JPS5966554A - Method and apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric due to air jet stream - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to the application of a high-pressure compressible fluid consisting of a gas or a liquid containing many bubbles to a fiber layer such as a short fiber or long fiber at high speed. Non-woven fibers are intertwined with each other by applying a jet stream! The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for obtaining a 1J-shaped product.

Conventionally, sheet 1 of a single fiber aggregate called a so-called non-woven fabric
Examples of methods for obtaining the 1i fibers include a chemical bonding method in which each 1i fiber is bonded to each other with a suitable adhesive, and a thermal bonding method in which thermoplastic fibers are mixed into the fibers and melted and bonded by heating and pressurizing. , and even mechanical bonding means (e.g. needle locking) that entangle the fibers by piercing the web with multiple lugs! There is +=.

However, using the above chemical bonding means or mature bonding means,
The fibers were bonded together. Non-woven fabrics are affected by the properties of the adhesive used, etc. (a) Properties of MI □
・1 haze □ ・There is a 100% insertion box.
-There are many problems.

Inclined to this, nature 11/J 48'7 j37, 4.9
As disclosed in the publication, the fiber layer to be treated is coated with 1. A thin jet of high-pressure incompressible fluid such as water is ejected at high speed.

As a result, t! was affected by the jet flow. ,! The method for entangling #I with adjacent fibers is 1-chemical.

Does it eliminate the disadvantages of using thermal and mechanical coupling means? However, it is necessary to generate an appropriate jet to couple the output to phase Ij-.

That is, ``three Ql' (the flow has a large amount of energy -4)
]・It acts on the fiber layer as a columnar liquid flow, but the fibers MF under the action of the columnar liquid flow receive acting force only in the direction of passage of the columnar liquid flow, so generally the columnar liquid flow acts on the fiber layer. If it is not thin enough, there will be large openings in the resulting sorted product, and the jet will be drawn onto the surface of the fiber layer, ：・ □ ・：
If the fiber layer is moved relatively along 1',
：11:1 Cut □・Becomes noticeably thinner in some areas, and prevent this.
If the jet pressure is lowered to maintain the strength of the fibers, the bond between the m fibers will be insufficient, and therefore it is relatively difficult to obtain a jet of appropriate strength according to the properties of the fibers. be.

In particular, when the fibers are relatively delicate, a very thin columnar liquid stream is required, and the processing and maintenance of the nozzle used to obtain it are extremely difficult.

In view of the above, in the present invention, fibers such as webs
A thin jet of a high-pressure compressible hot body acts on the layer to train the fibers to entangle, thereby imparting a strong connected 7i4JH to the fiber phase without breaking the stone fiber layer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus by which a highly effective non-woven material can be fltted.

There is a big difference between the fiber entanglement behavior obtained by a compressible fluid jet and the fiber entanglement behavior obtained by an incompressible fluid jet. An excellent f, -1311 entanglement effect not seen in the case of compressible fluids can be obtained.

That is, in general, both compressible and incompressible free jets of one fluid (jet when jetting liquid into a semi-infinite space) absorb energy into the surrounding body after flowing out from the nozzle. There is a large difference in the spread between the compressible fluid and the J1 compressible fluid, and therefore, as mentioned above, in the J1 compressible fluid, The liquid is 1. In contrast, in a compressible fluid, the force exerted on the fibers is only in the direction of the liquid flow, but in the case of a compressible fluid, the flow expands and the jet acts not only in the direction of the jet, but also in the surrounding fibers. There will be a force component that acts in the direction. In addition, air jets have a lower viscosity than water jets, and can easily flow into small gaps between fibers, making it possible to obtain complex deformation and movement effects on fibers, unlike water. By these, the fibers are intertwined in a more complicated manner and a strong non-woven fabric can be obtained.

Therefore, the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention achieves jet action by jetting a thin jet of high-pressure compressible fluid made of gas or a liquid containing many bubbles at high speed onto the fiber layer to be treated. Within a minute range below, # was affected by that jet! condensing the fibers into adjacent fibers within the fiber layer,
- By relatively moving the jet flow along the surface of the fiber layer, the fibers are bonded to each other in a strong connected state.

In addition, the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a retaining plate that holds the fiber layer, and a retaining plate that is arranged opposite to the fiber layer so that a thin jet of high-pressure compressible fluid consisting of gas or a liquid containing many bubbles is applied to the fiber layer. 1. A nozzle for spouting at high speed and a device for relatively moving the nozzle along the surface of the fiber layer. It is a sign. □.

Hereinafter, the method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the principle of the present invention, in which a jet of compressible fluid consisting of gas or liquid containing 1J of bubbles is ejected at high pressure onto the fiber layer 2 held by a holding plate 1L. The discharge ports 3a of the nozzles 3 are placed facing each other 4:i, and the nozzles 3
From its fiber layer 2 pa to thin high J-E width +I:l! I'
[This shows a configuration in which the fiber Mt layer 2 and the nozzle 3 are moved relative to each other without releasing the flow.
11. +5', 5 is the small 11. of the fiber layer 2 outside the IWI flow area. 1. movement and movement from the Kameya Formation. Money 1. eye#
6 is a high-pressure hose that connects a chain (not shown) and a nozzle for generating pressure. It is. □ □.

In configuration 1-, high-pressure compressible fluid is jetted 7+it from the discharge 1=+3a of the gonostle 3 to the 16 ME layer 2.
, 4 is further ejected, within a small range of the jet action f, the fiber M is directly affected by the further jet, and along with the flow, the fiber M is rapidly transferred within the layer mr'. By moving the jet along the surface of the fiber layer, the fibers that have been affected by the jet become entangled with other fibers, while the entire fiber layer is formed. , fiber M and phase 1rJ- are bonded in a strongly connected state, resulting in a so-called non-woven fabric structure.

In this case, the fiber entanglement behavior obtained by one flow of fluid during compression is different from the fiber entanglement behavior due to the jet of incompressible fluid, and the free jet is □Extremely wider spread than in the case of an incompressible fluid, and therefore □The expansion of the flow causes an action in the direction of the jet 4' on the fiber ml that the jet is hitting. Not only the force component, but also the acting force component around it directed in the direction of radiation 04 will act, and □ will also cause the compression of air, etc. The fluid jet I has a lower viscosity than the incompressible fluid jet of water, and easily flows into the small gaps between the fibers M. In this respect, water, 1: is different. Obtaining complex deformation and movement action □ on the fibers 61: By these □, the fibers are entangled in a more complex □ 1. It is possible to create a strong non-woven 4F material.

According to the present invention, a non-woven fabric-like article is formed.
It is also acceptable to use a ``two-layer wind'' 21 □' of the fibers M arranged in the same direction, or a cross-shaped fnl. Furthermore, as the compressible fluid that acts on the fibers, it is possible to use a gas such as air or water containing many bubbles, and to keep the fluid constant. It is also possible to eject water from the nozzle by applying pressure, or eject it in a decisive manner using pulsating pressure. □ The holding board for the fiber layer 2 has the function of holding the fiber layer 2, so for example, a perforated board or a wire mesh '9
It is also possible to use S, but if □ is formed by plate-shaped body □ at 4', the jet will penetrate through the fiber layer 2 and form # on the plate-shaped body.
The flow caused by bumping also causes fiber transfer, which strengthens the entanglement of the fibers.
can.

The transfer of the fibers accompanying the action of the jet 4 described above must occur in a minute range of the fiber layer 2. - The movement of m′ female □ over a large range will cause the separation of the fibers from the fiber layer. ,
This will cause scattering and destruction of the fiber layer. Therefore, the diameter of the discharge opening of the nozzle 3, that is, the diameter of the jet stream 4, varies depending on the type of fluid to be ejected, the thickness of the fibers, the thickness of the fiber layer, etc., but the appropriate value is 1 to 1. The competition is 0.05-1.
It is appropriate to set it to about O+1m.

In addition, the ejection pressure of the jet is related to the strength of directly transferring the fiber □ and the strength of the turbulence □ of the flow of one jet colliding with the holding plate l, 1 type, Nozzle □' Lume □ Discharge 1 outlet diameter, □ distance from the nozzle outlet to the fiber layer, and □Musuru and 0S capital layer □ in Japanese, 1 movement speed, etc., and 4 types and shapes of the fibers constituting the fiber layer (length, thickness, crimp shape, D, etc.)1. and the characteristics of the product, etc., but in general, 1.
A pressure of about 0.00 to 500 Kg/cm' is employed.

However, in the comparison of ↓1 go, which uses a compressible fluid, it is necessary to use a higher pressure.

After acting on the fiber layer, l'i'jR of the liquid such as ice is contained in the fiber layer and moves with it, but the rest flows out along the retaining plate 1, and in this case, it moves along with the movement of the fiber layer. The ice contained in the fiber layer can also be flowed out by the roller 5.

When the fibrous layer is wetted by a fluid such as water, the fibers in the fibrous layer become very mobile75? It is in. In such a case, when an air jet is ejected against the fiber layer, the air jet acts on the surrounding water as well as 00M, and has the effect of causing a vortex-like local flow on the water. It is possible to obtain an entangling action of large fibers M[.

- When the holding plate 1 is formed of a plate-shaped body, when the air in the fiber layer escapes to the outside in response to the inflow of a jet stream, the air may disturb the fiber layer. It is effective to use a plate, a wire mesh, etc., and it is also possible to use a plate-like body with many irregularities on its surface.

Note that when a jet of gas is applied to the fiber layer, scattering of the fibers can also be prevented by spraying wood onto the fiber layer in advance.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, in which the holding plate that holds the m-layer 12 is constituted by an endless peltrometer that transports the m-layer at a constant speed. , a nozzle 13 for ejecting a jet of high-pressure water 14 toward the fiber layer is arranged opposite to the fiber layer 12 on the jet action area between the two pairs of presser rollers 15 and 15 that sandwich the fiber layer X2 together with the endless belt. The nozzle 13 is connected to a high pressure pump 17 by a high pressure hose 16. The illustrated high-pressure pump 17 is a double-acting type equipped with a piston 50 that is reciprocated by a drive device 18, and when the piston 19 reciprocates, the piston 18 on both sides within the cylinder 20 is The fluid inside is alternately pressurized and the nozzle 13 is
, I to supply air whose outlet pressure is pulsating.

”The trick nozzle 13 holds its holding member 21 at 1, ll+l.
It is screwed into a screw shaft 23 on one unit 22, and supported by a drive device 24 so as to be reciprocated in a lateral direction intersecting the traveling direction of the fiber layer 12 by rotation of the screw shaft 23. ,
Although a single nozzle is shown in the drawing, a plurality of nozzles can be installed in parallel laterally.

In addition, the above-mentioned endless bell) I+ is stretched between the rollers 25 and 25 and is driven to transport the fiber layer 12 at an appropriate speed, and each roller 2! j, on 25 is a presser foot 1-ra 26° 2B that presses and moves the fiber layer 12.
A tank 27 is placed on the endless belt 11 to receive the wood flowing out or squeezed out from the fiber layer.
is installed below the endless belt 11. This endless belt 11 can be formed of, for example, a steel belt, a mesh belt, etc., or a drum can be used instead of this endless belt.

Next, we will compare the effects of the method and apparatus of the present invention described above with No. 1 - Using a compressible fluid, especially in terms of the quality of jets of compressible fluid and incompressible fluid. Regarding the points that greatly affect the entanglement and twisting behavior of fibers,
The differences are shown in comparison.

■ There is a large difference in the amount of kinetic energy of jets between compressible and incompressible fluids, such as air and water, with the latter being larger than the former. Therefore, a jet jet using an incompressible fluid cannot be applied to a fiber layer made of particularly delicate fibers. However, when a compressible fluid is used as in the present invention, a relatively wide variety of jet jets can be applied by adjusting the jet pressure. It can be applied to various fibers.

(2) Compared to jets of water, jets of air can easily generate high-speed airflows, and jet elements such as flow velocity can be controlled, making adjustments as described in h. can.

(1) Air jets have a lower viscosity than water jets, and can easily flow into small gaps, causing complex fiber deformation and dislocation effects that are different from water. I can do that.

(4) Compared to water flow, air flow treatment is easier to handle as a process. For example, when an air stream is used, the entire process is dry, and there is no need for drying and related processes as in the case of using a water stream.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a side sectional view and a plan view of an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. 1...Retaining plate, 2,12--fiber layer, 3.13-
- Nozzle, 4, 14, e jet, 11, endless belt. designated agent

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. High-pressure compressibility of gas or liquid containing many bubbles to the fiber mt layer to be treated 111. By ejecting a thin jet from the body at high speed, l! Within a minute range downstream of I'l flow, the action of the jet flow is caused to intertwine with the adjacent fibers in the fiber layer, and the jet flow is caused to flow relatively along the surface of the fiber M1 layer. 24. Holds the fiber J1 layer by moving (by doing so, the fiber M [manufacturing force ν of a non-woven fabric by a gas jet characterized by bonding the phase crabs in a strongly connected state)]. Holding plate and fibers M on the plate
a nozzle disposed opposite to the fiber layer to eject a thin jet of high-pressure compressible fluid made of gas or a liquid containing many air bubbles at high speed; 1. A device for producing a non-woven fabric using a gas jet, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for moving the non-woven fabric material.