet also flows Speed of sound from the nozzle when the narrowest nozzle cross-section on Nozzle outlet is located. Print; The density and temperature in the exiting gas jet decrease so-called critical values resulting from the physical conditions at rest derive.
- a polyester fiber fleece with a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 is subjected to compressed air jets emerging from nozzle bores.
- the holes are 1mm apart and are designed so that the narrowest nozzle cross-section is at the nozzle outlet.
- the bore diameter is 0.1 mm at the narrowest point.
- the air jets emerging from the nozzles reach a speed of 320 m / s. According to the set resting pressure, the air jets have a density of 37 kg / m 3 and the critical pressure is about 27 bar.
- average specific strengths of approx. 2.5 Nm 2 / g are achieved.
- the fleece structure before and after consolidation is shown in FIG. 2.
- a polypropylene fiber fleece with a mass per unit area of 80 g / m 2 which can also be mixed with low-melting binder fibers, is subjected to superheated steam at a resting pressure of 10 bar and a resting temperature of 495 ° K.
- the steam reaches a critical speed of 570 m / s when flowing through the nozzles.
- the density of the compressed gas jets is 2.15 kg / m 3 .
- the fleece is consolidated (Fig. 3), the average specific strength is 2.2-2.8 Nm 2 / g. It is not necessary to dry the nonwoven because, despite the cooling that occurs when the steam expands when it passes through the nozzles, the saturated steam temperature associated with the critical pressure is not fallen below.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Faser- und/oder Filamentvliesen durch Beaufschlagung des Vlieses mit Strahlen gasförmiger Medien für die Herstellung von bindemittelfreien, leichten und saugfähigen Vliesstoffen.The invention relates to a method for strengthening fiber and / or filament nonwovens by exposing the fleece to jets of gaseous media for the production of binder-free, light and absorbent nonwovens.
Es sind bereits Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Vliesen unter Nutzung von fluiden Medien (Wasserstrahlen, Luft bzw. Dampf) bekannt. Die Verfestigung mittels Wasserstrahlen wird industriell angewendet. Die Nutzung von Luft, Dampf bzw. auch Aerosolen ist großtechnisch noch nicht realisiert worden, da die in Patentschriften angegebenen technischen Parameter nicht zu ausreichenden Verfestigungseffekten führten. Dies trifft z. B. auf die vorgeschlagene Behandlung von Vliesen mit Luft bei stoßförmiger Einwirkung oder aus oszillierenden Düsen gemäß US 3 120 463 und 3 357 074 zu, wobei konkrete Werte von Druck, Geschwindigkeit und Temperatur des Mediums fehlen. Die Anwendung oszillierender Luftdüsen soll den Coanda-Effekt vermeiden, erniedrigt jedoch den energetischen Wirkungsgrad und ist zur ausreichenden Gesamtverfestigung nicht geeignet.There are already processes for consolidating nonwovens using fluid media (Water jets, air or steam) known. The consolidation by means of water jets applied industrially. The use of air, steam or aerosols is on an industrial scale has not yet been implemented because the technical parameters specified in patent specifications did not lead to sufficient hardening effects. This applies e.g. B. on the proposed Treatment of nonwovens with air in the event of impact or from oscillating nozzles according to US 3 120 463 and 3 357 074, where concrete values of pressure, speed and temperature of the medium are missing. The application of oscillating air nozzles is said to Avoid the Coanda effect, but reduces the energy efficiency and is sufficient overall solidification not suitable.
Die Verwendung von Heißluft und Dampf (überhitzt oder Sattdampf) zielt nach US 3 276 944, 3 360 421, 3 510 389, 3 441 468, 3 616 471, 3 669 788, 3 943 613 und 4 011 124 auf die thermische Verfestigung oder Schrumpfung spezieller Vliesarten aus Faserpolymeren wie Celluloseester, Polypropylen und Polyester ab, so dass die betreffenden vorgeschlagenen Verfahren keine universellen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten eröffnen.The use of hot air and steam (superheated or saturated steam) is aimed according to US 3,276,944. 3 360 421, 3 510 389, 3 441 468, 3 616 471, 3 669 788, 3 943 613 and 4 011 124 to the thermal consolidation or shrinkage of special nonwovens made from fiber polymers such as Cellulose esters, polypropylene and polyester, so that the relevant proposed Processes do not open up universal application possibilities.
In gleicher Weise trifft das auf Verfahren zu, welche die Behandlung von melt-blown - Fasern mit Gasströmen und Gasstrahlen zur Verstreckung, Ablage und gegebenenfalls anschließender Verfestigung beinhalten. US 4 100 324 beschreibt die Einwirkung von zwei vertikal zueinander gerichteter Gasströme auf diesen Fasertyp, wobei der zur Verwirbelung und Verfestigung der melt-blown - Schichten verwendete sogenannte Sekundärstrom mit geringem Druck- und Geschwindigkeitsniveau wirkt. Das EP 0 608 883 beansprucht für die Verstreckung von melt-blown - Fasern und deren Ablage auf einer Sammeleinrichtung die Verwendung von Heißluft hoher Geschwindigkeit, und in US 4 078 124 dienen Heißluft-Strahlen zur thermischen Verfestigung solcher Fasern. In the same way, this applies to processes involving the treatment of melt-blown fibers with gas flows and gas jets for drawing, depositing and, if necessary, subsequent Include solidification. US 4 100 324 describes the action of two vertically to one another Directed gas streams on this type of fiber, which is used to swirl and solidify the melt-blown - layers used so-called secondary current with low pressure and Speed level works. EP 0 608 883 claims for the stretching of melt-blown - Fibers and their storage on a collecting device the use of hot air high speed, and in US 4,078,124 hot air jets are used for thermal Solidification of such fibers.
In einigen anderen Patenten wird die Anwendung von Luftströmen und -strahlen für Filament-verteilung und -ablage bei der Herstellung von Spinnvliesstoffen (US 3 798 100, 4 064 605, EP 0 472 208) oder zur thermischen Verfestigung von Filamentvliesen (US 3 949 130,3 975 224 und 4 093 763) beansprucht. Die Verfahren sind wiederum auf diese Vliesart zugeschnitten und begrenzt, da sie u. a. bestimmte Fasergeometrien (endlose" Länge) und Fasereigenschaften (thermoplastisch) voraussetzen.In some other patents, the use of air streams and jets for filament distribution and deposition in the production of spunbonded nonwovens (US Pat. No. 3,798,100, 4,064,605, EP 0 472 208) or for the thermal consolidation of filament nonwovens (US Pat. No. 3,949,130) , 3 975 224 and 4 093 763). The processes are again tailored to this type of fleece and limited because they include certain fiber geometries ( endless "length) and fiber properties (thermoplastic).
Zur Verbesserung der im Vergleich zu Wasserstrahlen viel geringeren Impulswirkung von Luftstrahlen wird in US 3 751 767 eine Lavaldüse erfindungsgemäß offengelegt, mit der aber trotz >1,5-facher Schallgeschwindigkeit und tiefgekühlter Luft von < -75 °C nur eine Vliesverdichtung und keine hinreichende Verfestigung erzielt wird. Darüber hinaus ist die technische Anwendbarkeit wegen der benötigten großen Leistung der Kühlvorrichtung nicht gegeben.To improve the impulse effect of A Laval nozzle according to the invention is disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,751,767, but with the Despite> 1.5 times the speed of sound and deep-frozen air of <-75 ° C, only fleece compression and sufficient consolidation is not achieved. In addition, the technical Applicability not given due to the high performance of the cooling device required.
Das in DE 3 616 196 beanspruchte Verfahren, mit dem aus senkrecht zu einander angeordneten Düsenpaaren Luftstrahlen auf Faserbänder wirken, reicht unter den angegebenen Druckbedingungen von 0,5 bis 8 bar nur zur Verflechtung der Randzonen solcher Flächen aus.The method claimed in DE 3 616 196, with which from perpendicular to each other Arranged pairs of nozzles air jets act on slivers, is sufficient among the specified Pressure conditions from 0.5 to 8 bar only for the interweaving of the edge zones of such areas.
Das Verfahren zur Verdichtung und Verfestigung von Fasergelegen und -matten, vorgeschlagen in DE 3 715 898, erfordert eine technisch aufwendige Vorrichtung aus einem profilierten, mit Bohrungen für Fluidstrahlen (vorzugsweise Luft) versehenen Walzenpaar. In dessen Kontaktbereich werden die Strahlen mit der Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Faserschicht mitgeführt und sollen dabei eine verwirbelte Faserstruktur erzeugen. Die dazu erforderlichen Bedingungen für eine ausreichende Impulskraft der Strahlen (Druck und Geschwindigkeit) bleiben aber unberücksichtigt.The method for the compression and consolidation of fiber fabrics and mats, proposed in DE 3 715 898, requires a technically complex device made of a profiled, roller pair provided with holes for fluid jets (preferably air). In its contact area the rays move at the speed of movement of the fiber layer carried along and should generate a swirled fiber structure. The necessary Conditions for sufficient impulse power of the beams (pressure and speed) but are disregarded.
Wesentliches Element eines Verfahrens, beschrieben in EP 0 400 551, bildet die Kombination kalter oder heißer Luftstrahlen mit einer Absaugvorrichtung unmittelbar unter der Vliesstelle, wo die Luftstrahlen auftreffen. Dabei wird die plötzliche Volumenzunahme des gasförmigen Mediums durch den Druckverlust im Vlies ausgenutzt. Gleichwohl erfolgt auch hier keine Angabe der für das Verfestigungsprinzip relevanten Druck- und anderen Bedingungen. The combination forms an essential element of a method, described in EP 0 400 551 cold or hot air jets with a suction device directly under the fleece point, where the air jets hit. The sudden increase in volume of the gaseous Medium used by the pressure loss in the fleece. Nonetheless, there is also none Indication of the pressure and other conditions relevant to the hardening principle.
Schließlich ist die Patentschrift WO 95/06 769 anzuführen. Eine Anordnung voneinander getrennter Strahlen, vorzugsweise Dampf (auch im überhitzten Zustand), verwirbelt und/oder schmilzt Fasern vorgelegter Vliese, die aus wenigstens einer thermoplastischen Komponente zusammengesetzt sind. Die Anwendung des Verfahrens ist also - wie in anderen Fällen - an das Vorhandensein solcher Fasern gebunden. Die Geometrie der Strahlen und ihre Geschwindigkeit beim Düsenaustritt sind an die Wasserstrahltechnologie angelehnt. Damit werden die kritischen Bedingungen im Zustand des Dampfes, auch hinsichtlich Druck und Temperatur, jedoch nicht realisiert.Finally, the patent specification WO 95/06 769 should be mentioned. An arrangement of separate Blasting, preferably steam (even when overheated), swirled and / or melts fibers of laid nonwovens made of at least one thermoplastic component are composed. The application of the procedure is - as in other cases - to the Presence of such fibers bound. The geometry of the rays and their The speed at which the nozzle emerges is based on water jet technology. In order to the critical conditions in the state of the steam, also with regard to pressure and Temperature, but not realized.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem der Einsatz von gasförmigen Arbeitsmedien zur Verfestigung von Vliesen einem wesentlich höheren Verbindungseffekt und eine effektivere Herstellung von verfestigten Vliesstoffen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a method in which the use of gaseous Working media for consolidating nonwovens with a significantly higher connection effect and a more effective production of consolidated nonwovens compared to the prior art enables.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die
Unteransprüche beinhalten besonders günstige Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen
Verfahrens.According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of
Überraschenderweise hat sich bei Prinzipversuchen gezeigt, daß bei Verwendung von Gasstrahlen zur Vliesverfestigung maximale Impulswirkung dann erreicht wird, wenn die Dichte in den Gasstrahlen zwischen 2 und 50 kg/m3 und eine Geschwindigkeit eingestellt wird, die der dem Ruhedruck und der Ruhetemperatur der Gase entsprechenden kritischen Geschwindigkeit gleichkommt.Surprisingly, it has been shown in principle tests that when using gas jets for nonwoven bonding, maximum impulse effect is achieved if the density in the gas jets is set between 2 and 50 kg / m 3 and a speed corresponding to the resting pressure and the resting temperature of the gases critical speed equals.
Durch den Einsatz von gasförmigen Arbeitsmedien wird im Vergleich zur Wasserstrahlverfestigung eine Vereinfachung der Prozeßgestaltung durch Wegfall der Vliesstofftrocknung und der Wasseraufbereitung und somit eine Einsparung an Energieaufwendungen erreicht. Die spezifischen Festigkeiten der Vliesstoffe bei der Verwendung von Gasen als Arbeitsmedium sind unter Berücksichtigung des Druckniveaus annähernd vergleichbar mit denen der Wasserstrahlverfestigung. The use of gaseous working media compared to hydroentangling a simplification of the process design by eliminating the drying of nonwovens and water treatment and thus a saving in energy expenditure reached. The specific strengths of the nonwovens when using gases as Considering the pressure level, the working medium is approximately comparable with those of hydroentangling.
Bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf als Arbeitsmedium werden neben Faserverdichtungen und -verwirbelungen auch thermische Effekte erzielt. Wegen der hohen Sattdampftemperaturen sind dabei hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten möglich.When using water vapor as the working medium, in addition to fiber compaction and swirling also achieved thermal effects. Because of the high saturated steam temperatures high working speeds are possible.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die dazugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigen in
- Fig. 1
- das Verfahrensprinzip der Vliesverfestigung mittels Luft oder Wasserdampf in schematischer Darstellung,
- Fig. 2
- die Oberfläche eines unverfestigten und eines mit Luft verfestigten Vliesstoffes,
- Fig. 3
- die Oberfläche eines mit Wasserdampf verfestigten Vliesstoffes in zwei verschiedenen Vergrößerungen.
- Fig. 1
- the principle of the process of nonwoven bonding by means of air or steam in a schematic representation,
- Fig. 2
- the surface of an unconsolidated and an air-bonded nonwoven,
- Fig. 3
- the surface of a nonwoven fabric consolidated with water vapor in two different magnifications.
Das Verfahrensprinzip der Vliesverfestigung mittels gasförmiger Medien ist in der Fig. 1 dargestellt. Das zu verfestigende Faser- und/oder Filamentvlies wird auf einer durchlässigen Transportvorrichtung, die mit einem Drahtgewebe bespannt ist, dem Düsenbalken zugeführt. Möglich ist auch, das Vlies zwischen zwei Drahtgeweben fixiert zuzuführen. Der Düsenbalken enthält eine Vielzahl Düsenbohrungen, deren Querschnitt über die gesamte Düsenlänge konstant ist oder sich zum Düsenaustritt hin reduziert, d.h., der kleinste Düsenquerschnitt befindet sich am Düsenaustritt. Alternativ kann auch eine Breitschlitzdüse eingesetzt werden. Als Arbeitsmedium werden Luft- oder Wasserdampf dem Düsenbalken zugeführt, wobei der Druck und die Temperatur ständig überwacht werden.The principle of the process of nonwoven bonding using gaseous media is shown in FIG. 1 shown. The fiber and / or filament fleece to be consolidated becomes permeable Transport device, which is covered with a wire mesh, fed to the nozzle bar. It is also possible to feed the fleece between two wire meshes. The nozzle bar contains a large number of nozzle bores, their cross section over the entire nozzle length is constant or is reduced towards the nozzle outlet, i.e. the smallest nozzle cross section is located at the nozzle outlet. Alternatively, a slot die can also be used. Air or water vapor is supplied to the nozzle bar as the working medium, the Pressure and temperature are constantly monitored.
Bei der Verwendung von gasförmigen Medien zur Vliesverfestigung strömt der Gasstrahl mit Schallgeschwindigkeit aus der Düse aus, wenn sich der engste Düsenquerschnitt am Düsenaustritt befindet. Druck; Dichte und Temperatur im austretenden Gasstrahl nehmen die sogenannten kritischen Werte an, die sich aus den physikalischen Bedingungen im Ruhezustand ableiten lassen. When using gaseous media for nonwoven bonding, the gas jet also flows Speed of sound from the nozzle when the narrowest nozzle cross-section on Nozzle outlet is located. Print; The density and temperature in the exiting gas jet decrease so-called critical values resulting from the physical conditions at rest derive.
Beim Einsatz von Wasserdampf als weiteres mögliches gasförmiges Arbeitsmedium zur
Vliesverfestigung wird dieser überhitzt, damit trotz der bei der Entspannung des Dampfes
stattfindenden Temperaturabsenkung keine Kondensatbildung im Vliesstoff erfolgt. Bei dieser
Verfahrensführung wird erreicht, daß das Vlies kein Wasser aufnimmt und somit keine
zusätzliche Trocknung erforderlich ist. Bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf können
außerdem Faser/Filamentverwirbelungen mit thermischen Verfestigungseffekten kombiniert
werden.
Die spezifischen Festigkeiten der Vliesstoffe bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf als
Arbeitsmedium sind unter Berücksichtigung des Druckniveaus annähernd vergleichbar mit
denen der Wasserstrahlverfestigung.When steam is used as another possible gaseous working medium for nonwoven bonding, it is overheated so that no condensate forms in the nonwoven fabric in spite of the temperature decrease that occurs when the vapor is released. This procedure ensures that the fleece does not absorb water and therefore no additional drying is required. When using steam, fiber / filament interlacing can also be combined with thermal consolidation effects.
The specific strengths of the nonwovens when using water vapor as the working medium, taking into account the pressure level, are roughly comparable to those of water jet consolidation.
Ein Polyesterfaservlies mit einer Flächenmasse von 40 g/m2 wird mit aus Düsenbohrungen austretenden Druckluftstrahlen beaufschlagt. Die Bohrungen haben einen Abstand voneinander von 1mm und sind so gestaltet, daß sich der engste Düsenquerschnitt am Düsenaustritt befindet. Der Bohrungsdurchmesser beträgt an der engsten Stelle 0,1 mm. Die aus den Düsen austretenden Luftstrahlen erreichen eine Geschwindigkeit von 320 m/s. Entsprechend dem eingestellten Ruhedruck haben die Luftstrahlen eine Dichte von 37 kg/m3 und der kritische Druck beträgt etwa 27 bar. Bei Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten von 20 m/min und beidseitiger Beaufschlagung des Vlieses mit der Druckluft werden mittlere spezifische Festigkeiten von ca. 2,5 Nm2/g erreicht. Die Vliesstruktur vor und nach der Verfestigung ist in der Fig. 2 dargestellt.A polyester fiber fleece with a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 is subjected to compressed air jets emerging from nozzle bores. The holes are 1mm apart and are designed so that the narrowest nozzle cross-section is at the nozzle outlet. The bore diameter is 0.1 mm at the narrowest point. The air jets emerging from the nozzles reach a speed of 320 m / s. According to the set resting pressure, the air jets have a density of 37 kg / m 3 and the critical pressure is about 27 bar. At working speeds of 20 m / min and pressurization of the fleece on both sides, average specific strengths of approx. 2.5 Nm 2 / g are achieved. The fleece structure before and after consolidation is shown in FIG. 2.
Ein Polypropylenfaservlies mit einer Flächenmasse von 80 g/m2, das auch mit niedrigschmelzenden Bindefasern gemischt sein kann, wird mit überhitzten Wasserdampf mit einem Ruhedruck von 10 bar und einer Ruhetemperatur von 495 °K beaufschlagt. Der Dampf erreicht beim Durchströmen der Düsen eine kritische Geschwindigkeit von 570 m/s. Die Dichte der komprimierten Gasstrahlen beträgt 2,15 kg/m3. Das Vlies wird verfestigt (Bild 3), die mittlere spezifische Festigkeit beträgt 2,2- 2,8 Nm2/g. Eine Trocknung des Vliesstoffes ist nicht erforderlich, da trotz der bei der Expansion des Dampfes beim Durchtritt durch die Düsen erfolgten Abkühlung die zum kritischen Druck zugehörige Sattdampftemperatur nicht unterschritten wird.A polypropylene fiber fleece with a mass per unit area of 80 g / m 2 , which can also be mixed with low-melting binder fibers, is subjected to superheated steam at a resting pressure of 10 bar and a resting temperature of 495 ° K. The steam reaches a critical speed of 570 m / s when flowing through the nozzles. The density of the compressed gas jets is 2.15 kg / m 3 . The fleece is consolidated (Fig. 3), the average specific strength is 2.2-2.8 Nm 2 / g. It is not necessary to dry the nonwoven because, despite the cooling that occurs when the steam expands when it passes through the nozzles, the saturated steam temperature associated with the critical pressure is not fallen below.
Parallel zur Verdrängung und Verdichtung der Fasern infolge der kinetischen Energie der auftreffenden Dampfstrahlen sind Faserverschmelzungen, die erheblich zur Vliesverfestigung beitragen, feststellbar. Die Vliesstruktur ist in der Fig. 3 dargestellt.Parallel to the displacement and compression of the fibers due to the kinetic energy of the striking steam jets are fiber fusions, which are essential for nonwoven bonding contribute, noticeable. The fleece structure is shown in FIG. 3.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999133360 DE19933360A1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 1999-07-16 | Process for strengthening fiber and / or filament nonwovens |
DE19933360 | 1999-07-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1069222A1 true EP1069222A1 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP00113759A Withdrawn EP1069222A1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-06-29 | Method of consolidating fibrous and/or filamentary nonwoven webs |
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EP (1) | EP1069222A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19933360A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1553222A1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2005-07-13 | Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering Co., Ltd. | Pressurized steam-jetting nozzle, and method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric using the nozzle |
WO2008119314A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for processing nonwoven fabrics |
DE102007023174A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for treating and solidification of compound, comprises textile flat structure material and fleece, which is made of fibers or filaments, where needling devices have numerous openings |
WO2010088870A1 (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-12 | Fleissner Gmbh | Method and apparatus for producing cotton wool products |
CN101652509B (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2011-07-20 | 弗莱斯纳有限责任公司 | Device for processing nonwoven fabrics |
CN102535015A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-04 | 山东俊富非织造材料有限公司 | Biologically active compound non-woven fabric and production method thereof |
WO2016096883A1 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for loading a fibre web |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102005051666A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Layered fiber assembly, e.g. for preparing preforms, has adjacent fiber layers intermingled when dry by locally applied air jet |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1553222A1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2005-07-13 | Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering Co., Ltd. | Pressurized steam-jetting nozzle, and method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric using the nozzle |
EP1553222A4 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-12-03 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng | Pressurized steam-jetting nozzle, and method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric using the nozzle |
US7549202B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2009-06-23 | Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering Co., Ltd. | Pressurized steam-jetting nozzle, and method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric using the nozzle |
US7562425B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2009-07-21 | Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering Co., Ltd. | Pressurized steam-jetting nozzle, and method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric using the nozzle |
WO2008119314A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for processing nonwoven fabrics |
CN101652509B (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2011-07-20 | 弗莱斯纳有限责任公司 | Device for processing nonwoven fabrics |
DE102007023174A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for treating and solidification of compound, comprises textile flat structure material and fleece, which is made of fibers or filaments, where needling devices have numerous openings |
WO2010088870A1 (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-12 | Fleissner Gmbh | Method and apparatus for producing cotton wool products |
CN102535015A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-04 | 山东俊富非织造材料有限公司 | Biologically active compound non-woven fabric and production method thereof |
CN102535015B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2015-10-28 | 山东俊富非织造材料有限公司 | Biologically active compound nonwoven cloth and manufacture method thereof |
WO2016096883A1 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for loading a fibre web |
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