EP1063364A1 - Insulating wall - Google Patents

Insulating wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1063364A1
EP1063364A1 EP00440179A EP00440179A EP1063364A1 EP 1063364 A1 EP1063364 A1 EP 1063364A1 EP 00440179 A EP00440179 A EP 00440179A EP 00440179 A EP00440179 A EP 00440179A EP 1063364 A1 EP1063364 A1 EP 1063364A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
hand
cement
insulating
mixture
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Granted
Application number
EP00440179A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1063364B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Fehr
Didier Helmstetter
Fritz Spurgin
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Fehr SA
Spurgin Leonhart SAS
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Fehr SA
Spurgin Leonhart SAS
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Publication of EP1063364A1 publication Critical patent/EP1063364A1/en
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Publication of EP1063364B1 publication Critical patent/EP1063364B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or similar, and having an internal wall as well as a wall external, especially oriented inwards and outwards the exterior of said building, said walls being, on the one hand, arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel and, on the other hand, interconnected by through connecting means and, on the other hand, able to define a spacing.
  • the present invention relates to the building sector and, more particularly that of the manufacture of insulating walls, in particular those defined from pre-walls intended, after their realization, to be transported in order to be installed on the construction site of a building.
  • insulating walls corresponding to the description above.
  • such walls arise in the form of two walls made of traditional concrete and connected to each other by a metallic type frame. These two walls delimit, between them, a spacing that it is usual to fill with an insulating material, in particular a hydraulic mixture based on concrete containing polystyrene, in order to give said wall insulating properties.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to these drawbacks through an insulating design wall news.
  • said particles of insulating material are full type and are defined in a expanded type synthetic material, especially polystyrene or other, for example in the form of beads.
  • such particles can, again, be of the type hollow and be delimited by a glass envelope, in synthetic or other material, said envelope being, by example, spherical in shape.
  • said particles are defined in a porous material of the volcanic rock type or similar.
  • the water intended to be incorporated into the hydraulic mixture is previously refrigerated and is preferably frozen, at least in part.
  • the cement can be combined with a filling material consisting of fine silica-based particles, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.
  • the mass of this filling material added corresponds to a percentage of 30 to 60% of the mass of cement in the hydraulic mixture.
  • Another particular feature relates to the fact that the mixture also comprises metallic type fibers and / or glass fibers in respective amounts of at least 25 kg / m 3 and 5 kg / m 3 .
  • An additional characteristic concerns the fact that the mixture also contains an amount of sand of the order of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 .
  • the water added to the cement is previously refrigerated and is preferably icy, at least in part.
  • drying of at least one of said mixtures hydraulics is carried out in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at least 8 hours.
  • the present invention makes it possible, in fact, to constitute, in particular in the factory, an insulating pre-wall defined by two walls, made at base of a specific insulating hydraulic mixture, spaced and connected by connecting means.
  • This pre-wall is likely to be routed to site where the spacing between the two walls is filled with an insulating material with a composition similar to that hydraulic mixture.
  • composition of this mixture hydraulic allows, advantageously, to constitute a pre-wall of weight significantly lower than that of a traditional pre-wall obtained from solid concrete. Manufacturing, handling, transport and installation on site of such a pre-wall are, therefore, notably facilitated.
  • composition of this hydraulic mixture allows, again and advantageous way, to produce an insulating wall satisfying the insulation standards in force and having a thickness significantly lower than that of a wall obtained, so traditional, from a full and filled concrete pre-wall insulating material.
  • the present invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain a new insulating wall with a thickness less than the insulating walls of the state of the art which allows a substantial gain in living area, this for an identical floor area of building.
  • an insulating wall of reduced thickness allows, on the one hand, to achieve a gain substantial in raw material and, on the other hand, to reduce appreciably the weight of an insulating wall compared to that of a traditional insulating wall.
  • this new insulating wall is made from a hydraulic mixture based on concrete and meets the standards of rigidity in force so that it is possible to have several of these insulating walls one at a above each other so as to define a building with several floors.
  • the walls and the filling of their spacing are made from an insulating material avoids, advantageously, to have recourse to the establishment of at least an insulating and expensive lining wall, after having erected the wall. It is therefore possible, in particular after having conferred said wall has an appropriate external appearance during its manufacture, to carry out, directly and without prior preparation, the application of a tapestry or other coating on a such a wall.
  • the present invention relates to the field of the manufacture of insulating walls intended to be installed on the site of the construction of a building or the like, in particular of a dwelling.
  • the present invention is in no way limited thereto and also relates to a internal type wall, placed inside said building, and able to define, as the case may be, a load-bearing wall or a partition separation.
  • such a wall 1 has a certain thickness 2 and generally comprises two walls 3, 4 including an internal wall 3 and an external wall 4 which, for example with reference to an external type 1 wall, are oriented inward and outward, respectively of said building.
  • Said internal 3 and external 4 walls are arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner. These two walls 3, 4 each have a certain thickness 5, 6 and are arranged at a distance 7 from one another so as to define a spacing 8 between them. In this spacing 8 extend connecting means 9 able to connect said walls 3, 4 to each other.
  • said wall 1 has a thickness 2 of less than 40 cm.
  • said internal 3 and external 4 walls each have a thickness 5, 6 of between 4 cm and 10 cm knowing that good results are obtained for a thickness 5, 6 of 6 cm.
  • these can, according to a first solution, be defined by particles of solid types. These last are then made of a synthetic material of the type expanded, in particular polystyrene or other, and adopt, by example, the shape of beads.
  • Another solution consists in incorporating, in said mixture hydraulic, particles 10 of insulating material adopting the form of hollow particles. These are delimited by a glass, synthetic or other material envelope, this envelope being, for example, spherical in shape.
  • the maximum volume of air trapped is of the order of 900 l / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 800 l / m 3 .
  • an adjuvant capable of coating said particles 10 of insulating material.
  • This adjuvant allows the cement slurry to coat, homogeneously, said insulating particles 10 and create an arch effect suitable for prevent, or at least significantly reduce, the phenomenon of repulsion between particles 10. This makes it possible to remedy the phenomenon of segregation of the hydraulic mixture.
  • the mass of this adjuvant, compared to that of cement is, on the one hand, at least equal to 0.4% and, on the other hand, less than 1%, knowing that good results are obtained for 0.8%.
  • the water intended to be incorporated in the hydraulic mixture is, beforehand, refrigerated.
  • said water is frozen, at least in part.
  • the hydraulic mixture contains cement, the presence of which is ensured, either individually, either in combination with a filling material 11, usually called "filler".
  • a filling material usually called "filler”.
  • Such a filling material It is, in fact, constituted by fine particles based on silica, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.
  • the presence of cement must be ensured up to at least 250 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 450 kg / m 3 of cement and 150 kg / m 3 of filling material 11.
  • the presence of such a filling material 11 advantageously makes it possible to reduce the quantity of cement necessary for the preparation of the hydraulic mixture and, consequently, to lower the cost price of the latter.
  • Another characteristic of the present invention relates to the fact that the hydraulic mixture can be supplemented with fibers, more particularly of the reinforcing fiber type 12.
  • these metallic fibers have, preferably between 20 and 70 mm in length and their diameter is around 0.8 mm.
  • the hydraulic mixture is added with sand capable of increasing, on the one hand, its density and, on the other hand, the resistance of wall 1.
  • This sand is added at a height of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for about 15 kg / m 3 .
  • the insulating wall 1, comprising two walls 3, 4 interconnected and obtained from a hydraulic mixture described above, can define a wall of internal type.
  • the latter can be implanted as is on the construction site of a building.
  • this spacing 8 is filled, in particular by casting, at using an insulating material 13 produced, at least, from cement, water, an adjuvant, the latter being, as the case may be, able to create inclusions of air bubbles or, if necessary, supplemented by particles 10 of an insulating material.
  • the composition of this insulating material 13, that is to say the nature and the amount of its ingredients, is similar to the mixture hydraulic described above and capable of constituting said internal 3 and external 4 walls.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacture of such an insulating wall 1 consisting, in a first step, to introduce a cement in a mixer.
  • water is added to this cement. containing an adjuvant.
  • this water is, before its incorporation, refrigerated, even glazed, at least in part.
  • said adjuvant is able to define inclusions of air bubbles in the hydraulic mixture, while, according to a second mode of realization, this adjuvant comes in addition to particles 10 of an insulating material.
  • the hydraulic mixture comprises such insulating particles 10
  • the latter are, of preferably introduced into the mixer before the cement.
  • the hydraulic mixture contains sand, this the latter is introduced into the mixer and, if necessary, added to insulating particles 10, before the introduction of the cement.
  • the first hydraulic mixture thus obtained can further be added, where appropriate, reinforcing fibers 12, in particular glass fibers and / or fibers of the type metallic. These fibers 12 are preferably incorporated into the mixing after cement and before water.
  • This first hydraulic mixture is mixed before sinking the latter, during a third stage of the method according to the invention, in a mold.
  • the means 9 are arranged in the latter.
  • such means of link 9 are likely to define a frame capable of reinforce the wall 1. If necessary, said connecting means 9 can be completed with such a frame, the latter being placed in the mold before or after pouring the mixture hydraulic.
  • the first hydraulic mixture is then dried in order to define, as the case may be, an external wall 4 or internal wall 3 of the wall 1. It will be observed that, according to a preferred embodiment, this drying takes place in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period greater than 6 hours, preferably at least equal to 8 hours.
  • a second hydraulic mixture is also produced, so that similar to the first and of the same composition.
  • This second mixture is intended to define, after drying, as the case may be, a internal wall 3 or external wall 4.
  • This second hydraulic mixture is, in fact, poured into a mold similar to that receiving the first hydraulic mixture.
  • the second mixture is then dried. hydraulic, such drying can be carried out, as for first mixture, in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at less equal to 8 hours.
  • the wall 1 thus obtained can either be stored, either be directly transported to a site.
  • said wall in particular when the latter is of the external type, can be completed by a insulating material 13.
  • the latter is poured into the spacing 8 existing between the inner 3 and outer 4 walls, such insulating material 13 having a composition similar to the mixture hydraulics described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

An insulating wall has insulation in a cavity between parallel internal and external insulating layers. Ties bridge the cavity to connect the layers. The whole wall is less than 40 cm thick and each layer is ≥ 4 cm thick. Each cubic meter of the layers includes ≥ 250 kg of cement, ≥ 250 l of air trapped in particles of insulating material, an agent causing the cement to coat the particles and water so the water cement ratio is 0.2 - 0.5. Independent claims are included for the following: (a) The above wall where the amount of additive ≥ 0.4% the wt of concrete or ≥ 0.8 l/m<3> of the mixture. (b) Making a wall as above by casting the inner and outer layers and then pouring the insulation into the cavity. Preferred Features: The insulation may be glass coated beads or porous volcanic rock.

Description

L'invention concerne un mur isolant destiné à intervenir dans la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation ou analogue, et comportant une paroi interne ainsi qu'une paroi externe, notamment orientées vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment, lesdites parois étant, d'une part, disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle et, d'autre part, reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison et, d'autre part encore, aptes à définir un espacement.The invention relates to an insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or similar, and having an internal wall as well as a wall external, especially oriented inwards and outwards the exterior of said building, said walls being, on the one hand, arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel and, on the other hand, interconnected by through connecting means and, on the other hand, able to define a spacing.

La présente invention concerne le domaine du bâtiment et, plus particulièrement, celui de la fabrication de murs isolants, notamment ceux définis à partir de pré-murs destinés, après leur réalisation, à être transportés en vue d'être implantés sur le chantier de la construction d'un bâtiment.The present invention relates to the building sector and, more particularly that of the manufacture of insulating walls, in particular those defined from pre-walls intended, after their realization, to be transported in order to be installed on the construction site of a building.

L'on connaít, d'ores et déjà, des murs isolants correspondant à la description ci-dessus. En fait, de tel murs se présentent sous la forme de deux parois réalisées en béton traditionnel et reliées entre elles par une armature de type métallique. Ces deux parois délimitent, entre elles, un espacement qu'il est usuel de combler à l'aide d'un matériau isolant, notamment un mélange hydraulique à base de béton contenant du polystyrène, afin de conférer audit mur des propriétés isolantes.We already know insulating walls corresponding to the description above. In fact, such walls arise in the form of two walls made of traditional concrete and connected to each other by a metallic type frame. These two walls delimit, between them, a spacing that it is usual to fill with an insulating material, in particular a hydraulic mixture based on concrete containing polystyrene, in order to give said wall insulating properties.

A ce propos, on remarquera que, dans un pareil cas et en vue de satisfaire aux normes d'isolation en vigueur, il est nécessaire de concevoir des murs dont l'épaisseur est d'au moins 40 cm. Une pareille épaisseur de mur se traduit par un espacement relativement important entre les parois ce qui nécessite, pour le remplissage de cet espacement, une quantité importante de matériau isolant. Ce dernier, constitué par un mélange hydraulique élaboré à partir de béton et contenant généralement du polystyrène ou analogue, est relativement onéreux.
Une solution pour réduire l'épaisseur d'un tel mur, tout en lui conférant un coefficient d'isolation thermique satisfaisant aux normes en vigueur, consiste à compléter ce mur, intérieurement et/ou extérieurement, par une paroi de doublage isolante. Un tel mode de réalisation présente, en fait, l'inconvénient de devoir, d'une part, fabriquer et, d'autre, mettre en place une telle paroi de doublage ce qui, évidemment, allonge la durée de montage du mur et occasionne un surcoût dans sa fabrication.In this regard, it will be noted that, in such a case and in order to meet the insulation standards in force, it is necessary to design walls whose thickness is at least 40 cm. Such a wall thickness results in a relatively large spacing between the walls which requires, for the filling of this spacing, a large amount of insulating material. The latter, consisting of a hydraulic mixture made from concrete and generally containing polystyrene or the like, is relatively expensive.
One solution for reducing the thickness of such a wall, while giving it a coefficient of thermal insulation satisfying the standards in force, consists in supplementing this wall, internally and / or externally, with an insulating lining wall. Such an embodiment has, in fact, the drawback of having, on the one hand, to manufacture and, on the other hand, to put in place such a lining wall, which obviously lengthens the duration of assembly of the wall and causes an additional cost in its manufacture.

Un autre inconvénient apparaít lorsqu'il s'agit d'assurer le montage d'un meuble ou analogue contre un tel mur. Un tel montage nécessite la mise en place d'un organe de fixation tel qu'une vis ou analogue destinée à coopérer avec une cheville ou autre introduite dans un orifice pratiqué au niveau du mur. La réalisation d'un tel orifice au niveau d'un pré-mur en béton traditionnel s'avère particulièrement fastidieuse et nécessite un outillage approprié de type professionnel.Another drawback appears when it comes to ensuring the mounting a piece of furniture or the like against such a wall. Such mounting requires the installation of a fixing member such that a screw or the like intended to cooperate with a dowel or another introduced into an opening made at the level of the wall. The realization of such an orifice at the level of a concrete pre-wall traditional is particularly tedious and requires appropriate professional-type tools.

La présente invention se veut à même d'apporter une solution à ces inconvénients au travers d'un mur isolant de conception nouvelle.The present invention aims to provide a solution to these drawbacks through an insulating design wall news.

Ainsi, la présente invention concerne un mur isolant destiné à intervenir dans la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation ou analogue, et comportant une paroi interne ainsi qu'une paroi externe, notamment orientées vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment, lesdites parois étant, d'une part, disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle et, d'autre part, reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison, et, d'autre part encore, aptes à définir un espacement, caractérisé par le fait, d'une part, que ledit mur présente une épaisseur inférieure à 40 cm et, d'autre part, que lesdites parois interne et externe présentent, chacune, une épaisseur d'au moins 4 cm et sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, d'une part, présente une composition similaire à celle d'un matériau isolant susceptible de remplir, notamment par coulage, ledit espacement entre les parois interne et externe et, d'autre part, contient, par m3 :

  • au moins 250 kg de ciment ;
  • au moins 250 litres d'air piégé par l'intermédiaire de particules d'un matériau isolant ;
  • un adjuvant apte à enrober lesdites particules de matériau isolant et dont la masse est, par rapport à celle du ciment, au moins égale à 0.4% ;
  • de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5.
Thus, the present invention relates to an insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or the like, and comprising an internal wall as well as an external wall, in particular oriented inwards and outwards. of said building, said walls being, on the one hand, arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner and, on the other hand, connected to each other by means of connection means, and, on the other hand, capable of defining a spacing, characterized in that, on the one hand, said wall has a thickness of less than 40 cm and, on the other hand, that said internal and external walls each have a thickness d '' at least 4 cm and are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, on the one hand, has a composition similar to that of an insulating material capable of filling, in particular by casting, said spacing between the internal and external walls and , other re part, contains, per m 3 :
  • at least 250 kg of cement;
  • at least 250 liters of air trapped through particles of insulating material;
  • an adjuvant capable of coating said particles of insulating material and whose mass is, relative to that of the cement, at least equal to 0.4%;
  • water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, lesdites particules de matériau isolant sont de type pleines et sont définies en un matériau synthétique de type expansé, notamment du polystyrène ou autre, par exemple sous forme de billes.According to an additional characteristic, said particles of insulating material are full type and are defined in a expanded type synthetic material, especially polystyrene or other, for example in the form of beads.

Cependant, de telles particules peuvent, encore, être de type creuses et être délimitées par une enveloppe en verre, en matériau synthétique ou autre, ladite enveloppe étant, par exemple, de forme sphérique.However, such particles can, again, be of the type hollow and be delimited by a glass envelope, in synthetic or other material, said envelope being, by example, spherical in shape.

Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdites particules sont définies en un matériau poreux du type roche volcanique ou analogue.According to another characteristic, said particles are defined in a porous material of the volcanic rock type or similar.

L'invention concerne, également, un mur isolant destiné à intervenir dans la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation ou analogue, et comportant une paroi interne ainsi qu'une paroi externe, notamment orientées vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment, lesdites parois étant, d'une part, disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle et, d'autre part, reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison, et, d'autre part encore, aptes à définir un espacement, caractérisé par le fait, d'une part, que ledit mur présente une épaisseur inférieure à 40 cm et, d'autre part, que lesdites parois interne et externe présentent, chacune, une épaisseur d'au moins 4 cm et sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, d'une part, présente une composition similaire à celle d'un matériau isolant susceptible de remplir, notamment par coulage, ledit espacement entre les parois interne et externe et, d'autre part, contient, par m3 :

  • au moins 250 kg de ciment ;
  • des inclusions de bulles d'air représentant un volume total d'air d'au moins 250 litres ;
  • un adjuvant, d'une part, apte, lors de la réalisation dudit mélange, à entraíner de l'air dans ce dernier pour la création desdites inclusions et, d'autre part, dont le volume est d'au moins 0.8 litre par m3 de mélange hydraulique ;
  • de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5.
The invention also relates to an insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or the like, and comprising an internal wall as well as an external wall, in particular oriented inwards and outwards. exterior of said building, said walls being, on the one hand, arranged facing one another and in a substantially parallel manner and, on the other hand, connected to each other by means of connection means, and, d on the other hand, capable of defining a spacing, characterized in that, on the one hand, said wall has a thickness of less than 40 cm and, on the other hand, that said internal and external walls each have a thickness at least 4 cm and are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, on the one hand, has a composition similar to that of an insulating material capable of filling, in particular by pouring, said spacing between the internal and external walls and, on the other hand rt, contains, per m 3 :
  • at least 250 kg of cement;
  • inclusions of air bubbles representing a total volume of air of at least 250 liters;
  • an adjuvant, on the one hand, capable, during the production of said mixture, of entraining air in the latter for the creation of said inclusions and, on the other hand, whose volume is at least 0.8 liters per m 3 of hydraulic mixing;
  • water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, l'eau destinée à être incorporée au mélange hydraulique est, préalablement, réfrigérée et est, de préférence, glacée, du moins en partie.According to an additional characteristic, the water intended to be incorporated into the hydraulic mixture is previously refrigerated and is preferably frozen, at least in part.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, le ciment peut être combiné à un matériau de remplissage constitué par des particules fines à base de silice, telles que des scories, des cendres, des fumées ou des sous-produits de combustion.According to an additional characteristic, the cement can be combined with a filling material consisting of fine silica-based particles, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.

En fait, la masse de ce matériau de remplissage rajouté correspond à un pourcentage de 30 à 60% de la masse de ciment dans le mélange hydraulique.In fact, the mass of this filling material added corresponds to a percentage of 30 to 60% of the mass of cement in the hydraulic mixture.

Une autre particularité concerne le fait que le mélange comporte, encore, des fibres de type métallique et/ou des fibres de verre en quantités, respectives, d'au moins 25 kg/m3 et 5 kg/m3.Another particular feature relates to the fact that the mixture also comprises metallic type fibers and / or glass fibers in respective amounts of at least 25 kg / m 3 and 5 kg / m 3 .

Une caractéristique additionnelle concerne le fait que le mélange contient, de plus, une quantité de sable de l'ordre de 10 à 20 kg/m3.An additional characteristic concerns the fact that the mixture also contains an amount of sand of the order of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 .

La présente invention concerne, également, un procédé de fabrication d'un mur isolant, procédé par lequel :

  • l'on introduit, dans un mélangeur, un ciment auquel on incorpore une eau contenant un adjuvant qui, selon le cas, définit des inclusions de bulles d'air ou vient en complément de particules d'un matériau de type isolant ;
  • avant l'introduction du ciment dans le mélangeur, l'on introduit dans ce dernier, le cas échéant, lesdites particules de matériau isolant puis du sable et, ensuite, un matériau de remplissage ;
  • l'on rajoute au ciment, avant l'incorporation de l'eau et de l'adjuvant, et, le cas échéant, des fibres de renfort ;
  • l'on assure le mélangeage de ce premier mélange hydraulique obtenu avant de le couler dans un moule ;
  • l'on dispose dans ce moule, avant ou après la coulée, les moyens de liaison ;
  • l'on assure le séchage dudit premier mélange hydraulique en vue de définir, selon le cas, une paroi externe ou interne du mur ;
  • l'on réalise un second mélange hydraulique, de manière similaire au premier et de même composition, destiné à définir, après séchage, selon le cas, une paroi interne ou externe ;
  • l'on coule ce second mélange hydraulique dans un moule ;
  • l'on procède au retournement de la paroi externe ou interne obtenue à partir du premier mélange hydraulique et l'on assure, en partie, l'immersion de ses moyens de liaison dans le second mélange hydraulique ;
  • l'on procède au séchage dudit second mélange hydraulique ;
  • l'on remplit, ultérieurement et notamment par coulage, l'espacement entre les parois interne et externe par un matériau isolant de composition similaire audit mélange hydraulique.
The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an insulating wall, method by which:
  • a cement is introduced into a mixer, to which a water containing an adjuvant is incorporated, which, as the case may be, defines inclusions of air bubbles or complements particles of an insulating material;
  • before the cement is introduced into the mixer, said particles of insulating material are then introduced into the latter, if necessary, followed by sand and then a filling material;
  • is added to the cement, before the incorporation of water and the adjuvant, and, if necessary, reinforcing fibers;
  • this first hydraulic mixture obtained is mixed before it is poured into a mold;
  • there are in this mold, before or after casting, the connecting means;
  • drying said first hydraulic mixture to define, as appropriate, an external or internal wall of the wall;
  • a second hydraulic mixture is produced, similarly to the first and of the same composition, intended to define, after drying, as the case may be, an internal or external wall;
  • this second hydraulic mixture is poured into a mold;
  • the external or internal wall obtained from the first hydraulic mixture is turned over and part of the connection means is immersed in the second hydraulic mixture;
  • drying of said second hydraulic mixture is carried out;
  • the space between the internal and external walls is subsequently filled, in particular by pouring, with an insulating material of composition similar to said hydraulic mixture.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, l'eau rajoutée au ciment est, au préalable, réfrigérée et est, de préférence, glacée, du moins en partie.According to an additional characteristic, the water added to the cement is previously refrigerated and is preferably icy, at least in part.

On remarquera que le séchage de l'un au moins desdits mélanges hydrauliques s'effectue dans une étuve à au moins 35°C, de préférence 40°C, pendant une durée supérieure à 6 heures, de préférence au moins égale à 8 heures.It will be noted that the drying of at least one of said mixtures hydraulics is carried out in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at least 8 hours.

La présente invention permet, en fait, de constituer, notamment en usine, un pré-mur isolant défini par deux parois, réalisées à base d'un mélange hydraulique isolant spécifique, espacées et raccordées par des moyens de liaison. Ce pré-mur est susceptible d'être acheminé sur site où l'espacement entre les deux parois est rempli par un matériau isolant de composition similaire à ce mélange hydraulique.The present invention makes it possible, in fact, to constitute, in particular in the factory, an insulating pre-wall defined by two walls, made at base of a specific insulating hydraulic mixture, spaced and connected by connecting means. This pre-wall is likely to be routed to site where the spacing between the two walls is filled with an insulating material with a composition similar to that hydraulic mixture.

A ce propos, on observera que la composition de ce mélange hydraulique permet, avantageusement, de constituer un pré-mur de poids sensiblement inférieur à celui d'un pré-mur traditionnel obtenu à partir de béton plein. La fabrication, la manipulation, le transport et la mise en place sur site d'un tel pré-mur s'en trouvent, par conséquent, notablement facilitées.In this regard, it will be observed that the composition of this mixture hydraulic allows, advantageously, to constitute a pre-wall of weight significantly lower than that of a traditional pre-wall obtained from solid concrete. Manufacturing, handling, transport and installation on site of such a pre-wall are, therefore, notably facilitated.

La composition de ce mélange hydraulique permet, encore et de manière avantageuse, de réaliser un mur isolant satisfaisant aux normes d'isolation en vigueur et présentant une épaisseur sensiblement inférieure à celle d'un mur obtenu, de manière traditionnelle, à partir d'un pré-mur en béton plein et rempli d'un matériau isolant.The composition of this hydraulic mixture allows, again and advantageous way, to produce an insulating wall satisfying the insulation standards in force and having a thickness significantly lower than that of a wall obtained, so traditional, from a full and filled concrete pre-wall insulating material.

Ainsi, la présente invention permet, avantageusement, d'obtenir un nouveau mur isolant d'épaisseur inférieure aux murs isolants de l'état de la technique ce qui autorise un gain substantiel en surface habitable, ceci pour une surface au sol identique du bâtiment.Thus, the present invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain a new insulating wall with a thickness less than the insulating walls of the state of the art which allows a substantial gain in living area, this for an identical floor area of building.

De plus, le fait de réaliser un mur isolant d'épaisseur réduite permet, de manière avantageuse, d'une part, de réaliser un gain substantiel en matière première et, d'autre part, de réduire sensiblement le poids d'un mur isolant par rapport à celui d'un mur isolant traditionnel.In addition, the fact of making an insulating wall of reduced thickness allows, on the one hand, to achieve a gain substantial in raw material and, on the other hand, to reduce appreciably the weight of an insulating wall compared to that of a traditional insulating wall.

Il en résulte que la charge imposée, par un tel mur isolant, sur les fondations d'un bâtiment est, par conséquent, réduite ce qui présente un intérêt substantiel pour des constructions réalisées sur des terrains sensibles.It follows that the load imposed by such an insulating wall on the foundations of a building is, therefore, reduced which is of substantial interest for constructions carried out on sensitive terrain.

Il convient, encore, d'observer que ce nouveau mur isolant est réalisé à partir d'un mélange hydraulique à base de béton et répond aux normes de rigidité en vigueur de sorte qu'il est possible de disposer plusieurs de ces murs isolants l'un au dessus de l'autre de manière à définir un bâtiment à plusieurs étages.It should also be noted that this new insulating wall is made from a hydraulic mixture based on concrete and meets the standards of rigidity in force so that it is possible to have several of these insulating walls one at a above each other so as to define a building with several floors.

Le fait que les parois ainsi que le remplissage de leur espacement soient réalisés à partir d'un matériau isolant évite, avantageusement, d'avoir recours à la mise en place d'au moins une paroi de doublage, isolante et onéreuse, après avoir érigé le mur. Il est donc possible, notamment après avoir conféré audit mur un aspect extérieur approprié lors de sa fabrication, de réaliser, directement et sans préparation préalable, l'application d'un revêtement du type tapisserie ou autre sur un tel mur.The fact that the walls and the filling of their spacing are made from an insulating material avoids, advantageously, to have recourse to the establishment of at least an insulating and expensive lining wall, after having erected the wall. It is therefore possible, in particular after having conferred said wall has an appropriate external appearance during its manufacture, to carry out, directly and without prior preparation, the application of a tapestry or other coating on a such a wall.

On remarquera, également, que le fait d'incorporer un matériau isolant dans lesdites parois permet, avantageusement, d'abaisser la compacité, la densité et la dureté d'un tel mur par rapport à un pré-mur en béton traditionnel. Ceci facilite considérablement les interventions sur ce nouveau mur isolant, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit de réaliser une saignée ou encore de percer un orifice destiné à recevoir un organe de fixation ou analogue.It will also be noted that the fact of incorporating a material insulation in said walls advantageously makes it possible to lower the compactness, density and hardness of such a wall compared to a traditional concrete pre-wall. This greatly facilitates interventions on this new insulating wall, in particular when it comes to making a bloodletting or drilling a orifice intended to receive a fixing member or the like.

De plus, la fabrication d'un tel pré-mur fait intervenir un adjuvant dont les fonctions, les quantités et les conditions d'incorporation dans le mélange hydraulique, permettent de maítriser la ségrégation de ce dernier de sorte que la structure du mur, après séchage, reste homogène aussi bien au niveau des parois qu'entre ces dernières. In addition, the manufacture of such a pre-wall involves a adjuvant whose functions, quantities and conditions incorporation in the hydraulic mixture, allow control the segregation of the latter so that the structure of the wall, after drying, remains uniform both in terms of walls between them.

On remarquera, également, que l'utilisation d'eau glacée et/ou le respect d'un cycle précis de séchage du mélange et/ou l'emploi de fibres permettent, avantageusement, de réduire le retrait du matériau et, par conséquent, de diminuer voire de supprimer le phénomène de fissuration.It will also be noted that the use of ice water and / or compliance with a precise drying cycle for the mixture and / or the use of fibers advantageously makes it possible to reduce the shrinkage of the material and therefore decrease or even remove the cracking phenomenon.

L'invention est exposée plus en détail dans la description qui va suivre se rapportant à un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple et illustré dans les figures du dessin en annexe dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématisée et en perspective d'un mur isolant selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématisée et en détail d'une paroi d'un tel mur en contact avec un matériau isolant remplissant l'espacement entre deux parois.
The invention is set out in more detail in the description which follows relating to an embodiment given by way of example and illustrated in the figures of the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an insulating wall according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view in detail of a wall of such a wall in contact with an insulating material filling the space between two walls.

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la fabrication de murs isolants destinés à être implantés sur le chantier de la construction d'un bâtiment ou analogue, notamment d'une habitation.The present invention relates to the field of the manufacture of insulating walls intended to be installed on the site of the construction of a building or the like, in particular of a dwelling.

Si, dans la suite de la description, il sera, plus particulièrement, fait état d'un mur de type externe destiné à délimiter, extérieurement, un tel bâtiment, la présente invention n'y est nullement limitée et concerne, également, un mur de type interne, disposé à l'intérieur dudit bâtiment, et apte définir, selon le cas, un mur porteur ou une cloison de séparation.If, in the following description, it will be more in particular, mentions an external type wall intended for demarcate, externally, such a building, the present invention is in no way limited thereto and also relates to a internal type wall, placed inside said building, and able to define, as the case may be, a load-bearing wall or a partition separation.

Tel que visible sur la figure 1 du dessin en annexe, un tel mur 1 présente une certaine épaisseur 2 et comporte, généralement, deux parois 3, 4 dont une paroi interne 3 et une paroi externe 4 qui, par exemple en référence à un mur de type externe 1, sont orientées, respectivement, vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment.As visible in Figure 1 of the attached drawing, such a wall 1 has a certain thickness 2 and generally comprises two walls 3, 4 including an internal wall 3 and an external wall 4 which, for example with reference to an external type 1 wall, are oriented inward and outward, respectively of said building.

Lesdites parois interne 3 et externe 4 sont disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle. Ces deux parois 3, 4 présentent, chacune, une certaine épaisseur 5, 6 et sont disposées à une distance 7 l'une de l'autre de manière à définir, entre elles, un espacement 8.
Dans cet espacement 8 s'étendent des moyens de liaison 9 aptes à relier lesdites parois 3, 4 entre elles.Said internal 3 and external 4 walls are arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner. These two walls 3, 4 each have a certain thickness 5, 6 and are arranged at a distance 7 from one another so as to define a spacing 8 between them.
In this spacing 8 extend connecting means 9 able to connect said walls 3, 4 to each other.

Selon une première caractéristique de la présente invention, ledit mur 1 présente une épaisseur 2 inférieure à 40 cm.According to a first characteristic of the present invention, said wall 1 has a thickness 2 of less than 40 cm.

Dans un pareil cas, lesdites parois interne 3 et externe 4 présentent, chacune, une épaisseur 5, 6 comprise entre 4 cm et 10 cm sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour une épaisseur 5, 6 de 6 cm.In such a case, said internal 3 and external 4 walls each have a thickness 5, 6 of between 4 cm and 10 cm knowing that good results are obtained for a thickness 5, 6 of 6 cm.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention, ces parois 3, 4 sont de type isolant et sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, par m3, contient :

  • au moins 250 kg de ciment ;
  • au moins 250 litres d'air piégé par l'intermédiaire de particules 10 d'un matériau isolant ;
  • un adjuvant apte à enrober lesdites particules 10 de matériau isolant et dont la masse est, par rapport à celle du ciment, au moins égale à 0.4% ;
  • de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, these walls 3, 4 are of the insulating type and are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, per m 3 , contains:
  • at least 250 kg of cement;
  • at least 250 liters of air trapped via particles 10 of an insulating material;
  • an adjuvant capable of coating said particles 10 with insulating material and whose mass is, relative to that of the cement, at least equal to 0.4%;
  • water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5.

En ce qui concerne lesdites particules 10 en matériau isolant, ces dernières peuvent, selon une première solution, être définies par des particules de types pleines. Ces dernières sont, alors, constituées en un matériau synthétique de type expansé, notamment du polystyrène ou autre, et adoptent, par exemple, la forme de billes.As regards said particles 10 of insulating material, these can, according to a first solution, be defined by particles of solid types. These last are then made of a synthetic material of the type expanded, in particular polystyrene or other, and adopt, by example, the shape of beads.

Une autre solution consiste à incorporer, dans ledit mélange hydraulique, des particules 10 de matériau isolant adoptant la forme de particules creuses. Ces dernières sont délimitées par une enveloppe en verre, en matériau synthétique ou autre, cette enveloppe étant, par exemple, de forme sphérique.Another solution consists in incorporating, in said mixture hydraulic, particles 10 of insulating material adopting the form of hollow particles. These are delimited by a glass, synthetic or other material envelope, this envelope being, for example, spherical in shape.

Finalement, une dernière solution consiste à employer des particules 10 définies en un matériau poreux du type roche volcanique ou analogue.Finally, a final solution is to use particles 10 defined in a porous material of the rock type volcanic or the like.

En fait, si le volume minimum d'air piégé par l'intermédiaire desdites particules isolantes 10 est de 250 l/m3, le volume maximum d'air piégé est de l'ordre de 900 l/m3 sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour 800 l/m3.In fact, if the minimum volume of air trapped via said insulating particles 10 is 250 l / m 3 , the maximum volume of air trapped is of the order of 900 l / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 800 l / m 3 .

Il convient d'observer qu'il est, d'ores et déjà, connu d'incorporer des particules isolantes, notamment sous forme de billes de polystyrène, dans un mélange ciment-eau. En fait, dans cet état de la technique et lors d'une telle incorporation, les grains de ciment s'agencent sous la forme de chapelets raccordés, à l'une de leurs extrémités, à une particule et s'éloignant de cette dernière. La présence de ces chapelets occasionne la répulsion des particules isolantes ce qui se traduit, à terme, par un phénomène de ségrégation du mélange hydraulique.It should be noted that it is already known to incorporate insulating particles, in particular in the form of polystyrene beads, in a cement-water mixture. In fact, in this state of the art and during such incorporation, the cement grains are arranged in strings connected, at one of their ends, to a particle and moving away from the latter. The presence of these rosaries causes repulsion of insulating particles which ultimately translated by a phenomenon of segregation of the mixture hydraulic.

Afin de remédier à ce problème, il est incorporé, au mélange hydraulique, un adjuvant apte à enrober lesdites particules 10 de matériau isolant. La présence de cet adjuvant permet à la laitance de ciment d'enrober, de manière homogène, lesdites particules isolantes 10 et de créer un effet de voûte apte à empêcher, ou tout du moins à réduire notablement, le phénomène de répulsion entre particules 10. Ceci permet de remédier au phénomène de ségrégation du mélange hydraulique.In order to remedy this problem, it is incorporated into the mixture hydraulic, an adjuvant capable of coating said particles 10 of insulating material. The presence of this adjuvant allows the cement slurry to coat, homogeneously, said insulating particles 10 and create an arch effect suitable for prevent, or at least significantly reduce, the phenomenon of repulsion between particles 10. This makes it possible to remedy the phenomenon of segregation of the hydraulic mixture.

De plus, la présence d'un tel adjuvant améliore, sensiblement, la rhéologie du mélange hydraulique ce qui facilite, d'une part, le mélangeage de ce dernier et, d'autre part, sa mise en oeuvre, notamment lors du moulage.In addition, the presence of such an adjuvant significantly improves, the rheology of the hydraulic mixture which facilitates, on the one hand, the mixing of the latter and, on the other hand, its implementation, especially during molding.

En outre, on remarquera que le fait d'ajouter un adjuvant de ce type permet, avantageusement, d'augmenter la résistance du mélange et, par conséquent, celle du mur défini ultérieurement.In addition, it will be noted that the fact of adding an adjuvant of this type advantageously increases the resistance of the mixture and, consequently, that of the wall defined later.

En fait, la masse de cet adjuvant, par rapport à celle du ciment, est, d'une part, au moins égale à 0.4% et, d'autre part, inférieure à 1%, sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour 0.8%.In fact, the mass of this adjuvant, compared to that of cement is, on the one hand, at least equal to 0.4% and, on the other hand, less than 1%, knowing that good results are obtained for 0.8%.

Selon un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention, lesdites parois isolantes 3, 4 sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, par m3, contient :

  • au moins 250 kg de ciment ;
  • des inclusions de bulles d'air représentant un volume total d'air d'au moins 250 litres ;
  • un adjuvant, d'une part, apte, lors de son incorporation dans ledit mélange hydraulique, à entraíner de l'air dans ce dernier pour la création desdites inclusions et, d'autre part, dont le volume est d'au moins 0.8 litre par m3 de mélange hydraulique ;
  • de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5.
According to a second embodiment of the present invention, said insulating walls 3, 4 are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, per m 3 , contains:
  • at least 250 kg of cement;
  • inclusions of air bubbles representing a total volume of air of at least 250 liters;
  • an adjuvant, on the one hand, capable, when incorporated into said hydraulic mixture, of entraining air in the latter for the creation of said inclusions and, on the other hand, whose volume is at least 0.8 liters per m 3 of hydraulic mixture;
  • water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5.

Dans ce dernier cas, le caractère isolant du mélange hydraulique lui est conféré par la présence des inclusions de bulles d'air.In the latter case, the insulating nature of the hydraulic mixture it is conferred by the presence of inclusions of air bubbles.

De manière générale et quel que soit le mode de réalisation envisagé, il convient d'observer que le fait d'ajouter de l'eau à du ciment déclenche la réaction hydraulique ce qui entraíne une élévation de la température du mélange hydraulique. Sachant que ce mélange est de type isolant, la chaleur dégagée par la réaction hydraulique est particulièrement difficile à évacuer ce qui peut être préjudiciable à la qualité dudit mélange et à celle du mur ultérieurement obtenu.In general and regardless of the embodiment considered, it should be noted that adding water to cement triggers the hydraulic reaction which causes an increase in the temperature of the hydraulic mixture. Knowing that this mixture is of the insulating type, the heat given off by the hydraulic reaction is particularly difficult to evacuate this which can be detrimental to the quality of said mixture and to that of the wall subsequently obtained.

Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients et selon une autre particularité de la présente invention, l'eau destinée à être incorporée dans le mélange hydraulique est, au préalable, réfrigérée. En fait et selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ladite eau est glacée, du moins en partie.In order to remedy these drawbacks and according to another particularity of the present invention, the water intended to be incorporated in the hydraulic mixture is, beforehand, refrigerated. In fact and according to a preferred embodiment, said water is frozen, at least in part.

Tel qu'évoqué ci-dessus, le mélange hydraulique contient du ciment dont la présence est assurée, soit à titre individuel, soit en combinaison avec un matériau de remplissage 11, usuellement dénommé « filler ». Un tel matériau de remplissage 11 est, en fait, constitué par des particules fines à base de silice, telles que des scories, des cendres, des fumées ou des sous-produits de combustion.As mentioned above, the hydraulic mixture contains cement, the presence of which is ensured, either individually, either in combination with a filling material 11, usually called "filler". Such a filling material It is, in fact, constituted by fine particles based on silica, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.

A ce propos, on observera que, en l'absence de matériau de remplissage 11, il est nécessaire d'incorporer au moins 350 kg de ciment, de préférence 600 kg, par m3 de mélange hydraulique.In this regard, it will be observed that, in the absence of filling material 11, it is necessary to incorporate at least 350 kg of cement, preferably 600 kg, per m 3 of hydraulic mixture.

Cependant, lorsque l'on combine un matériau de remplissage 11 avec un tel ciment, il est nécessaire que la masse de ce matériau de remplissage 11 rajouté corresponde à un pourcentage de 30 à 60% de la masse de ciment dans le mélange, sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus lors que la masse du ciment est égale au triple de celle du matériau de remplissage 11.However, when combining a filler 11 with such a cement, it is necessary that the mass of this filling material 11 added corresponds to a percentage 30 to 60% of the mass of cement in the mixture, knowing that good results are obtained when the mass of the cement is equal to three times that of the filling material 11.

Dans un pareil cas, la présence de ciment doit être assurée à hauteur d'au moins 250 kg/m3 sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour 450 kg/m3 de ciment et 150 kg/m3 de matériau de remplissage 11.
Ainsi, la présence d'un tel matériau de remplissage 11 permet, avantageusement, de réduire la quantité de ciment nécessaire à l'élaboration du mélange hydraulique et, par conséquent, d'abaisser le coût de revient de ce dernier.In such a case, the presence of cement must be ensured up to at least 250 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 450 kg / m 3 of cement and 150 kg / m 3 of filling material 11.
Thus, the presence of such a filling material 11 advantageously makes it possible to reduce the quantity of cement necessary for the preparation of the hydraulic mixture and, consequently, to lower the cost price of the latter.

Outre ces avantages, l'incorporation d'un tel matériau de remplissage 11 permet, encore, une meilleure maítrise de l'échauffement du mélange hydraulique et facilite la mise en oeuvre de ce dernier.In addition to these advantages, the incorporation of such a material filling 11 allows, still, a better control of the heating of the hydraulic mixture and facilitates the work of the latter.

Une autre caractéristique de la présente invention concerne le fait que le mélange hydraulique peut être additionné de fibres, plus particulièrement de type fibres de renfort 12.Another characteristic of the present invention relates to the the fact that the hydraulic mixture can be supplemented with fibers, more particularly of the reinforcing fiber type 12.

A ce propos, il peut être fait appel à des fibres métalliques dont la présence est assurée à hauteur d'au moins 25 kg/m3 sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour 35 à 60 kg/m3.In this regard, use may be made of metallic fibers, the presence of which is guaranteed up to at least 25 kg / m 3, knowing that good results are obtained for 35 to 60 kg / m 3 .

On observera que ces fibres métalliques présentent, de préférence, une longueur comprise entre 20 et 70 mm et que leur diamètre avoisine les 0.8 mm.It will be observed that these metallic fibers have, preferably between 20 and 70 mm in length and their diameter is around 0.8 mm.

On peut, également, avoir recours à au moins 5 kg/m3 de fibres de verre sachant que 8 à 10 kg/m3 de ces dernières permettent d'obtenir de bons résultats. It is also possible to use at least 5 kg / m 3 of glass fibers, knowing that 8 to 10 kg / m 3 of the latter allow good results to be obtained.

Evidemment, un mélange de ces deux types de fibres, de verre et métalliques, est également envisageable.Obviously, a mixture of these two types of fibers, glass and metal, is also possible.

L'ajout de telles fibres permet, d'une part, de maítriser le phénomène de retrait du mélange hydraulique lors de son séchage et, d'autre part, de renforcer la tenue mécanique du mur 1.The addition of such fibers makes it possible, on the one hand, to control the shrinkage phenomenon of the hydraulic mixture during drying and, on the other hand, to reinforce the mechanical strength of the wall 1.

Selon une autre particularité, le mélange hydraulique est additionné de sable apte à augmenter, d'une part, sa densité et, d'autre part, la résistance du mur 1.According to another particular feature, the hydraulic mixture is added with sand capable of increasing, on the one hand, its density and, on the other hand, the resistance of wall 1.

Ce sable est ajouté à hauteur de 10 à 20 kg/m3 sachant que de bons résultats sont obtenus pour environ 15 kg/m3.This sand is added at a height of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for about 15 kg / m 3 .

Tel qu'évoqué ci dessus, le mur isolant 1, comportant deux parois 3, 4 reliées entre elles et obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique décrit ci dessus, peut définir un mur de type interne. Dans un pareil cas, ce dernier peut être implanté tel quel sur le chantier de la construction d'un bâtiment.As mentioned above, the insulating wall 1, comprising two walls 3, 4 interconnected and obtained from a hydraulic mixture described above, can define a wall of internal type. In such a case, the latter can be implanted as is on the construction site of a building.

Cependant, dans le cas d'un mur 1 externe, usuellement de type porteur, il convient de conférer à ce dernier des qualités d'isolation aptes à satisfaire aux normes en vigueur.However, in the case of an external wall 1, usually of the type carrier, it is necessary to confer on the latter qualities insulation capable of meeting current standards.

A cet effet, après l'implantation sur site d'un tel mur 1 externe, il convient de compléter ce dernier par un matériau isolant 13, disposé entre lesdites parois 3, 4, au niveau de l'espacement 8 résidant entre ces dernières.For this purpose, after the installation on site of such a wall 1 external, it should be supplemented with a material insulator 13, disposed between said walls 3, 4, at the spacing 8 residing between them.

En fait, cet espacement 8 est rempli, notamment par coulage, à l'aide d'un matériau isolant 13 élaboré, au moins, à partir de ciment, d'eau, d'un adjuvant, ce dernier étant, selon le cas, apte à créer des inclusions de bulles d'air ou, le cas échéant, complété par des particules 10 en un matériau isolant. In fact, this spacing 8 is filled, in particular by casting, at using an insulating material 13 produced, at least, from cement, water, an adjuvant, the latter being, as the case may be, able to create inclusions of air bubbles or, if necessary, supplemented by particles 10 of an insulating material.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, la composition de ce matériau isolant 13, c'est à dire la nature et la quantité de ses ingrédients, est similaire au mélange hydraulique décrit ci dessus et apte à constituer lesdites parois interne 3 et externe 4.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of this insulating material 13, that is to say the nature and the amount of its ingredients, is similar to the mixture hydraulic described above and capable of constituting said internal 3 and external 4 walls.

Ainsi, ledit matériau isolant 13 contient, par m3 de mélange hydraulique :

  • au moins 250 kg de ciment ;
  • au moins 250 litres d'air piégé ;
  • un adjuvant dont, soit la masse est, par rapport à celle du ciment, au moins égale à 0.4%, soit le volume est d'au moins 0.8 litre par m3 de mélange hydraulique, cet adjuvant étant, le cas échéant, associé à des particules 10 en un matériau isolant et aptes à piéger de l'air;
  • de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5.
Thus, said insulating material 13 contains, per m 3 of hydraulic mixture:
  • at least 250 kg of cement;
  • at least 250 liters of trapped air;
  • an adjuvant of which either the mass is, relative to that of the cement, at least equal to 0.4%, or the volume is at least 0.8 liters per m 3 of hydraulic mixture, this adjuvant being, where appropriate, associated with particles 10 made of an insulating material and capable of trapping air;
  • water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5.

La présente invention concerne, également, un procédé de fabrication d'un tel mur isolant 1 consistant, dans une première étape, à introduire un ciment dans un mélangeur.The present invention also relates to a method of manufacture of such an insulating wall 1 consisting, in a first step, to introduce a cement in a mixer.

Dans une seconde étape, il est ajouté, à ce ciment, une eau contenant un adjuvant.In a second step, water is added to this cement. containing an adjuvant.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, cette eau est, avant son incorporation, réfrigérée, voire glacée, au moins en partie.According to a preferred embodiment, this water is, before its incorporation, refrigerated, even glazed, at least in part.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, ledit adjuvant est apte à définir des inclusions de bulles d'air dans le mélange hydraulique, tandis que, selon un second mode de réalisation, cet adjuvant vient en complément de particules 10 d'un matériau de type isolant.According to a first embodiment of the invention, said adjuvant is able to define inclusions of air bubbles in the hydraulic mixture, while, according to a second mode of realization, this adjuvant comes in addition to particles 10 of an insulating material.

On observera que, lorsque le mélange hydraulique comporte de telles particules isolantes 10, ces dernières sont, de préférence, introduites dans le mélangeur avant le ciment. De plus, lorsque le mélange hydraulique contient du sable, ce dernier est introduit dans le mélangeur et, le cas échéant, rajouté à des particules isolantes 10, avant l'introduction du ciment.It will be observed that, when the hydraulic mixture comprises such insulating particles 10, the latter are, of preferably introduced into the mixer before the cement. In addition, when the hydraulic mixture contains sand, this the latter is introduced into the mixer and, if necessary, added to insulating particles 10, before the introduction of the cement.

Lorsque ce ciment est complété par un matériau de remplissage 11, ce dernier est introduit dans le mélangeur avant le ciment et, le cas échéant, après le sable et les particules isolantes 10.When this cement is completed with a filling material 11, the latter is introduced into the mixer before the cement and, if necessary, after sand and insulating particles 10.

Finalement, le premier mélange hydraulique ainsi obtenu peut encore être additionné, le cas échéant, de fibres de renfort 12, notamment des fibres de verre et/ou des fibres de type métallique. Ces fibres 12 sont, de préférence, incorporées au mélange après le ciment et avant l'eau.Finally, the first hydraulic mixture thus obtained can further be added, where appropriate, reinforcing fibers 12, in particular glass fibers and / or fibers of the type metallic. These fibers 12 are preferably incorporated into the mixing after cement and before water.

L'on assure le mélangeage de ce premier mélange hydraulique avant de couler ce dernier, au cours d'une troisième étape du procédé selon l'invention, dans un moule.This first hydraulic mixture is mixed before sinking the latter, during a third stage of the method according to the invention, in a mold.

On observera que, au cours de ces premières étapes du procédé, les matériaux employés sont maintenus, constamment, sous agitation ou analogue en vue, d'une part, d'assurer l'homogénéité du mélange hydraulique et, d'autre part, de retarder la prise de ce dernier.It will be observed that, during these first stages of the process, the materials used are kept, constantly, under agitation or the like with a view, on the one hand, to ensuring the homogeneity of the hydraulic mixture and, on the other hand, delay taking it.

Avant ou après la coulée dudit mélange dans le moule, les moyens de liaison 9 sont disposés dans ce dernier. On remarquera que, selon un mode de réalisation particulier, de tels moyens de liaison 9 sont susceptibles de définir une armature apte à renforcer le mur 1. Le cas échéant, lesdits moyens de liaison 9 peuvent être complétés par une telle armature, cette dernière étant disposée dans le moule avant ou après la coulée du mélange hydraulique.Before or after pouring said mixture into the mold, the means 9 are arranged in the latter. Note that, according to a particular embodiment, such means of link 9 are likely to define a frame capable of reinforce the wall 1. If necessary, said connecting means 9 can be completed with such a frame, the latter being placed in the mold before or after pouring the mixture hydraulic.

L'on assure, alors, le séchage dudit premier mélange hydraulique en vue de définir, selon le cas, une paroi externe 4 ou interne 3 du mur 1.
On observera que, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ce séchage s'effectue dans une étuve à au moins 35°C, de préférence 40°C, pendant une durée supérieure à 6 heures, de préférence au moins égale à 8 heures.The first hydraulic mixture is then dried in order to define, as the case may be, an external wall 4 or internal wall 3 of the wall 1.
It will be observed that, according to a preferred embodiment, this drying takes place in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period greater than 6 hours, preferably at least equal to 8 hours.

On réalise, également, un second mélange hydraulique, de manière similaire au premier et de même composition. Ce second mélange est destiné à définir, après son séchage, selon le cas, une paroi interne 3 ou externe 4.A second hydraulic mixture is also produced, so that similar to the first and of the same composition. This second mixture is intended to define, after drying, as the case may be, a internal wall 3 or external wall 4.

Ce second mélange hydraulique est, en fait, coulé dans un moule similaire à celui recevant le premier mélange hydraulique.This second hydraulic mixture is, in fact, poured into a mold similar to that receiving the first hydraulic mixture.

L'on procède, après cette seconde coulée, au retournement de la paroi externe 4 ou interne 3 obtenue à partir du premier mélange hydraulique et l'on assure, en partie, l'immersion des moyens de liaison 9 qui lui sont associés dans le second mélange hydraulique.One proceeds, after this second pouring, to the reversal of the external wall 4 or internal wall 3 obtained from the first mixture hydraulic and part of the immersion is ensured bond 9 associated with it in the second mixture hydraulic.

Il est, ensuite, procédé au séchage dudit second mélange hydraulique, un tel séchage pouvant s'effectuer, comme pour le premier mélange, dans une étuve à au moins 35°C, de préférence 40°C, pendant une durée supérieure à 6 heures, de préférence au moins égale à 8 heures. The second mixture is then dried. hydraulic, such drying can be carried out, as for first mixture, in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at less equal to 8 hours.

On observera que les différentes phases du procédé décrit ci-dessus peuvent être accomplies en usine.It will be observed that the different phases of the process described above can be completed at the factory.

Après séchage, le mur 1 ainsi obtenu peut, soit être stocké, soit être directement acheminé sur un chantier.After drying, the wall 1 thus obtained can either be stored, either be directly transported to a site.

Après son implantation sur site, ledit mur 1, notamment lorsque ce dernier est du type externe, peut être complété par un matériau isolant 13. Ce dernier est coulé dans l'espacement 8 existant entre les parois interne 3 et externe 4, un tel matériau isolant 13 étant de composition similaire au mélange hydraulique décrit ci dessus.After its installation on site, said wall 1, in particular when the latter is of the external type, can be completed by a insulating material 13. The latter is poured into the spacing 8 existing between the inner 3 and outer 4 walls, such insulating material 13 having a composition similar to the mixture hydraulics described above.

Claims (13)

Mur isolant destiné à intervenir dans la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation ou analogue, et comportant une paroi interne (3) ainsi qu'une paroi externe (4), notamment orientées vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment, lesdites parois (3, 4) étant, d'une part, disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle et, d'autre part, reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison (9) et, d'autre part encore, aptes à définir un espacement (8), caractérisé par le fait, d'une part, que ledit mur (1) présente une épaisseur (2) inférieure à 40 cm et, d'autre part, que lesdites parois interne (3) et externe (4) présentent, chacune, une épaisseur (5, 6) d'au moins 4 cm et sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, d'une part, présente une composition similaire à celle d'un matériau isolant (13) susceptible de remplir, notamment par coulage, ledit espacement (8) entre les parois interne (3) et externe (4) et, d'autre part, contient, par m3 : au moins 250 kg de ciment ; au moins 250 litres d'air piégé par l'intermédiaire de particules (10) d'un matériau isolant ; un adjuvant apte à enrober lesdites particules (10) de matériau isolant et dont la masse est, par rapport à celle du ciment, au moins égale à 0.4% ; de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5. Insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or the like, and comprising an internal wall (3) as well as an external wall (4), in particular oriented towards the interior and towards the exterior of said building, said walls (3, 4) being, on the one hand, arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner and, on the other hand, interconnected by means of connecting means ( 9) and, on the other hand, capable of defining a spacing (8), characterized in that, on the one hand, said wall (1) has a thickness (2) of less than 40 cm and, on the other hand part, that said internal (3) and external (4) walls each have a thickness (5, 6) of at least 4 cm and are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, on the one hand, has a composition similar to that of an insulating material (13) capable of filling, in particular by pouring, said spacing (8) between the internal walls (3) and e xterne (4) and, on the other hand, contains, per m 3 : at least 250 kg of cement; at least 250 liters of air trapped through particles (10) of an insulating material; an adjuvant capable of coating said particles (10) with insulating material and whose mass is, relative to that of the cement, at least equal to 0.4%; water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5. Mur isolant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites particules (10) de matériau isolant sont de type pleines et sont définies en un matériau synthétique de type expansé, notamment du polystyrène ou autre, par exemple sous forme de billes.Insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said particles (10) of insulating material are of the type solid and are defined in a synthetic material of the type expanded, in particular polystyrene or the like, for example under ball shape. Mur isolant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites particules (10) de matériau isolant sont de type creuses et sont délimitées par une enveloppe en verre, en matériau synthétique ou autre, ladite enveloppe étant, par exemple, de forme sphérique.Insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said particles (10) of insulating material are of the type hollow and are delimited by a glass envelope, in synthetic or other material, said envelope being, by example, spherical in shape. Mur isolant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites particules (10) de matériau isolant sont définies en un matériau poreux du type roche volcanique ou analogue.Insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said particles (10) of insulating material are defined made of a porous material of the volcanic rock type or the like. Mur isolant destiné à intervenir dans la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation ou analogue, et comportant une paroi interne (3) ainsi qu'une paroi externe (4), notamment orientées vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur dudit bâtiment, lesdites parois (3, 4) étant, d'une part, disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et de manière sensiblement parallèle et, d'autre part, reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison (9) et, d'autre part encore, aptes à définir un espacement (8), caractérisé par le fait, d'une part, que ledit mur (1) présente une épaisseur (2) inférieure à 40 cm et, d'autre part, que lesdites parois interne (3) et externe (4) présentent, chacune, une épaisseur (5, 6) d'au moins 4 cm et sont obtenues à partir d'un mélange hydraulique qui, d'une part, présente une composition similaire à celle d'un matériau isolant (13) susceptible de remplir, notamment par coulage, ledit espacement (8) entre les parois interne (3) et externe (4) et, d'autre part, contient, par m3 : au moins 250 kg de ciment ; des inclusions de bulles d'air représentant un volume total d'air d'au moins 250 litres ; un adjuvant, d'une part, apte, lors de la réalisation dudit mélange, à entraíner de l'air dans ce dernier pour la création desdites inclusions et, d'autre part, dont le volume est d'au moins 0.8 litre par m3 de mélange hydraulique ; de l'eau en quantité telle que le rapport, en masse, eau/ciment est compris entre 0.2 et 0.5. Insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or the like, and comprising an internal wall (3) as well as an external wall (4), in particular oriented towards the interior and towards the exterior of said building, said walls (3, 4) being, on the one hand, arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner and, on the other hand, interconnected by means of connecting means ( 9) and, on the other hand, capable of defining a spacing (8), characterized in that, on the one hand, said wall (1) has a thickness (2) of less than 40 cm and, on the other hand part, that said internal (3) and external (4) walls each have a thickness (5, 6) of at least 4 cm and are obtained from a hydraulic mixture which, on the one hand, has a composition similar to that of an insulating material (13) capable of filling, in particular by pouring, said spacing (8) between the internal walls (3) and e xterne (4) and, on the other hand, contains, per m 3 : at least 250 kg of cement; inclusions of air bubbles representing a total volume of air of at least 250 liters; an adjuvant, on the one hand, capable, during the production of said mixture, of entraining air in the latter for the creation of said inclusions and, on the other hand, whose volume is at least 0.8 liters per m 3 of hydraulic mixing; water in quantity such that the ratio, by mass, water / cement is between 0.2 and 0.5. Mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'eau destinée à être incorporée au mélange hydraulique est, préalablement, réfrigérée et est, de préférence, glacée, du moins en partie.Insulating wall according to any one of the claims above, characterized in that the water intended to be incorporated into the hydraulic mixture is previously refrigerated and is preferably frozen, at least in part. Mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le ciment peut être combiné à un matériau de remplissage (11) constitué par des particules fines à base de silice, telles que des scories, des cendres, des fumées ou des sous-produits de combustion.Insulating wall according to any one of the claims previous, characterized in that the cement can be combined with a filling material (11) consisting of fine silica-based particles, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products. Mur isolant selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la masse du matériau de remplissage (11) rajouté correspond à un pourcentage de 30 à 60% de la masse de ciment dans le mélange hydraulique.Insulating wall according to claim 7, characterized in that that the mass of the filling material (11) added corresponds at a percentage of 30 to 60% of the mass of cement in the hydraulic mixture. Mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange comporte des fibres de renfort (12), notamment des fibres de type métallique et/ou des fibres de verre en quantités, respectives, d'au moins 25 kg/m3 et 5 kg/m3.Insulating wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture comprises reinforcing fibers (12), in particular metallic type fibers and / or glass fibers in respective quantities of at least 25 kg / m 3 and 5 kg / m 3 . Mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange contient une quantité de sable de l'ordre de 10 à 20 kg/m3. Insulating wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture contains an amount of sand of the order of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 . Procédé de fabrication d'un mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que : l'on introduit, dans un mélangeur, un ciment auquel on incorpore une eau contenant un adjuvant qui, selon le cas, définit des inclusions de bulles d'air ou vient en complément de particules (10) d'un matériau de type isolant ; avant l'introduction du ciment dans le mélangeur, l'on introduit dans ce dernier, le cas échéant, lesdites particules de matériau isolant (10) puis du sable et, ensuite, un matériau de remplissage ; l'on rajoute au ciment, avant l'incorporation de l'eau et de l'adjuvant, et, le cas échéant, des fibres de renfort (12) ; l'on assure le mélangeage de ce premier mélange hydraulique obtenu avant de le couler dans un moule ; l'on dispose dans ce moule, avant ou après la coulée, les moyens de liaison (9) ; l'on assure le séchage dudit premier mélange hydraulique en vue de définir, selon le cas, une paroi externe (4) ou interne (3) du mur (1) ; l'on réalise un second mélange hydraulique, de manière similaire au premier et de même composition, destiné à définir, après séchage, selon le cas, une paroi interne (3) ou externe (4) ; l'on coule ce second mélange hydraulique dans un moule ; l'on procède au retournement de la paroi externe (4) ou interne (3) obtenue à partir du premier mélange hydraulique et l'on assure, en partie, l'immersion de ses moyens de liaison (9) dans le second mélange hydraulique ; l'on procède au séchage dudit second mélange hydraulique ; l'on remplit, ultérieurement et notamment par coulage, l'espacement (8) entre les parois interne (3) et externe (4) par un matériau isolant (13) de composition similaire audit mélange hydraulique. Method of manufacturing an insulating wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: a cement is introduced into a mixer, to which a water containing an adjuvant is incorporated which, as the case may be, defines inclusions of air bubbles or complements particles (10) of an insulating material; before the cement is introduced into the mixer, said particles of insulating material (10) are then introduced into the latter, if necessary, followed by sand and then a filling material; adding to the cement, before the incorporation of water and the adjuvant, and, if necessary, reinforcing fibers (12); this first hydraulic mixture obtained is mixed before it is poured into a mold; one has in this mold, before or after casting, the connecting means (9); the first hydraulic mixture is dried in order to define, as the case may be, an external (4) or internal (3) wall of the wall (1); a second hydraulic mixture is produced, similarly to the first and of the same composition, intended to define, after drying, as the case may be, an internal (3) or external (4) wall; this second hydraulic mixture is poured into a mold; the external (4) or internal (3) wall obtained from the first hydraulic mixture is turned over and part of the connection means (9) are immersed in the second hydraulic mixture ; drying of said second hydraulic mixture is carried out; the space (8) between the internal (3) and external (4) walls is subsequently filled, in particular by casting, with an insulating material (13) of composition similar to said hydraulic mixture. Procédé de fabrication d'un mur isolant selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'eau rajoutée au ciment est, au préalable, réfrigérée, cette eau étant, de préférence, glacée, du moins en partie.Method of manufacturing an insulating wall according to the claim 11, characterized in that the water added to the cement is previously refrigerated, this water being of preferably icy, at least in part. Procédé de fabrication d'un mur isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 ou 12, caractérisé par le fait que le séchage de l'un au moins desdits mélanges hydrauliques s'effectue dans une étuve à au moins 35°C, de préférence 40°C, pendant une durée supérieure à 6 heures, de préférence au moins égale à 8 heures.Method of manufacturing an insulating wall according to one any of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that that the drying of at least one of said hydraulic mixtures takes place in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for more than 6 hours, preferably at least equal to 8 hours.
EP00440179A 1999-06-24 2000-06-16 Insulating wall Expired - Lifetime EP1063364B1 (en)

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FR9908200A FR2795440B1 (en) 1999-06-24 1999-06-24 INSULATING WALL

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ITMI20101046A1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-11 Italcementi Spa COMPOSITE PANEL PERFECTED BASED ON CEMENT MORTAR WITH TRANSPARENT PRIORITY
WO2015067909A1 (en) 2013-11-07 2015-05-14 Occitanie Pierres Insulating wall with coursed self-supporting structure
EP3321443A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-05-16 Hsols Industriels Structural slab with metal fibres

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FR3024989B1 (en) 2014-08-21 2018-03-02 Lesage Developpement INTEGRATED FORMWORK WALL WITH THERMAL BREAK, METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A BUILDING THEREFROM, AND BUILDING OBTAINED

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DE19654202A1 (en) * 1996-10-25 1998-05-28 Syspro Gruppe Betonbauteile E Concrete structural component for building walls, e.g. cellar walls
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ITMI20101046A1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-11 Italcementi Spa COMPOSITE PANEL PERFECTED BASED ON CEMENT MORTAR WITH TRANSPARENT PRIORITY
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AU2011263731B2 (en) * 2010-06-10 2015-11-05 Italcementi S.P.A. Composite panel based on cementitious mortar with properties of transparency
US9469568B2 (en) 2010-06-10 2016-10-18 Italcementi S.P.A. Composite panel based on cementitious mortar with properties of transparency
WO2015067909A1 (en) 2013-11-07 2015-05-14 Occitanie Pierres Insulating wall with coursed self-supporting structure
EP3321443A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-05-16 Hsols Industriels Structural slab with metal fibres

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EP1063364B1 (en) 2002-08-21
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DE60000341D1 (en) 2002-09-26
FR2795440A1 (en) 2000-12-29
ATE222631T1 (en) 2002-09-15

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