EP1061177B1 - Cantilevered structure for the protection of a communication route - Google Patents

Cantilevered structure for the protection of a communication route Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1061177B1
EP1061177B1 EP20000112578 EP00112578A EP1061177B1 EP 1061177 B1 EP1061177 B1 EP 1061177B1 EP 20000112578 EP20000112578 EP 20000112578 EP 00112578 A EP00112578 A EP 00112578A EP 1061177 B1 EP1061177 B1 EP 1061177B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pier
structure according
slope
covering part
rods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20000112578
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1061177A3 (en
EP1061177A2 (en
Inventor
Carlo Chiaves
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1061177A2 publication Critical patent/EP1061177A2/en
Publication of EP1061177A3 publication Critical patent/EP1061177A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1061177B1 publication Critical patent/EP1061177B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to structures for the protection of communication routes such as roads, railways or canals constructed on a hillside, against rockfalls, landslides or avalanches.
  • artificial tunnels are used with arc-shaped or portal-like section, the vault of which constitutes the structure for protecting the communication route.
  • the artificial tunnels are provided with windows in the downhill wall, constituted by a series of apertures which permit daylight illumination of the communication route.
  • windows in the downhill wall constituted by a series of apertures which permit daylight illumination of the communication route.
  • Cantilevered covering structures if sufficiently robust, are preferred to artificial tunnels even with windows, both because they have a lesser environmental impact and because they eliminate the problem of alternating light and shadow on the communication route. Moreover, they do not require pillar foundation works on the downhill side of the site, which works are usually complex in so far as they have to be founded on a slope which often proves to be unsuitable for carrying loads inclined downhill. Moreover, even if they are structurally less resistant with regard to static vertical loads, they are much more resilient than the tunnel structures and therefore more suitable for supporting without damage substantial deflections resulting from localized impacts caused by rockfalls.
  • cantilevered structures have the serious drawback of requiring very firm tie-rod anchoring structures, the provision of which is very costly, in order to make it possible to obtain a strength of the structure which is not too inferior to that of an artificial tunnel, and therefore in order to be able to satisfy the safety requirements of the site in the various environmental conditions. It is further known that cantilevered structures anchored by means of tie-rods, if subjected to high forces, are not very reliable and therefore generally dangerous.
  • the subject of the invention is a cantilevered structure for the protection of a communication route, of the type indicated in the appended claim 1.
  • the structure according to the invention requires the production of a system of tie-rods which is much more modest than that necessary for the known cantilevered structures in so far as, unlike these, it has an arm for resisting the bending moment of the cantilevered part, constituted by the entire height of the structure, while in the conventional cantilevered structures the resistance to the bending moment is equal to or not much greater than the arm of the internal couple of the fixed end section of the cantilever.
  • the force of the utilization of the tie-rods necessary for the stability of the work can be drastically reduced, so that either the system of tie-rods is more economical to produce, or with the same number of tie-rods the work is significantly safer, the tie-rods being subjected to relatively smaller loads.
  • the structure proves to be particularly resistant to asymmetrical loads generated by the successive accumulations of earth-rock material on the uphill side of the structure as a result of landslides characterized by non-instantaneous movements of considerable volumes of material.
  • the structure then has the advantage of not requiring pillars on the downhill side, thus rendering it aesthetically pleasing and reducing the impact on the environment, and further permitting uniform illumination of the communication route and therefore optimum visibility.
  • the construction work consists essentially of the mounting, in succession, of prefabricated reinforced concrete units constituting successive short sections of the structure, and anchoring them to a support structure fixed to the slope. In this way it is not necessary to form a permanent building site, but the construction work can be carried out at daily rhythmic intervals, for example only at night, with minimum disturbance to traffic.
  • the reference 1 indicates as a whole a cantilevered structure intended to protect a communication route 3 against landslides, avalanches or rockfalls.
  • the structure 1 comprises a rectilinear cantilevered covering part 5 and a substantially vertical support part or pier 7, also rectilinear, which constitutes a portion of side wall.
  • the structure 1 is produced in the form of a plurality of contiguous prefabricated units placed side by side, each of which extends for an axial portion of the work.
  • a connecting part 6 which is rigidly connected to the corresponding ends of the parts 5 and 7 and is structurally of such dimensions as to support almost all the fixed end bending moment of the covering part 5.
  • the part 6 may be arcuate in shape, straight or in the shape of a broken line, but its chord, or the notional line which joins its ends for connection to the parts 5 and 7, is in each case inclined so as to form an obtuse angle both with the part 5 and with the part 7.
  • the various sections of the structure 1 bear on a continuous foundation casting 9 produced previously on site in a manner which is known per se , and are anchored to the slope P uphill of the communication route 3 by means of a support structure 10, as will be explained in the continuation of the description.
  • Each section of the structure 1 preferably includes an articulated prefabricated unit 11 of reinforced concrete, for example of the type described in European Patent Application EP-A-219 501.
  • Each of the prefabricated units 11 comprises in particular three bodies connected to one another by means of reinforcement rods at two areas of articulation, or rather, a bracket body 5a, rectilinear in shape and slightly tapered towards its free end, intended to constitute an axial section of the covering part 5 of the structure 1, an upright or column body 7a defining an axial section of the pier 7, and an intermediate body 6a capable of constituting an axial section of the connecting part 6 of the structure 1.
  • the column body 7a conveniently has a thickness equal to, or slightly less than, that of the bracket body 5a. It is strongly reinforced at the side facing the slope P by means of reinforcing bars constituted by the extension of the reinforcement of the relative body 5a, so that the bending moment which stresses the body 5a in the fixed end section can easily be withstood both by the intermediate body 6a and by the column body 7a of the unit 11.
  • the body 6a has in particular a not negligible extension with respect to that of the bracket body 5a, for example equal to at least 1/20th of the length of the body 5a.
  • the articulated prefabricated units of the type indicated above have the advantage of being able to be produced in a flat configuration so as to be able to be transported easily in the extended state from the production premises to the construction site. While being installed on site, they are lifted by means of special equipment in such a manner that, by the effect of their weight, the reinforcing rods bend during lifting, at the areas of articulation between the various bodies, so that the entire unit 11 automatically assumes its final configuration of an inverted L-shape, bevelled at the intermediate body 6a.
  • the unit 11 bears, with the opposite end of the column body 7a from the body 6a, on the foundation casting 9, by way of a respective static hinge 9a of the type described in European Patent Application EP-A-861 358, produced at the lower edge of the body 7a intended to be turned towards the communication route 3.
  • the hinge 9a in summary, comprises a part consisting of a hollow cylindrical appendage integral with the body 7a and of another hollow part corresponding to the cylindrical appendage of the body 9a and connected to the foundation 9, produced on site by casting concrete between the foundation 9 and the unit 11 when the unit 11 is bearing on the foundation.
  • a layer of anti-friction material for example consisting of a sheet of high density polyethylene or another deformable plastics material, having a low coefficient of friction with respect to concrete, in order to facilitate relative rotation between the body 7a and the foundation 9.
  • each unit 11 After each unit 11 has been brought into its erect position, or after it has assumed its final configuration of an inverted L-shape, it is stabilized by connecting it to a common anchoring structure 12 fixed to the slope P.
  • the anchoring structure 12 is arranged before the mounting of the units 11 by forming on the slope P a kerb 13 having the function of a regularizing casting, and a head beam 15 above the kerb 13.
  • the beam 15 is then perforated at predetermined intervals in order to insert into it and into the wall of the slope P a plurality of tie-rods 17.
  • each of the units 11 When each of the units 11 has assumed the erect position illustrated in Figure 1, it is connected to the anchoring structure 12 by means of retaining members 19 working under tension, consisting for example of a pair of screw-threaded bars for each unit 11, which extend from the relative bracket body 5a in proximity to the area of articulation to the intermediate body 6a.
  • the retaining members 19 are inserted between the pair of profile sections 18 so as to engage the space between them and are locked with respect to the mooring beam by means of clamping nuts 19a.
  • the structure 1 can be finally fixed to the slope P by producing on site a substantially horizontal slab 21 of reinforced concrete, optionally pre-stressed, having the function of a tie-beam, at the upper outer surface of the bracket body 5a, in such a manner as to incorporate also the anchoring structure 12 in the slab 21.
  • the slab 21 also has the function of interconnecting the various prefabricated units 11 in such a manner as to render them integral with one another and of finally securing the units 11 to the tie-rods 17 and, by way of the latter, anchoring the entire structure 1 to the wall of the slope P.
  • a series of additional tie-rods 23 is further arranged so as to traverse a part of the slab 21 in proximity to the slope P and the head beam 15.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
EP20000112578 1999-06-16 2000-06-14 Cantilevered structure for the protection of a communication route Expired - Lifetime EP1061177B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO990513 1999-06-16
IT1999TO000513 IT1308731B1 (it) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 Struttura a sbalzo per la protezione di una via di comunicazione

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1061177A2 EP1061177A2 (en) 2000-12-20
EP1061177A3 EP1061177A3 (en) 2003-07-02
EP1061177B1 true EP1061177B1 (en) 2006-05-10

Family

ID=11417894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20000112578 Expired - Lifetime EP1061177B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2000-06-14 Cantilevered structure for the protection of a communication route

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1061177B1 (es)
ES (1) ES2262471T3 (es)
IT (1) IT1308731B1 (es)
PT (1) PT1061177E (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20030519A1 (it) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-09 Carlo Chiaves Sistema d'appoggio articolabile di un elemento
EA017514B1 (ru) * 2010-02-10 2013-01-30 Темир Болотбекович Иманалиев Сейсмостойкий гаситель энергии лавины
EA017531B1 (ru) * 2010-03-02 2013-01-30 Темир Болотбекович Иманалиев Лавинозащитная галерея-трамплин
EA017513B1 (ru) * 2010-03-29 2013-01-30 Темир Болотбекович Иманалиев Висячая лавинозащитная галерея-виадук
CN106758895A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-31 广西交通科学研究院有限公司 一种防治公路高边坡病害的棚洞结构及其施工方法
CN111473779B (zh) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-24 北京工业大学 一种滑坡-隧道体系变形的识别和联动监测的方法
AT525391A1 (de) * 2021-08-27 2023-03-15 Immofinanz Ag Abfangkonstruktion

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2436331A1 (fr) * 1978-09-18 1980-04-11 Staempfli Alexandre Element de beton arme prefabrique pour travaux maritimes et terrestres
JPH01244003A (ja) * 1988-03-22 1989-09-28 Kurosawa Kensetsu Kk ロックシェッド
JPH0733645B2 (ja) * 1988-03-25 1995-04-12 日本サミコン株式会社 雪崩落石等防護構造

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1061177E (pt) 2006-08-31
EP1061177A3 (en) 2003-07-02
IT1308731B1 (it) 2002-01-10
ITTO990513A1 (it) 2000-12-16
EP1061177A2 (en) 2000-12-20
ES2262471T3 (es) 2006-12-01

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