EP1063988A1 - Hesperidin und hesperitin als acyl-coa-cholesterol--acyltransferase hemmer, als hemmer von makrophag-lipid complex auf arterienwandungen, und mittel zur vorbeugung oder behandlung von leber-erkrankungen - Google Patents

Hesperidin und hesperitin als acyl-coa-cholesterol--acyltransferase hemmer, als hemmer von makrophag-lipid complex auf arterienwandungen, und mittel zur vorbeugung oder behandlung von leber-erkrankungen

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Publication number
EP1063988A1
EP1063988A1 EP98951777A EP98951777A EP1063988A1 EP 1063988 A1 EP1063988 A1 EP 1063988A1 EP 98951777 A EP98951777 A EP 98951777A EP 98951777 A EP98951777 A EP 98951777A EP 1063988 A1 EP1063988 A1 EP 1063988A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hesperidin
hesperetin
composition
mammal
cholesterol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98951777A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Song Hae Bok
Tae Sook Jeong
Myung Sook Choi
Surk Sik Moon
Yong Kook Kwon
Eun Sook Lee
Byung Hwa Hyun
Yang-Kyu Choi
Chui Ho Lee
Ki Hwan Bae
Yong Bok Park
Jun Sung Lee
Kwang Hee Son
Byoung Mog Kwon
Young Kook Kim
Doil Choi
Sung Uk Kim
Ingyu Hwang
Jung Ah Ahn
Young Bae Park
Hyo Soo Kim
Seong Choon Choe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST
Korea Institute of Science and Technology KIST
Original Assignee
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST
Korea Institute of Science and Technology KIST
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1019970055578A external-priority patent/KR19990034089A/ko
Priority claimed from KR1019980010888A external-priority patent/KR19990076178A/ko
Priority claimed from KR1019980012411A external-priority patent/KR19990079683A/ko
Priority claimed from KR1019980013283A external-priority patent/KR19990080214A/ko
Application filed by Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST, Korea Institute of Science and Technology KIST filed Critical Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST
Publication of EP1063988A1 publication Critical patent/EP1063988A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
    • A23L2/56—Flavouring or bittering agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • HESPERIDIN AND HESPERETIN AS INHIBITOR OF ACYL COA- CHOLESTEROL-O-ACYLTRANSFERASE, INHIBITOR OF MACROPHAGE- LIPID COMPLEX ACCUMULATION ON THE ARTERIAL WALL AND PREVENTIVE OR TREATING AGENT FOR HEPATIC DISEASES
  • the present invention relates to uses of hesperidin or hesperetin for inhibiting the activity of acyl CoA- cholesterol-o-acyltransferase (ACAT), inhibiting the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the arterial endothelium, and preventing or treating hepatic diseases in a mammal.
  • ACAT acyl CoA- cholesterol-o-acyltransferase
  • Acyl CoA-cholesterol-o-acyltransferase(ACAT) promotes the esterification of cholesterol in blood.
  • Foam cells are formed by the action of ACAT and contain a large amount of cholesterol ester carried by low density lipoproteins .
  • the formation of foam cells on the wall of artery increases with the ACAT activity, and, accordingly, an inhibitor of ACAT may also be an agent for preventing atherosclerosis.
  • an inhibitor of ACAT may also be an agent for preventing atherosclerosis.
  • the blood level of LDL- cholesterol can be reduced by inhibiting the ACAT activity(Witiak, D. T. and D. R. Feller (eds .) , Anti- Lipidemic Drugs; Medicinal, Chemical and Biochemical Aspects, Elsevier, ppl59-195 ( 1991 ) .
  • deterioration of hepatic functions may occur due to an excessive intake of alcohol or foods having a high lipid content, or an infection of hepatitis B or C virus, and it may develop into hepatitis, hepatocirrhosis or hepatic cancer.
  • the excessive intake of fat-containing foods and alcohol causes fatty liver wherein a large amount of lipids is deposited in the liver tissue and the levels of serum GOT(glutamate- oxaloacetate transaminase) , GPT(glutamate-pyruvate transaminase) and ⁇ -GTP( ⁇ -glutamyl transpeptidase) are elevated(T. Banciu et al . , Med. Interne. , 20, 69-71(1982); and A. Par et al., Acta. Med. Acad. Sci. Hung., 33, 309- 319(1976) ) .
  • Lovastatin® a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor named Lovastatin® has been developed and marketed by Merck Co., U.S.A.
  • this medicine is known to induce adverse side effect of increasing creatin kinase in the liver.
  • Hesperidin C 28 H 34 0 15 , M.W. : 610.55
  • hesperetin C 16 H 14 0 6 , M.W. : 302.27
  • hesperetin C 16 H 14 0 6 , M.W. : 302.27
  • hesperidin or hesperetin has capillary-enhancing, permeability-reducing, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, anti-viral, and blood- pressure and cholesterol lowering activities (Meyer, 0. C, Angiology, 45, 579-584(1994); Struck ann, J. R. , et al . , Angiol. , 45, 419-428(1994); Matsubara, Y., et al . , Japan Organic Synthesis Chem. Association Journal, 52 , 318-327(1994. Mar.); Galati, E. M. , et al., Farmaco .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel use of hesperidin or hesperetin for inhibiting the ACAT activity in a mammal .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel use of hesperidin or hesperetin for inhibiting the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the endothelial wall of an artery in a mammal.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a novel use of hesperidin or hesperetin for preventing or treating hepatic diseases in a mammal.
  • Figs. 1A, IB and 1C show the arteries of the rabbits administered with 1% cholesterol; 1% cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®; and 1% cholesterol plus 0.1% hesperidin, respectively;
  • Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C present the microscopic features of the livers of the rabbits administered with 1% cholesterol; 1% cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®; and 1% cholesterol plus 0.1% hesperidin, respectively.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin for inhibiting the acyl-CoA cholesterol-o-acyltransferase (ACAT) activity in a mammal.
  • ACAT acyl-CoA cholesterol-o-acyltransferase
  • hesperidin or hesperetin for inhibiting the accumulation of macrophage- lipid complex on the endothelial wall of an artery in a mammal.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin for preventing or treating hepatic diseases in a mammal .
  • Hesperidin and hesperetin may be extracted from the peel of citrus or synthesized according to the process described by Zemplen, Bognar, Ber . , 75 , 1043(1943) and Seka, Prosche, Monatsh. , 69 , 284(1936). Further, hesperetin can be prepared by the hydrolysis of hesperidin.
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin exerts an inhibitory effect on the ACAT activity and the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the endothelial wall of an artery, and a preventive or treating effect on hepatic diseases at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day or more, the inhibitory effect increasing with the dose thereof.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin shows little toxicity or mitogenicity in tests using mice. More specifically, hesperidin or hesperetin exhibits no toxicity when it is orally administered to a mouse at a dose of 100 mg/kg, which corresponds to an oral administration dose of 3 to 10 g/kg body weight of hesperidin or hesperetin for a person weighing 50 kg. Further, hesperidin and hesperetin exert no adverse effects on the liver function.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the ACAT activity and accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the endothelial wall of an artery, and for preventing or treating hepatic diseases, which comprise hesperidin or hesperetin as an active ingredient and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers or diluents.
  • a pharmaceutical formulation may be prepared in accordance with any of the conventional procedures.
  • the active ingredient is preferably admixed or diluted with a carrier, or enclosed within a carrier which may be in the form of a capsule, sachet or other container.
  • the carrier serves as a diluent, it may be a solid, semi-solid or liquid material acting as a vehicle, excipient or medium for the active ingredient.
  • the formulations may be in the form of a tablet, pill, powder, sachet, elixir, suspension, emulsion, solution, syrup, aerosol, soft and hard gelatin capsule, sterile injectable solution, sterile packaged powder and the like.
  • Suitable carriers, excipients, and diluents are lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum acacia, alginates, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoates, propylhydroxybenzoates , talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil.
  • the formulations may additionally include fillers, anti-agglutinating agents, lubricating agents, wetting agents, flavoring agents, emulsifiers, preservatives and the like.
  • the compositions of the invention may be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient after their administration to a mammal by employing any of the procedures well known in the art.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered via various routes including oral, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous and intramuscular introduction.
  • a typical daily dose of hesperidin or hesperetin may range from about 0.1 to 100 mg/kg body weight, preferably 3 to 10 mg/kg body weight, and can be administered in a single dose or in divided doses.
  • the amount of the active ingredient actually administered ought to be determined in light of various relevant factors including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the age, sex and body weight of the individual patient, and the severity of the patient's symptom; and, therefore, the above dose should not be intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin can be incorporated in foods or beverages, as an additive or a dietary supplement, for the purpose of inhibiting the ACAT activity, inhibiting the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the arterial endothelium and/or preventing or treating hepatic diseases.
  • the foods or beverages may include meats; juices such as a vegetable juice(e.g., carrot juice and tomato juice) and a fruit juice(e.g., orange juice, grape juice, pineapple juice, apple juice and banana juice); chocolates; snacks; confectionery; pizza; foods made from cereal flour such as breads, cakes, crackers, cookies, biscuits, noodles and the likes; gums; dairy products such as milk, cheese, yogurt and ice creams; soups; broths; pastes, ketchups and sauces; teas; alcoholic beverages; carbonated beverages such as Coca-Cola® and Pepsi-Cola®; vitamin complexes; and various health foods.
  • juices such as a vegetable juice(e.g., carrot juice and tomato juice) and a fruit juice(e.g., orange juice, grape juice, pineapple juice, apple juice and banana juice)
  • chocolates e.g., orange juice, grape juice, pineapple juice, apple juice and banana juice
  • chocolates e.g., orange juice, grape juice, pineapple juice
  • the content of hesperidin or hesperetin in a food or beverage may range from 0.01 to 5% by weight.
  • the beverage according to the present invention may comprise 200 to 10,000 mg of hesperidin or hesperetin per 1000 ml of the beverage.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin can be used as an effective, non-toxic pharmaceutical agent for inhibiting ACAT activity, inhibiting the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the arterial endothelium, and/or preventing or treating hepatic diseases.
  • the peels of tangerines (Cheju Island, Korea), citrons (Jeollanamdo, Korea), and oranges, grapefruits and lemons (California, CA, U.S.A.) were dried at a room temperature and powdered to a particle size ranging from 100 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • 50 iru ⁇ of methanol was added to 500 mg each of the citrus peel powder and extracted in a water bath at 50 °C for 6 hours. The extract thus obtained was cooled and filtered, and then methanol was added to the filtrate to a volume of 50 m£ .
  • the eluates were detected at 280 nm with UV-VIS spectrophotometer and the content of hesperidin was calculated by comparing the areas of HPLC profiles of the citrus peel extract and the standard solution.
  • the content(%) of hesperidin in various citrus peel extracts is shown in Table I.
  • mice 7 to 8 week-old, specific pathogen-free ICR female mice (6 heads) each weighing about 25 to 29 g and male mice (6 heads) each weighing about 34 to 38 g were bred under a condition of temperature 22 ⁇ 1°C, moisture 55 ⁇ 5 % and photoperiod 12L/12D.
  • Fodder(Cheiljedang Co., mouse and rat fodder) and water were sterilized and fed to the mice.
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin was dissolved in 0.5 % Tween 80 to a concentration of 100 mg/ml , and the solution was orally administered to the mice in an amount of 0.2 ml per 20 g of mouse body weight.
  • mice All the mice were alive at day 10 and hesperidin or hesperetin showed no toxicity at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg.
  • the autopsy revealed that the mice did not develop any pathological abnormality, and no weight loss was observed during the 10 day test period. Accordingly, it was concluded that hesperidin or hesperetin is not toxic when orally administered to an animal.
  • the rats were allowed to feed freely on the specified diet together with water for six weeks, the ingestion amount was recorded daily and the rats were weighed every 7 days, and then the record was analyzed. All rats showed a normal growth rate and there was observed no significant difference among the three groups in terms of the feed ingestion amount and the weight gain.
  • the effect of administering hesperidin or hesperetin to rats on the plasma cholesterol and neutral lipid content was determined as follows.
  • liver tissue To determine the effects of hesperidin and hesperetin feeding to rats on the activity of ACAT, microsomes were separated from the liver tissue to be used as an enzyme source.
  • the rats of the three groups prepared in Example 3 were sacrificed by decapitation and the livers were excised. 1 g each of the livers was homogenized in 5 ml of homogenization medium(0.1 M KH 2 P0 4 , pH 7.4 , 0.1 mM EDTA and 10 mM ⁇ -mercaptoethanol) . The homogenate was centrifuged at 3,000xg for 10 min. at 4°C and the supernatant thus obtained was centrifuged at 15,000xg for 15 min. at 4°C to obtain a supernatant.
  • homogenization medium 0.1 M KH 2 P0 4 , pH 7.4 , 0.1 mM EDTA and 10 mM ⁇ -mercaptoethanol
  • the supernatant was put into an ultracentrifuge tube(Beckman) and centrifuged at 100,000xg for 1 hour at 4°C to obtain microsomal pellets, which were then suspended in 3 ml of the homogenization medium and centrifuged at 100,000xg for 1 hour at 4°C.
  • the pellets thus obtained were suspended in 1 ml of the homogenization medium.
  • the concentration of proteins in the resulting suspension was determined by Lowry's method and then adjusted to 4 to 8 mg/ml .
  • the resulting suspension was stored in a deep freezer (Biofreezer, Forma Scientific Inc. ) .
  • Horticulture and Animal Husbandry College, Korea each weighing about 2.5 to 2.6 kg were bred under a condition of temperature 2012°C, relative humidity 5515 %, and photoperiod 12L/12D.
  • the rabbits were divided by a group of 6 rabbits, and the rats of four groups were fed with four different diets, i.e., RC4 diet (Oriental Yeast Co., Japan) containing 1 % cholesterol (Control group); 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®(Merck, U. S. . ) (Comparative group); 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin; and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperetin, respectively.
  • RC4 diet Oriental Yeast Co., Japan
  • RC4 diet comprises 7.6 % moisture, 22.8 % crude protein, 2.8 % crude fat, 8.8 % crude ash, 14.4 % crude cellulose and 43.6 % soluble nitrogen-free substances .
  • the rabbits were bred for 6 weeks while being allowed free access to the diets and water.
  • Step 2 Analysis for fatty streak in the main artery
  • the rabbits bred in (Step 1) were sacrificed and their chest were incised.
  • the main artery was cut out therefrom in a length of about 5 cm downward from the site 1 cm above the aortic valve and the fat surrounding the main artery was removed.
  • the main artery was incised in the middle along the longitudinal axis and pinned to a dish.
  • the moist artery was photographed and, then, staining of fatty streak was carried out in accordance with the method of Esper, E., et al. (J. Lab. Clin. Med. , 121, 103-110(1993)) as follows.
  • a part of the incised main artery was washed three times by 2 min. with anhydrous propylene glycol and stained for 30 min. with a saturated solution of Oil Red 0(0R0, Sigma Co.) dissolved in propylene glycol. Thereafter, the artery was washed twice by 3 min. with 85 % propylene glycol to remove remaining staining solution and, then washed with physical saline. The artery was photographed and the photograph was traced. The area of stained region (fatty streak region) was determined with an image analyzer (LEICA, Q-600, Germany) and its proportion(%) to the total arterial area was calculated.
  • the other part of the main artery was stained in accordance with hematoxylin-eosin(H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining methods and observed under a microscope to confirm whether the macrophage-lipid complexes were accumulated in the intima, internus, elastic lamina and media.
  • M-L complex Macrophage-lipid complex
  • the area of macrophage- lipid complex accumulated on the arterial endothelium decreased significantly in the 1 mg/kg Lovastatin® and 0.1 % hesperidin, 0.1 % hesperetin groups, as compared to the control group. Accordingly, it has been confirmed that hesperidin and hesperetin inhibit the accumulation of macrophage-lipid complex on the arterial endothelium. In particular, it is remarkable that the inhibitory activity of hesperidin and hesperetin on the accumulation of macrophage- lipid complex was exhibited under the blood cholesterol levels above 1,100 mg/dl, which are much higher than that of normal rabbit, i.e., about 50 mg/dl.
  • Figs. 1A, IB and 1C show the arteries of the rabbits administered with 1 % cholesterol (control group); 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®(comparative group); and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin, respectively.
  • a thick layer of macrophage- lipid complex was observed on the arterial endothelium of the rabbit administered with 1 % cholesterol, while no or very thin layers of macrophage-lipid complex were observed on the arterial endotheliums of the rabbits administered with 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®, and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin, respectively.
  • mice 20 four-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats(Taihan laboratory animal center, Korea) each weighing about 90 to 110 g were evenly divided into two dietary groups by a randomized block design.
  • the rats of the two groups were fed with two different high-cholesterol diets, i.e., AIN-76 laboratory animal diet(ICN Biochemicals, Cleveland, OH, U.S.A.) containing 1 % cholesterol (Control group), and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.04% hesperidin, respectively.
  • the compositions of the diets fed to the two groups are shown in Table VI. Table VI
  • the rats were allowed to feed freely on the specified diet together with water for six weeks, the ingestion amount was recorded daily and the rats were weighed every 7 days, and then the record was analyzed. All rats showed a normal growth rate and there was observed no significant difference among the two groups in terms of the feed ingestion amount and the weight gain.
  • Step 2 Determination of serum GOT and GPT levels
  • GOT glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase
  • GPT glutamate-pyruvate transaminase
  • Step 1 The same procedure as in ( Step 1 ) was repeated except that 30 three-month old New Zealand White rabbits (Yeonam Horticulture and Animal Husbandry College, Korea) each weighing about 2.5 to 2.6 kg were used in place of the rats, and the rabbits were fed for six weeks with three different diets, i.e., RC4 diet containing 1 % cholesterol (Control group); 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®(Comparative group); and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin, respectively.
  • RC4 diet containing 1 % cholesterol (Control group); 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®(Comparative group); and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin, respectively.
  • livers were separated from the rabbits and the histopathological observations were carried out as follows .
  • the rabbits were anesthetized with an intramuscular injection of ketamine(75 mg/kg) and subjected to an abdominal incision.
  • the color and degree of sclerosis of the liver were observed with eyes, and the liver separated from the rabbit was fixed in 10 % neutral buffered formalin for more than 24 hours.
  • the fixed liver was washed sufficiently with water, dehydrated stepwise with 70 %, 80 %, 90 % and 100 % ethanol and, then, embedded in paraffin.
  • the embedded liver was sectioned in 4 ⁇ m thickness with a microtome and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
  • the stained liver specimen was made transparent with xylene, mounted with permount, and then observed under a microscope to confirm the presence of lesions.
  • Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C present the microscopic features of the livers of the rabbits administered with 1 % cholesterol (control group), 1 % cholesterol plus 1 mg/kg Lovastatin®(comparative group), and 1 % cholesterol plus 0.1 % hesperidin, respectively.
  • the hepatic cells of the control group and the comparative group are irregularly arranged and enlarged and a large amount of fat is deposited therein.
  • the hepatic cells of hesperidin group are normal and the deposition of fat is not observed. 'his result shows that hesperidin strongly inhibit the occurrence of fatty liver without toxic adverse effect to the hepatic cells .
  • Hesperidin was orally administered to a 55-year-old man at a daily dose of 10 mg/kg for 68 days and serum GOT, GPT and ⁇ GTP levels were determined just before the administration (day 0), and 45 and 68 days after the administratio (day 45 and day 68), respectively. Consequently, serum GOT levels at day 45 end day 68 decreased by 17 %, respectively, in comparison to that of day 0. Serum GPT levels at day 45 and day 68 decreased by 15 % and 19 %, respectively, in comparison to that of day 0. Further, serum ⁇ GTP levels at day 45 and day 68 decreased by 25 % and 51 %, respectively, in comparison to that of day 0.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin has a strong liver-protective activity and preventive activity on the hepatic diseases such as hepatitis, fatty liver and alcoholic fatty liver.
  • hesperidin was orally administered to a 56-year-old man, who had drunk alcoholic beverages habitually in an amount of 100 cc per day, at a daily dose of 6 mg/kg for 30 days and serum ⁇ GTP level was determined just before the administration (day 0) and 30 days after the administration (day 30). Consequently, initial serum ⁇ GTP level at day 0 was 129 IU/1, while that of day 30 decreased to 69 IU/1 which is within the normal range. This result demonstrates that hesperidin or hesperetin has a high activity of preventing alcoholic fatty liver and hepatocirrhosis .
  • Example 9 Foods containing Hesperidin or hesperetin
  • Foods containing hesperidin or hesperetin wore prepared as follows.
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin was added to a wheat flour in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 5 wt% and breads, cakes, cookies, crackers and noodles were prepared by using the mixture to obtain health-improving foods.
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin was added to soups and gravies in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 5 wt% to obtain health- improving soups and gravies .
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin was added to ground beef in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 5 wt% to obtain a health- improving ground beef.
  • Hesperidin or hesperetin was added to milk in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 5 wt% and various dairy products such as butter and ice cream were prepared by using the milk.
  • hesperidin or hesperetin was added to the coagulated milk protein; and, in case of yogurt preparation, hesperidin or hesperetin was added to the coagulated milk protein obtained after the fermentation.
  • Example 10 Beverages containing Hesperidin or hesperetin

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EP98951777A 1997-10-28 1998-10-20 Hesperidin und hesperitin als acyl-coa-cholesterol--acyltransferase hemmer, als hemmer von makrophag-lipid complex auf arterienwandungen, und mittel zur vorbeugung oder behandlung von leber-erkrankungen Withdrawn EP1063988A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019970055578A KR19990034089A (ko) 1997-10-28 1997-10-28 헤스페리딘또는헤스페레틴을포함하는아실코에이:콜레스테롤-오르토-아실트랜스퍼레이즈 저해제조성물
KR9755578 1997-10-28
KR9810888 1998-03-28
KR1019980010888A KR19990076178A (ko) 1998-03-28 1998-03-28 헤스페리딘을 포함하는 간 질환의 예방 및 치료용 조성물
KR1019980012411A KR19990079683A (ko) 1998-04-08 1998-04-08 감귤류의 과피 분말 또는 과피 추출물을 포함하는 기능성 건강식품
KR9812411 1998-04-08
KR9813283 1998-04-14
KR1019980013283A KR19990080214A (ko) 1998-04-14 1998-04-14 감귤류의 과피 추출물을 포함하는 건강개선용 기능성 음료
PCT/KR1998/000324 WO1999021549A1 (en) 1997-10-28 1998-10-20 Hesperidin and hesperetin as inhibitor of acyl coa-cholesterol-o-acyltransferase, inhibitor of macrophage-lipid complex accumulation on the arterial wall and preventive or treating agent for hepatic diseases

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FR2841472B1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2006-02-24 Agronomique Inst Nat Rech Composition nutritionnelle ou therapeutique contenant le compose hesperidine ou l'un de ses derives
KR101286443B1 (ko) 2004-07-23 2013-07-18 산토리 홀딩스 가부시키가이샤 알코올 침지물 또는 그것을 사용한 식품 혹은 음료 및 그제조 방법
KR20070095338A (ko) 2004-12-24 2007-09-28 가부시끼가이샤 하야시바라 세이부쓰 가가꾸 겐꾸조 간기능 개선제
EP2368442B1 (de) 2005-07-27 2014-12-17 Symrise AG Verwendung von Hesperetin zur Verstärkung von süßem Geschmack
CN101374424B (zh) * 2006-01-23 2013-03-27 三得利控股株式会社 食品或饮料及其制造方法
JP2007112806A (ja) * 2006-11-27 2007-05-10 Kao Corp 体脂肪燃焼促進剤
JP2009007256A (ja) * 2007-06-26 2009-01-15 Kao Corp Ｎａｄｈ／ｎａｄｐｈオキシダーゼ抑制剤
CN104688756A (zh) * 2013-12-09 2015-06-10 中国药科大学 一种药物组合物及其在制备治疗酒精性肝损伤药物中的应用
TWI715172B (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-01-01 健茂生物科技股份有限公司 具有抑制體脂肪形成之組合物
CN114832041A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2022-08-02 健茂生物科技股份有限公司 具有护肝效果的组合物及其制备方法
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CN115607538A (zh) * 2022-09-26 2023-01-17 浙江工商大学 橙皮素在制备抑制和/或治疗小麦过敏的药物中的应用

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JP2001520993A (ja) 2001-11-06
CA2307890A1 (en) 1999-05-06
WO1999021549A1 (en) 1999-05-06
CN1124133C (zh) 2003-10-15

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