EP1066434A1

EP1066434A1 - Floor tile

Info

Publication number: EP1066434A1
Application number: EP99922076A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mark Korzilius
Original assignee: Casa Da Vinci Bodensysteme & Co KG GmbH
Current assignee: Casa Da Vinci Bodensysteme & Co KG GmbH
Priority date: 1998-03-26
Filing date: 1999-03-24
Publication date: 2001-01-10
Also published as: WO1999049152A1; AU3925899A

Abstract

The invention relates to a floor tile (1) for interior floors, comprising a ceramic, stone, stoneware, glass or plastic covering element (3) and an energy-elastic, mat-like supporting/insulating base (2) which is firmly joined to the covering element by means of an adhesive layer. The floor tiles are loosely laid next to each other on a level, finished floor and form the floor covering. The joints are either jointed in a liquid-tight manner using a joint filling compound or not jointed. The covering element on the one side overlaps (7) the supporting/insulating base (2) on at least two of adjoining faces (5, 6) and on the other side (8, 9) leaves a support area (10) uncovered on said base. The aim of the invention is to improve a floor tile (1) of the type described above in such a way that said floor tile (1) can be laid on floors already covered with tiles, carpet, parquet flooring or plastic material or on new, as yet uncovered floors in an economical manner and such that it both provides high footstep-sound and heat insulation and can be removed from said floors without damaging them. To this end the supporting/insulating base (2) consists of between 50 and 37.5 weight % latex and between 5 and 15 weight % PUR adhesive, with the remainder being made up of coconut fibres for reinforcement.

Description

Floor slab

The invention relates to a floor tile for interior flooring with a covering element made of ceramic, stone, earthenware, glass or plastic and a hard elastic, mat-like support / insulation underlay which is firmly connected to the covering element by an adhesive layer and which hard-elastic, mat-like support / insulation underlay, which floor plates are finished on a plan Laying on the floor, loosely joined together, form the floor covering, the joints optionally being sealed or non-jointed by a joint compound, the covering element on the one hand overlapping the support / insulation underlay on at least two of its adjoining end faces and on the other hand leaving a support on the underlay. A generic floor covering is known from EP 0 239 041 B1. This consists of ceramic tiles and an adhesion-promoting layer that compensates for the unevenness of the substructure, which is formed by an underlay made of open-pore rubber attached to the individual tiles at the factory, which lie loosely or only slightly glued to the substructure.

The covering elements thus formed from a tile and its base are laid at the joints with the tiles being able to move vertically against one another. The underlay has a drainage effect and compensates for unevenness in the floor due to its elasticity. Outside, the joints remain open so that the water can run through the joints and drain into or under the covering elements.

For the interior, the underlay consists of a somewhat harder material such as solid rubber, which, however, must not be made from waste material. The underlay jumps out laterally by half the joint spacing over the joint spacing and forms a circumferential joint spacing. The mutually perpendicularly movable tiles are grouted by a correspondingly flexible jointing compound or a soft hollow profile pressed into the joints.

So that the water can also drain off in the interior, the interior ceiling must be provided with a liquid-tight covering, for example a continuous rubber tarpaulin, and the tile-bearing base must have cavities. The known covering can therefore only be used where there is a corresponding liquid-tight sealing of the substrate. The joints also extend to the substrate, so that when the jointing compound is used, the joint compound is directly connected to the substrate. The adhesion of the covering to the subsurface is increased and the subsequent detachment of the covering from the subsurface is made more difficult.

This known covering is therefore not suitable for laying on any floor in the interior, for example carpeting.

From DE 39 32 951 AI a tile board is also known, which consists of a number of tiles, which are attached to a plate-shaped carrier at a joint distance and held together by this. The support is made up of a base layer for attaching the tile panel to a wall, a foam layer and a support layer for receiving and holding the tile. The bottom layer and foam layer as well as the foam layer and carrier layer are each connected by adhesive. At two end edges of the tile panel, preferably at 90 ° to each other, the respective tiles protrude by a small amount over the support layer. At the other two end edges of the tile board, the tiles are shifted towards the inside of the board by this amount plus the intended joint width.

The foam layer used in this known tile board has a low dimensional stability and tensile strength, which means that there is a risk of the tile breaking if this tile board is used in the floor area. After a short time, an exchange becomes necessary.

In addition, the footfall sound insulation required for floor coverings of this known tile panel, which is only suitable for wall flow, is far too low. Likewise, due to the far too little lateral overlap of the board edges, the composite cannot be sufficiently tread-resistant. Furthermore, a large number of panel components for laying in the floor area are from the prior art (DE 93 16 905.1, DE 84 29 892.8, DE 70 37 131, DE 1 715 436, DE-A 196 31 054, DE 1 733 076) known that do not provide compensation for uneven floors and use an absolutely rigid base. Either these solutions are only limited to parquet laying or the base layers are multi-layered and therefore very complex and complicated to lay. The multi-layered support pads also have the disadvantage that they are expensive and very weight-intensive.

In this prior art, the invention has for its object to improve a floor plate of the type mentioned in such a way that existing floors already laid with tiles, carpet, parquet or plastic or unoccupied new floors with high impact sound and thermal insulation, these inexpensively installed and can also be removed again without affecting the floor covering underneath.

This object is achieved in that the support / insulation underlays made of 50 to 37.5% by weight latex, 5 to 15% by weight. PUR glue, the rest of coconut fibers as reinforcement.

In a further preferred embodiment of the floor slab according to the invention, the coconut fibers consist of a chopped old material, preferably coconut fabric. The PUR adhesive binds the coconut fibers coated with the latex. It is of particular importance that above all recyclable waste material can be used which is inexpensive and at the same time environmentally friendly.

A further advantageous embodiment of the floor slab according to the invention provides that the support / insulation underlay and the covering element have a polygonal shape. For example, hexagonal tiles can be easily installed without departing from the invention.

Another advantage is that the support / insulation underlay can be provided with openings in the area of the adhesive application for an intimate bond of the adhesive layer with the covering element, which openings are preferably designed as punctual holes and / or slots and / or groove-like depressions.

The floor tile according to the invention combines the advantages of the ceramic and / or mineral coverings such as high mechanical surface strength, a variable decor, moisture resistance and easy cleaning with the advantages of plastic floor coverings that can be designed, such as simple and cost-effective installation and readmission (removability) from the floor, without damaging or destroying the finished floor. The floor slab according to the invention is impact sound absorbing and therefore excellently suitable for laying in apartment buildings, hotels, offices, business premises, exhibition stands. It is particularly useful for kitchens and bathrooms because of its easy cleaning, but can also be used in all allergy sufferer's rooms due to its non-allergenic surface. The floor plate according to the invention is characterized by a high degree of flexibility and resumability, so that a design adaptation to the respective kitchen and bathroom facilities is possible without problems.

So it is possible, for example, that kitchen furniture with the matching floor panels is offered in kitchen studios and later the kitchen including floor covering is completely installed by one company. This significantly reduces the overall cost of a kitchen facility.

The hard elastic, sound-absorbing, mat-like support / insulation underlay of the floor panel according to the invention lies loosely but flat on the flat, finished floor. In a rectangular floor plate according to the invention, the covering element is displaced on two abutting end faces with respect to the underlay so that on the other two abutting end faces a support is created on the surface of the underlay, on which the lateral overlap of the next foot plate comes to lie when laying. A composite of floor panels according to the invention is created which achieves its dimensional stability by virtually pushing the individual floor panels into one another in the overlap area.

To increase the strength of this composite, an adhesive layer can additionally be applied to the inner surface of the overlap facing the base. The adhesive layer can already be applied during the prefabrication of the floor slab and provided with a release liner, or the installer applies adhesive at certain points in the overlap area between the underlay and the covering element.

According to the invention, the overlap length is dimensioned such that the floor panels can be laid with a gap between them or that the panels, for example in the case of wood, meet directly.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the floor slab according to the invention, the covering element can also be covered with several smaller covering elements of an adequate shape.

In the event that the floor slabs are laid with joint spacing, the joints between the covering elements are sealed with a hardening or permanently elastic joint compound, so that a moisture-resistant floor covering is created.

In an advantageous development of the floor slab according to the invention, heating conductors of an electrical floor heating are inserted between the covering element and the support / insulation underlay, preferably in the adhesive layer. When the floor panels according to the invention are laid, the heating conductors are closed to form one or more heating circuits. In this embodiment, a support / insulation underlay with low thermal conductivity and a covering element made of ceramic and / or mineral tiles are preferably used. The ceramic and / or mineral covering elements can store the heat to a sufficient extent.

Further advantages and details emerge from the following description with reference to the attached drawings.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an inventive

Floor slab,

Fig. 2 shows a section through two folded at a joint distance to a composite

Floor slabs according to line A-A in Fig. 1,

3 shows a section through two floor slabs folded together at a joint spacing to form a composite with

Insulation underlay openings according to line A-A of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a portion of a floor panel according to the invention with inserted heating conductors of an electric floor heating and

Fig. 5 variants of floor panel shapes according to the invention.

1 and 2 shows a floor slab 1 according to the invention. The floor slab 1 consists of a rectangular support / insulation underlay 2, the surface of which is covered with a likewise rectangular ceramic tile 3. Carrier / insulation underlay 2 and the ceramic tile 3 have a dimension of 30 x 30 cm and a thickness of 8 mm. The ceramic tile 3 is firmly connected to the support / insulation underlay 2 by a surface-mounted adhesive layer 4 and thus on the support / Insulation underlay 2 placed that the abutting end faces 5 and 6 of the ceramic tile 3 protrude. A protrusion 7 is formed on these two end faces 5 and 6 and along the other two end faces 8 and 9 of the ceramic tile 3 there is a correspondingly large support 10 on the support / insulation underlay 2. The overhang 7 of the ceramic tile 3 and the support 10 of the Carrier / insulation underlay 2 is approximately 13.3% of tile width B, which is 4.0 cm in this example.

According to FIG. 3, punctual openings 11 are introduced into the support / insulation underlay 2, which increase the hold of the ceramic tile 3 on the underlay 2. The floor slab 1 according to the invention lies on the previously flat, finished floor 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the next floor plate 1.1 is pushed towards the first floor plate 1 so that the overhang 7 of the ceramic tile 3 of the next floor plate comes to rest on the support 10 of the first floor plate 1 and a joint 13 is formed which / Insulation underlay 2 ends.

The lateral protrusion 7 is dimensioned so that the support / insulation underlay 2 of the floor panels 1 and 1.1 abut and give the exactly desired joint width f.

A plurality of floor panels 1 according to the invention, which are strung together in this way, form a composite which expediently receives additional hold at the overlap regions by an adhesive layer 14 applied to the support 10.

In this preferred example, the material of the carrier / insulation underlay 2 consists of 47.5% by weight of coconut fibers and 37.5% by weight of latex and 15% by weight of polyurethane adhesive. This 10

Composite material has very good strength and dimensional stability, is hard but still elastic and has impact sound-absorbing properties.

With the use of old coconut fibers there is a possibility of recycling, for example of coconut mats. In addition, the old coconut material reduces the manufacturing costs of the support / insulation underlay.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through a floor plate 1 according to the invention, in which 3 heating conductors 15 are embedded in the adhesive layer 4 between the carrier / insulation underlay 2 and the ceramic tile. The heating conductors 15 are introduced during the prefabrication of the floor panels 1. The heating conductors 15 can run in a meandering shape and can be integrated into carrier tapes or a fabric mat, the entire heating conductor arrangement being adapted to the size of the carrier / insulating underlay 2. In the prefabrication, the heating conductor arrangement is placed on the support / insulation base 2, two electrical connections being led to the outside at predetermined locations. Then an adhesive bed is applied. Then the ceramic tiles 3 are pressed onto the adhesive layer 4.

Alternatively, the heating conductors 15 can be arranged partially or completely recessed in the support / insulation base 2. It is also possible to embed the heating conductors near their top during the manufacture of the carrier / insulation underlay. This enables a lower adhesive layer 4 and thus the saving of adhesive.

5 shows shape variants of the floor panel 1 according to the invention. In addition to the rectangular shape explained in more detail in this exemplary embodiment, the invention also includes even-numbered polygonal shapes. 11

List of the reference symbols used

Floor plate 1

Carrier / insulation underlay 2

Ceramic tile, covering element 3

Adhesive layer 4 end faces of the ceramic tiles 5, side overhang of 3 7

End faces of ceramic tiles 8,

Edition of 2 10

Openings in 2 11 floor 12

Joints 13

Adhesive layer of 7 and 10 14

Heating conductor 15

Tile width B joint width f

5 sheets of drawings

Claims

12 Claims

1. Floor plate for interior flooring with a covering element (3) made of ceramic, stone, earthenware, glass or plastic and a hard elastic, mat-like support / insulation underlay (2) which is firmly connected to the covering element by an adhesive layer and which finished the floor plates on a plan Laying on the floor, loosely joined together, form the floor covering, the joints optionally being sealed or non-jointed by a jointing compound, the covering element (3) carrying the support / insulation underlay (2) on at least two of its adjoining end faces (5, 6) Overlap overlaps and on the other hand leaves a pad (10) on the pad, characterized in that the carrier / insulating pad (2) consists of 50 to 37.5 wt.% Latex, 5 to 15 wt.% PUR adhesive, the rest Composed of coconut fibers as reinforcement.

2. Floor part according to claim 1, characterized in that the coconut fibers consist of a chopped waste material, preferably coconut fabric. 13

3. Floor slab according to claim 1 and 2, so that the overhang (7) of the covering element (3) and / or the support (10) of the base (2) is provided with an adhesive layer (14).

4. Floor slab according to claim 1 to 3, so that the overlap (7) overlaps to a degree which corresponds to 1 to 5% of the maximum width (B) of the covering element.

5. Floor plate according to claim 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n e e c h n e t that the support / insulation underlay (2) and the covering element (3) have a polygonal shape.

6. Floor covering according to claim 1, so that the support / insulation underlay (2) in the area of the adhesive layer (4) is provided with openings (11) for an intimate bond of the adhesive layer with the covering element.

7. Floor plate according to claim 6, characterized in that the openings (11) in the support / insulation base (2) are punctual holes and / or slots and / or groove-like depressions. 14

8. Floor plate claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the thickness (d) of the support / insulation underlay (2) corresponds at least approximately to the joint width (f) and is 3 to 20 mm, preferably 4 to 6 mm.

9. Floor slab according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the joints (13) of the adjacent covering elements (3) are closed with a hardening or permanently elastic joint compound.

10. Floor plate according to claim 1 to 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that between the

Carrier / insulation underlay (2) and the covering element (3), preferably in the adhesive layer (4) heating conductors (15) of an electrical floor heating are arranged.