EP1055489B1 - Process for determining the operational life and state of a hydraulic impact assembly - Google Patents
Process for determining the operational life and state of a hydraulic impact assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1055489B1 EP1055489B1 EP00109684A EP00109684A EP1055489B1 EP 1055489 B1 EP1055489 B1 EP 1055489B1 EP 00109684 A EP00109684 A EP 00109684A EP 00109684 A EP00109684 A EP 00109684A EP 1055489 B1 EP1055489 B1 EP 1055489B1
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- Prior art keywords
- percussion
- signals
- hydraulic
- percussion piston
- unit
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
- E02F3/966—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the operating time and the operating state of a hydraulic impact unit, in particular a hydraulic hammer according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention further relates to a hydraulic impact unit, in particular a hydraulic hammer with a percussion piston according to the preamble of claim 18th
- Such a method or such an aggregate is, for example EP 0 461 565 A known.
- Hydraulic impact mills in particular hydraulic hammers, are used for material comminution (for example crushing rock or concrete).
- This comminution is achieved by the kinetic energy of a percussion piston is introduced by impact on a tool on this and the tool tip in the material to be processed and converted there into destructive work.
- the kinetic energy of a percussion piston is introduced by impact on a tool on this and the tool tip in the material to be processed and converted there into destructive work.
- the kinetic energy is transformed into destructive work; the unconverted energy component is reflected by the tool into the percussion piston.
- the impact energy is completely transformed into destructive work.
- Hydraulic impact units of the type mentioned - known from the document DE 34 43 542 C2 - represent, also with regard to the otherwise harsh operating conditions, highly stressed devices that require from the point of view of economic efficiency and reliability of close observation and appropriate care or maintenance.
- service life of the hydraulic percussion unit ie an indication of the total time span during which the hydraulic percussion unit has been actively used.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide measures and means by which the operating time and the use state of a hydraulic percussion unit - especially recognizable to an operator - determine. In this way, the competent body has the opportunity to decide whether there is already a need for maintenance or whether the relevant impact unit can continue to be used.
- the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
- the invention is based on the recognition that the current total number of strokes executed by the stroke represents a relevant variable for the determination of the active operating time, from which - by comparison with appropriate specifications - a statement about the operational state of the respective impact unit can be derived ,
- the statement about the use state in the simplest case is that it is made clear whether the end of a maintenance-free operating period is reached and thus there is a need for maintenance.
- the inventive method for determining the operating time and the use state of a hydraulic percussion unit is characterized in that signals are generated during the individual, successive operating sections of the percussion unit, the number of which is proportional to the executed by the percussion piston in a direction strokes; that the number of signals is continuously accumulated and stored as a total; and that the respective current total number of signals is made recognizable, at least temporarily, in the form of an indication indicating the condition of use.
- the last mentioned display can be optical and / or acoustic in the context of the invention.
- the mode of production and the type of signals can be arbitrary in the context of the invention, as far as it is ensured that their number allows a statement about the number of strokes executed by the percussion piston in one direction of movement. In question comes in particular the generation of signals by means of a sensor that detects due to the percussion piston movements occurring physical processes (or related state changes).
- the signals are generated as a function of at least one of the physical processes - pressure, displacement, sound level, temperature, flow and vibration - (claim 2).
- the invention can also be further designed so that the determined in the manner mentioned current total number of signals in response to at least one other predictor - for example, the measured ambient temperature - is provided with a correction factor, so that the end of a maintenance interval recognizable making display - When falling below a predetermined outside temperature - triggered at an earlier time.
- the method can also be carried out in such a way that the percussion strokes proportional signals due to a sound measurement (claim 6) or by detecting vibration processes (claim 7) are generated.
- this can be done with the aid of a Schallmeßwertgebers in the form of a microphone, which is optionally followed by a suitable filter.
- the vibrations caused by the movements of the percussion piston can be detected by means of a vibration transmitter; this has a vibrationally held in the manner of a seismic mass and cooperating with a plunger vibration sensor. The latter is excited by relative vibrations with respect to the plunger coil from the percussion outgoing, whereby signals corresponding to the vibrations are generated by inductive means.
- the method can also be designed such that the displacement of a moving due to the percussion piston strokes in a direction of movement component of the percussion unit is detected by means of a Wegmeßwertgebers (claim 8).
- the movements of the percussion piston itself can be converted into corresponding signals that it is enclosed without contact by an induction coil unit.
- the latter is preferably assigned to the percussion piston on the side facing away from the percussion piston top side of the percussion unit.
- the method can also be designed such that the stress of a component of the percussion unit - which changes periodically with the strokes executed by the percussion piston - by means of a force orchrochronsmeßwerts detected (claim 9).
- transducers can be used which are designed as strain gauges or as piezoelectric elements and convert the stress states occurring in them to signals.
- the respective transmitter are mounted on the housing of the percussion unit so that they are deformed with its caused by the Schlagkoben strokes stress.
- suitable signals can also be generated by detecting the temperature or the pressure of the gas cushion by means of a temperature transmitter or a pressure monitor (see claims 10 and 11, respectively). Since the gas cushion is normally arranged on the side facing away from the percussion piston tip side of the percussion unit, the sensors mentioned here (temperature transmitter, pressure switch) are relatively far away from the immediate working area of the percussion unit.
- the method is further developed from the point of view of reliability and economy such that upon reaching a predetermined total signal number at least one maintenance indicator is generated, which makes at least recognizable that the percussion unit requires maintenance (claim 12). This can be done, in particular, by the fact that, if necessary, a - for example red - warning lamp lights up, which indicates the end of a maintenance-free operating period.
- These pre-warnings may consist of first lighting a green warning lamp and, at a later point in time, a yellow warning lamp, before reaching an upper limit of the predetermined signal total, which, so to speak, gradually indicates the current operational state of the striking unit.
- the electrical energy required for the provision - that is, in particular for the extraction, summation and storage - of the signals can be generated by batteries or rechargeable batteries.
- the energy units concerned should be equipped with a charge indicator in order to rule out any incidents.
- the method can also be designed in such a way that the electrical energy for the provision of the signals is generated by means of the fluid, which also drives the percussion piston (claim 16).
- an electric power unit may be provided which has an auxiliary hydraulic motor with a generator driven therefrom and an electric accumulator connected downstream of the latter.
- the electrical energy for the provision of the signals can also be generated by means of a generator which becomes effective on the basis of the movement processes triggered by the percussion piston strokes and to which an electric accumulator is connected downstream (claim 17).
- this automatically operating generator can correspond in particular to the previously mentioned vibration transmitter.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 shown in Fig. 1 has a supply unit 2 with a diesel engine, not shown, and a hydraulic pump driven therefrom (cf., Fig. 3a); this is connected in a conventional manner to a hydraulic hammer 3, which in turn is held adjustably on the boom 4 of the hydraulic excavator with two boom arms 4a, 4b.
- the cantilever arm 4b in turn carries a pivotable terminal bracket 5, to which a support member 6 formed as a support housing or as a support frame - is attached. At this the hydraulic hammer 3 is supported via its housing 3a.
- the hydraulic hammer 3 acts on a tool designed as a chisel 7, wherein the kinetic energy emanating from the hydraulic hammer is converted into impact energy.
- a display element A is arranged, which makes, among other information about the operating life and the use state of the hydraulic hammer 3 recognizable.
- the hydraulic hammer has a sensor S for generating signals which are continuously accumulated in the display element A, stored as a total number and made recognizable.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically in more detail the sequence and the interaction of the processes that eventually lead to a statement about the operating time and the use state of the hydraulic hammer 3.
- the events occurring on the occasion of the operation of the hydraulic hammer 3 are converted into signals by the sensor S, continuously accumulated in a counting and storage element ZS in terms of their total number and stored as a total, the current total number of signals on the on the use state of Hydraulic hammer indicative display A is made recognizable.
- the required for the provision of the signals and the information derived therefrom electrical energy is provided by an electric storage E available. If necessary, the information obtained by means of the counting and storage element ZS can be transmitted wirelessly to an evaluation AW.
- the senor S is arranged and designed such that during the individual, successive operating sections of the hydraulic hammer 3 signals are generated, the number of which is proportional to the executed by the percussion piston of the hydraulic hammer in a direction strokes.
- the sensor thus detects events or states or state changes which are triggered by the percussion piston movements and maps these processes, states or state changes into signal form.
- a statement about the active operating time can be obtained, from which - with regard to predetermined maintenance intervals - information about the operating state of the hydraulic hammer 3 can be derived. This information can be made visible on the display A and optionally wirelessly the evaluation AW out.
- the display A can be constructed such that after reaching a predetermined signal total number at least one maintenance indicator is generated, which makes recognizing the achievement of the end of a maintenance-free period of operation period.
- the display may also be such that it generates, depending on the respective current signal total number of times consecutively several prewarning indications that indicate in stages the approach to the end of a maintenance interval.
- the hydraulic hammer 3 in addition to the still to be described lines and drive and control elements on the aforementioned housing 3a, in which a percussion piston 8 is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction and held.
- This has in the cylinder space of the housing 3a lying on two piston collars 8a and 8b, which are separated by a circumferential groove 8c.
- the outwardly directed piston surface K1 and K2 of the piston collar 8b and 8a delimits with the housing 3a a rear and front cylinder space section 3b and 3c, respectively.
- the piston surface K1 is dimensioned smaller than the piston surface K2.
- the percussion piston 8 merges into a piston tip 8d, which lies opposite the chisel 7.
- the movement of the percussion piston 8 in the direction of the working stroke is indicated by an arrow 8e.
- the illustration in question shows the hydraulic hammer 3 in a state immediately after impact of the percussion piston 8 on the chisel 7.
- the control for the switching of the movement of the percussion piston 8 consists of a movable in a control valve 9 spool 9a, the smaller slide surface F1 is constantly acted upon by a reset line 10 with the working pressure (system pressure); this is generated by an energy source in the form of a hydraulic pump 11 (which in turn - as already mentioned - part of the supply unit 2).
- the smaller piston surface K1 is constantly acted upon by a pressure line 12, which is in communication with the return line 10, with the working pressure.
- the opening 12a of the pressure line is arranged with respect to the housing 3a such that it lies in any case outside the piston collar 8b and thus within the front cylinder chamber portion 3c.
- the larger slide surface F2 of the spool 9a is connected via a reversing line 13 with the cylinder space of the housing 3a in such Connection, that its junction 13a is connected in the illustrated state via the circumferential groove 8c to a depressurized return line 14.
- the junction 13a and the junction 14a of the return line are thus - seen in the longitudinal direction of the percussion piston 8 - in a distance opposite, which is smaller than the axial length of the circumferential groove 8c.
- the control valve 9 is connected on the one hand via a control line 15 to the pressure line 12 and on the other hand via a drain line 16 together with the tank 16 a to the return line 14. Furthermore, the control valve 9 is connected via a change pressure line 17 to the rear cylinder space section 3b in connection, via which the larger piston area K2 can optionally be acted upon by working pressure.
- the control valve 9 can take two valve positions, namely the illustrated (right) scrubhub too in which the larger piston surface K2 via the alternating pressure line 17 and the discharge line 16 is relieved of pressure, and the (left) working stroke position in which the rear cylinder space section 3b via the pressure line 12th , which is acted upon with this related control line 15 and the alternating pressure line 17 with the working pressure.
- This condition has the consequence that the percussion piston 8- performs a working stroke in the direction of the arrow 8e, contrary to the restoring force emanating from the smaller piston surface K1.
- a chamber 18 is arranged, which receives a pressurized gas cushion.
- the percussion piston 8 is supported on its side facing away from the piston tip 8d side.
- the pressure line 12 is preferably equipped with a transmitter in the form of a pressure monitor 19, preferably in the vicinity before it enters the housing 3a (see, for example, FIG.
- a transmitter in the form of a pressure monitor 19, preferably in the vicinity before it enters the housing 3a (see, for example, FIG.
- This detects pressure fluctuations within the pressure line 12 - which are triggered by the percussion piston movements - and converts them into signals whose timing is indicated in Fig. 3b.
- These signals - the number of which is proportional to the strokes carried out by the percussion piston in one direction of movement - can be used in the manner already mentioned to obtain information about the current operating time and the operational state of the hydraulic hammer 3 and to make it recognizable.
- a pressure switch 20 is thereby integrated into the control for the hydraulic hammer 3, that it is associated with the reversing line 13.
- the formation of the signals produced by the pressure monitor 20, as indicated in FIG. 4 b, results in dependence on the position of the piston collar 8 b with respect to the junction 13 a of the reversing line 13.
- the lower pressure level shown in Fig. 4b is applied to the reversing line 13
- This pressure level undergoes a change only after the piston collar 8b has covered the junction 13a and finally via the front cylinder space section 3c a connection between the pressure line 12 and the reversing line 13 has been established.
- the pressure monitor 20 is thus able to generate depending on the percussion strokes to the number of proportional signals that can be summed up and evaluated accordingly.
- the invention can also be configured in such a way that the state of the gas cushion by means of a pressure switch 21 (Fig. 5a) or by means of a Temperaturmeßwertgebers 22 (Fig. 6a) and converted into signals (FIGS. 5b and 6b, respectively).
- the movement of the percussion piston 8 in the direction of the working stroke (arrow 8e) has the consequence that the pressure - and thus the temperature - of the gas cushion decreases.
- the movement of the percussion piston during the return stroke leads to a rise in pressure and temperature.
- the transducers 21 and 22 can therefore also generate signals whose number depends on the percussion piston movements.
- Figures 7a and 7b relate to an embodiment of the invention in which the displacement of a component of the hydraulic hammer 3 moving in a direction of movement due to the percussion piston strokes is detected by means of a position transducer.
- This Wegmeßwertgeber is designed as an inductively operating plunger coil 23 which forms a part of the chamber 18 and there the percussion piston 8-depending on its position within the housing 3a - more or less encloses.
- the relative movements of the percussion piston with respect to the plunger coil 23 triggers time-varying induction processes whose time course is shown in Fig. 7b. According to the invention, these induction processes can be exploited to obtain information about the current service life of the hydraulic hammer 3 and about its operating state.
- the vibration transmitter 24 comprises as essential components a resiliently held oscillating body 24a, which can execute pendulum movements in the manner of a seismic mass between two plunger coils 24b and 24c; These lead to induction processes, the time course of Fig. 8b can be seen.
- the oscillations of the oscillating body 24a relative to the plunger coils 24b and 24c are caused by the vibrations that occur due to the percussion piston strokes.
- the Schwingungsmeßwertgeber 24 is mounted above the hydraulic hammer 3 as a unit on the terminal bracket 5.
- the Schwinungsmeßwertgeber 24 may be mounted within the support member 6 directly on the housing 3a of the hydraulic hammer or on the support member 6 itself.
- 9a, b relate to an embodiment according to the invention, in which the stress on a component of the hydraulic hammer-which changes periodically with the blows carried out by the percussion piston-is detected by means of a voltage transmitter and converted into signals.
- a strain gauge 25 is attached to the housing 3a of the hydraulic hammer 3. This learns in response to the stress of the housing 3a periodically elastic deformations from which can win signals of the type shown. Notwithstanding the illustrated embodiment, the voltage transducer mentioned here may also be constructed from a plurality of interconnected strain gauges. Instead of the at least one DehnmeßstAINs also a Kraftmeßwertgeber can be used, which has at least one piezoelectric element as a sensor. This Kraftmeßwertgeber can be arranged, for example, such that the associated piezo elements above the housing 3a between this and the flange 6a are fixed without play for the attachment of the support member 6.
- Another possibility for generating suitable signals is to detect the different noise level as a function of the percussion piston strokes.
- This noise level in each case has a short-term peak value if the percussion piston together with the bit 7 impinges on the material to be processed.
- the sound level transmitter is designed as a microphone 26, which is arranged below the flange 6a between the support element 6 and the housing 3a of the hydraulic hammer.
- an acceleration transmitter 27 is provided for generating the signals of interest here. This is supported above the flange 6a on the terminal console 5 from; However, in the context of the invention it can also be fastened to another suitable location, in particular to the flange 6a, to the support element 6 itself or to the housing 3a of the hydraulic hammer.
- the Beministerungsmeßwertgebers 27 can be converted by the percussion piston strokes movements into signals with periodically recurring course.
- the unit consisting of hydraulic hammer 3 and support member 6 is associated with a generator which generates the required for the provision of the signals and other information electrical energy.
- This generator corresponds structurally to the Schwingungsmeßwertgeber 24 already described with reference to FIG. 8a.
- the vibrations occurring during operation are converted by means of the generator 28 into electrical energy which is absorbed by an electric accumulator 29 as part of the counting and storage element ZS.
- the signals generated by the Bestructungsmeßwertgeber 27 are summed in the unit ZS and stored as a total signal number.
- the unit ZS is followed by a display A, which makes both the current total number of signals recognizable and may possibly provide further information regarding the operational state of the hydraulic hammer 3.
- This further information consists in the fact that, depending on the respective current signal total, several advance warning displays A1 and A2 are generated one after the other and that after reaching a predetermined signal total a maintenance display A3 appears which indicates the end of a defined maintenance interval ,
- the counting and storage element ZS is further followed by a transmitter / receiver unit 30, with which wirelessly corresponding information can be transmitted to a transmitter / receiver unit 31; this is in turn coupled with an evaluation AW (in particular a computer).
- an evaluation AW in particular a computer.
- the latter not only enables the evaluation of the stored information, but also serves to influence stored information by resetting to a desired reset value. This provision is made possible by the fact that the commands issued by the evaluation AW are also transmitted wirelessly to the unit ZS by interaction of the units 31 and 30.
- the electrical energy for providing the signals and the information derived therefrom - as shown in FIG. 13 - can be generated by means of an auxiliary hydraulic motor 32 having the input side to the pressure line 12 and the output side to the return line 14 (FIG. see Fig. 3a) is connected.
- the auxiliary hydraulic motor 32 drives a generator 33 to which an electric accumulator 34 is connected downstream.
- the arrangement in question thus makes it possible to generate the electrical energy by means of the fluid, which also drives the percussion piston.
- the electric accumulator 34 may be coupled as an independent element, for example with the unit ZS, or - as shown in FIG. 12 - be integrated as part 29 in this.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Betriebsdauer und des Einsatz-Zustandes eines hydraulischen Schlagaggregates, insbesondere Hydraulikhammer nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for determining the operating time and the operating state of a hydraulic impact unit, in particular a hydraulic hammer according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auf ein hydraulisches Schlagaggregat, insbesondere einen Hydraulikhammer mit einem Schlagkolben nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 18.The invention further relates to a hydraulic impact unit, in particular a hydraulic hammer with a percussion piston according to the preamble of claim 18th
Ein solches Verfahren bzw. ein solches Aggregat ist z.B. aus
Hydraulische Schlagwerke, wie insbesondere Hydraulikhämmer, werden zur Materialzerkleinerung (beispielsweise Gesteins- oder Betonzerkleinerung) eingesetzt.Hydraulic impact mills, in particular hydraulic hammers, are used for material comminution (for example crushing rock or concrete).
Diese Zerkleinerung wird dadurch erreicht, dass die kinetische Energie eines Schlagkolbens durch Aufschlag auf ein Werkzeug über dieses und die Werkzeugspitze in das zu bearbeitende Material eingeleitet und dort in Zerstörungsarbeit umgewandelt wird. Je nach der Härte des zu bearbeitenden Materials wird nur ein Teil der kinetischen Energie in Zerstörungsarbeit umgewandelt; der nicht umgewandelte Energieanteil wird über das Werkzeug in den Schlagkolben reflektiert. Im Gegensatz dazu wird bei weicherem Material die Schlagenergie vollständig in Zerstörungsarbeit umgewandelt.This comminution is achieved by the kinetic energy of a percussion piston is introduced by impact on a tool on this and the tool tip in the material to be processed and converted there into destructive work. Depending on the hardness of the material being processed, only part of the kinetic energy is transformed into destructive work; the unconverted energy component is reflected by the tool into the percussion piston. In contrast, with softer material, the impact energy is completely transformed into destructive work.
Hydraulische Schlagaggregate der eingangs erwähnten Gattung - bekannt aus der Druckschrift
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, Maßnahmen und Mittel anzugeben, mit denen sich die Betriebsdauer und der Einsatz-Zustand eines hydraulischen Schlagaggregats - insbesondere auch für eine Bedienungsperson erkennbar - feststellen lassen.
Auf diese Weise hat die zuständige Stelle die Möglichkeit zu entscheiden, ob bereits Wartungsbedarf besteht oder ob das betreffende Schlagaggregat weiterhin eingesetzt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide measures and means by which the operating time and the use state of a hydraulic percussion unit - especially recognizable to an operator - determine.
In this way, the competent body has the opportunity to decide whether there is already a need for maintenance or whether the relevant impact unit can continue to be used.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gelöst, welches die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweist.
Die Erfindung baut dabei auf der Erkenntnis auf, daß die aktuelle Gesamtzahl der vom Schlagaggregat ausgeführten Schläge eine relevante Größe für die Ermittlung der aktiven Betriebsdauer darstellt, woraus - durch Vergleich mit entsprechenden Vorgaben - eine Aussage über den Einsatz-Zustand des betreffenden Schlagaggregats abgeleitet werden kann.
Die Aussage über den Einsatz-Zustand besteht im einfachsten Fall darin, daß erkennbar gemacht wird, ob das Ende eines wartungsfreien Betriebszeitraums erreicht ist und somit Wartungsbedarf besteht.The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
The invention is based on the recognition that the current total number of strokes executed by the stroke represents a relevant variable for the determination of the active operating time, from which - by comparison with appropriate specifications - a statement about the operational state of the respective impact unit can be derived ,
The statement about the use state in the simplest case is that it is made clear whether the end of a maintenance-free operating period is reached and thus there is a need for maintenance.
Im einzelnen ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Betriebsdauer und des Einsatz-Zustands eines hydraulischen Schlagaggregats dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während der einzelnen, zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden Betriebsabschnitte des Schlagaggregats Signale erzeugt werden, deren Anzahl zu den vom Schlagkolben in einer Bewegungsrichtung ausgeführten Hüben proportional ist; daß die Anzahl der Signale fortlaufend aufsummiert und als Gesamtzahl gespeichert wird; und daß die jeweils aktuelle Gesamtzahl der Signale zumindest zeitweilig in Form einer auf den Einsatz-Zustand hinweisenden Anzeige erkennbar gemacht wird.
Die zuletzt angesprochene Anzeige kann im Rahmen der Erfindung optischer und/oder akustischer Natur sein.
Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, durch Erzeugung eines fortdauernden akustischen Warnsignals darauf hinzuweisen, daß mit Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Signal-Gesamtzahl ein Einsatz-Zustand mit Wartungsbedarf erreicht ist.
Da die Signal-Gesamtzahl - unabhängig von einer etwaigen Anzeige betreffend den Einsatz-Zustand - fortlaufend aufsummiert und gespeichert wird, läßt sich auch feststellen, in welchem Umfang ein vorgegebenes Wartungsintervall durch Weiterbetreiben des hydraulischen Schlagaggregats überschritten worden ist.Specifically, the inventive method for determining the operating time and the use state of a hydraulic percussion unit is characterized in that signals are generated during the individual, successive operating sections of the percussion unit, the number of which is proportional to the executed by the percussion piston in a direction strokes; that the number of signals is continuously accumulated and stored as a total; and that the respective current total number of signals is made recognizable, at least temporarily, in the form of an indication indicating the condition of use.
The last mentioned display can be optical and / or acoustic in the context of the invention.
In particular, it is also possible to indicate by generating a continuous audible warning signal that when a predetermined signal total number has been reached, an operational condition requiring maintenance is reached.
Since the signal total - regardless of any indication of the use state - is continuously accumulated and stored, it can also be determined to what extent a predetermined maintenance interval has been exceeded by Weitererbetreiben the hydraulic impact unit.
Die Erzeugungsweise und die Art der Signale können im Rahmen der Erfindung an sich beliebig sein, soweit sichergestellt ist, daß ihre Anzahl eine Aussage über die Anzahl der vom Schlagkolben in einer Bewegungsrichtung ausgeführten Hübe zuläßt.
In Frage kommt insbesondere die Erzeugung von Signalen mittels eines Sensors, der aufgrund der Schlagkolben-Bewegungen auftretende physikalische Vorgänge (oder auch damit verbundene Zustandsänderungen) erfaßt.The mode of production and the type of signals can be arbitrary in the context of the invention, as far as it is ensured that their number allows a statement about the number of strokes executed by the percussion piston in one direction of movement.
In question comes in particular the generation of signals by means of a sensor that detects due to the percussion piston movements occurring physical processes (or related state changes).
Vorzugsweise werden die Signale in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einem der physikalischen Vorgänge - Druck, Weg, Schallpegel, Temperatur, Durchfluß und Schwingung - erzeugt (Anspruch 2).
Die Erfindung kann jedoch auch dahingehend weiter ausgestaltet sein, daß die in der erwähnten Weise ermittelte aktuelle Gesamtzahl der Signale in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einer weiteren Einflußgröße - beispielsweise der gemessenen Außentemperatur - mit einem Korrekturfaktor versehen wird, so daß die das Ende eines Wartungsintervalls erkennbar machende Anzeige - bei Unterschreiten einer vorgegebenen Außentemperatur - zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt ausgelöst wird.Preferably, the signals are generated as a function of at least one of the physical processes - pressure, displacement, sound level, temperature, flow and vibration - (claim 2).
However, the invention can also be further designed so that the determined in the manner mentioned current total number of signals in response to at least one other predictor - for example, the measured ambient temperature - is provided with a correction factor, so that the end of a maintenance interval recognizable making display - When falling below a predetermined outside temperature - triggered at an earlier time.
Bei einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden in einer der Versorgungsleitungen für das Schlagaggregat - nämlich der Druckleitung für das in das Schlagaggregat eintretende Fluid und Rücklaufleitung für die Rückführung des austretenden Fluids - auftretende Druckschwankungen oder Strömungsvorgänge erfaßt (Anspruch 3).
Dabei können Druckschwankungen oder Änderungen der Durchflußmenge - die periodisch in Abhängigkeit von den Schlagkolben-Hüben auftreten - mittels eines Druckwächters bzw. mittels eines Durchflußmeßwertgebers in Signale umgewandelt werden (Anspruch 4 bzw. 5).
Die zuvor angesprochenen Ausführungsformen (nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5) weisen auch den Vorteil auf, daß sie - unabhängig von der sonstigen konstruktiven Ausgestaltung des hydraulischen Schlagaggregats - ohne besonderen Aufwand nachträglich eingerichtet werden können.In a particularly simple embodiment of the method according to the invention occurring pressure fluctuations or flow processes are detected in one of the supply lines for the percussion unit - namely the pressure line for the entering into the percussion fluid and return line for the return of the exiting fluid (claim 3).
In this case, pressure fluctuations or changes in the flow rate - which occur periodically in response to the percussion piston strokes - by means of a pressure switch or by means of a Durchflußmeßwertgebers be converted into signals (claim 4 or 5).
The previously mentioned embodiments (according to
Das Verfahren läßt sich jedoch auch in der Weise ausführen, daß die den Schlagkolben-Hüben proportionalen Signale aufgrund einer Schallmessung (Anspruch 6) oder durch Erfassung von Schwingungsvorgängen (Anspruch 7) erzeugt werden.
Im erstgenannten Fall kann dies mit Hilfe eines Schallmeßwertgebers in Form eines Mikrophons geschehen, dem gegebenenfalls ein geeigneter Filter nachgeschaltet ist. Im zweitgenannten Fall können die durch die Bewegungen des Schlagkolbens ausgelösten Schwingungsvorgänge mittels eines Schwingungsmeßwertgebers erfaßt werden; dieser weist einen nach Art einer seismischen Masse schwingungsfähig gehaltenen und mit einer Tauchspule zusammenwirkenden Schwingungsfühler auf. Letzterer wird durch vom Schlagaggregat ausgehende Erschütterungen zu Relativbewegungen bezüglich der Tauchspule angeregt, wodurch auf induktivem Wege den Schwingungen entsprechende Signale erzeugt werden.However, the method can also be carried out in such a way that the percussion strokes proportional signals due to a sound measurement (claim 6) or by detecting vibration processes (claim 7) are generated.
In the former case, this can be done with the aid of a Schallmeßwertgebers in the form of a microphone, which is optionally followed by a suitable filter. In the second case, the vibrations caused by the movements of the percussion piston can be detected by means of a vibration transmitter; this has a vibrationally held in the manner of a seismic mass and cooperating with a plunger vibration sensor. The latter is excited by relative vibrations with respect to the plunger coil from the percussion outgoing, whereby signals corresponding to the vibrations are generated by inductive means.
Alternativ kann das Verfahren auch derart ausgestaltet sein, daß die Verschiebung eines sich aufgrund der Schlagkolben-Hübe in einer Bewegungsrichtung bewegenden Bestandteils des Schlagaggregats mittels eines Wegmeßwertgebers erfaßt wird (Anspruch 8).
Im einfachsten Fall können die Bewegungsvorgänge des Schlagkolbens selbst dadurch in entsprechende Signale umgewandelt werden, daß dieser berührungsfrei von einer Induktionsspuleneinheit umschlossen ist. Letztere ist vorzugsweise auf der von der Schlagkolbenspitze abgewandten Seite des Schlagaggregats dem Schlagkolben zugeordnet.Alternatively, the method can also be designed such that the displacement of a moving due to the percussion piston strokes in a direction of movement component of the percussion unit is detected by means of a Wegmeßwertgebers (claim 8).
In the simplest case, the movements of the percussion piston itself can be converted into corresponding signals that it is enclosed without contact by an induction coil unit. The latter is preferably assigned to the percussion piston on the side facing away from the percussion piston top side of the percussion unit.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann das Verfahren auch derart ausgestaltet sein, daß die Beanspruchung eines Bestandteils des Schlagaggregats - die sich mit den vom Schlagkolben ausgeführten Schlägen periodisch ändert - mittels eines Kraft - oder Spannungsmeßwertgebers erfaßt wird (Anspruch 9). Zu diesem Zweck können Meßwertgeber Verwendung finden, die als Dehnmeßstreifen oder als Piezoelemente ausgebildet sind und die an ihnen auftretenden Beanspruchungszustände in Signale umwandeln.
Im einfachsten Fall sind die betreffenden Meßwertgeber derart am Gehäuse des Schlagaggregats angebracht, daß sie mit dessen durch die Schlagkoben-Hübe hervorgerufene Beanspruchung verformt werden.In the context of the invention, the method can also be designed such that the stress of a component of the percussion unit - which changes periodically with the strokes executed by the percussion piston - by means of a force or Spannungsmeßwerts detected (claim 9). For this purpose, transducers can be used which are designed as strain gauges or as piezoelectric elements and convert the stress states occurring in them to signals.
In the simplest case, the respective transmitter are mounted on the housing of the percussion unit so that they are deformed with its caused by the Schlagkoben strokes stress.
Falls das hydraulische Schlagaggregat mit einem den Schlagkolben abstützenden Gaspolster ausgestattet ist, lassen sich geeignete Signale auch dadurch erzeugen, daß die Temperatur oder der Druck des Gaspolsters mittels eines Temperaturmeßwertgebers bzw. eines Druckwächters erfaßt wird (vgl. dazu Anspruch 10 bzw. 11).
Da das Gaspolster normalerweise auf der von der Schlagkolbenspitze abgewandten Seite des Schlagaggregats angeordnet ist, liegen die hier angesprochenen Meßwertgeber (Temperaturmeßwertgeber, Druckwächter) relativ weit vom unmittelbaren Arbeitsbereich des Schlagaggregats entfernt.
Vorzugsweise ist das Verfahren unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Betriebssicherheit und Wirtschaftlichkeit derart weitergehend ausgestaltet, daß bei Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Signal-Gesamtzahl zumindest eine Wartungs-Anzeige generiert wird, die zumindest erkennbar macht, daß das Schlagaggregat der Wartung bedarf (Anspruch 12). Dies kann insbesondere dadurch geschehen, daß gegebenenfalls eine - beispielsweise rote - Warnlampe aufleuchtet, welche das Ende eines wartungsfreien Betriebszeitraums andeutet.If the hydraulic percussion unit is equipped with a gas piston supporting the percussion piston, suitable signals can also be generated by detecting the temperature or the pressure of the gas cushion by means of a temperature transmitter or a pressure monitor (see
Since the gas cushion is normally arranged on the side facing away from the percussion piston tip side of the percussion unit, the sensors mentioned here (temperature transmitter, pressure switch) are relatively far away from the immediate working area of the percussion unit.
Preferably, the method is further developed from the point of view of reliability and economy such that upon reaching a predetermined total signal number at least one maintenance indicator is generated, which makes at least recognizable that the percussion unit requires maintenance (claim 12). This can be done, in particular, by the fact that, if necessary, a - for example red - warning lamp lights up, which indicates the end of a maintenance-free operating period.
In Abhängigkeit von der jeweils aktuellen Signal-Gesamtzahl können zeitlich nacheinander jedoch auch mehrere Vorwarn-Anzeigen generiert werden, die erkennbar machen, daß Teilabschnitte des durch eine vorgegebene Obergrenze der Signal-Gesamtzahl definierten Wartungsintervalls erreicht worden sind (Anspruch 13).Depending on the current total number of signals, however, a plurality of pre-warnings can be generated in chronological succession, which make it recognizable that partial sections of the maintenance interval defined by a predetermined upper limit of the overall signal number have been reached (claim 13).
Diese Vorwarn-Anzeigen können darin bestehen, vor Erreichen einer Obergrenze der vorgegebenen Signal-Gesamtzahl zunächst eine grüne Warnlampe und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt eine gelbe Warnlampe aufleuchtet, die sozusagen stufenweise den aktuellen Einsatz-Zustand des Schlagaggregats erkennen lassen.These pre-warnings may consist of first lighting a green warning lamp and, at a later point in time, a yellow warning lamp, before reaching an upper limit of the predetermined signal total, which, so to speak, gradually indicates the current operational state of the striking unit.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen 14 und 15.
Diese Ausführungsformen gestatten es unter anderem, die hier wesentlichen Informationen an einer Stelle verfügbar zu machen, die vom Schlagaggregat räumlich getrennt liegt.Further advantageous embodiments of the method emerge from the
Among other things, these embodiments make it possible to make the information essential here available at a location which is spatially separated from the percussion unit.
Die für die Bereitstellung - d.h. insbesondere für die Gewinnung, Aufsummierung und Speicherung - der Signale benötigte elektrische Energie kann durch Batterien oder Akkus erzeugt werden. Die betreffenden Energieeinheiten sollten dabei mit einer Ladungsanzeige ausgestattet sein, um Störungsfälle auszuschließen.
Das Verfahren kann jedoch auch in der Weise ausgestaltet sein, daß die elektrische Energie für die Bereitstellung der Signale mittels des Fluids erzeugt wird, welches auch den Schlagkolben antreibt (Anspruch 16). Zu diesem Zweck kann insbesondere eine Elektro-Energieeinheit vorgesehen sein, die einen Hilfs-Hydraulikmotor mit davon angetriebenem Generator und einen diesem nachgeschalteten Elektrospeicher aufweist.The electrical energy required for the provision - that is, in particular for the extraction, summation and storage - of the signals can be generated by batteries or rechargeable batteries. The energy units concerned should be equipped with a charge indicator in order to rule out any incidents.
However, the method can also be designed in such a way that the electrical energy for the provision of the signals is generated by means of the fluid, which also drives the percussion piston (claim 16). For this purpose, in particular, an electric power unit may be provided which has an auxiliary hydraulic motor with a generator driven therefrom and an electric accumulator connected downstream of the latter.
Alternativ kann die elektrische Energie für die Bereitstellung der Signale auch mittels eines Generators erzeugt werden, der aufgrund der von den Schlagkolben-Hüben ausgelösten Bewegungsvorgänge wirksam wird und dem ein Elektrospeicher nachgeschaltet ist (Anspruch 17). Dieser selbsttätig arbeitende Generator kann hinsichtlich seines grundsätzlichen Aufbaus insbesondere dem bereits erwähnten Schwingungsmesswertgeber entsprechen.Alternatively, the electrical energy for the provision of the signals can also be generated by means of a generator which becomes effective on the basis of the movement processes triggered by the percussion piston strokes and to which an electric accumulator is connected downstream (claim 17). With regard to its basic construction, this automatically operating generator can correspond in particular to the previously mentioned vibration transmitter.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird ferner durch einen Hydraulikhammer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 18 gelöst.The stated object is further achieved by a hydraulic hammer with the features of
Dieser kann - gemäß Anspruch 19 - mit einem Sensor ausgestattet sein, der aufgrund der Schlagkolben-Bewegungen auftretende physikalische Vorgänge in Signale umwandelt.This can - be equipped according to claim 19 - with a sensor that converts physical processes occurring due to the percussion piston movements into signals.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des hydraulischen Schlagaggregates, insbesondere Hydraulikhammers, sind in den Ansprüchen 20 bis 29 angesprochen.Further advantageous embodiments of the hydraulic impact unit, in particular hydraulic hammer, are addressed in
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele im Einzelnen erläutert.The invention will be explained in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematisiert ein als Hydraulikbagger ausgebildetes Trägergerät, an dem ein hydraulisches Schlagaggregat in Gestalt eines Hydraulikhammers anstellbar angebracht ist,
- Fig. 2
- schematisiert den grundsätzlichen funktionalen Aufbau des Erfindungsgegenstandes,
- Fig. 3a,b
- ein Schaltschema des Schaltaggregats mit einem der Druckleitung zugeordneten Druckwächter bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Druckwächter erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 4a,b
- ein Teilschema entsprechend Fig. 3a mit einem der Umsteuerleitung zugeordneten Druckwächter bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Druckwächter erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 5a,b
- ein Teilschema entsprechend Fig. 3a mit einem einem Gaspolster zugeordneten Druckwächter bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Druckwächter erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 6a,b
- ein Teilschema entsprechend Fig. 3a mit einem einem Gaspolster zugeordneten Temperaturmeßwertgeber bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Temperaturmeßwertgeber erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 7a,b
- ein Teilschema entsprechend Fig. 3a mit einem mit dem Schlagkolben zusammenwirkenden Wegmeßwertgeber bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Wegmeßwertgeber erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 8a,b
- schematisiert die Darstellung eines Hydraulikhammers mit einem Schwingungsmeßwertgeber bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Schwingungsmeßwertgeber erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 9a,b
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Hydraulikhammers mit einem Dehnmeßstreifen bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die vom Dehnmeßstreifen erzeugte Signalfolge,
- Fig. 10a,b
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Hydraulikhammers mit einem Schallpegel-Meßwertgeber in Form eines Mikrophons bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die zugehörige Signalfolge,
- Fig. 11a,b
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Hydraulikhammers mit einem Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber bzw. als Zeitdiagramm die zugehörige Signalfolge,
- Fig. 12
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Hydraulikhammers nebst Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber und einem Generator zur Erzeugung der elektrischen Energie sowie weiteren Einrichtungen,
- Fig. 13
- schematisiert den Aufbau einer elektrischen Energieversorgung unter Verwendung eines Hilfs-Hydraulikmotors.
- Fig. 1
- schematizes a trained as a hydraulic excavator carrier device to which a hydraulic impact unit in the form of a hydraulic hammer is mounted adjustable,
- Fig. 2
- schematizes the basic functional structure of the subject invention,
- Fig. 3a, b
- a circuit diagram of the switching unit with a pressure line associated pressure switch or as a time chart, the signal generated by the pressure monitor signal sequence,
- Fig. 4a, b
- a subschema corresponding to FIG. 3a with a pressure switch assigned to the reversing line, or as a time diagram the signal sequence generated by the pressure monitor, FIG.
- Fig. 5a, b
- a subschema according to FIG. 3 a with a pressure monitor assigned to a gas cushion or as a time diagram the signal sequence generated by the pressure monitor, FIG.
- Fig. 6a, b
- a subschema according to FIG. 3a with a temperature sensor assigned to a gas cushion or as a time diagram the signal sequence generated by the temperature transmitter, FIG.
- Fig. 7a, b
- a sub-scheme corresponding to Fig. 3a with a co-operating with the percussion Wegmeßwertgeber or as a time chart, the signal generated by the Wegmeßwertgeber signal sequence,
- Fig. 8a, b
- schematizes the representation of a hydraulic hammer with a Schwingungsmeßwertgeber or as a timing diagram generated by the Schwingungsmeßwertgeber signal sequence,
- Fig. 9a, b
- a schematic representation of a hydraulic hammer with a strain gauge or as a time chart, the signal generated by the strain gauge signal sequence,
- Fig. 10a, b
- a schematic representation of a hydraulic hammer with a sound level transmitter in the form of a microphone or as a time chart, the associated signal sequence,
- Fig. 11a, b
- a schematic representation of a hydraulic hammer with a Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber or as a time chart, the associated signal sequence,
- Fig. 12
- a schematic representation of a hydraulic hammer together with Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber and a generator for generating electrical energy and other facilities,
- Fig. 13
- schematizes the structure of an electrical power supply using an auxiliary hydraulic motor.
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Hydraulikbagger 1 weist eine Versorgungseinheit 2 mit einem nicht dargestellten Dieselmotor und einer davon angetriebenen Hydraulikpumpe (vgl. dazu Fig. 3a) auf; diese ist in an sich bekannter Weise an einen Hydraulikhammer 3 angeschlossen, der seinerseits anstellbar an dem Ausleger 4 des Hydraulikbaggers mit zwei Auslegerarmen 4a, 4b gehalten ist.
Der Auslegerarm 4b trägt seinerseits eine schwenkbare Anschlußkonsole 5, an der ein Tragelement 6- ausgebildet als Traggehäuse oder als Tragrahmen - befestigt ist. An diesem stützt sich der Hydraulikhammer 3 über sein Gehäuse 3a ab.The hydraulic excavator 1 shown in Fig. 1 has a
The cantilever arm 4b in turn carries a pivotable
Unter der Einwirkung des von der Versorgungseinheit 2 gelieferten Fluids wirkt der Hydraulikhammer 3 auf ein als Meißel 7 ausgebildetes Werkzeug ein, wobei die vom Hydraulikhammer ausgehende Bewegungsenergie in Schlagenergie umgesetzt wird.Under the action of the fluid supplied by the
Oberhalb des Tragelements 6 ist ein Anzeigeelement A angeordnet, welches unter anderem Informationen über die Betriebsdauer und den Einsatz-Zustand des Hydraulkhammers 3 erkennbar macht.
Der Hydraulikhammer weist einen Sensor S zur Erzeugung von Signalen auf, die in dem Anzeigeelement A fortlaufend aufsummiert, als Gesamtzahl gespeichert und erkennbar gemacht werden.Above the
The hydraulic hammer has a sensor S for generating signals which are continuously accumulated in the display element A, stored as a total number and made recognizable.
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisiert in weiteren Einzelheiten den Ablauf und das Zusammenwirken der Vorgänge, die schließlich zu einer Aussage über die Betriebsdauer und den Einsatz-Zustand des Hydraulikhammers 3 führen.
Danach werden die anläßlich des Betriebs des Hydraulikhammers 3 auftretenden Vorgänge vom Sensor S in Signale umgewandelt, in einem Zähl- und Speicherelement ZS hinsichtlich ihrer Gesamtzahl fortlaufend aufsummiert sowie als Gesamtzahl gespeichert, wobei die jeweils aktuelle Gesamtzahl der Signale über die auf den Einsatz-Zustand des Hydraulikhammers hinweisende Anzeige A erkennbar gemacht wird.
Die für die Bereitstellung der Signale und der daraus abgeleiteten Informationen erforderliche elektrische Energie wird durch einen Elektrospeicher E zur Verfügung gestellt.
Erforderlichenfalls können die mittels des Zähl- und Speicherelements ZS gewonnenen Informationen drahtlos an eine Auswertung AW übermittelt werden.Fig. 2 shows schematically in more detail the sequence and the interaction of the processes that eventually lead to a statement about the operating time and the use state of the
Thereafter, the events occurring on the occasion of the operation of the
The required for the provision of the signals and the information derived therefrom electrical energy is provided by an electric storage E available.
If necessary, the information obtained by means of the counting and storage element ZS can be transmitted wirelessly to an evaluation AW.
Grundsätzlich ist der Sensor S derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, daß während der einzelnen, zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden Betriebsabschnitte des Hydraulikhammers 3 Signale erzeugt werden, deren Anzahl zu den vom Schlagkolben des Hydraulikhammers in einer Bewegungsrichtung ausgeführten Hüben proportional ist. Der Sensor erfaßt also Vorgänge oder Zustände bzw. Zustandsänderungen, welche durch die Schlagkolben-Bewegungen ausgelöst werden, und bildet diese Vorgänge, Zustände oder Zustandsänderungen in Signalform ab. Durch Aufsummieren der einzelnen, zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden Signale läßt sich eine Aussage über die aktive Betriebsdauer gewinnen, aus welcher - im Hinblick auf vorgegebene Wartungsintervalle - Informationen über den Einsatzzustand des Hydraulikhammers 3 abgeleitet werden können. Diese Informationen lassen sich über die Anzeige A erkennbar machen und gegebenenfalls drahtlos der Auswertung AW zuführen.
Die Anzeige A kann dabei derart aufgebaut sein, daß nach Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Signal-Gesamtzahl zumindest eine Wartungs-Anzeige generiert wird, welche das Erreichen des Endes eines wartungsfreien Betriebsdauerzeitraums erkennbar macht.
Darüber hinaus kann die Anzeige auch derart beschaffen sein, daß sie in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils aktuellen Signal-Gesamtzahl zeitlich nacheinander mehrere Vorwarn-Anzeigen generiert, die stufenweise die Annäherung an das Ende eines Wartungsintervalls andeuten.Basically, the sensor S is arranged and designed such that during the individual, successive operating sections of the
The display A can be constructed such that after reaching a predetermined signal total number at least one maintenance indicator is generated, which makes recognizing the achievement of the end of a maintenance-free period of operation period.
In addition, the display may also be such that it generates, depending on the respective current signal total number of times consecutively several prewarning indications that indicate in stages the approach to the end of a maintenance interval.
Ausweislich der Darstellung in Fig. 3a weist der Hydraulikhammer 3 neben den noch zu beschreibenden Leitungen sowie Antriebs- und Steuerungselementen das bereits erwähnte Gehäuse 3a auf, in dem ein Schlagkolben 8 in Längsrichtung hin- und herbeweglich gehalten ist. Dieser weist im Zylinderraum des Gehäuses 3a liegend zwei Kolbenbunde 8a und 8b auf, welche durch eine Umfangsnut 8c voneinander getrennt sind.As shown in Fig. 3a, the
Die nach außen gerichtete Kolbenfläche K1 und K2 des Kolbenbundes 8b bzw. 8a begrenzt mit dem Gehäuse 3a einen hinteren und vorderen Zylinderraumabschnitt 3b bzw. 3c. Die Kolbenfläche K1 ist dabei kleiner bemessen als die Kolbenfläche K2.The outwardly directed piston surface K1 and K2 of the
Außerhalb des Gehäuses 3a geht der Schlagkolben 8 in eine Kolbenspitze 8d über, welcher der Meißel 7 gegenüberliegt. Die Bewegung des Schlagkolbens 8 in Richtung des Arbeitshubs ist durch einen Pfeil 8e angedeutet.Outside the
Die in Rede stehende Darstellung zeigt den Hydraulikhammer 3 in einem Zustand unmittelbar nach Auftreffen des Schlagkolbens 8 auf den Meißel 7.The illustration in question shows the
Die Steuerung für die Umschaltung der Bewegung des Schlagkolbens 8 besteht aus einem in einem Steuerventil 9 beweglichen Steuerschieber 9a, dessen kleinere Schieberfläche F1 über eine Rückstelleitung 10 ständig mit dem Arbeitsdruck (Systemdruck) beaufschlagt ist; dieser wird von einer Energiequelle in Form einer Hydraulikpumpe 11 erzeugt (die ihrerseits - wie bereits erwähnt - Bestandteil der Versorgungseinheit 2 ist).
Die kleinere Kolbenfläche K1 ist über eine Druckleitung 12, welche mit der Rückstelleitung 10 in Verbindung steht, ständig mit dem Arbeitsdruck beaufschlagt. Die Einmündung 12a der Druckleitung ist bezüglich des Gehäuses 3a derart angeordnet, daß sie in jedem Fall außerhalb des Kolbenbundes 8b und somit innerhalb des vorderen Zylinderraumabschnitts 3c liegt.The control for the switching of the movement of the
The smaller piston surface K1 is constantly acted upon by a
Die größere Schieberfläche F2 des Steuerschiebers 9a steht über eine Umsteuerleitung 13 mit dem Zylinderraum des Gehäuses 3a derart in Verbindung, daß ihre Einmündung 13a in dem dargestellten Zustand über die Umfangsnut 8c an eine drucklos gehaltene Rücklaufleitung 14 angeschlossen ist. Die Einmündung 13a und die Einmündung 14a der Rücklaufleitung liegen sich also - in Längsrichtung des Schlagkolbens 8 gesehen - in einem Abstand gegenüber, der kleiner ist als die axiale Länge der Umfangsnut 8c.The larger slide surface F2 of the
Das Steuerventil 9 ist einerseits über eine Steuerleitung 15 an die Druckleitung 12 und andererseits über eine Abflußleitung 16 nebst Tank 16a an die Rücklaufleitung 14 angeschlossen. Weiterhin steht das Steuerventil 9 über eine Wechseldruckleitung 17 mit dem hinteren Zylinderraumabschnitt 3b in Verbindung, über welchen die größere Kolbenfläche K2 gegebenenfalls mit Arbeitsdruck beaufschlagt werden kann.The control valve 9 is connected on the one hand via a
Das Steuerventil 9 kann zwei Ventilstellungen einnehmen, nämlich die dargestellte (rechte) Rückhubstellung, in welcher die größere Kolbenfläche K2 über die Wechseldruckleitung 17 und die Abflußleitung 16 druckentlastet ist, und die (linke) Arbeitshubstellung, in welcher der hintere Zylinderraumabschnitt 3b über die Druckleitung 12, die mit dieser in Verbindung stehende Steuerleitung 15 und die Wechseldruckleitung 17 mit dem Arbeitsdruck beaufschlagt ist. Dieser Zustand hat zur Folge, daß der Schlagkolben 8- entgegen der von der kleineren Kolbenfläche K1 ausgehenden Rückstellkraft - einen Arbeitshub in Richtung des Pfeiles 8e ausführt.The control valve 9 can take two valve positions, namely the illustrated (right) Rückhubstellung in which the larger piston surface K2 via the alternating
Oberhalb des hinteren Zylinderraumabschnitts 3b ist eine Kammer 18 angeordnet, die ein unter Druck stehendes Gaspolster aufnimmt. An diesem stützt sich der Schlagkolben 8 auf seiner von der Kolbenspitze 8d abgewandten Seite ab.Above the rear cylinder space section 3b, a
Zur Erzeugung der bereits angesprochenen Signale ist die Druckleitung 12 - vorzugsweise in der Nähe vor ihrem Eintritt in das Gehäuse 3a (vgl. dazu beispielsweise Fig. 1) mit einem Meßwertgeber in Form eines Druckwächters 19 ausgestattet. Dieser erfaßt Druckschwankungen innerhalb der Druckleitung 12 - welche durch die Schlagkolben-Bewegungen ausgelöst werden - und wandelt sie in Signale um, deren zeitlicher Verlauf in Fig. 3b angedeutet ist.
Diese Signale - deren Anzahl zu den vom Schlagkolben in einer Bewegungsrichtung ausgeführten Hüben proportional ist - können in der bereits erwähnten Weise dazu benutzt werden, Informationen über die aktuelle Betriebsdauer und den Einsatz-Zustand des Hydraulikhammers 3 zu erhalten sowie erkennbar zu machen.In order to generate the signals already mentioned, the
These signals - the number of which is proportional to the strokes carried out by the percussion piston in one direction of movement - can be used in the manner already mentioned to obtain information about the current operating time and the operational state of the
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 4a ist ein Druckwächter 20 dadurch in die Steuerung für den Hydraulikhammer 3 integriert, daß er der Umsteuerleitung 13 zugeordnet ist.
Die in Fig. 4b angedeutete Ausbildung der vom Druckwächter 20 erzeugten Signale ergibt sich in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Kolbenbundes 8b bezüglich der Einmündung 13a der Umsteuerleitung 13.
Solange die Einmündung 13a - wie dargestellt - über die Umfangsnut 8c an die Rücklaufleitung 14 angeschlossen ist, liegt an der Umsteuerleitung 13 das in Fig. 4b dargestellte untere Druckniveau an. Dieses Druckniveau erfährt erst eine Änderung, nachdem der Kolbenbund 8b die Einmündung 13a überdeckt hat und schließlich über den vorderen Zylinderraumabschnitt 3c eine Verbindung zwischen der Druckleitung 12 und der Umsteuerleitung 13 hergestellt worden ist.
Der Druckwächter 20 ist somit in der Lage, in Abhängigkeit von den Schlagkolben-Hüben zu deren Anzahl proportionale Signale zu erzeugen, die entsprechend aufsummiert und ausgewertet werden können.In the embodiment of FIG. 4a, a
The formation of the signals produced by the pressure monitor 20, as indicated in FIG. 4 b, results in dependence on the position of the
As long as the junction 13a - as shown - is connected via the circumferential groove 8c to the
The pressure monitor 20 is thus able to generate depending on the percussion strokes to the number of proportional signals that can be summed up and evaluated accordingly.
Falls der Hydraulikhammer 3 die bereits erwähnte Kammer 18 mit einem den Schlagkolben 8 abstützenden Gaspolster aufweist, kann die Erfindung auch in der Weise ausgestaltet sein, daß der Zustand des Gaspolsters mittels eines Druckwächters 21 (Fig. 5a) oder mittels eines Temperaturmeßwertgebers 22 (Fig. 6a) erfaßt und in Signale (Fig. 5b bzw. 6b) umgewandelt wird.
Die Bewegung des Schlagkolbens 8 in Richtung des Arbeitshubes (Pfeil 8e) hat zur Folge, daß der Druck - und damit auch die Temperatur - des Gaspolsters absinkt.
Im Gegensatz dazu führt die Bewegung des Schlagkolbens während des Rückhubs zu einem Druck- und Temperaturanstieg.
Mittels der Meßwertgeber 21 und 22 lassen sich dementsprechend ebenfalls Signale erzeugen, deren Anzahl von den Schlagkolbenbewegungen abhängig ist.If the
The movement of the
In contrast, the movement of the percussion piston during the return stroke leads to a rise in pressure and temperature.
By means of the
Die Fig. 7a und 7b beziehen sich auf eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher die Verschiebung eines sich aufgrund der Schlagkolben-Hübe in einer Bewegungsrichtung bewegenden Bestandteils des Hydraulikhammers 3 mittels eines Wegmeßwertgebers erfaßt wird. Dieser Wegmeßwertgeber ist als induktiv arbeitende Tauchspule 23 ausgebildet, welche einen Bestandteil der Kammer 18 bildet und dort den Schlagkolben 8-abhängig von dessen Stellung innerhalb des Gehäuses 3a - mehr oder weniger umschließt.
Die Relativbewegungen des Schlagkolbens bezüglich der Tauchspule 23 lösen sich zeitlich ändernde Induktionsvorgänge aus, deren zeitlicher Verlauf in Fig. 7b dargestellt ist.
Diese Induktionsvorgänge können erfindungsgemäß dazu ausgenutzt werden, Informationen über die aktuelle Betriebsdauer des Hydraulikhammers 3 und über dessen Einsatz-Zustand zu gewinnen.Figures 7a and 7b relate to an embodiment of the invention in which the displacement of a component of the
The relative movements of the percussion piston with respect to the plunger coil 23 triggers time-varying induction processes whose time course is shown in Fig. 7b.
According to the invention, these induction processes can be exploited to obtain information about the current service life of the
Die Erfindung kann auch in der Weise ausgestaltet sein, daß durch die Schlagkolben-Hübe hervorgerufene Bewegungen mittels eines Schwingungsmeßwertgebers erfaßt und in entsprechende Signale umgewandelt werden.
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 8a, b weist der Schwingungsmeßwertgeber 24 als wesentliche Bestandteile einen federnd gehaltenen Schwingkörper 24a auf, der nach Art einer seismischen Masse zwischen zwei Tauchspulen 24b und 24c Pendelbewegungen ausführen kann; diese führen zu Induktionsvorgängen, deren zeitlicher Verlauf aus Fig. 8b ersichtlich ist. Die Pendelbewegungen des Schwingkörpers 24a relativ zu den Tauchspulen 24b und 24c werden durch die Erschütterungen hervorgerufen, welche aufgrund der Schlagkolben-Hübe auftreten.
In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Schwingungsmeßwertgeber 24 oberhalb des Hydraulikhammers 3 als Einheit an der Anschlußkonsole 5 befestigt.
Selbstverständlich kann im Rahmen der Erfindung auch eine andersartige Anordnung Verwendung finden; insbesondere kann der Schwinungsmeßwertgeber 24 innerhalb des Tragelements 6 unmittelbar am Gehäuse 3a des Hydraulikhammers oder auch am Tragelement 6 selbst angebracht sein.The invention may also be configured in such a way that caused by the percussion piston strokes movements are detected by means of a Schwingungsmeßwertgebers and converted into corresponding signals.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 8a, b, the
In the illustrated embodiment, the
Of course, find in the context of the invention, a different type of arrangement use; In particular, the
Die Darstellungen gemäß Fig. 9a, b beziehen sich auf eine erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die Beanspruchung eines Bestandteils des Hydraulikhammers - die sich mit den vom Schlagkolben ausgeführten Schlägen periodisch ändert - mittels eines Spannungsmeßwertgebers erfaßt und in Signale umgewandelt wird.9a, b relate to an embodiment according to the invention, in which the stress on a component of the hydraulic hammer-which changes periodically with the blows carried out by the percussion piston-is detected by means of a voltage transmitter and converted into signals.
Zu diesem Zweck ist an dem Gehäuse 3a des Hydraulikhammers 3 ein Dehnmeßstreifen 25 befestigt. Dieser erfährt in Abhängigkeit von der Beanspruchung des Gehäuses 3a periodisch elastische Verformungen, aus denen sich Signale der dargestellten Art gewinnen lassen. Abweichend von der dargestellten Ausführungsform kann der hier angesprochene Spannungsmeßwertgeber auch aus mehreren zusammengeschalteten Dehnmeßstreifen aufgebaut sein.
Anstelle des zumindest einen Dehnmeßstreifens kann auch ein Kraftmeßwertgeber eingesetzt werden, der als Meßfühler zumindest ein Piezoelement aufweist.
Dieser Kraftmeßwertgeber kann beispielsweise derart angeordnet sein, daß die zugehörigen Piezoelemente oberhalb des Gehäuses 3a zwischen diesem und dem Flansch 6a für die Befestigung des Tragelements 6 spielfrei befestigt sind.For this purpose, a
Instead of the at least one Dehnmeßstreifens also a Kraftmeßwertgeber can be used, which has at least one piezoelectric element as a sensor.
This Kraftmeßwertgeber can be arranged, for example, such that the associated piezo elements above the
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Erzeugung geeigneter Signale besteht darin, das in Abhängigkeit von den Schlagkolben-Hüben unterschiedliche Geräuschniveau zu erfassen.
Dieses Geräuschniveau weist jeweils einen kurzzeitigen Spitzenwert auf, falls der Schlagkolben nebst Meißel 7 auf das zu bearbeitende Material auftrifft.Another possibility for generating suitable signals is to detect the different noise level as a function of the percussion piston strokes.
This noise level in each case has a short-term peak value if the percussion piston together with the
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 10a, b ist der Schallpegel-Meßwertgeber als Mikrophon 26 ausgebildet, welches unterhalb des Flansches 6a zwischen dem Tragelement 6 und dem Gehäuse 3a des Hydraulikhammers angeordnet ist.
Durch geeignete Ausgestaltung des Mikrophons 26 oder Nachschalten eines Filters kann sichergestellt werden, daß jeweils nur beim Aufschlag auf das zu bearbeitende Material die in Fig. 10b angedeuteten impulsartigen Signale erzeugt werden, deren Anzahl mit derjenigen der Kolbenschläge übereinstimmt.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 10a, b, the sound level transmitter is designed as a
By suitable design of the
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 11a, b ist zur Erzeugung der hier interessierenden Signale ein Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber 27 vorgesehen.
Dieser stützt sich oberhalb des Flansches 6a an der Anschlußkonsole 5 ab; er kann im Rahmen der Erfindung jedoch auch an einer anderen geeigneten Stelle - insbesondere am Flansch 6a, am Tragelement 6 selbst oder am Gehäuse 3a des Hydraulikhammers - befestigt sein. Mittels des Beschleunigungsmeßwertgebers 27 lassen sich durch die Schlagkolben-Hübe hervorgerufene Bewegungsabläufe in Signale mit periodisch wiederkehrendem Verlauf umwandeln.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 11a, b, an
This is supported above the flange 6a on the
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 12 werden die Signale zur Ermittlung der Betriebsdauer und der daraus abgeleiteten weiteren Informationen - wie anhand der Fig. 11 a, b erläutert - mittels des Beschleunigungsmeßwertgebers 27 gewonnen.
Zusätzlich ist der Einheit bestehend aus Hydraulikhammer 3 und Tragelement 6 ein Generator zugeordnet, welcher die für die Bereitstellung der Signale und weiteren Informationen benötigte elektrische Energie erzeugt. Dieser Generator entspricht vom Aufbau her dem bereits anhand der Fig. 8a beschriebenen Schwingungsmeßwertgeber 24.
Die aufgrund der im Betrieb auftretenden Erschütterungen werden mittels des Generators 28 in elektrische Energie umgewandelt, welche von einem Elektrospeicher 29- als Bestandteil des Zähl- und Speicherelements ZS - aufgenommen wird.
Die vom Beschleunigungsmeßwertgeber 27 generierten Signale werden in der Einheit ZS aufsummiert und als Signal-Gesamtzahl gespeichert.In the embodiment according to FIG. 12, the signals for determining the operating time and the further information derived therefrom-as explained with reference to FIGS. 11 a, b-are obtained by means of the
In addition, the unit consisting of
The vibrations occurring during operation are converted by means of the
The signals generated by the
Der Einheit ZS ist eine Anzeige A nachgeschaltet, die sowohl die aktuelle Signal-Gesamtzahl erkennbar macht als auch gegebenenfalls weitere Informationen betreffend den Einsatz-Zustand des Hydraulikhammers 3 vermitteln kann.
Diese weitergehenden Informationen bestehen darin, daß in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils aktuellen Signal-Gesamtzahl zeitlich nacheinander mehrere Vorwarn-Anzeigen A1 und A2 generiert werden und daß nach Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Signal-Gesamtzahl eine Wartungs-Anzeige A3 erscheint, welche das Ende eines definierten Wartungsintervalls andeutet.The unit ZS is followed by a display A, which makes both the current total number of signals recognizable and may possibly provide further information regarding the operational state of the
This further information consists in the fact that, depending on the respective current signal total, several advance warning displays A1 and A2 are generated one after the other and that after reaching a predetermined signal total a maintenance display A3 appears which indicates the end of a defined maintenance interval ,
Dem Zähl- und Speicherelement ZS ist weiterhin eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit 30 nachgeschaltet, mit der sich drahtlos entsprechende Informationen an eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit 31 übermitteln lassen; diese ist ihrerseits mit einer Auswertung AW (insbesondere einem Computer) gekoppelt.
Letztere ermöglicht nicht nur die Auswertung der gespeicherten Informationen, sondern dient auch dazu, gespeicherte Informationen durch Rückstellung auf einen gewünschten Rückstell-Wert zu beeinflussen. Diese Rückstellung wird dadurch ermöglicht, daß die von der Auswertung AW ausgehenden Befehle durch Zusammenwirken der Einheiten 31 und 30 ebenfalls drahtlos an die Einheit ZS übermittelt werden.The counting and storage element ZS is further followed by a transmitter / receiver unit 30, with which wirelessly corresponding information can be transmitted to a transmitter /
The latter not only enables the evaluation of the stored information, but also serves to influence stored information by resetting to a desired reset value. This provision is made possible by the fact that the commands issued by the evaluation AW are also transmitted wirelessly to the unit ZS by interaction of the
Abweichend von der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform kann die elektrische Energie für die Bereitstellung der Signale und der daraus abgeleiteten Informationen - wie aus Fig. 13 ersichtlich - mittels eines Hilfs-Hydraulikmotors 32 erzeugt werden, der eingangsseitig mit der Druckleitung 12 und ausgangsseitig mit der Rücklaufleitung 14 (vgl. dazu Fig. 3a) in Verbindung steht.
Der Hilfs-Hydraulikmotor 32 treibt einen Generator 33 an, dem ein Elektrospeicher 34 nachgeschaltet ist.Notwithstanding the embodiment described above, the electrical energy for providing the signals and the information derived therefrom - as shown in FIG. 13 - can be generated by means of an auxiliary
The auxiliary
Die in Rede stehende Anordnung ermöglicht es also, die elektrische Energie mittels des Fluids zu erzeugen, welches auch den Schlagkolben antreibt.The arrangement in question thus makes it possible to generate the electrical energy by means of the fluid, which also drives the percussion piston.
Dabei kann der Elektrospeicher 34 als eigenständiges Element beispielsweise mit der Einheit ZS gekoppelt oder - wie in Fig. 12 dargestellt - als Teil 29 in diese integriert sein.In this case, the
Claims (29)
- Method for determining the operation period and the operation condition of a hydraulic percussion unit, especially a hydraulic hammer (3), with a percussion piston (8) - guided inside a housing (3a) and stroking a tool - controlled by control means (9) to alternately perfom an operating stroke in stroke direction (8e) and a return stroke, whereby during the consecutive operating segments of the percussion unit signals are generated whose number of which is proportional to the number of percussion piston strokes performed in one of the movements directions,
characterised in that
the number of signals is added continuously and stored as total number; and displaying at least at times an indication for the operating condition of the percussion unit based on the current total number of added signals. - Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the signals are generated in dependence of at least one of the physical acts - pressure, path, sound level, temperature, flow amount and vibration.
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that pressure fluctuations or flow processes arising in one of the supply lines for the percussion unit (3) are recorded - pressure line (12) for the fluid entering the percussion unit (3) and return flow line (14) for the return flow of the exiting fluid.
- Method according to claim 3, characterised in that pressure fluctuations occurring periodically are converted in signals by means of a pressure monitor (19).
- Method according to claim 3, characterised in that pressure fluctuations occurring periodically are converted in signals by means of a flow meter sensor.
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the signals are generated by a sound meter sensor (26) detecting changes of the sound level occurring in dependence on the impacts of the percussion piston (8).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the signals generated by the motions of the percussion piston are detected by a vibration sensor (24).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the displacement of a component (8) of the percussion unit (3) caused by the percussion piston stroke moving in the movement direction is detected by a path sensor (23).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the stress of a component (3a) of the percussion unit (3) - which changes periodically with the impacts carried out by the percussion piston (8) - are detected by a force or a stress sensor (25).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the temperature of a gas cushion (18) changing periodically with the percussion piston strokes is detected by a temperature sensor (22).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 2 and 4, characterised in that a gas cushion pressure changing periodically with the percussion piston strokes is transformed in signals by a pressure monitor (21).
- Method according to at last one of the preceding claims, characterised in that after a predetermined total signal number is reached at least one maintenance display (A3) is generated at least showing that the percussion unit requires maintenance.
- Method according to claim 12, characterised in that depending on the current total number of signals multiple prewarning-displays (A1, A2) are generated successively showing that partial segments of the maintenance interval defined by a predetermined upper limit for the total signal number has been reached.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that at a time the actual total number of the stored signals is transmitted wireless to an evaluation (AW).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that at a time the actual total number of the stored signals is adjusted wireless by activating a reset (AW).
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electric energy for the actuating (generating, adding and storing) of the signals is generated by the fluid which drives the percussion unit (8).
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims characterised in that the electric energy for actuating the signals is generated by a generator (28) operated by movements initiated by the percussion piston strokes and a subsequent arranged electric storage unit (29).
- Hydraulic percussion unit, especially hydraulic hammer (3), with a percussion piston (8) - guided inside a housing (3a) and stroking a tool - controlled by control means (9) to alternately perform an operating stroke in stroke direction (8e) and a return stroke with a sensor (S) generating signals during the consecutive individual operating segments, the number of signals being proportional to the number of strokes performed by the percussion piston (8) in one of the movements directions, whereby the hydraulic percussion unit is characterised by the following features: a counting element for continuously adding the number of generated signals; a storage element for storing the actual total number of the added signals (ZS) and a display element (A) for displaying at least at times the actual total number of added signals for determination of the operation period and the operation condition of the hydraulic percussion unit and for the performance of the method according to at least one of the preceding claims.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18, characterised in that the sensor (S) is configured for converting physical processes occurring as a result of the percussion piston movements, into signals.
- Hydraulic percussion unit, according to one of the claims 18 or 19, characterised in that pressure line (12) connecting the percussion unit (3) to a source of pressure (11) comprises a pressure monitor (19) for detecting the pressure conditions in the pressure line.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that the reversing line (13) for the control plunger (9) comprises a pressure monitor (20).
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that a pressure monitor (21) for detecting the pressure in the gas cushion (18) is provided, the gas cushion supporting the percussion piston (8) on a side facing away from a tip (8d) thereof.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that the gas cushion supporting the percussion piston (8) on a side facing away from a tip (8d) thereof a temperature sensor (22) for detecting the temperature in the gas cushion (18) is provided.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised by an inductive path sensor (23) detecting the movements of the percussion piston (8) strokes relative to the path sensor (23).
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised by an inductive vibration sensor (24) detecting vibrations caused by the percussion piston strokes.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that the percussion unit (3) has at least one strain gauge (25) detecting the mechanical stresses exerted on the percussion unit by the percussion piston strokes.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised by a sound level sensor (26) detecting noises generated by the percussion piston strokes.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to claim 18 or 19, characterised by an acceleration sensor (27) detecting accelerations resulting from the percussion piston strokes.
- Hydraulic percussion unit according to one of the claims 18 to 28, characterised in that an electric generator (28) working according the principle of switching coils is provided for generating electric energy for generating the signals; and an electric storage unit (29) connected to an output of said generator; said generator including means being activated by strokes of said percussion piston.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19923680 | 1999-05-22 | ||
DE19923680A DE19923680B4 (en) | 1999-05-22 | 1999-05-22 | Method for determining the operating time and the operating state of a hydraulic impact unit, in particular hydraulic hammer, and device for carrying out the method |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1055489A2 EP1055489A2 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
EP1055489A3 EP1055489A3 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
EP1055489B1 true EP1055489B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP00109684A Expired - Lifetime EP1055489B1 (en) | 1999-05-22 | 2000-05-06 | Process for determining the operational life and state of a hydraulic impact assembly |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US6510902B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1055489B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001017873A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE375848T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19923680B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2293876T3 (en) |
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KR20230137314A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-10-04 | 얀마 홀딩스 주식회사 | construction machinery |
CN114411850B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-17 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Gravity breaking hammer and automatic control method thereof |
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SE420057B (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1981-09-14 | Atlas Copco Ab | HYDRAULIC SHIPPING WITH POSSIBILITY TO REGULATE SHOCK ENERGY |
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DE4019019A1 (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-12-19 | Krupp Maschinentechnik | METHOD FOR DETERMINING CHARACTERISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A STRIKE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
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DE4036918A1 (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1992-05-21 | Krupp Maschinentechnik | METHOD FOR ADAPTING THE OPERATIONAL BEHAVIOR OF A STRIKE TO THE HARDNESS OF THE CRUSHING MATERIAL AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
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DE19507348A1 (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1996-09-05 | Krupp Maschinentechnik | Method of controlling work-rate of hydraulic crushing hammer |
FI104960B (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 2000-05-15 | Sandvik Tamrock Oy | Hydraulic hammer |
DE19545708A1 (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-06-12 | Krupp Bautechnik Gmbh | Method for influencing the operating behavior of a fluid-operated hammer mechanism and hammer mechanism suitable for carrying out the method |
-
1999
- 1999-05-22 DE DE19923680A patent/DE19923680B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-05-06 AT AT00109684T patent/ATE375848T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-06 EP EP00109684A patent/EP1055489B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-06 DE DE50014717T patent/DE50014717D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-06 ES ES00109684T patent/ES2293876T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-19 US US09/573,874 patent/US6510902B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-19 JP JP2000148420A patent/JP2001017873A/en active Pending
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ATE375848T1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
EP1055489A3 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
DE19923680B4 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
ES2293876T3 (en) | 2008-04-01 |
DE19923680A1 (en) | 2000-11-23 |
EP1055489A2 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
DE50014717D1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
JP2001017873A (en) | 2001-01-23 |
US6510902B1 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
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