EP1064108B1 - Bending machine - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to improve a bending machine for flat material, comprising a machine frame, a lower beam arranged on the machine frame and an upper beam arranged on the machine frame, with which the flat material can be fixed in position, a bending tool moving device, with which a bending tool can be moved, in such a manner that the movements of the bending tool can be realized technically with simple means and precise bending movements of the bending tool can be carried out it is suggested that the bending tool have a bending nose with a curved pressure surface for acting upon one side of the flat material and that the bending tool be movable by the bending tool moving device between a starting bending position and an end bending position on a path about the respective bending edge which is predetermined in a defined manner such that the curved pressure surface and the side of the flat material acted upon move relative to one another in the form of an essentially slide-free rolling on one another.

Description

The invention relates to a bending machine for flat material, comprising a machine frame, one on the machine frame arranged lower cheek with a lower clamping tool and a arranged on the machine frame upper beam with a upper clamping tool with which the flat material in a clamping level is fixed, a bending tool moving device, which is associated with one of the cheeks and with which a bending tool carrier with a bending tool for bending the sheet about a bending edge relatively movable to the clamping plane in a variety of bending positions is.

Such a machine is known in the art, for example DE 42 06 417 known. This is the case with this Problem, that on the one hand, the pivoting of a bending tool carrying bending cheek is structurally complex, in particular if bending should be as precise as possible.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a bending machine to improve the generic type such that the movements of the bending tool technically with simple Means are realizable and precise bending movements of the Bending tool are feasible.

This task is at a bending machine of the beginning described type according to the invention achieved in that the Bending tool a bending nose with a curved pressure surface for applying a side of the sheet material and that the bending tool by the bending tool movement device between a bending start position and a bending end position movable on a path around the respective bending edge is, which is defined defined such that the curved pressure surface and the impacted side of the sheet relative to each other in the form of a substantially sliding freely on each other.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in that by using a curved pressure surface and the Rolling the curved pressure surface on the acted upon Side of the sheet on the one hand flat material-friendly Bending operations with technically simple executable Movements of the bending tool can be realized.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is in particular to be seen in that essentially no relative sliding of the bending tool to the flat material, wherein the For this required movement of the bending tool constructive easy to carry out.

In principle, it would be conceivable to use the bending tool, for example by means of numerical path control on the for the Move according to the solution provided by the invention. A However, such a solution has the disadvantage that large forces generated for moving the bending tool and precisely controlled Need to become.

For this reason, it is preferably provided that the web of the bending tool defined by a mechanical web guide is given, so that no precise path control of Bending tool with the help of large forces necessary is, but only a drive of the bending tool such, that it follows the web guide.

The web guide can be realized in many different ways be. For example, it would be conceivable to this purpose a slide track to create a train follower. Such Sliding track is on the one hand consuming to manufacture and on the other hand associated with considerable size.

For this reason, sees an advantageous embodiment in that the path of the bending tool by at least one Pivoting movement is specified. A pivoting movement has the great advantage that this in a simple way for realize large forces suitable and in particular in simple way without much mechanical effort lesser signs of wear is afflicted than a Guidance by means of a slide track.

Particularly favorable, the inventive web can then realize when the web of the bending tool by overlaying given at least two pivoting movements, with respect to the advantage of the pivoting movements over Slotted guides on the above Reference is made.

With regard to the training and alignment of the bending nose So far no details have been given.

Thus, an advantageous embodiment provides that the Bend nose with a bending nose tip in all bending positions at least one of the clamping tools facing, wherein in such an orientation of the bending nose only Simple movements of the same are required to enter inventive way to bend the sheet.

The way in which the curved pressure surface and the tool acted upon side of the sheet relative to each other was supposed to move in connection with the previous one Explanation of the invention not specified in detail. So would it be conceivable, for example, to arrange the rolling that a contact line between the pressure surface and the acted upon Side of the sheet away from the bending edge emigrated.

Particularly favorable is the movement of the invention Then realize bending nose when going through the bending positions from the bending start position to Biegeendstellung a line of contact between the printing surface and the impacted side of the sheet on the acted upon side of the sheet in the direction of Bending edge moves. This solution has the great advantage that based on the clamping tools no pivoting the Bending nose itself is required to large swivel angle the inventive condition of substantially slippery Rolling on the impacted side of the sheet to fulfill.

With regard to the training of the printing surface itself were so far in detail no details. That's how it looks an advantageous embodiment in that the pressure surface one in the initial bending position the respective clamping tool has the nearest crest line and itself starting from this crest line of the clamping tool extends away. Such a design of the pressure surface of the Biegenase also expresses himself in an easy way the bending of flat material with as simple as possible To perform movements of the bending tool precisely.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the printing surface sees before that this faces away from the bending tool carrier lying front partial pressure surface, of the Crest line goes away. Such a type of printing surface is particularly suitable for performing Bends of the flat material by angles of up to 90 °. Yet it is more advantageous if the pressure surface is a bending tool carrier having facing rear partial pressure surface, that of the front partial pressure surface opposite of the Crest line goes away. Such a training of Printing area has the advantage that in particular large Bending angle, in particular bending angle of more than 90 °, under can realize simple movement of the bending tool.

Preferably, in the context of the solution according to the invention, that in the initial bending position, the contact line between the printing surface and the applied side of the Flat material lies in the region of the front partial pressure surface and moving in the direction of the crest line when bending.

It is particularly advantageous if the bending nose in a Such bending end position is movable, in which the Contact line lies in the region of the rear partial pressure surface, so that the largest possible pressure surface during the bending process is usable and in particular with a simple Motion kinematics bending the sheet by more than 90 ° is feasible.

With regard to the arrangement of the bending tool movement device So far no details have been given. In principle, it would be conceivable to use the bending machine according to the invention in such a way that the bending tool movement device in the area of side stands of the machine frame is arranged.

However, in order to obtain as narrow as possible a machine and in particular a machine whose extension is longitudinal is variable, it is preferably provided that the Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung between lateral end faces the cheeks is arranged. Such an arrangement the bending tool movement device also has the Advantage that this a more uniform support of the bending tool allowed, so that thereby - especially in long bending machines - problems with sagging of the bending tool can be avoided.

In addition, sees an advantageous embodiment a bending machine according to the invention in that the bending tool movement device in all bending positions exclusively is on the side of the clamping level, on which the Biegeanfangsstellung the bending tool is. By a Such arrangement of the bending tool movement device It is achieved that the bending machine designed very compact and in particular a frontal space in front of the clamping tools, in which the sheet to be bent survives, in the least possible extent by the bending tool movement device is affected to the greatest possible degree of freedom in terms of possible bending operations and / or manipulation operations.

It is even more particularly advantageous if the bending tool movement device in all bending positions between one passing through the bending tool and perpendicular at the clamping level, the front boundary plane and the machine frame extends. Such a training the bending tool moving device has the great advantage that before the Frontbegrenzungsebene no element of Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung and also of the machine frame is present, so that in this area the flat material survive unhindered, taken over by other machines or otherwise manipulated. About that In addition, such a structure allows an inventive Bending machine also the ability to shape several machines to arrange a production line successively, the means that there is a possibility that this over the front boundary level on a machine frame opposite Side protruding flat material from another Machine can be taken in a simple way.

In this solution is particularly noteworthy that the Bending tool itself is the element that on one Machine frame opposite side of the clamping tools farthest over the machine frame and all other machine parts of the bending machine, in particular the machine frame itself and the bending tool movement device, on the machine frame side facing lie the front boundary level.

Even more advantageous is the bending machine according to the invention, when the bending tool moving device is in all possible bending positions between one by the bending edge extending and perpendicular to the clamping level Front level and the machine frame extends. Because the front plane even closer to the machine frame than the front boundary plane, is in this case an even greater freer Room on the side opposite the machine frame created the frontal plane, which on the one hand for a Variety of bending operations and on the other hand but also for exploit a manipulation of the bent sheet material leaves.

With regard to the design of the bending tool carrier itself were in connection with the previous embodiments no details provided. Especially advantageous is it, albeit the bending tool holder in all possible Bending positions between a the bending tool cutting and perpendicular to the clamping plane extending boundary plane and the cheek, since this ensures that even the bending tool carrier on this boundary plane does not survive and thus the bending tool itself only element of the bending machine, which is on a the machine frame side facing away from the clamping tools farthest away from these.

It is even more advantageous if the bending tool carrier is in all possible bending positions between one by the Bending edge extending and perpendicular to the clamping plane standing front plane and the machine frame extends, and thus arranged even closer to the machine frame, so that only the bending tool on the front plane on the machine frame opposite side protrudes.

To bending processes with the bending machine according to the invention to be able to perform in opposite directions advantageously provided that the bending machine of the Under cheek associated bending tool and one of the upper beam having associated bending tool.

Preferably, the bending tools are in the same way formed and each with one for each bending tool driven bending tool moving device driven.

To avoid that the bending tools mutually hamper, for example, it is provided that this is not for an operation on the sheet used bending tool in the rest position can be brought.

This makes it possible for the particular bending tool used and optionally partially bent sheet to obtain the largest possible bending clearances.

It is particularly advantageous if that is not for a Operation on flat material used bending tool always in the resting position so that it can be assumed that the bending tool, if it is not inserted always no hindrance for bending with the other bending tool represents.

This solution includes all the applications in which Use one of the bending tools the other bending tool always in the rest position. But this solution closes nor, if appropriate, that special operations, for example, to folding operations or other special Bending operations or manipulation operations both bending tools be used and at the same time or directly shortly after the attack on the flat material.

To the largest possible size and the largest possible size of bending operations, in particular already bent flat material, it is preferably provided that at standing in the rest position respective bending tool between the clamping plane and the bending tool with bending tool carrier a free from machine elements bending space consisting of an angular range of extends at least 90 ° to the effective bending edge, the means that the sheet is within this bending space unhindered by machine elements of the bending machine may extend away from the chuck tools. In addition, can this of machine elements of the bending machine free bending space also be exploited to by additional Devices additional functions, such as handling perform.

In particular, it is favorable when in the rest position the Bending tool with the bending tool carrier not to the Frontal level, but between these and the Front level remains an additional bending space, which then when bending with the other bending tool can be exploited.

Preferably, the bending clearance is dimensioned so that he around the effective bending edge over an angular range of extends at least 110 °. It is even more advantageous if the bending free space around the bending edge over an angular range extending from at least 120 °.

Such a bending space can be particularly favorable then realize when the bending tool carrier in the rest position near a front surface of the respective cheek stands, that is as far away as possible from the front plane and towards the respective cheek is arranged.

An optimal Biegemöglichkeiten exhibiting embodiment a bending machine according to the invention provides that the bending tool movement of the at rest standing bending tool outside of the angle range defined bending free space stands.

With regard to the design of the bending tool movement device In detail, so far no details made. Thus, in principle, the bending tool movement device all conceivable and hitherto used in bending machines Capture realization forms that the invention Meet requirements. A particularly advantageous Execution of the bending tool movement device provides that these a plurality of facing in a bending tool Area of the bending tool carrier attacking and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge in Fixed distances from each other arranged holding elements having the bending tool carrier relative to the Support machine frame. Such a training of Support of the bending tool carrier relative to the machine frame has the advantage that thus the stability of the bending tool carrier not even - as with bending machines with side stands and arranged in these Bending tool movement devices - must be designed so that this as being free between the side uprights extending part of the bending forces holds and still has a low deflection. Rather, this offers Solution of providing spaced apart Holding elements the ability to the bending tool carrier a plurality of places in its longitudinal direction on Support the machine frame, so that the bending tool carrier only needs to be designed so stable that he over the Distances between the individual holding elements sufficient Has deformation stability.

However, the retaining elements can not only be used for this purpose be that the stability of the bending tool carrier itself can be reduced. Rather, the holding elements can be advantageously also use it as guides for a defined movement of an attack point on the same To serve bending tool carrier and thus also for fixing contribute to the path on which the bending tool at Passing through the individual bending positions moves.

Preferably, the holding elements are formed so that they lead the point of attack on a given path that, superimposed with other movements that contribute to the orbit which moves the bending tool.

Such a guide of the bending tool carrier can be form mechanically especially easy when the holding elements articulated attack on the bending tool carrier. In addition, it is advantageous if the retaining elements articulated against the machine frame are stored.

It is particularly favorable if the holding elements represent handlebars, the one hand articulated on the machine frame and on the other hand articulated attack on the bending tool carrier, so that on the handlebars a path movement of the point the same on the bending tool carrier in a simple manner Define and also easier on the handlebars Make large forces of the bending tool carrier on the Machine frame can be transferred to the bending tool carrier the sufficient dimensional stability during bending too to lend.

Particularly low can be such a point choose when the holding elements on the cheek attack, which is associated with the respective bending tool.

In addition to such an arrangement of a plurality of holding elements Further measures are necessary to the bending tool carrier to move so that the bending tool ultimately the According to the invention required path precisely describes.

This can be particularly favorable in terms of Realize stability of the bending tool carrier even then when the bending tool carrier moving means a plurality from in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge successively arranged bending tool carrier drive units for moving the bending tool between the Biegeanfangsstellung and the Biegeendstellung has.

As in the bending machine according to the invention, the bending tool expediently also be positioned in a rest position is, for example, conceivable by moving the entire bending tool movement device between a Biegeanfangsstellung and the rest position to the rest position to reach. It is particularly favorable, however, if that Bending tool by the bending tool carrier drive units also between the rest position and the bending start position is movable.

For moving the bending tool carrier is preferably provided that the bending tool carrier drive units on the Attacking bending tool carrier in a point of attack and this between the bending start position and the bending end position move on a defined predetermined path. By Overlay of this defined predetermined path with additional Path movements, for example by the holding elements given orbits, can be the according to the invention required movement of the bending tool reach the defined predetermined course appropriate.

In principle, it would be conceivable, for example, for the bending tool carrier drive device so that they form the Point of attack on the track in the form of a numerically controlled Railway movement leads. However, this is on the one hand from the Control effort ago consuming and on the other hand also in terms the forces to be generated for the web movement.

For this reason, it is preferably provided that the web by a pivoting movement about a machine frame fixed Swivel axis can be specified.

In the simplest case, the bending tool carrier drive units are designed so that they carry out the web movements are driven by a drive. It is also for a variety of bending tool carrier drive units a single drive is enough. Especially however, it is advantageous if each of the bending tool carrier drive units can be driven by its own drive.

With regard to the design of the bending tool carrier drive units even no details were given. So provides a particularly advantageous embodiment, that each of the bending tool carrier drive units a pivotally drivable drive arm comprises, which on a first end pivotable about a machine frame fixed axis is and pivotable at a second end via a knee joint connected to the bending tool carrier. Such Formation of the bending tool carrier drive units has the Advantage that this in a simple manner a definable movement of the bending tool carrier for fixing realize the path of the bending tool.

A particularly advantageous kinematic arrangement provides that each of the bending tool carrier drive units is a toggle drive system for moving the bending tool carrier, there with such a toggle drive system in easy way to complex movements by setting the Lengths of the knee lever can be generated.

Around the path of the bending tool relative to the machine frame to be able to define favorable is preferably provided that a first lever of the toggle drive system to a machine frame fixed axis is pivotable.

This could drive the knee lever drive system basically arbitrarily, in that at one of the Lever of the toggle drive system, the drive attacks. It is particularly favorable if the pivotably drivable Drive arm the first lever of the toggle drive system forms.

With regard to the design of the second lever, it would be conceivable to provide a special second lever for this purpose in turn acts on the bending tool carrier. Mechanically favorable, however, is a solution in which the Biegewerkzeugträger at least a portion of a second Lever of the toggle drive system forms.

In order to determine the movement of the bending tool carrier not determined exclusively on pivoting movements to be, sees a particularly favorable solution of the Bending tool carrier drive unit according to the invention that the drive arm with respect to its distance between the first end and the second end formed variable in length is. This can be in addition to the pivoting movements still create an additional translational movement.

This translation movement can be used to, the provided for the bending tool path from the Biegeanfangsstellung for bending end position additionally with path corrections to provide.

Particularly favorable, however, is a solution in which the Length variability of the drive arm is used to Bending tool between the bending start position and the rest position to move back and forth.

For this purpose, it is expedient that the drive arm via a Drive variable in length is adjustable. Such a Drive can in principle be a separate drive, with which at any time the length of the drive arm adjustable is. This would be particularly advantageous if by the Length adjustment also path corrections during the movement the path of the bending tool between the bending start position and the bending end position to be made.

However, it is particularly simple in terms of design, if the drive for pivoting the drive arm as a drive for Length adjustment of the drive arm is used, so that the length. adjustment - for example, to move the bending tool between the resting position and the bending start position - and moving the bending tool on the desired path a drive can be realized.

The length adjustment of the drive arm could in principle for example, by a spindle adjustment or each other adjusting mechanism done. A particularly cheap Solution provides, however, that the drive arm due to a Toggle mechanism is variable in length.

An implementation of such a toggle mechanism provides that the drive arm extends from the first end up to a center joint extending arm and a extending from the center joint to the second end Part arm covers. With such a toggle mechanism is the length adjustment the drive arm particularly easy then feasible, when the toggle mechanism setting different Lengths of the drive arm in different Elongated positions can be specified.

Such a determination of different extended positions can in the simplest case by blocking the movement of the Partial arms relative to each other or by a blockage of the center joint in different positions.

To be able to control these extended positions is preferably provided that to determine the toggle mechanism Blockable by a blocking device which is preferably either on the sub-arms themselves or acting on the center joint.

With regard to the generation of the pivoting movements of Antriebarms were so far no details. For example, it would be conceivable, the drive arm on a To arrange the shaft and the same about this the pivoting movement initiate. However, a particularly favorable solution provides that for pivoting the drive arm on a pivot drive the first arm of the toggle mechanism attacks.

Preferably, the pivot drive is designed so that it attacks the center joint.

A mechanically particularly favorable solution, in which the Biegewerkzeugträger with as a second lever of the toggle drive system acts, provides that the bending tool carrier with Armfortsätzen extending in the direction of the drive arm is provided, each of which with the bending tool carrier forms the second lever of the toggle drive system. It is particularly favorable when the arm extensions rigid are connected to the bending tool carrier and thus each form a unity with this.

With regard to the arrangement of the bending tool movement device So far no details have been given. So provides an advantageous embodiment that the Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung at least partially on the Cheek attacks, which is associated with the bending tool. One such attack on the cheek, associated with the bending tool is, has the advantage that with it the possibility consists, the leadership of the bending tool in part at least support as close as possible to the clamping tools. He follows this over an already described holding element, so it is preferable provided that each of the retaining elements on the attacking each cheek.

A further advantageous support of the bending tool movement device is preferably carried out in that the Biegewerkzeugträgerantriebseinheit on the Wangenträger the respective cheek is arranged and thus also in a suitable Saving space on the machine frame positioned is.

Because by the use of a toggle mechanism the Movement of the knee joint relative to the first partial arm and also to the machine frame is not fixed, is preferably provided that the knee joint in the change in length of Drive arm is movable along a predetermined path.

This creates the possibility of the knee joint definitely to lead and thus the movement of the bending tool exactly pretend.

In the simplest case, it is provided that the web is straight runs.

The realization of the guidance of the knee joint along a track can be particularly easily achieved in that on the Knee joint a track follower is arranged, which along a the course predetermining backdrop runs, preferably the Setting is arranged on the machine frame.

To advantageously different by means of the web To be able to determine positions of the bending tool is provided that the backdrop in different positions relative is adjustable to the machine frame.

Particularly advantageous is the leadership of the knee joint along the track to use the movement between the Rest position and the bending start position of the bending tool set. For this reason, it is preferably provided that the track follower when moving the bending tool of the Rest position in the bending start position along the scenery is movable.

After reaching the bending start position is in one Particularly advantageous case, a further leadership of the knee joint by means of the backdrop no longer necessary because preferably the bending start position is reached then the toggle mechanism in its by the blocking device definable stretch position is. For this reason is preferably provided that the track follower in on the Biegeanfangsstellung following Biegestellungen of the Setting takes off.

In particular, elongated flat material with a to be able to edit the bending machine according to the invention is preferably provided that the machine frame at least one of its transverse sides for the introduction of flat material in the longitudinal direction of the bending edge and between the Upper cheek and the lower cheek is formed laterally open. Such a construction of the machine frame is in particular for flat sheet withdrawn from a coil or for long, laterally supplied flat material parts in one Production line advantageous.

For such a laterally open training of the machine frame it is basically sufficient if one is in direction the clamping plane extending and transverse to the bending edge limited opening is present, which is greater than one Extension of the supplied sheet in this direction. It is particularly favorable, however, when the machine frame in the area of the clamping tools for inserting Flat material also formed open between the clamping tools is, so that also flat material, the transverse to the bending edge has a greater extent than, for example the distance between a guide of upper beam and lower beam relative to each other and the bending edge already side can be inserted between the clamping tools.

Such a design of the machine frame would also be conceivable, if the machine frame has side stand, in In this case, it would only be necessary that the side stand are provided with appropriate openings.

It is particularly favorable, however, when the machine frame is formed free of side frames.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the machine frame provides that this essentially only between lateral End faces of the upper and lower cheeks extends.

An advantageous type of training of the machine frame provides that the machine frame at least two in one Direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge in succession having progressively arranged rack units, which the lower cheek and the upper cheek relative to each other keep moving. Such a solution is particular with regard to the rational production of bending machines with different lengths of the Oberwangen and the Subordinate advantage, since the number of rack units with the length of lower beam and upper beam of bending machine too Bending machine may vary.

Preferably, between the rack units Interspaces arranged. These spaces can, for example also be used, handling devices to provide for the sheet during bending, the intervene in the interstices and thus in a simple manner may be formed so that they the flat material advantageous grab and position to bend.

With regard to the design of the frame units themselves it is convenient if each rack unit has a guide for one defined movement of the lower beam and the upper beam relative has to each other, so that the leadership of Oberwange and Lower cheek relative to each other on each of the rack units he follows. In particular, can be through the variety the frame units also the lower cheek and the upper cheek structurally advantageous form, since the rack units in each case a stabilization of lower cheek and upper cheek represent relative to each other, so that the stability of the Under cheek and the upper cheek in the longitudinal direction of the bending edge far less large than in machines in which cantilever and upper cheek self-supporting between side frame units of the machine frame extend.

The guide of lower cheek and upper cheek relative to each other can be configured as desired. For example, one would be Linear guide for moving the lower beam and the upper beam relative to each other conceivable.

However, it is particularly easy to construct if the lower cheek and the upper beam relative to each other about a pivot axis are pivotable.

Preferably, the pivot axis is such that they are in a distance from the clamping tools on a bending tool the same is arranged opposite side thereof.

A particularly advantageous constructive solution results then, if each rack unit has a lower beam carrier and has a top beam, the relative by the leadership are movable to each other and each of the lower cheek or wear the upper cheek, so that the guide in sufficient be arranged at a large distance from the lower beam and upper beam can.

To from the individual frame units a coherent Machine frame to form, these are to connect with each other, although she already has a continuous under cheek and a continuous upper cheek connect with each other exhibit. Preferably, it is therefore provided that the lower beam support the rack units rigidly connected are, preferably in addition to the lower cheek still another continuous rigid connection between the upper beam carriers the rack units is provided.

Regarding the drive to move the lower beam and Upper cheek relative to each other, it is necessary that at least one of the rack units a drive for a Relative movement of the lower beam and the upper beam to each other having. This one drive would be sufficient in principle.

It is particularly favorable, however, when the machine frame is constructed of individual modules and in particular each of the Frame units a drive for the relative movement of the Under cheek and has the upper cheek.

With regard to the assignment of the bending tool carrier drive units to the machine frame have been no specified details, so sees an advantageous embodiment in that each of the rack units has a bending tool carrier drive unit for the respective bending tool assigned.

To have enough room for between the upper cheek and the lower cheek To obtain einzulegendes sheet is preferred provided that the frame units on the upper cheek and the lower cheek on a clamping tools facing away Attack page.

Particularly favorable can be with a machine frame at least two such frame units a side stand free manufacture a trained machine frame thereby that the frame units between lateral end faces the upper cheek and the lower cheek are arranged and Thus, the machine frame inevitably in the field at least one transverse side is open to this from Insert the flat material between the upper cheek and the lower cheek.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject matter the following description and the graphic representation some embodiments:

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegemaschine;

Fig. 2

eine Darstellung einer Gestelleinheit, teilweise geschnitten in einer senkrecht zur Biegekante verlaufenden Ebene bei gespanntem Flachmaterial;

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 2 bei auseinanderbewegten Einspannwerkzeugen;

Fig. 4

eine Vorderansicht in Richtung des Pfeils X in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5

eine vergrößerte ausschnittsweise Darstellung von Unterwange, Oberwange, Biegewerkzeug, Biegewerkzeugträger und Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung bei in Ruhestellung stehendem Biegewerkzeug;

Fig. 6

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 5 bei in einer Biegeanfangsstellung stehendem Biegewerkzeug;

Fig. 7

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 5 bei in einer auf die Biegeanfangsstellung folgenden Biegestellung befindlichem Biegewerkzeug;

Fig. 8

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 5 bei in Biegeendstellung stehendem Biegewerkzeug;

Fig. 9

eine vergrößerte ausschnittsweise Darstellung einzelner Biegestellungen bei einem ersten Abstand von der Biegekante;

Fig. 10

eine Darstellung der Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung ähnlich Fig. 6 der Biegeanfangsstellung bei dem ersten Abstand von der wirksamen Biegekante gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 10 bei einem zweiten Abstand von der wirksamen Biegekante; und

Fig. 12

eine Darstellung einzelner Biegestellungen bei dem zweiten Abstand von der wirksamen Biegekante gemäß Fig. 11.

In the drawing show:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a bending machine according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a representation of a frame unit, partially cut in a direction perpendicular to the bending edge plane with stretched sheet;

Fig. 3

a representation similar to Figure 2 with moved apart clamping tools.

Fig. 4

a front view in the direction of arrow X in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5

an enlarged partial view of the lower beam, upper beam, bending tool, bending tool carrier and Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung in standing at rest bending tool;

Fig. 6

a representation similar to Figure 5 in standing in a bending start position bending tool.

Fig. 7

a representation similar to Figure 5 with in a bending position following the bending start position bending tool.

Fig. 8

a representation similar to Figure 5 in standing in Biegeendstellung bending tool.

Fig. 9

an enlarged fragmentary view of individual bending positions at a first distance from the bending edge;

Fig. 10

a representation of the bending tool moving device similar to Figure 6 of the bending start position at the first distance from the effective bending edge of FIG. 9.

Fig. 11

a representation similar to Figure 10 at a second distance from the effective bending edge. and

Fig. 12

an illustration of individual bending positions at the second distance from the effective bending edge according to FIG. 11.

An embodiment of a bending machine according to the invention, shown in Figs. 1 to 3, includes a whole 10 with machine frame, which is a variety of rack units 12a to 12c, which in a Longitudinal direction 14 are arranged successively so that between the individual rack units 12a and 12b and 12b and 12c each gaps 16a, 16b remain.

The rack units 12 are firmly connected to each other, for example through on a base 16 for the bending machine lying on and in the longitudinal direction 14th extending side members 18a, b, on which the individual Rack units sit and which also over the Between spaces 16 hinauserstrecken.

Each of the rack units 12 includes, as in Figs. 1 to 3 recognizable, a Unterwangenträger 20, which on the longitudinal beams 18 rests and over this with a Unterwangenträgerkörper 22 rises, at which one in the longitudinal direction 14 over all frame units 12 extending lower beam 24 is held, in turn, a lower clamping tool 26 carries.

The lower beam carrier body 22 is constructed so that this between the lower beam 24 and the front side member 18a has a front wall 28 which is in the direction of a this opposite rear wall 30 formed recessed is and so between the lower beam 24 and the front Side member 18a creates a freely accessible front space 32. Preferably, the front wall 28 has a lower portion 34 on, with respect to a bottom part 36 of the lower beam carrier body 22 is inclined at an angle of less than 90 ° and thus starting from the front side member 18a in Direction of the rear wall 30 rises and then rises into a upper area 38 passes, in which the front wall 28th turn away from the rear wall 30 in the direction of the lower cheek 24 extends to a lower cheek 24 receiving cutout 40 of the lower beam carrier body 22. Preferably the lower beam support body 22 still with an upper part 42nd provided, which is a support 44 for sheet to be bent 46 carries.

Furthermore, the lower beam carrier 20 is still two at a distance arranged side walls 48 and 50, which over the rear wall 30 and preferably also the upper part 42 survive and in a projecting region 52 a pivot bearing 54 wear, with which a top beam 60 swivel is mounted opposite the lower beam carrier 20.

The top beam support 60 includes a top beam support body 62, which in turn has a top cheek 64 with an upper one Clamping tool 66 carries, wherein the upper beam 64 with the upper clamping tool 66 on one of the lower beam 24 with the lower clamping tool 26 opposite side a workpiece receiving space 70 lies, in which the flat material 46 is positionable to this between the top Clamping tool 66 and the lower clamping tool 26 for Bend in.

The upper beam carrier body 62 is preferably designed such that it has a lower part 72, which is located on a the upper part 42 of the lower beam carrier body 22 opposite Side of the workpiece receiving space 70 extends, and a front wall 74, which is at an acute angle to the lower part 72 extending above this rises and up to a rear wall 76 extends, which the lower part 72 with the Front wall 74 connects.

Further, the upper beam support body 62 still comprises each other opposite side walls 78, 80 which extend over the Upper beam carrier body 62 also extend between the side walls 48, 50 in their over the lower beam carrier body 22 extending range and on the Engage pivot bearing 54, so that the entire upper beam carrier body 62 about a pivot axis 82 of the pivot bearing 54th pivotable relative to the lower beam carrier body 22 to store.

Preferably, the side walls 78 and 80 extend with lower portions 84 in the direction of the rear side member 18b and hold a bearing 86, to which a drive 90th attacks, in turn, by means of a bearing 92 in the Lower beam carrier body 22 is mounted and, for example acts on the bearing 86 by means of a drive rod 88.

The drive 90 serves to the upper beam carrier body 62 relative to the lower beam carrier body 22 about the pivot axis 82 to pivot and thus the upper beam 64 with the upper Clamping tool 66 from the lower beam 24 with the lower Clamping tool 26 to move away to the clamping of the To release flat material 46 and this or other flat material subsequently again between the clamping tools 26, 66 to clamp.

Preferably, the drive 90 is as an actuating cylinder formed, which either hydraulically or pneumatically is operable.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, both the Lower cheek 24 and the upper beam 64 in the longitudinal direction 14 over the entire length of the bending machine in this direction and preferably in each case via the outer frame units 12a and 12c, so that all rack units 12a, 12b and 12c within lateral end faces 94 the lower cheek 24 and 96 of the upper cheek 64 lie, and the Workpiece receiving space 70 in so far as he is starting from a region of the pivot bearing 54 in the direction the clamping tools 26 and 66 extends, transversely to Longitudinal direction 14 extending transverse sides 98, 100 of the Machine frame 10 is freely accessible, so that of the Transverse sides 98, 100 from a supply of the sheet 46 in the workpiece receiving space 70 and also directly between the Clamping tools 26, 66, for example, with a front can be supplied overhanging and umbiegenden section 102 is.

For bending the portion 102 of the sheet to be bent over 46 takes place a clamping of the same between the Clamping tools 26, 66, wherein each of the clamping tools 26, 66 a parallel to the longitudinal direction 14 extending Defines bending edge 104 and 106, which then, if this is effective, the portion 102 of the sheet to be bent over 46 is bendable.

Bending of the portion 102 to be bent takes place as in FIG Fig. 2 shown, for example by means of a lower Bending tool 110, which on a lower bending tool carrier 112 is held, wherein the lower Bending tool 110 extends in the longitudinal direction 14 and the lower bending tool carrier 112 is preferably in the longitudinal direction 14 over the entire length of the lower beam 24th extends.

For bending while the lower bending tool 110, starting from a rest position shown in Fig. 5, in which the bending tool 110 in a relation to the bending edge 104th of the lower clamping tool 26 retracted rest position stands, toward a clamping plane 114 for the sheet 46 initially in a bending start position shown in Fig. 6 movable, in which the bending tool 110 at an underside 116 of the sheet 46 abuts and then further in Biegestellungen shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 movable, whereby a bending around the effective bending edge 106th of the upper clamping tool to that in Fig. 8 by way of example shown Biegeendstellung done.

To move the lower bending tool 110 is a as Whole with 120 designated bending tool moving device intended. The bending tool moving means includes, as Shown in Fig. 1 to 8, a plurality of in the longitudinal direction 14 spaced from each other retaining brackets 122, which in the region of a first end 124 by means of a Swivel bearings 126 are pivotally mounted on the lower cheek and in the region of a second end 128 by means of a pivot bearing 130 in a near the bending tool 110 lying Area 132 of the lower bending tool carrier 112.

Preferably, the first end 124 is each of the retaining links 122 in a recess 134 of the lower beam 24 so that the Retaining rod 122 at least with its second end 128 via the recess 134 protrudes and into a recess 136 in engages the portion 132 of the bending tool carrier 112, wherein the second end 128 supporting pivot bearing 130 preferably is also disposed in the recess 136.

Thus, the retaining rod 122 is each with its ends 124th and 128 in the recesses 134 and 136 of the lower beam 24th or of the bending tool carrier 112 and the retaining link 122 extends with a central, between the ends 124 and 128 lying area 138 via a gap 140 between the lower beam 24 and the lower bending tool carrier 112th

By the pivot bearings 126 and 130 is a by a Swivel axis 142 of the pivot bearing 130 defined point of the respective retaining link 122 on the bending tool carrier 112 on a track 144 about a pivot axis 146 of Swivel bearing 126 guided around, wherein the web 144 a Circular path with respect to a machine frame fixed center represents.

Preferably, the retaining rods 122 are over the entire length of the bending tool carrier 112 distributed at constant intervals arranged from each other and store this movable opposite the lower cheek 24, wherein the plurality of retaining rods 122nd the bending tool carrier 112 in the region 132 due to multiple support against the lower beam 24 an improved Bending stiffness against bending of the Biegewerkzeugträgers 112 with partial enlargement of the Gap 140 represents, so that thereby the entire Biegewerkzeugträger 112 while maintaining a constant gap 140 between this and the lower cheek 24 defined to the lower cheek 24 is held and thus the lower beam 24 due to their own bending stiffness against bending, the bending tool carrier 112 also stabilized.

Preferably, the distance between successive Retainers 122 in the longitudinal direction 14 less than 50cm.

For moving the bending tool carrier 112, the bending tool moving device comprises 120 also still several bending tool carrier drive units 150, preferably each a bending tool carrier drive unit 150 of the one Frame units 12 is assigned.

Each bending tool carrier drive unit 150 comprises, as in FIG 6 to 8, a toggle drive system 152, which in turn by a first lever forming Drive arm 154 and one with this via a knee joint 156th connected to a second lever forming arm 158 is formed is.

The drive arm 154 is in turn in a first storage area 160 via a pivot bearing 162 about an axis 164th pivotally mounted relative to the lower beam carrier body 22, wherein the pivot bearing 162 on the lower beam support body 22nd engages, so that the pivot axis 164 fixed against the lower beam carrier body 22 and thus to the Machine frame is arranged.

Further, the drive arm 154 is in a second storage area 166 pivotally connected to the arm 158 via the knee joint 156, which extends from the knee joint 156 to the pivot axis 142 of the pivot bearing 130 extends. The arm 158 is partially by a from the pivot axis 142 in Direction of the knee joint 156 extending portion 168 of formed lower bending tool carrier 112 and a on arm extension 170 following this section 168.

By the drive arm 154 is the through the knee joint 156th defined point of attack on the arm 158 on a circular path 172nd about the axis 164 movable and thereby movement of the lower bending tool 110 can be fixed, which also through the path 144 of the point of attack 142 of the retaining rods 122nd on the bending tool carrier 112 and the lever length between the Knee joint 156 and the point of application 142 and the distance of the bending tool 110 from the point 142 set is.

Further, the drive arm 154 by variation of a Distance between the pivot bearing 162 and the knee joint 156 variable in length, by a toggle mechanism 182, which by one from the first Storage area 160 up to a center joint 184 of the drive arm 154 extending first partial arm 186 is formed, and a from the center joint 184 to the knee joint 156 of the Knee lever drive system 152 extending second arm 188th

To drive the drive arm 154 engages the center joint 184 of the same a pivot drive 190, which, for example is designed as a control cylinder 192 and a Operating rod 194 acts on the center joint 184, wherein the actuating rod preferably also hinged on Center joint 184 attacks.

In addition, the knee joint 156 is provided with a track follower 196 in FIG Form provided a role, which in all knee joint positions the toggle mechanism 182 until reaching an extended position on a whole designated 198 Sliding track can be applied, wherein the slide track 198 by a running rail is formed, against which as a role trained track follower 196 can be applied and along a surface 200, preferably formed as a plane, in the longitudinal direction 202 of the slide track 198 is movable. The slide track 198 is in turn on one of the front wall 28 of the Lower beam carrier body 22 facing end via a hinge 204 pivotally mounted on the lower beam carrier body 22 and on the other hand via an adjusting 206 in the direction of Track successor 196 or adjustable away from it, so that ever after setting the slide track 198 of the tracker 196 in different positions of the toggle drive system 152 at the backdrop path 198 comes to the plant, if by one defined length adjustment of the drive arm 154 assumed becomes.

Further, for length adjustment of the drive arm 154 a provided as a whole with 208 designated blocking device, which is able to adjust the length of the Drive arm 154 provided toggle mechanism 182 in to block different extended positions.

Preferably, the blocking device 208 comprises a Blocking lever 210, which relative to the pivot axis 164 to the first arm 186 pivotally mounted on this is. The blocking arm 210 further includes a toward of the first partial arm 186 and over this and the center joint 184 extending blocking finger 212, which at the second arm 188 can be applied.

Further, the blocking arm 210 includes a on a the Blocking finger 212 opposite side over the pivot axis 164 extending drive arm 214, in turn is connected to an actuator 216, wherein the Actuator 216 acts on a support arm 218, the one-piece is connected to the first arm 186, but in opposite Direction to the first arm on the pivot bearing 162 hinauserstreckt and parallel to the drive arm 214th the blocking arm 210 runs. The actuator 216 is used to the blocking finger 212 relative to the first arm 186th to pivot in different positions, so that the Blocking finger 212 in different extended positions of the second sub-arm 188 relative to the first sub-arm 186 on the second arm 188 comes to rest and one about this Extended position extending extension position of the second part of the arm Blocked 188 relative to the first arm 186.

In a first extended position, for example, shown in FIG FIGS. 6 to 8, a connecting line 220 runs between the pivot bearing 162 and the center joint 184 in FIG an angle of less than 180 ° to a connecting line 222 between the center joint 184 and the knee joint 156, so that the drive arm 154 a by the distance between the Pivot bearing 162 and the knee joint 156 has defined length, which is smaller than the maximum by the toggle mechanism 182 adjustable length, which is given then when the connecting line 220 between the pivot bearing 162 and the center joint 184 with the connection line 222 between the center joint 184 and the knee joint 156 flees.

This second extended position is shown for example in FIG. 2.

The blocking device 208 of the toggle mechanism 182 is further arranged so that the position of the blocking device 208 a buckling of the toggle mechanism in one Kinking when moving the center joint 184 in the direction the pivot drive 190 is not prevented, so that when moving of the center joint 184 in the direction of the pivot drive 190th a shown in Fig. 5 minimum length of the drive arm 154 is reachable.

In the illustrated in Fig. 5 minimum length of the drive arm, in which the connecting lines 220 and 222 a Enclose angles of preferably less than 90 ° with each other, is the lower bending tool 110 in its maximum retracted or rest position, in which the bending tool 110 preferably in a recess 224 provided for this purpose which is for receiving the bending tool 110 in the Rest position is provided in the lower beam 24. In the Rest position are simultaneously the retaining link 122 in one opposite the lower cheek 24 and also the bending tool carrier 112 strongly inclined position, so that the lower bending tool carrier 112 with his over the lower cheek 24th extending area as close as possible. Further is in the rest position the knee joint 156 on the track follower 196 supported on the slide track 198, wherein by the support of the track follower 196 on the slide track 198 the buckling of the knee joint mechanism 182 by pivoting of the first partial arm 186, in particular by train on Center joint 184 due to no stabilization of the toggle mechanism 182 takes place against such a buckling.

Will now be starting from the rest position shown in Fig. 5 by the pivot drive 190 by pivoting the first sub-arm 186 about the pivot axis 164 of the toggle mechanism 182 in the direction of his extended position moved, so the Bahnfolger 196 moves along the slide track 198 under extension of the toggle mechanism 182 in Direction of the lower beam 24, wherein the track follower 196 thereby is held in contact with the slide track 198 that in addition an energy storage 230, preferably a resilient Element on the arm 158 attacks and this preferably in Area of the arm extension 170 is applied so that the Bahnfolger 196 on the slide track 198 so long in Appendix is held, as long as the toggle mechanism 182 his Stretch position has not yet reached. As a result, As shown in Fig. 6, the bending tool 110 from the recess 224 out in the direction of the clamping level 114 and comes here, as shown in Fig. 6, on which in the clamping plane 114 lying and by the clamping tools 26, 66 fixed flat material 46 to the plant, the Biegeanfangsstellung is reached when the bending tool 110th the bottom 116 of the sheet 46 contacts.

The slide track 198 is preferably by the actuator 206 adjusted so that in the initial bending position of the track following 196 still rests on the slide track 198, also but in the initial bending position by the blocking device 208 predetermined extended position of the toggle mechanism 182 is reached, so that the drive arm 154 the for the bending operation and thus the path of the bending tool having provided maximum length.

By blocking the toggle mechanism 182 in the by the blocking device 208 predetermined extension position further moves the first sub-arm 186 in the Pivoting direction 226 for pivoting the drive arm 154 in the pivoting direction 226 in total, which then after Reaching the bending start position of the bending tool 110 also the Bahnfolger 196 lifts off from the slide track 198 and moves according to the path 172 of the knee joint 156 and Although against the action of the energy storage 230. This moves the bending tool 110 in the subsequent bending positions and acts against the underside 116 of the sheet 46 in such a way that this in a first bending direction 232 from the clamping plane 114 upwards, the is bent in the direction of the upper beam 64.

The bending of the flat material 46 can, as in Fig. 8 shown, as long as the flat material 46, such as shown in Fig. 8, on a at an acute angle to Einspannesebene 114 extending oblique front surface 234 of the upper clamping tool 66 is applied.

When transferring the bending tool 110 from the rest position in the bending start position by transferring the toggle mechanism 182 from the folded position in the extended position At the same time, the retaining rods 122 of their pivoted back position in which the pivot axis 142nd has the greatest distance from the lower clamping tool 26, into its forward position along track 144 moved, wherein in the pre-pivoted position, the pivot axis 142 is located near the lower clamping tool 26. To Achieving the bending start position takes place only one in the Significant slight further movement of the retaining handlebars 122 in the direction of the lower clamping tool 26 so long, until the toggle drive system 152 its maximum extended position has reached and subsequently another one slight movement back after leaving the maximum Extended position of toggle drive system 152. Essentially however, after reaching the initial bending position, shown in Fig. 6, due to the movement of the Knee joint 156 on the web 172 pivoting of the bending tool carrier 112 about the pivot axis 142, so that in the Distance from the pivot axis 142 on a knee joint 156th opposite side of the same arranged bending tool 110 also in a corresponding movement on a circular path but not fixed to the machine frame Swivel axis 142 to reach the other bending positions performs.

Performing a bending operation is again in the individual explained in Fig. 9. As shown in FIG. 9, The bending tool 110 has a neck 240 which extends connects to the bending tool carrier 112. The neck 240 wears in turn, a bending nose 242, which to the actual Performing the bending operation is used. The bending nose 242 extends from the neck 240 in the direction of Clamping tools 26, 66, that a bending tip 244 always at least one of the clamping tools 26, 66 faces and starting from the bending tip of the nose, the bending nose 242 from the respective clamping tool 26 and / or 66 extends. Further, the bending nose 242 carries as a whole 246 designated printing surface, with which the bottom 116th of the flat material 46 can be acted upon. The printing surface 246 comprises a bending tool carrier 112 facing away from arranged upper partial pressure surface 248, with which the bending nose 242 in the bending start position first the bottom 116 of the Flat material 46 touched. The front partial pressure surface 248 is bent to one at the bending tip 244 lying crest line 250. Starting from the crest line 250 then still extends a rear partial pressure surface 252nd the pressure surface 246 on a bending tool carrier 112 facing side of the bending nose 242 of the bending nose tip Away.

The Biegenase 242 plant at the bottom in this case 116 of the sheet 46 is a substantially linear Plant, which predetermined by a contact line 254 is, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction 14 and thus also extends in the longitudinal direction of the bending tool 110. In the Biegeanfangsstellung is, as shown in Fig. 9, the Contact line 254 on the front partial pressure surface 248, and while at a maximum distance from the apex line 250. Now, starting from the initial bending position, the flat material 46 bent out of the clamping plane 114, so migrates the contact line 254 on the front partial pressure surface 248 in the direction of the crest line 250 and then coincides with the Crest line 250 together when the sheet 46, for example by an angle of the order of 90 ° the clamping level 114 has been bent out. At another Bending the sheet 46 passes over this angle the contact line 254 across the crest line 250 and then migrates to the rear partial pressure surface 252 at which it rests in all bending positions in which a bend of the flat material 46 with respect to the clamping plane 114 um an angle of more than 90 ° is done.

To ensure that when walking the contact line 254 of the bending start position, in which the contact line 254 with 254 (o) is indicated, to the bending end position, in which the contact line with 254 (n) is designated, a rolling of the Bend nose 252 on the bottom 116 of the sheet takes place, is to be considered in the movement of the bending nose 242, that the contact line 254 with respect to an end edge 256 of the flat material 46 in the direction of the bending edge, in this case, the bending edge 106 moves when the bending nose 242 without Relativgleitbewegung on the bottom 116 of To roll flat material 46 exclusively. These Movement of the contact line 254 relative to the end edge 256 is at the trajectory 260, which the bending nose 242 at Passing through the individual bending positions goes through, too take into account that the web 260 in adaptation to the Cross-sectional shape of the bending nose 242 of a circular path differs.

The determination of the web 260, with which the bending nose 242 from the initial bending position to the final bending position moves takes place by appropriate determination of the dimensions the knee lever drive system 152, in particular the lengths of Drive arm 154 and the arm 158 and the dimensions the retaining rod 122 and the distance of the bending nose 242 of the pivot axis 142. The blocking device 208 allows, as already described, different extended positions of the toggle mechanism Adjust 182, as in Fig. 10 and 11 again clearly is shown.

In the first, in Fig. 10 shown extended position the toggle mechanism 182 is not in its maximum Extended position, but has a length that is less as the maximum possible length while, for example, in the second, in Fig. 11 shown extended position, the Length of the toggle mechanism 182 is maximum.

According to the respective extended position of the toggle mechanism 182 is also a shot of the slide 198 required along which the track follower 196 moves until reaching the extended position, as it reaches each predetermined by the blocking device 208 Extended position, the bending tool 110 each in the initial bending position should stand. For this reason is at the second extended position of the toggle mechanism 182 the Sliding link 198 set with the actuator 206 so that this closer to the upper portion 38 of the front wall 28 of the Lower beam carrier body 22 is than in the first extended position.

This makes it possible to use the bending tool 110 the bending nose 242 at a greater distance from the bending edge 106th on the underside 116 of the sheet 46 in the bending start position to apply, as shown in Fig. 12.

Thus, there is a bending of the sheet 46 in the second Extended position of the toggle mechanism 182 so affects the Bend nose 242 with its pressure surface 246 in one greater distance from the effective bending edge 106 on the Flat material 46, which in particular for larger material thicknesses is beneficial.

However, the bending machine according to the invention does not only include the lower bending tool 110 and the lower bending tool carrier 112 with an associated bending tool movement device 120, but also additionally an upper bending tool 310, which on an upper bending tool carrier 312 is held, wherein the upper bending tool 310 by a Biegewerkzeugbewegungseinrichtung 320 is movable, the in the same preferably identical manner is formed as the bending tool moving device 120.

In particular, the bending tool movement device 320 comprises also Haltenkenker 322, in the same way as the Retainers 122 function, and in this case at the Attack upper cheek 64 In addition, the bending tool carrier drive units are also 350 formed in the same way like the bending tool carrier drive units 150, however, in this case, arranged on the upper beam support body 62.

The upper bending tool 310 is capable of the same Perform bending operations, such as those associated with the lower bending tool 110 have been described.

For example, as shown in Fig. 2, a bending operation performed with the lower bending tool 110, so is the upper bending tool 310 in the rest position, in which it in a depression 224 corresponding recess 424 engages in the upper beam 64. Because of that the rest position, the upper bending tool 310, the upper Bending tool carrier 312 and also the upper bending tool movement device 320 are near the upper cheek 64 and lie close to the front wall 74 of the upper beam carrier body 62, There is a bending clearance above the effective bending edge 106 280 between the upper bending tool moving means 320, the upper bending tool carrier 312 and the upper Bending tool 310 and the clamping level 114, which is starting from the clamping level 114 over an angular range α of about 135 °. This is also the front surface 234 of the clamping tool 66 with respect to the clamping plane Run 114 so inclined that this also um the angle α is inclined relative to the clamping plane 114.

Thus, with the lower bending tool 110 is a bending of the Flat material 46 at an angle of up to 135 ° opposite the clamping level 114 possible.

In addition, the lower bending tool carrier 112 does not move in the form of a pivoting movement about the effective bending edge 106 - as is the case in the prior art - but remains in all possible bending positions of the lower bending tool 110 in one between a perpendicular to the clamping plane 114 and extending through the lower bending tool 110 Front Begrenzungssebene 282 and the Unterwangenträger 20 lying action space and also the bending tool movement device 120 remains in this action space without it rich, so that, for example, the flat material 46 can be easily handled or a shortcut several machines in a simple manner is possible. Preferably, the action space is even smaller and lies between one through the respective effective bending edge 104, 106th passing through and perpendicular to the clamping plane 114 Front plane 286 and the lower beam support 20.

In addition, however, the lower bending tool 110 with the bending tool carrier 112 into the rest position, which is shown for example in Fig. 5. Also in this rest position of the lower bending tool 110 is between the clamping plane 114 and the lower bending tool moving device 120, the lower bending tool carrier 112 and the lower bending tool 110 a bending clearance 284, which also extends over an angular range α of approximately 135 ° opposite to the clamping plane 114, so that also with the upper bending tool 310, a bending of the sheet 46 opposite the clamping plane 114 around the bending edge 104 of the lower clamping tool 26 by an angle of up to 135 ° is possible.

Overall, therefore, with the bending machine according to the invention is a bend of the sheet 46 from the clamping plane 114 out in two opposite directions, namely in the direction 290 to above or in the direction 292 down from the clamping level 114 out possible, where to bend in the direction of 290 the lower bending tool 110 and for bending in the direction 292 the upper bending tool 310 are used, while the respective other bending tool 310 or 110 for creating the respective Biegefreiraums 280, 284 is at rest and the respectively active bending tool carrier 112, 312 remains together with the associated bending tool movement device in the Action space between the front level 286 and the respective Wang bearer 20, 60.

In particular, the bending machine according to the invention allows the Performing multiple bends of flat material, for example first in the direction of 290 and then in Direction 292, and then possibly back towards 290, wherein each of the bending clearances 280 and 284 between the front plane 282 and the other bending tool carrier 312 and 112 are advantageous, since so despite existing bends in the same direction, an additional Bend without hindrance is feasible.

Claims (78)

1. Bending machine for flat material, comprising a machine frame, a lower beam arranged on the machine frame and having a lower clamping tool and an upper beam arranged on the machine frame and having an upper clamping tool, the flat material being fixable in a clamping plane with said beams, a bending tool moving device associated with one of the beams for moving a bending tool carrier with a bending tool for bending the flat material about a bending edge relative to the clamping plane into a plurality of bending positions,
   characterized in that the bending tool (110, 310) has a bending nose (242) with a curved pressure surface (246) for acting upon one side (116) of the flat material (46) and that the bending tool (110, 310) is movable by the bending tool moving device (120, 320) between a starting bending position and an end bending position on a path (260) about the respective bending edge (104, 106), said path being predetermined in a defined manner such that the curved pressure surface (246) and the side (116) of the flat material (46) acted upon move relative to one another in the form of an essentially slide-free rolling on one another.
2. Bending machine as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the path (260) of the bending tool (110, 310) is predetermined in a defined manner by a mechanical path guide means (122, 150, 322, 350).
3. Bending machine as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the path (260) of the bending tool (110, 310) is predetermined by at least one pivoting movement.
4. Bending machine as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the path (260) of the bending tool (110, 310) is predetermined by way of superposition of at least two pivoting movements.
5. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that in all the bending positions the bending nose (242) faces at least one of the clamping tools (26, 66) with a bending nose tip (244).
6. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that during the pass through the bending positions from the starting bending position to the end bending position a contact line (254) between the pressure surface (246) and the side (116) of the flat material (46) acted upon moves in the direction of the bending edge (106) on the side (116) of the flat material (46) acted upon.
7. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the pressure surface (246) has an apex line (250) located closest to the respective clamping tool (104, 106) in the starting bending position and extends away from the clamping tool (104, 106) proceeding from this apex line (250).
8. Bending machine as defined in claim 7, characterized in that the pressure surface (246) of the bending nose (242) has a front pressure surface section (248) located so as to face away from the bending tool carrier (112, 312) and extending away from the apex line (250).
9. Bending machine as defined in claim 8, characterized in that the pressure surface (246) has a rear pressure surface section (252) located so as to face the bending tool carrier (112, 312), said surface section, located opposite the front pressure surface section (248), extending away from the apex line (250).
10. Bending machine as defined in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that in the starting bending position the contact line (254) is located in the area of the front pressure surface section (248) and moves in the direction of the apex line (250) during bending.
11. Bending machine as defined in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the bending nose (242) is movable into such an end bending position where the contact line (254) is located in the area of the rear pressure surface section (252).
12. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending tool moving device (120, 320) is arranged between lateral end surfaces (94, 96) of the beams (24, 64).
13. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that in all the bending positions the bending tool moving device (120, 320) is located exclusively on the side of the clamping plane (114) where the starting bending position of the bending tool (110, 310) is located.
14. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that in all the possible bending positions the bending tool moving device (120, 320) extends between the machine frame (10) and a front limiting plane (282) extending through the bending tool (110, 310) and at right angles to the clamping plane (114).
15. Bending machine as defined in claim 14, characterized in that in all the possible bending positions the bending tool moving device (120, 320) extends between the machine frame (10) and a front plane (286) extending through the bending edge (104, 106) and at right angles to the clamping plane (114).
16. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that in all the possible bending positions the bending tool carrier (112, 312) is located between the respective beam (24, 64) and a front limiting plane (282) intersecting the bending tool (110, 310) and extending at right angles to the clamping plane (114).
17. Bending machine as defined in claim 16, characterized in that in all the possible bending positions the bending tool carrier (112, 312) extends between the machine frame (10) and a front plane (286) extending through the bending edge (104, 106) and at right angles to the clamping plane (114).
18. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending machine has a bending tool (110) allocated to the lower beam (24) and a bending tool (310) allocated to the upper beam (64).
19. Bending machine as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the bending tool (110, 310) not used for an operation on the flat material is adapted to be brought into a rest position.
20. Bending machine as defined in claim 19, characterized in that the bending tool (110, 310) not used is always located in the rest position.
21. Bending machine as defined in claim 19 or 20, characterized in that with a bending tool (110, 310) in the rest position a bending space (280, 284) free from machine elements exists between the clamping plane (114) and the bending tool (110, 310) with bending tool carrier (112, 312), said space extending over an angular area of at least 90° around the operative bending edge.
22. Bending machine as defined in claim 21, characterized in that the bending space (280, 284) extends around the operative bending edge (104, 106) over an angular area of at least 110°.
23. Bending machine as defined in claim 22, characterized in that the bending space (280, 284) extends around the operative bending edge (104, 106) over an angular area of at least 120°.
24. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 19 to 23,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier (112, 312) is located close to a front surface of the respective beam (24, 64) in the rest position.
25. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending tool moving device (120, 320) has a plurality of holding elements (122) engaging in an area of the bending tool carrier (112, 312) facing the bending tool (110, 310) and arranged at fixed distances in a direction (14) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge (104, 106), said holding elements supporting the bending tool carrier (112, 312) in relation to the machine frame (10).
26. Bending machine as defined in claim 25, characterized in that the holding elements (122) are designed as guide means for a defined movement of a point of engagement (142) thereof on the bending tool carrier (112, 312).
27. Bending machine as defined in claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the holding elements (122) guide the point of engagement (142) on a predetermined path (144).
28. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 25 to 27,
    characterized in that the holding elements (122, 322) engage on the bending tool carrier (112, 312) in an articulated manner.
29. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 25 to 28,
    characterized in that the holding elements (122, 322) are mounted so as to be articulated in relation to the machine frame (10).
30. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 25 to 29,
    characterized in that the holding elements (122, 322) engage on the beam (24, 64) associated with the respective bending tool (110, 310).
31. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending tool moving device (120, 320) has a plurality of bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) for moving the bending tool (110, 310) between the starting bending position and the end bending position, said drive units being arranged so as to follow one another in a direction (14) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge (104, 106).
32. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending tool (110, 310) is movable in addition between the starting bending position and a rest position.
33. Bending machine as defined in claim 31 or 32, characterized in that the bending tool (110, 310) is also movable by the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) between the rest position and the starting bending position.
34. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 31 to 33,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) engage on the bending tool carrier (112, 312) at a point of engagement (156) and move this between the starting bending position and the end bending position on a path (172) predetermined in a defined manner.
35. Bending machine as defined in claim 34, characterized in that the path (172) is predeterminable by a pivoting movement about a pivot axis (164) fixed in relation to the machine frame.
36. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 31 to 35,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) are drivable by a drive (190).
37. Bending machine as defined in claim 36, characterized in that each of the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) is drivable by its own drive (190).
38. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 31 to 37,
    characterized in that each of the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) comprises a pivotally drivable drive arm (154) pivotable at a first end (160) about an axis (164) fixed in relation to the frame and pivotally connected to the bending tool carrier (112, 312) at a second end (166) via an elbow joint (156).
39. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 31 to 38,
    characterized in that each of the bending tool carrier drive units (150, 350) has an elbow lever drive system (152) for moving the bending tool carrier (112, 312).
40. Bending machine as defined in claim 39, characterized in that a first lever (154) of the elbow lever drive system (152) is pivotable about an axis (164) fixed in relation to the machine frame.
41. Bending machine as defined in claim 39 or 40, characterized in that the drive arm (154) forms the first lever of the elbow lever drive system (152).
42. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 39 to 41,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier (112, 312) forms at least part of a second lever (158) of the elbow lever drive system (152).
43. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 39 to 42,
    characterized in that the drive arm (154) is designed so as to be variable in length with respect to its distance between a first end (160) and its second end (166).
44. Bending machine as defined in claim 43, characterized in that the drive arm (154) is adjustable via a drive (190) so as to be variable in length.
45. Bending machine as defined in claim 43 or 44, characterized in that the drive (190) for pivoting the drive arm (154) also serves as a drive (190) for the length adjustment of the drive arm (154).
46. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 39 to 45,
    characterized in that the drive arm (154) is variable in length on account of an elbow lever mechanism (182).
47. Bending machine as defined in claim 46, characterized in that the drive arm (154) comprises an arm section (186) extending from the first end (160) as far as a center joint (184) and an arm section (188) extending from the center joint (184) as far as the second end (166).
48. Bending machine as defined in claim 46 or 47, characterized in that the elbow lever mechanism (182) is adapted to be secured in different extended positions to determine different lengths of the drive arm (154).
49. Bending machine as defined in claim 48, characterized in that the elbow lever mechanism (182) is adapted to be blocked by a blocking device (208) to determine the different extended positions.
50. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 47 to 49,
    characterized in that a pivot drive (190) engages on the first arm section (186) of the elbow lever mechanism (182) for pivoting the drive arm (154).
51. Bending machine as defined in claim 50, characterized in that the pivot drive (190) engages on the center joint (184).
52. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 39 to 51,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier (112, 312) is provided with arm extensions (170) extending in the direction of the drive arm (154), each of said arm extensions forming with the bending tool carrier (112, 312) the second lever (158) of the elbow lever drive system (152).
53. Bending machine as defined in claim 52, characterized in that the arm extensions (170) are rigidly connected to the bending tool carrier (112, 312).
54. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the bending tool moving device (120, 320) engages at least partially on the beam (24, 64) associated with the bending tool (110, 310).
55. Bending machine as defined in claim 54, characterized in that each of the holding elements (122, 322) engages on the respective beam (24, 64).
56. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 31 to 55,
    characterized in that the bending tool carrier drive unit (150, 350) is arranged on the respective beam carrier (20, 60).
57. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 39 to 56,
    characterized in that the elbow joint (156) is movable along a defined path (198) during the length alteration of the drive arm (154).
58. Bending machine as defined in claim 57, characterized in that the path (198) extends in a straight line.
59. Bending machine as defined in claim 57 or 58, characterized in that a path follower (196) is arranged on the elbow joint (156), said path follower extending along a connecting link (198) predetermining the path.
60. Bending machine as defined in claim 59, characterized in that the connecting link (198) is adjustable into different positions.
61. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 57 to 60,
    characterized in that the path follower (196) is movable along the connecting link (198) during the movement of the bending tool (110, 310) from the rest position into the starting bending position.
62. Bending machine as defined in claim 61, characterized in that the path follower (196) lifts away from the connecting link (198) in the bending positions following the starting bending position.
63. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the machine frame (10) is designed to be laterally open at at least one of its transverse sides (98, 100) for the insertion of flat material (46) in longitudinal direction (14) of the bending edge (104, 106) and between the upper beam (64) and the lower beam (24).
64. Bending machine as defined in claim 63, characterized in that the machine frame (10) is designed to be laterally open in the area of the clamping tools (26, 66) for the insertion of flat material (46) also between the clamping tools.
65. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the machine frame (10) is designed to be free from any side columns.
66. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the machine frame (10) is located essentially only between lateral end surfaces (94, 96) of the lower beam (24) and the upper beam (64).
67. Bending machine as defined in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the machine frame has at least two frame units (12) holding the lower beam (24) and the upper beam (64) so as to be movable relative to one another, said frame units being arranged so as to follow one another in a direction (14) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bending edge (104, 106).
68. Bending machine as defined in claim 67, characterized in that spaces (16) are arranged between the frame units (12).
69. Bending machine as defined in claim 67 or 68, characterized in that each frame unit (12) has a guide means (54) for a defined movement of the lower beam (24) and the upper beam (64) relative to one another.
70. Bending machine as defined in claim 69, characterized in that the lower beam (24) and the upper beam (64) are pivotable relative to one another about a pivot axis (82) of the guide means (54).
71. Bending machine as defined in claim 70, characterized in that the pivot axis (82) is arranged at a distance from the clamping tools (26, 66) on a side thereof located opposite the bending tool (110, 310).
72. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 71,
    characterized in that each frame unit (12) has a lower beam carrier (20) and an upper beam carrier (60) movable in a defined manner relative to one another by the guide means (54).
73. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 72,
    characterized in that the lower beam carriers (20) of the plurality of frame units (12) are rigidly connected to one another.
74. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 73,
    characterized in that at least one of the frame units (12) has a drive (90) for a relative movement of the lower beam (24) and the upper beam (64) with respect to one another.
75. Bending machine as defined in claim 74, characterized in that each of the frame units (12) has its own drive (90) for the relative movement of the lower beam and the upper beam.
76. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 75,
    characterized in that a bending tool carrier drive unit (150, 350) for the respective bending tool (110, 310) is associated with each of the frame units (12).
77. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 76,
    characterized in that the frame units (12) engage on the upper beam (64) and the lower beam (24) on a side facing away from the clamping tools (26, 66).
78. Bending machine as defined in any one of claims 67 to 77,
    characterized in that the frame units are arranged between lateral end surfaces (94, 96) of the upper beam (64) and the lower beam (24).

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