EP1047866A1 - Element de decouplage - Google Patents

Element de decouplage

Info

Publication number
EP1047866A1
EP1047866A1 EP99904703A EP99904703A EP1047866A1 EP 1047866 A1 EP1047866 A1 EP 1047866A1 EP 99904703 A EP99904703 A EP 99904703A EP 99904703 A EP99904703 A EP 99904703A EP 1047866 A1 EP1047866 A1 EP 1047866A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
decoupling element
element according
knitted fabric
metal
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99904703A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Ernst Buck
Reinhard Neumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1047866A1 publication Critical patent/EP1047866A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/10—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F16L27/1004—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations introduced in exhaust pipes for hot gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/10—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F16L27/107—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve
    • F16L27/11—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations
    • F16L27/111—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations the bellows being reinforced
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L51/00—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines
    • F16L51/02—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube
    • F16L51/025—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube with several corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L51/00—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines
    • F16L51/02—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube
    • F16L51/026—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube with interior reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L51/00—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines
    • F16L51/02—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube
    • F16L51/027—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube with external reinforcement

Definitions

  • a decoupling element known from EP-A-0 282 689 consists of a bellows-shaped stainless steel tube which merges into cylindrical sections at both ends.
  • the bellows-shaped pipe is comparatively flexible and, due to the folds, sensitive to tension and pressure.
  • the tube contains a wound spiral hose (agraff hose). So that it does not rub or hit the outer tube, a fleece is inserted between the tube and the tube. This significantly stiffens the decoupling element and increases the weight due to its density.
  • a braided metal hose is covered on the outside. Due to its largely closed shape, this increases the weight considerably and also leads to stiffening.
  • the outer tube also prevents foreign objects from entering between the folds of the tube.
  • EP-A-0 681 096 it is additionally known to produce the outer metal hose from a knitted metal or metal knitted fabric.
  • the known decoupling element can be improved in terms of weight and bending rigidity.
  • a knitted fabric or knitted fabric can be stretched in the direction parallel to the wales, a tube made from it can nevertheless produce the desired tensile strength.
  • the elongation in the longitudinal direction is accompanied by a transverse contraction, which is locked when the hose comes into contact with something inside from the outside, so that a stretch limitation in the longitudinal direction can be generated.
  • the new coupling element saves a lot of weight because the outer tube is a warp knit.
  • Warp knitted fabrics have the property of being very tensile in the direction parallel to the wales, while at the same time the knitted fabric is very open. Due to the open design, relatively little material is required per surface element. In contrast, a knitted fabric would be much denser with the same tensile strength, i.e. it contains more material per surface element and is correspondingly heavier.
  • the warp knitted fabric contains strand and wire for the outer tube, the strand and the wire being fed via different perforated needles. This results in strips lying side by side in the longitudinal direction of the hose, which alternately consist either of only stranded wire or only of wire.
  • the strand gives the coupling element an additional bending elasticity, so that hardly any bending forces can be transmitted through the outer tube.
  • the outer hose prevents foreign bodies from entering between the folds of the pipe.
  • a hose In order to prevent the spiral hose from hitting the corrugated tube, a hose is also used, which, however, can consist of knitted or knitted fabric.
  • This knitted fabric shows a lower weight than a fleece with the same material and, as a result, less hampers the bending movement of the corrugated tube than the latter.
  • the hoses are seamless in the U direction, they expediently consist of a circular knitted fabric or a circular knitted fabric.
  • the wire that is suitable for the material hoses has a wire thickness between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm. It can be hard or semi-hard.
  • the material thickness of the strand in question is between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
  • the strand can be made of metal or mineral fibers.
  • 1 shows the decoupling element according to the invention in a longitudinal section
  • 2 shows a highly schematic section of a knitted tube from which the intermediate layer of the decoupling element according to FIG. 1 is made
  • FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic section of a product hose which is circular knitted from a metal thread and a mineral thread
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged photograph of a portion of a circular knitted fabric made of metal wires and metal braid, in a plan view, and
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged photograph of a portion of a circular knitted fabric made of metal wires and strand made of glass fibers, in a plan view.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic section of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
  • a decoupling element 3 is inserted between an exhaust manifold 1 illustrated as broken off and an exhaust pipe 2 leading away.
  • the decoupling element 3 is shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 and includes a bellows-shaped or corrugated tube 4 made of heat-resistant or heat-resistant metal, the side wall 5 of which runs in an undulating manner, in such a way that rings and constrictions are formed one behind the other, which are at right angles are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the tube 4.
  • the bellows-shaped tube 4 merges into cylindrically smooth sections 8 and 9.
  • the tube 4 is the actual gas-tight element.
  • the knitted fabric can be, for example, a knitted fabric 12, as shown in FIG. 2, or a circular knitted fabric according to FIG. 4 or 5.
  • the knitted fabric 12 consists of one or more threads 14 which are knitted together to form stitches 13.
  • the sequence of stitches based on the illustration in FIG. 2, forms vertically extending wales, while the stitches 13 lying next to one another are referred to as rows of stitches.
  • the knitting is produced by lengthening the wales by adding further stitches 13.
  • the material or the thread 14 is, for example, a metal wire, which is chosen with regard to its material properties so that it maintains a certain mechanical return force at the exhaust gas temperature that prevails in the interior of the decoupling element 3 during operation.
  • the thread 14 has a diameter between 0.05 mm and 1.0 mm.
  • the knitted fabric 12 is made as a tube, i.e. the rows of stitches form a tightly wound screw, while the wales are aligned in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube formed.
  • the mesh structure thus obtained is cut to the appropriate length and extends as a cylindrical structure between sections 8 and 9.
  • the ends of the intermediate layer 11 are each fixed by two tubular support rings 15 and 16 by in this area the intermediate layer 11 is clamped between the relevant support ring 15 or 16 and the cylindrical section 8 or 9.
  • the purpose of the intermediate layer 11 is to prevent the spiral hose 10 and the pipe 4 from coming into direct contact with one another. This would result in noises which are avoided by the intermediate layer.
  • a sheathing 17 which consists of a circular warp knit fabric 18, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the wales 19 run in the figure in the vertical direction.
  • the warp knit is very open and correspondingly light.
  • Metal wire and Meatlllitze used. When knitting, a metal wire runs through several perforated needles, while a strand is fed to each of the other perforated needles, which results in the sequence as shown in FIG. 4. This creates strips of wire and strips of braid in the longitudinal direction of the wales.
  • the openings in the network-like structure which can be seen in the figure have an edge length of approximately 2 mm.
  • FIG. 5 Another suitable material shape is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the knitted fabric consists of metal wires that are separated from each other by glass fiber yarn. Accordingly, there are strips made exclusively of wire and strips made exclusively of glass fiber.
  • the hose-shaped knitted jacket 17 surrounds the tube 5 on the outside.
  • the axial ends of the casing 17 are clamped with tubular clamping rings 20 and 21 on the cylindrical ends 8 and 9 on the outside thereof.
  • the tubular fabric 12 for the intermediate layer 11 is circular knitted from a suitable material on circular knitting machines, or the tubular fabric 18 for the outer casing 17 is knitted round on a circular knitting machine.
  • the hose obtained in this way is cut to the length of the intermediate layer 11 and pulled over the spiral hose 10.
  • the structure is then drawn into the corrugated tube 4 in the longitudinal direction, ie the longitudinal axis of the knitted tube coincides with the longitudinal axis of the metal tube 4 match.
  • one end for example with the aid of the support ring 16, is clamped in the cylindrical section 8 by widening it.
  • the other end is then also fastened in the cylindrical section 18 by means of the ring 15.
  • the length of the intermediate layer 11 to the relaxed tube 4 is dimensioned such that the intermediate layer 11 is under a slight axial tension.
  • the spiral hose 10 is not compressed.
  • the structure thus obtained is then inserted into a previously cut-to-length tube section for the outer jacket 17, the internal width of which is first reduced, for example in the area of the cylindrical section 9, by pulling until the outer jacket 17 is full on the outside of the cylindrical section 9 lies on. Then the ring 20 is put on and pressed. As a result, the relevant end of the casing 17 is fixed on the cylindrical section 9.
  • the corrugated tube 4 is compressed to the desired length by an appropriate tool and the outer jacket 17 is pulled on the other cylindrical section until it is placed under great prestress on the undulating outside of the tube 4, as shown. Then the ring 21 is also pushed on and pressed. The protruding section of the outer casing 17 is cut off and the decoupling element 3 is removed from the pretensioning tool, and after being released from the tool it practically does not change its length because the spring force stored in the corrugated tube 4 from the outer one which is taut around its outside Sheathing 17 is added. Compression forces are absorbed by the spiral hose 10.
  • the outer sheathing 17 consists of a knitted fabric which would otherwise be stretchable in the axial direction, that is to say in the direction parallel to the wales, no stretching can nevertheless occur because the stretching in the longitudinal direction always takes place at the expense of a transverse contraction.
  • the transverse contraction cannot occur because the outer casing 17 is stiffened in the radial direction by the corrugated tube 4.
  • a locking occurs because the pre-stressed corrugated tube 4 wants to stretch the casing 17, but this would have to contract radially so that it could stretch further, which is prevented by the corrugated tube 4 located inside.
  • the outer casing 17 thus runs taut over the radially outward-standing wave crests of the tube wall 5.
  • outer casing 17 With the outer casing 17 it is not important that it has a resilience because it is stiffened from the inside by the tube 4.
  • Mineral material for example ceramic fibers, is therefore also suitable as the material for the outer casing 17, which has a very high temperature resistance and is also very abrasion-resistant. The abrasion movements occurring during operation at the points of intersection of the stitches 13 with the neighboring stitches will not be able to rub through the individual threads as quickly.
  • the coupling element 3 will be able to maintain its pretension over a very long period of time.
  • the outer casing preferably contains 17 mineral fibers.
  • the goods hose for the intermediate layer 11 is also possible to produce the goods hose for the intermediate layer 11 as a plated product, ie the mineral thread 22 is located exclusively on the inside or outside of the hose and does not appear, as shown in FIG. 3, randomly distributed on the inside or on the outside.
  • the inside width of the ring 15 or the ring 16 after the pressing has a diameter which corresponds to the inside width of the spiral hose 10.
  • the rings 15 and 16 project radially inward only in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of simplicity of illustration and better visibility.
  • a stitch-forming process can also be used for the outer sheathing 17, in which the product produced shows a different extensibility in the longitudinal direction of the product than in the circumferential direction, as is the case, for example, with crocheted products.
  • the outer hose 17 can be omitted.
  • the intermediate layer 11 provides both protection against overstretching and rattling protection, which prevents the Agraff hose 10 from striking the inner valleys of the folds 5 of the tube 4.
  • the hose representing the intermediate layer 11 is stretched accordingly during assembly, so that a certain internal prestress is present in the tube 4 after the rings 20, 21 have been put on. Forces which act on the decoupling element 3 and strive to extend it are absorbed by the tubular intermediate layer 11.
  • a particularly good rattle protection results if the intermediate layer 11 is not made from a knitted fabric, but from a warp knitted fabric. It is then possible, seen in the circumferential direction, to use different materials for producing the hose. E.g. can be processed in the circumferential direction at a large distance relatively thick wires, between which relatively wide strips of thin material, e.g. B. strand included.
  • the outer casing 17 also takes over the expansion protection, however, a somewhat fuller material can be used for the intermediate layer 11.
  • a circular knitted fabric impairs the mobility of the tube 4 less and also increases the overall weight of the entire arrangement less compared to a knitted fabric because of the lower material content per surface element.
  • a decoupling element for exhaust systems from combustion voltage motors consists of a corrugated tube in which an agraff hose is arranged. Between the agraff tube and the corrugated tube there is an intermediate layer which is made from a tubular knitted fabric.
  • the knitted fabric for the intermediate layer can be a knitted or knitted fabric.
  • a circular knitted tube is provided on the outside, strips of metal wire and strips of stranded wire being formed in the knitted fabric.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de découplage (3) pour installations d'évacuation des gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne. Cet élément de découplage (3) est constitué d'un tube ondulé (4) dans lequel est disposé un flexible à spirales (10). Entre le flexible à spirales (10) et le tube ondulé (4) se trouve une couche intermédiaire (11) qui est fabriquée à partir d'un tissu maillé tubulaire. Le tissu maillé utilisé pour former la couche intermédiaire (11) peut être un tissu tricoté ou maillé d'une autre façon. Dans une autre forme de réalisation, ledit élément de découplage (3) comporte à l'extérieur une gaine (17) tricotée en rond, des bandes de fil métallique ou des bandes de toron étant imprimées dans le tissu tricoté. Ainsi, la flexibilité du tuyau (4) en forme de soufflet est réduite le moins possible.
EP99904703A 1998-01-14 1999-01-14 Element de decouplage Withdrawn EP1047866A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19801053A DE19801053A1 (de) 1998-01-14 1998-01-14 Entkopplungselement
DE19801053 1998-01-14
PCT/DE1999/000050 WO1999036684A1 (fr) 1998-01-14 1999-01-14 Element de decouplage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1047866A1 true EP1047866A1 (fr) 2000-11-02

Family

ID=7854525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99904703A Withdrawn EP1047866A1 (fr) 1998-01-14 1999-01-14 Element de decouplage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1047866A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19801053A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999036684A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29901957U1 (de) * 1999-02-05 1999-04-22 Witzenmann GmbH Metallschlauch-Fabrik Pforzheim, 75175 Pforzheim Leitungselement für Abgasleitungen von Kraftfahrzeugen
DE10130668A1 (de) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-23 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Abgasbauteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102005052204A1 (de) * 2005-11-02 2007-06-06 Witzenmann Gmbh Flexibles Leitungselement
DE102012216097A1 (de) * 2012-09-12 2014-03-13 Witzenmann Gmbh Entkoppelelement
DE102013100389B4 (de) * 2013-01-15 2015-06-25 Alfred Buck Dämpfungseinrichtung, Sicherungselement und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102014111458A1 (de) 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 Norma Germany Gmbh Fluidleitung
CN111497120A (zh) * 2020-03-28 2020-08-07 重庆朋舟科技有限公司 一种消声器吸音棉金属网骨架的制作方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3424704A1 (de) * 1984-07-05 1986-02-06 Gustav Wahler Gmbh U. Co, 7300 Esslingen Wellrohr
DE3708415A1 (de) * 1987-03-14 1988-09-22 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Flexibles leitungselement fuer abgasleitungen von verbrennungsmotoren
DE4042291A1 (de) * 1990-12-31 1992-07-02 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Flexibles leitungselement fuer abgasleitungen von verbrennungsmotoren bei kraftfahrzeugen
DE4415860A1 (de) * 1994-05-05 1995-11-16 Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab Flexibles Leitungselement für Abgasleitungen von Verbrennungsmotoren bei Kraftfahrzeugen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9936684A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19801053A1 (de) 1999-07-15
WO1999036684A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

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