EP1053206A1 - Braking device and method for braking escalators or moving walkways - Google Patents

Braking device and method for braking escalators or moving walkways

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Publication number
EP1053206A1
EP1053206A1 EP99906137A EP99906137A EP1053206A1 EP 1053206 A1 EP1053206 A1 EP 1053206A1 EP 99906137 A EP99906137 A EP 99906137A EP 99906137 A EP99906137 A EP 99906137A EP 1053206 A1 EP1053206 A1 EP 1053206A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
braking
frequency converter
standstill
escalator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99906137A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1053206B1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Balzer-Apke
Dirk Lange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
Original Assignee
Kone Corp
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Publication date
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Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Publication of EP1053206A1 publication Critical patent/EP1053206A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B29/00—Safety devices of escalators or moving walkways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/24—Operating devices
    • B66D5/30—Operating devices electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or an escalator.
  • the flywheel mass on the motor is usually used at the same time as a braking drum, the flywheel mass, which is to be designed as a function of the dimensions of the escalator or moving walk, causing the braking distance to be maintained within the predetermined limits.
  • the essential criteria for the design of the flywheel mass are the load caused by the number of people on escalators and, in the case of moving walks, essentially the length in connection with the person load on them.
  • the drive motor When the brake is applied, the drive motor is disconnected from the power supply.
  • the brake is triggered when the emergency stop is actuated and when safety switches in the existing safety chain are activated.
  • a disadvantage of the known brake is that the braking distance depends on the load, no equal braking distances - since depending on the load - can be maintained, and that certain design dimensions (e.g. excess length of moving walkways) require such large flywheels that there are technical limits for the placement can be achieved.
  • certain design dimensions e.g. excess length of moving walkways
  • the aim of the subject matter of the invention is, on the one hand, to design a different type of braking method and, on the other hand, a braking device that differs from the St.dT in order to increase the safety and to comply with the braking distances (downward and upward) required in the relevant standards and to reduce the mechanical effort (flywheel masses) that is no longer load-dependent and largely free of wear.
  • This goal is achieved on the one hand by a method for braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or an escalator regardless of the load, in that when at least one safety element responds, at least one frequency converter interacting with the drive motor is activated in such a way that a time-dependent braking ramp is activated, via which the speed of the step or pallet belt is brought up to the value 0 m / s essentially with constant deceleration.
  • a braking device for the step or pallet belt of an escalator or moving walk with a service brake and a standstill brake (additional brake)
  • the service brake being formed by at least one frequency converter that is operatively connected to the drive motor
  • the standstill brake is an electro-mechanical brake which can be brought into operative connection with components of the drive motor, in particular a shoe brake.
  • the service brake is free of wear - low mechanical effort (reduction of the flywheel masses towards zero)
  • the invention thus makes use of an exclusively electrically operating service brake.
  • the contacts of the main switching elements (contactors) of the motor circuit for braking the escalator or the escalator are kept closed, although the safety chain is interrupted by triggering one or more safety elements.
  • the further developments according to the invention ensure that in the event of malfunction of the frequency converter and after the escalator has come to a standstill, the auxiliary brake is applied reliably.
  • a possible power failure must be considered like a service brake failure, i.e. the additional brake must be triggered by monitoring the supply voltage or it must apply automatically.
  • All cut-off contacts in a current path preferably act on two contactors (redundancy), in particular connected in parallel, which both control the main switching elements during the frequency converter braking process and also ensure that the additional brake is applied immediately in the event of deviations.
  • An additional safety device can then ensure that the additional brake is applied after a time to be determined (e.g. via two separate time relays). In the event that the time relays and / or the monitoring contacts do not work properly, they are evaluated with an error message and a switch-on lock.
  • the speed of the escalator or moving walk can thus be brought down to the value 0 m / s with essentially constant deceleration.
  • the mechanical brake is applied as a holding brake.
  • the braking ramp of the frequency converter is activated and braked with a uniform deceleration while observing the braking distance required in the corresponding guidelines. If the frequency converter exceeds the set curve for the braking ramp in the event of a fault, the additional brake is applied immediately to ensure that the braking distance is maintained.
  • the deviation from the specified ramp is used as a criterion for the early entry.
  • the evaluation is preferably carried out via a microprocessor in the electronic control of the escalator or escalator.
  • both the frequency converter and the electronic control receive incorrect information, which means that the motor does not experience a speed reduction or does not run through the specified braking ramp, the brake must be applied and the frequency converter must be disconnected from the motor connection at the latest after a monitoring time has expired.
  • Figure 1 Graphical representation of the speed behavior when braking an escalator or a moving walk in comparison St. d. T. - Subject of the invention
  • FIG 2 basic illustration of a frequency converter-controlled service brake of a drive motor for an escalator, not shown
  • Figure 3 basic representation of a frequency converter-controlled service brake extended by safety elements for a moving walkway, not shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows the previous St.D.T. with electro-mechanical shoe brake as service brake and on the other hand safety-related braking via frequency converter.
  • the speed is plotted against time.
  • Area a is the minimum braking distance defined in the applicable guidelines, while b defines the maximum permissible braking distance.
  • the reference numerals 1 and 2 in connection with c define the spread between the minimum braking distance a and the maximum braking distance b that can be achieved by means of the load-dependent electro-mechanical brake.
  • Reference number 3 indicates safety-related braking via frequency converters with / without load, with a defined braking distance over a predetermined time being always realizable in the case of load-independent braking (braking ramp).
  • the speed of the escalator or escalator is thus brought to a value of 0 m / s with constant deceleration.
  • the braking ramp of the frequency converter is activated and braked with a substantially uniform deceleration, while maintaining the required braking distance.
  • a standstill brake additional brake not shown here is applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic diagram of the braking process using a frequency converter, the following components being recognizable:
  • an electrical or electronic control 5 a frequency converter 6, a switch-off element 7, a brake magnet 8 for an electro-mechanical additional brake 9 (standstill brake) in the form of a shoe brake.
  • the energy flow is shown continuously, while the control signals are shown in dashed lines.
  • the energy supply is addressed with reference number 10.
  • the electrical or electronic control 5 is here via control lines 11, 12, 13 on the one hand with the frequency converter 6 and the shutdown element 7 and on the other hand with the brake magnet 8 in operative connection.
  • the frequency converter 6 is connected to the switch-off element 7 via the control line 14.
  • the contacts 15 of the shutdown element 7 must be brakes on the escalator are kept closed, although the safety chain, not shown here, is interrupted.
  • FIG. 3 shows a braking device that is essentially equivalent to FIG. 2 with the components drive motor 4, frequency converter 6, electrical or electronic control 5, switch-off element 7 and brake magnet 8 and additional brake 9.
  • further safety elements namely double mechanical / electrical timing elements 19, 20 are provided, which in turn are operatively connected to the shutdown element 7 via control lines 21 and the control line 22 to the electronic control 5.
  • These additional safety elements ensure that in the event of malfunction of the frequency converter 6 or the electronic control 5 and after the moving walkway, which is not shown in more detail here, has come to a standstill, the additional brake 9 engages safely.
  • the braking ramp (3) shown in Figure 1 is constantly monitored for overshoot or undershoot.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for load-independently braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or a moving walkway. According to said method, the activation of at least one safety element triggers at least one frequency converter in such a way as to activate a time-dependent braking ramp, said frequency converter interacting with the drive motor. The braking ramp then slows down the step or pallet belt to 0 m/s with essentially constant deceleration.

Description

BREMSEINRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUM ABBREMSEN VON ROLLTREPPEN BZW. ROLLSTEIGEN BRAKING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR BRAKING ESCALAIRS OR ROLLING UP
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abbremsen des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges.The invention relates to a method for braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or an escalator.
Zum Abbremsen des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes einer Rolltreppe beim Ansprechen von Sicherheitselementen wurden bisher im wesentlichen mechanisch oder elektro- mechanisch betätigbare Bremsen, insbesondere Backenbremsen verwendet. Diese sind in der Regel federbelastet, wobei die Wirkung der Feder über eine Magnetspule aufgehoben wird, so daß die Bremse im Betriebszustand geöffnet bleibt. Beim Anhalten der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges wird die Wirkung des Elektromagneten aufgehoben und dadurch die dann überwiegende Federkraft zum Einsatz gebracht. Bei auftretendem Stromausfall fällt die mechanische Bremse unmittelbar ein, da die Wirkung des Elektromagneten unmittelbar aufgehoben und die Federkraft dann wirksam werden kann. Hierbei wird üblicherweise die Schwungmasse am Motor gleichzeitig als Bremstrommei verwendet, wobei die Schwungmasse, die in Abhängigkeit von den Dimensionen der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges auszulegen ist, bewirkt, daß der Bremsweg innerhalb der vorgegebenen Grenzen eingehalten werden kann. Wesentliche Kriterien bei der Auslegung der Schwungmasse sind bei Rolltreppen die Belastung durch die Personenanzahl und bei Rollsteigen im wesentlichen die Länge in Verbindung mit der darauf befindlichen Personenlast.To brake the step or pallet belt of an escalator when safety elements are actuated, mechanically or electromechanically actuable brakes, in particular shoe brakes, have been used to date. These are usually spring-loaded, the effect of the spring being canceled by means of a magnetic coil, so that the brake remains open in the operating state. When the escalator or escalator stops, the effect of the electromagnet is canceled and the predominant spring force is then used. In the event of a power failure, the mechanical brake is applied immediately, since the action of the electromagnet is immediately canceled and the spring force can then take effect. In this case, the flywheel mass on the motor is usually used at the same time as a braking drum, the flywheel mass, which is to be designed as a function of the dimensions of the escalator or moving walk, causing the braking distance to be maintained within the predetermined limits. The essential criteria for the design of the flywheel mass are the load caused by the number of people on escalators and, in the case of moving walks, essentially the length in connection with the person load on them.
Mit einfallender Bremse wird der Antriebsmotor von der Energieversorgung abgetrennt. Das Auslösen der Bremse erfolgt hierbei bei Betätigung des Nothaltes sowie bei Ansprechen von Sicherheitsschaltern in der vorhandenen Sicherheitskette.When the brake is applied, the drive motor is disconnected from the power supply. The brake is triggered when the emergency stop is actuated and when safety switches in the existing safety chain are activated.
Nachteilig bei der bekannten Bremse ist festzustellen, daß der Bremsweg lastabhängig erfolgt, keine gleichen Bremswege - da abhängig von der Last - einhaltbar sind, und daß bei bestimmten konstruktiven Gegebenheiten (z.B. Überlänge von Rollsteigen) derart große Schwungmassen erforderlich sind, daß hier technische Grenzen für die Unterbringung erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus ist ein relativ hoher Verschleiß der Bremsbeläge gegeben, was aus Sicherheitsgründen eine kontinuierliche Nachstellung der mechanischen Bremsen nötig macht. Ziel des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist es, zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit und zur Einhaltung der in den einschlägigen Normen geforderten Bremswege (abwärts und aufwärts) sowie zur Reduzierung des mechanischen Aufwandes (Schwungmassen) einerseits ein andersartiges Bremsverfahren und zum anderen eine vom St.d.T. abweichende Bremseinrichtung zu konzipieren, die nicht mehr lastabhängig und weitestge- hend verschleißfrei ist.A disadvantage of the known brake is that the braking distance depends on the load, no equal braking distances - since depending on the load - can be maintained, and that certain design dimensions (e.g. excess length of moving walkways) require such large flywheels that there are technical limits for the placement can be achieved. In addition, there is a relatively high degree of wear on the brake pads, which for safety reasons necessitates continuous readjustment of the mechanical brakes. The aim of the subject matter of the invention is, on the one hand, to design a different type of braking method and, on the other hand, a braking device that differs from the St.dT in order to increase the safety and to comply with the braking distances (downward and upward) required in the relevant standards and to reduce the mechanical effort (flywheel masses) that is no longer load-dependent and largely free of wear.
Dieses Ziel wird einerseits erreicht durch ein Verfahren zum lastunabhängigen Abbremsen des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges, indem beim Ansprechen mindestens eines Sicherheitselementes mindestens ein mit dem Antriebsmotor zusammenwirkender Frequenzumformer so angesteuert wird, daß eine zeitabhängige Bremsrampe aktiviert wird, über welche die Geschwindigkeit des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes im wesentlichen mit gleichbleibender Verzögerung bis auf den Wert 0 m/s gebracht wird.This goal is achieved on the one hand by a method for braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or an escalator regardless of the load, in that when at least one safety element responds, at least one frequency converter interacting with the drive motor is activated in such a way that a time-dependent braking ramp is activated, via which the speed of the step or pallet belt is brought up to the value 0 m / s essentially with constant deceleration.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind den zugehörigen Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention can be found in the associated subclaims.
Andererseits wird das Ziel durch eine Bremseinrichtung für das Stufen- bzw. Palettenband einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges erreicht mit einer Betriebsbremse und einer Stillstandsbremse (Zusatzbremse), wobei die Betriebsbremse durch mindestens einen mit dem Antriebsmotor in Wirkverbindung stehenden Frequenzumformer gebildet und die Stillstandsbremse (Zusatzbremse) eine mit Bauteilen des Antriebsmotors in Wirkverbindung bringbare elektro-mechanische Bremse, insbesondere eine Bak- kenbremse, ist.On the other hand, the goal is achieved by a braking device for the step or pallet belt of an escalator or moving walk with a service brake and a standstill brake (additional brake), the service brake being formed by at least one frequency converter that is operatively connected to the drive motor and the standstill brake (additional brake ) is an electro-mechanical brake which can be brought into operative connection with components of the drive motor, in particular a shoe brake.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Bremseinrichtung sind den zugehörigen Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous developments of the braking device according to the invention can be found in the associated subclaims.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die ebenfalls erfindungsgemäße Bremseinrichtung findet gegenüber dem bisherigen St.d.T. eine lastunabhängige Ab- bremsung des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes von Rolltreppen und Rollsteigen statt, die im wesentlichen folgende Vorteile mit sich bringt:The inventive method and the braking device also according to the invention compared to the previous St.d.T. a load-independent braking of the step or pallet belt of escalators and escalators takes place, which essentially has the following advantages:
- immer gleiche Bremswege, da unabhängig von der Last- Always the same braking distances, as regardless of the load
- Verschleißfreiheit der Betriebsbremse - geringer mechanischer Aufwand (Reduzierung der Schwungmassen gegen null)- The service brake is free of wear - low mechanical effort (reduction of the flywheel masses towards zero)
- Erhöhung der Sicherheit- increase security
- zumindest teilweise Energierückspeisung in das Versorgungsnetz.- At least partial energy recovery in the supply network.
Durch die Erfindung wird somit Gebrauch gemacht von einer ausschließlich elektrisch wirkenden Betriebsbremse. Hierbei werden die Kontakte der Hauptschaltelemente (Schütze) des Motorstromkreises für das Abbremsen der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges geschlossen gehalten, obwohl durch Auslösen eines oder mehrerer Sicherheitselemente die Sicherheitskette unterbrochen ist.The invention thus makes use of an exclusively electrically operating service brake. The contacts of the main switching elements (contactors) of the motor circuit for braking the escalator or the escalator are kept closed, although the safety chain is interrupted by triggering one or more safety elements.
Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildungen wird sichergestellt, daß bei Fehlfunktionen des Frequenzumformers und nach Erreichen des Stillstandes der Rolltreppe die Zusatzbremse sicher einfällt. Ein möglicher Spannungsausfall muß wie ein Ausfall der Betriebsbremse beachtet werden, d.h. die Zusatzbremse muß durch eine Überwachung der Versorgungsspannung ausgelöst werden oder sie muß sofort automatisch einfallen.The further developments according to the invention ensure that in the event of malfunction of the frequency converter and after the escalator has come to a standstill, the auxiliary brake is applied reliably. A possible power failure must be considered like a service brake failure, i.e. the additional brake must be triggered by monitoring the supply voltage or it must apply automatically.
Vorzugsweise wirken alle Abschaltkontakte in einem Strompfad auf zwei insbesondere parallel geschaltete Schütze (Redundanz), die sowohl das Ansteuern der Hauptschaltelemente während des Frequenzumformerbremsvorganges bewirken als auch bei Abweichungen für das sofortige Einfallen der Zusatzbremse sorgen.All cut-off contacts in a current path preferably act on two contactors (redundancy), in particular connected in parallel, which both control the main switching elements during the frequency converter braking process and also ensure that the additional brake is applied immediately in the event of deviations.
Eine zusätzliche Sicherheitseinrichtung kann dann gewährleisten, daß die Zusatzbremse nach Ablauf einer noch festzulegenden Zeit in jedem Fall einfällt (z.B. über zwei separate Zeitrelais). Für den Fall, daß die Zeitrelais und/oder die Überwachungskontakte nicht ordnungsgemäß arbeiten, erfolgt eine Auswertung mit Fehlermeldung und Einschaltverriegelung.An additional safety device can then ensure that the additional brake is applied after a time to be determined (e.g. via two separate time relays). In the event that the time relays and / or the monitoring contacts do not work properly, they are evaluated with an error message and a switch-on lock.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bzw. der ebenfalls erfindungsgemäßen Bremseinrichtung kann somit die Geschwindigkeit der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges definiert mit im wesentlichen gleichbleibender Verzögerung bis auf den Wert 0 m/s gebracht werden. Zum Zeitpunkt des Stillstandes des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes (Drehzahl = 0 oder 0 Hz) fällt die mechanische Bremse als Haltebremse ein. Zum Zeitpunkt des Auslösens eines Sicherheitselementes wird die Bremsrampe des Frequenzumformers aktiviert und gleichförmig verzögert gebremst unter Einhaltung des in den entsprechenden Richtlinien geforderten Bremsweges. Wird die Sollkurve für die Bremsrampe vom Frequenzumformer im Störungsfall überschritten, ist durch sofortiges Einfallen der Zusatzbremse gewährleistet, daß der Bremsweg eingehalten wird. Als Kriterium für das vorzeitige Einfallen wird die Abweichung von der vorgegebenen Rampe herangezogen. Die Auswertung erfolgt vorzugsweise über einen Mikroprozessor in der elektronischen Steuerung der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges.With the method according to the invention or the braking device likewise according to the invention, the speed of the escalator or moving walk can thus be brought down to the value 0 m / s with essentially constant deceleration. When the step or pallet belt comes to a standstill (speed = 0 or 0 Hz), the mechanical brake is applied as a holding brake. When a safety element is triggered, the braking ramp of the frequency converter is activated and braked with a uniform deceleration while observing the braking distance required in the corresponding guidelines. If the frequency converter exceeds the set curve for the braking ramp in the event of a fault, the additional brake is applied immediately to ensure that the braking distance is maintained. The deviation from the specified ramp is used as a criterion for the early entry. The evaluation is preferably carried out via a microprocessor in the electronic control of the escalator or escalator.
Sollten sowohl der Frequenzumformer als auch die elektronische Steuerung Fehlinformationen erhalten, die dazu führen, daß der Motor keine Geschwindigkeitsreduzierung erfährt bzw. die vorgegebene Bremsrampe nicht durchläuft, muß spätestens nach Ablauf einer Überwachungszeit die Bremse einfallen und der Frequenzumformer von der Motorverbindung getrennt werden.If both the frequency converter and the electronic control receive incorrect information, which means that the motor does not experience a speed reduction or does not run through the specified braking ramp, the brake must be applied and the frequency converter must be disconnected from the motor connection at the latest after a monitoring time has expired.
Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsmaßnahmen könnte das folgende diversitä- re System gebildet werden, mit welchem die Bremse definiert kontrolliert werden und sicher einfallen kann:The following diverse system could be formed by the safety measures according to the invention, with which the brake can be checked in a defined manner and can engage reliably:
Auswertung bzw. Kontrolle der Motordrehzahl über den Frequenzumformer zur lastunabhängigen Reduzierung der Geschwindigkeit der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges und Auslösung der Zusatzbremse etwa bei Drehzahl null Auswertung der Drehzahlimpulse mit Auswertung über elektronische Steuerung zur Auslösung der Bremse bei der Drehzahl null Kondensatorkurzzeitrelais oder pneumatische Relaissteuerglieder für einen unbedingten Einfall der Zusatzbremse nach Ablauf einer Zeitrampe.Evaluation or control of the engine speed via the frequency converter for load-independent reduction of the speed of the escalator or escalator and triggering of the additional brake, for example at zero speed, evaluation of the speed impulses with evaluation via electronic control to trigger the brake at zero speed, capacitor short-time relay or pneumatic relay control elements for one unconditional application of the additional brake after a time ramp.
Der Erfindungsgegenstand ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird wie folgt beschrieben. Es zeigen:The subject matter of the invention is illustrated in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment and is described as follows. Show it:
Figur 1 - Graphische Darstellung des Geschwindigkeitsverhaltens beim Abbremsen einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges im Vergleich St. d. T. - ErfindungsgegenstandFigure 1 - Graphical representation of the speed behavior when braking an escalator or a moving walk in comparison St. d. T. - Subject of the invention
Figur 2 - prinzipielle Darstellung einer frequenzumrichtergesteuerten Betriebsbremse eines Antriebsmotors für eine nicht weiter dargestellte Rolltreppe Figur 3 - prinzipielle Darstellung einer um Sicherheitselemente erweiterten fre- quenzumrichtergesteuerten Betriebsbremse für einen nicht weiter dargestellten Rollsteig.Figure 2 - basic illustration of a frequency converter-controlled service brake of a drive motor for an escalator, not shown Figure 3 - basic representation of a frequency converter-controlled service brake extended by safety elements for a moving walkway, not shown.
Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Schaubild zeigt einerseits den bisherigen St.d.T. mit elek- tro-mechanischer Backenbremse als Betriebsbremse und anderseits das sicherheits- gerichtete Bremsen über Frequenzumformer. Aufgetragen ist die Geschwindigkeit über der Zeit. Der Bereich a ist der in den geltenden Richtlinien definierte minimale Bremsweg, während b den maximal zulässigen Bremsweg definiert. Die Bezugszeichen 1 und 2 in Verbindung mit c definieren die mittels der lastabhängig arbeitenden elektro-mechanischen Bremse erzielbare Spreizung zwischen minimalem Bremsweg a und maximalem Bremsweg b.The diagram shown in Figure 1 shows the previous St.D.T. with electro-mechanical shoe brake as service brake and on the other hand safety-related braking via frequency converter. The speed is plotted against time. Area a is the minimum braking distance defined in the applicable guidelines, while b defines the maximum permissible braking distance. The reference numerals 1 and 2 in connection with c define the spread between the minimum braking distance a and the maximum braking distance b that can be achieved by means of the load-dependent electro-mechanical brake.
Mit dem Bezugszeichen 3 ist das sicherheitsgerichtete Bremsen über Frequenzumformer mit/ohne Last angegeben, wobei bei lastunabhängiger Bremsung immer ein definierter Bremsweg über einer vorgegebenen Zeit realisierbar ist (Bremsrampe). Die Geschwindigkeit des Rollsteiges bzw. der Rolltreppe wird damit definiert mit gleichbleibender Verzögerung auf den Wert 0 m/s gebracht. Zum Zeitpunkt t0 wird die Bremsrampe des Frequenzumformers aktiviert und im wesentlichen gleichförmig verzögert gebremst und zwar unter Einhaltung des geforderten Bremsweges. Zum Zeitpunkt ist der Stillstand erreicht und eine hier nicht weiter dargestellte Stillstandsbremse (Zusatzbremse) fällt ein.Reference number 3 indicates safety-related braking via frequency converters with / without load, with a defined braking distance over a predetermined time being always realizable in the case of load-independent braking (braking ramp). The speed of the escalator or escalator is thus brought to a value of 0 m / s with constant deceleration. At time t 0 , the braking ramp of the frequency converter is activated and braked with a substantially uniform deceleration, while maintaining the required braking distance. At this point the standstill has been reached and a standstill brake (additional brake) not shown here is applied.
Figur 2 zeigt als prinzipielles Schaubild den Bremsvorgang über einen Frequenzumformer, wobei folgende Bauteile erkennbar sind:FIG. 2 shows a basic diagram of the braking process using a frequency converter, the following components being recognizable:
der Antriebsmotor 4 einer nicht weiter dargestellten Rolltreppe, eine elektrische oder elektronische Steuerung 5, ein Frequenzumformer 6, ein Abschaltelement 7, ein Bremsmagnet 8 für eine elektro-mechanische Zusatzbremse 9 (Stillstandsbremse) in Form einer Backenbremse. Der Energiefluß ist hierbei durchgehend dargestellt, während die Steuersignale gestrichelt angegeben sind. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 ist die Energieversorgung angesprochen. Die elektrische bzw. elektronische Steuerung 5 besteht hierbei über Steuerleitungen 11 ,12,13 einerseits mit dem Frequenzumformer 6 und dem Abschaltelement 7 und andererseits mit dem Bremsmagneten 8 in Wirkverbindung. Über die Steuerleitung 14 ist der Frequenzumformer 6 mit dem Abschaltelement 7 verbunden. Die Kontakte 15 des Abschaltelementes 7 müssen für das Ab- bremsen der Rolltreppe geschlossen gehalten werden, obwohl die hier nicht weiter dargestellte Sicherheitskette unterbrochen ist. Hiermit ist ein Stromfluß über die Leitungen 16,17,18 zum Antriebsmotor 4 gewährleistet, so daß der Frequenzumformer 6 in jedem Zeitpunkt auf den Antriebsmotor 4 einwirken kann, unabhängig davon, ob die Sicherheitskette an irgendeiner Stelle unterbrochen ist. Mit 9 ist die mechanische Zusatzbremse bezeichnet, die - rückblickend auf das Schaubild gemäß Figur 1 - im Zeitpunkt t-i, d.h. im Stillstand bzw. im relativen Stillstand einfällt und mit hier nicht weiter dargestellten Bauteilen des Antriebsmotors 4 in Wirkverbindung tritt.the drive motor 4 of an escalator, not shown, an electrical or electronic control 5, a frequency converter 6, a switch-off element 7, a brake magnet 8 for an electro-mechanical additional brake 9 (standstill brake) in the form of a shoe brake. The energy flow is shown continuously, while the control signals are shown in dashed lines. The energy supply is addressed with reference number 10. The electrical or electronic control 5 is here via control lines 11, 12, 13 on the one hand with the frequency converter 6 and the shutdown element 7 and on the other hand with the brake magnet 8 in operative connection. The frequency converter 6 is connected to the switch-off element 7 via the control line 14. The contacts 15 of the shutdown element 7 must be brakes on the escalator are kept closed, although the safety chain, not shown here, is interrupted. This ensures a current flow via the lines 16, 17, 18 to the drive motor 4, so that the frequency converter 6 can act on the drive motor 4 at any time, regardless of whether the safety chain is interrupted at any point. 9 denotes the mechanical auxiliary brake, which - looking back at the diagram according to FIG. 1 - engages at time ti, ie at a standstill or in a relative standstill, and comes into operative connection with components of the drive motor 4 which are not shown here.
Figur 3 zeigt eine zu Figur 2 im wesentlichen äquivalente Bremseinrichtung mit den Bauteilen Antriebsmotor 4, Frequenzumformer 6, elektrische bzw. elektronische Steuerung 5, Abschaltelement 7 und Bremsmagnet 8 sowie Zusatzbremse 9. Darüber hinaus sind weitere Sicherheitselemente, nämlich 2-fach mechanische/elektrische Zeitglieder 19,20 vorgesehen, die wiederum auf über Steuerleitungen 21 mit dem Abschaltelement 7 bzw. die Steuerleitung 22 mit der elektronischen Steuerung 5 in Wirkverbindung stehen. Durch diese zusätzlichen Sicherheitselemente wird sichergestellt, daß bei Fehlfunktionen des Frequenzumformers 6 bzw. der elektronischen Steuerung 5 und nach Erreichen des Stillstandes des hier nicht weiter dargestellten Rollsteiges die Zusatzbremse 9 sicher einfällt. Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Bremsrampe (3) wird ständig auf Über- oder Unterschreitung überwacht. FIG. 3 shows a braking device that is essentially equivalent to FIG. 2 with the components drive motor 4, frequency converter 6, electrical or electronic control 5, switch-off element 7 and brake magnet 8 and additional brake 9. In addition, there are further safety elements, namely double mechanical / electrical timing elements 19, 20 are provided, which in turn are operatively connected to the shutdown element 7 via control lines 21 and the control line 22 to the electronic control 5. These additional safety elements ensure that in the event of malfunction of the frequency converter 6 or the electronic control 5 and after the moving walkway, which is not shown in more detail here, has come to a standstill, the additional brake 9 engages safely. The braking ramp (3) shown in Figure 1 is constantly monitored for overshoot or undershoot.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum lastunabhängigen Abbremsen des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges, indem beim Ansprechen mindestens eines Sicherheitselementes mindestens ein mit dem Antriebsmotor (4) zusammenwirkender Frequenzumformer (6) so angesteuert wird, daß eine zeitabhängige Bremsrampe (3) aktiviert wird, über welche die Geschwindigkeit (v) des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes im wesentlichen mit gleichbleibender Verzögerung bis auf den Wert 0 m/s gebracht wird.1. Method for braking the step or pallet belt of an escalator or moving walk independently of the load, in that when at least one safety element responds, at least one frequency converter (6) which interacts with the drive motor (4) is activated in such a way that a time-dependent braking ramp (3) is activated over which the speed (v) of the step or pallet belt is brought up to the value 0 m / s essentially with constant deceleration.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß etwa im Zeitpunkt (ti) des Stillstandes des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes eine Stillstandsbremse (9) aktiviert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a standstill brake (9) is activated approximately at the time (ti) of the standstill of the step or pallet belt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Frequenzumformer (6) als Betriebsbremse und die Stillstandsbremse (9) als Sicherheitseinrichtung bei Störungen im Bereich des Frequenzumformers (6) und / oder der Steuerung (5) vorgesehen werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frequency converter (6) as a service brake and the standstill brake (9) are provided as a safety device in the event of faults in the area of the frequency converter (6) and / or the controller (5).
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Abweichungen von der Sollkurve der Bremsrampe (3) die Stillstandsbremse (9) unter Einhaltung des maximalen Bremsweges (b) des Stufen- bzw. Palettenbandes unverzüglich aktiviert wird, wobei die Auswertung mittels eines im Bereich der Steuerung (5) der Rolltreppe bzw. des Rollsteiges vorgesehenen Mikroprozessors erfolgt.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the event of deviations from the target curve of the braking ramp (3), the standstill brake (9) is activated immediately while maintaining the maximum braking distance (b) of the step or pallet belt, the Evaluation is carried out by means of a microprocessor provided in the area of the controller (5) of the escalator or moving walk.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Fehlinformationen sowohl im Bereich des Frequenzumformers (6) als auch im Bereich der Steuerung (5) bei einer vorgebbaren Überwachungszeit die Stillstandsbremse (9) einfällt und der Frequenzumformer (6) vom Antriebsmotor (4) getrennt wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the event of incorrect information both in the area of the frequency converter (6) and in the area of the controller (5) at a predetermined monitoring time, the standstill brake (9) is applied and the frequency converter (6) is separated from the drive motor (4).
6. Bremseinrichtung für das Stufen- bzw. Palettenband einer Rolltreppe bzw. eines Rollsteiges mit einer Betriebsbremse (6) und einer Stillstandsbremse (9), wobei die Betriebsbremse (6) durch mindestens einen mit dem Antriebsmotor (4) in Wirkverbindung stehenden Frequenzumformer (6) gebildet ist und die Stillstandsbremse (9) eine mit Bauteilen des Antriebsmotors (4) in Wirkverbindung bringbare elektro-mechanische Bremse, insbesondere eine Backenbremse, ist.6. Braking device for the step or pallet belt of an escalator or moving walk with a service brake (6) and a standstill brake (9), the service brake (6) being connected by at least one frequency converter (6) that is operatively connected to the drive motor (4) ) is formed and the standstill brake (9) is an electro-mechanical brake that can be brought into operative connection with components of the drive motor (4), in particular a shoe brake.
7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch zusätzliche Sicherheitselemente (19,20) zur Überwachung von Fehlern im Bereich des Frequenzumformers (6) und/oder der mit diesem in Wirkverbindung stehenden Steuerung (5).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized by additional security elements (19, 20) for monitoring errors in the area of the frequency converter (6) and / or the controller (5) which is operatively connected to the latter.
8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzlichen Sicherheitselemente (19,20) durch Abschaltelemente und/oder mechanische und/oder elektrische Zeitglieder gebildet sind. 8. Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the additional security elements (19, 20) are formed by shutdown elements and / or mechanical and / or electrical timers.
EP99906137A 1998-02-02 1999-01-16 Braking device and method for braking escalators or moving walkways Revoked EP1053206B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803899 1998-02-02
DE19803899A DE19803899C2 (en) 1998-02-02 1998-02-02 Process for braking escalators or moving walks and braking device for escalators or moving walks
PCT/EP1999/000230 WO1999038792A1 (en) 1998-02-02 1999-01-16 Braking device and method for braking escalators or moving walkways

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1053206A1 true EP1053206A1 (en) 2000-11-22
EP1053206B1 EP1053206B1 (en) 2002-04-03

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EP99906137A Revoked EP1053206B1 (en) 1998-02-02 1999-01-16 Braking device and method for braking escalators or moving walkways

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US (1) US6273234B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1053206B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3629207B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1116219C (en)
AT (1) ATE215512T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19803899C2 (en)
HK (1) HK1033663A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999038792A1 (en)

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EP1053206B1 (en) 2002-04-03
US6273234B1 (en) 2001-08-14
JP2002501870A (en) 2002-01-22
CN1116219C (en) 2003-07-30
WO1999038792A1 (en) 1999-08-05
CN1288440A (en) 2001-03-21
DE19803899A1 (en) 1999-08-12
DE59901115D1 (en) 2002-05-08
JP3629207B2 (en) 2005-03-16
ATE215512T1 (en) 2002-04-15
DE19803899C2 (en) 2000-04-13
HK1033663A1 (en) 2001-09-14

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