EP1040268A1 - Turbocompresseur avec soupape de commande de la recirculation des gaz d'echappement de la turbine et soupape de derivation des gaz d'echappement integrees - Google Patents

Turbocompresseur avec soupape de commande de la recirculation des gaz d'echappement de la turbine et soupape de derivation des gaz d'echappement integrees

Info

Publication number
EP1040268A1
EP1040268A1 EP98963992A EP98963992A EP1040268A1 EP 1040268 A1 EP1040268 A1 EP 1040268A1 EP 98963992 A EP98963992 A EP 98963992A EP 98963992 A EP98963992 A EP 98963992A EP 1040268 A1 EP1040268 A1 EP 1040268A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
egr
turbine
chamber
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98963992A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1040268B1 (fr
Inventor
Brian G. Regnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
AlliedSignal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/211,843 external-priority patent/US6000222A/en
Application filed by AlliedSignal Inc filed Critical AlliedSignal Inc
Publication of EP1040268A1 publication Critical patent/EP1040268A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1040268B1 publication Critical patent/EP1040268B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/59—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor
    • F02M26/61—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure
    • F02M26/615—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure the exhaust back pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F02M26/10—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine having means to increase the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake system, e.g. venturis, variable geometry turbines, check valves using pressure pulsations or throttles in the air intake or exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/51—EGR valves combined with other devices, e.g. with intake valves or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of turbochargers and internal combustion engine exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems for emissions improvement and, more particularly, to a turbocharger comprising an EGR control valve and an exhaust gas bypass valve or wastegate valve incorporated as an integral part of the turbocharger.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • Turbochargers for gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines are known devices use in the art for pressurizing or boosting the intake air stream, routed to a combustion chamber of the engine, by using the heat and volumetric flow of exhaust gas exiting the engine.
  • the exhaust gas exiting the engine is routed into a turbine housing of a turbocharger in a manner that causes an exhaust gas-driven turbine to spin within the housing.
  • the exhaust gas-driven turbine is mounted onto one end of a shaft that is common to a radial air compressor mounted onto an opposite end of the shaft.
  • rotary action of the turbine also causes the air compressor to spin within a compressor housing of the turbocharger that is separate from the exhaust housing.
  • the spinning action of the air compressor causes intake air to enter the compressor housing and be pressurized or boosted a desired amount before it is mixed with fuel and combusted within the engine combustion chamber.
  • the amount by which the intake air is boosted or pressurized is controlled by regulating the amount of exhaust gas that is passed through the turbine housing by an exhaust bypass system or wastegate.
  • the wastegate is actuated, during turbocharger operation when the boost pressure is approaching a maximum desired pressure, to divert an amount of exhaust gas away from the turbocharger turbine housing to reduce the rotational speed of the turbine and, thereby reduce the rotational speed of the air compressor and reduce the amount by which the intake air is pressurized.
  • EGR is a known method for reducing NOX emissions in internal combustion engines.
  • an EGR system must overcome the adverse pressure gradient created by a positive pressure gradient across the engine, which is typical for example of modern high-efficiency diesel engines in at least a portion of their operating range.
  • a conventional EGR system comprises a control valve that regulates the amount of exhaust gas that is taken from an engine exhaust manifold and returned to an engine induction system for mixing with the intake air and subsequent combustion.
  • the EGR control valve is an ancillary device that is separate from both the engine and turbocharger.
  • the conventional EGR system also includes a pump, separate from the turbocharger and engine, that increases the pressure of the returned exhaust gas routed by the EGR control valve to the induction system, to match the intake air charge or boost pressure exiting the turbocharger, thereby overcoming the positive pressure gradient across the engine.
  • Modern engine compartments especially those of turbocharged internal combustion engines, are configured having minimal space for devices ancillary to the engine itself, thereby making use of such conventional EGR systems, comprising a separate control valve, pump, and exhaust and intake manifold bypasses, and related manifolding and plumbing difficult and sometimes impossible.
  • one or more devices of an EGR system be constructed as an integral member of an existing component of a turbocharged internal combustion engine, to thereby enable use of an EGR system within the spatial confines of a modern engine compartment.
  • the component of a turbocharged internal combustion engine be adapted to incorporate at least one device of an EGR system therein both without sacrificing performance of the engine component itself, and in a manner that provides enhanced EGR system operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective first side view of a turbocharger turbine housing elbow casting constructed according to principles of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the turbocharger turbine housing constructed according to principles of this invention.
  • a turbocharger constructed according to principles of this invention, comprises an exhaust valve disposed within an exhaust gas outlet casting of a turbocharger commonly identified as a turbine housing elbow casting, an EGR control valve disposed within the turbocharger turbine housing, and an exhaust bypass or wastegate valve also disposed within the turbocharger turbine housing.
  • the exhaust valve is actuated to control the amount of exhaust back pressure in the turbine housing to provide a desired exhaust gas flow through the EGR control valve and out of the turbocharger turbine housing when the EGR control valve is actuated.
  • the exhaust bypass valve is actuated to control the amount of exhaust gas routed through the turbine housing, thereby allowing the turbocharger to pressurize or boost the engine intake air a desired amount.
  • the combination of both an EGR control valve and an exhaust gas bypass or wastegate valve as integral units to the turbocharger is an alternative embodiment of the invention disclosed in the patent application carrying docket number 900-97-013P entitled Integral
  • a turbocharger turbine elbow casting 10 incorporates an exhaust valve 12 that is rotatably disposed within an exhaust gas outlet 14 extending through the elbow casting.
  • the exhaust valve 12 can be of conventional design, and is preferably in the form of a butterfly valve having a diaphragm diameter that is similar to that of the outlet 14, and that is disposed diametrically therein.
  • the exhaust valve 12 is actuated within the outlet to restrict the flow of exhaust gas passing therethrough by conventional actuating means 16, such as by a pneumatic, electric or vacuum actuator.
  • the actuating means 16 is in the form of a vacuum actuator that is connected to the exhaust valve by an actuating piston 18 attached at one end to stem 20 extending radially from the exhaust valve 12.
  • the actuating means 16 is attached to the turbine elbow casting by a suitable mounting plate 22.
  • the turbine elbow casting 10 is adapted, along a mating surface 24, to be attached to a complementary surface of a turbocharger turbine housing.
  • the turbine elbow casting mating surface 24 includes an EGR chamber 26 that is incorporated therein, and that is separated from the exhaust gas outlet 14 by wall 27.
  • the EGR chamber 26 is configured having a size and depth sufficient to accommodate movement of an EGR control valve therein.
  • the turbine elbow casting includes an outer-facing or backside surface (not shown) that is adapted to facilitate attachment of an EGR conduit or device (not shown) to the EGR chamber 26, and that includes and EGR passage 28 extending therethrough from the EGR chamber.
  • the turbine elbow casting 10 also includes an exhaust bypass chamber 30 that is incorporated therein and that is in communication with and extends radially from the exhaust outlet 14.
  • the bypass chamber 30 is configured having a size and depth sufficient to accommodate movement of a bypass valve therein.
  • FIG.2 illustrates a turbocharger turbine housing 32 constructed according to principles of this invention.
  • the turbine housing 32 includes an exhaust gas inlet (not shown) extending radially through the housing that is flanged to accommodate attachment to an internal combustion engine exhaust manifold.
  • the turbine housing 32 includes a central opening 34 that extends axially therethrough.
  • the turbine housing is adapted to contain a turbocharger exhaust gas-driven turbine therein.
  • the turbine includes radially extending blades that are disposed within a turbine housing volute and that are contacted with exhaust gas entering the turbine housing exhaust gas inlet.
  • the turbine housing is illustrated without a turbine disposed therein for purposes of clarity and reference. However, it is to be understood that the turbocharger turbine housing of this invention is intended to be used with parts conventional to turbochargers.
  • the turbine housing 32 includes a mating surface 36 that is adapted to mate with the complementary mating surface 24 of the turbine elbow casting 10, and that includes an EGR chamber 38 disposed therein.
  • the EGR chamber 38 is configured having sufficient size and depth to incorporate an EGR control valve 40 therein.
  • the EGR chamber 38 is separated from the turbine housing central opening 34 by wall 42.
  • the EGR chamber 38 includes an exhaust gas passage 44 that extends through a wall surface 46 of the EGR chamber and that passes to a turbine housing volute.
  • the EGR control valve 40 is disposed within the EGR chamber 38 in a manner so that it seats against the exhaust gas passage 44 to prevent flow of exhaust gas therefrom when in a non-actuated state.
  • the EGR control valve can be of conventional type, and in a preferred embodiment is in the form of a flapper valve comprising a poppet or diaphragm 48 positioned over the exhaust gas passage to prevent the passage of exhaust gas therefrom.
  • An actuator arm 50 is attached at one of its ends to the diaphragm 48 and passes through an opening 52 in a wall section 54 of the EGR chamber 38.
  • the actuator arm 50 is configured at an end 56 opposite the diaphragm 48 to accommodate attachment with a suitable actuating means (not shown), such as those described above useful for actuating the exhaust valve.
  • the actuator arm 50 is configured to permit actuation of the EGR control valve diaphragm 48, to open and close the exhaust gas passage, by rotational movement of the actuating arm within the opening 52 caused by actuating end 56.
  • the placement or seating of the EGR valve diaphragm 48 over the exhaust gas passage 44 prevents exhaust gas within the turbine housing volute from exiting therefrom during operation of the turbocharger.
  • the EGR valve 40 is actuated, e.g., in response to a control signal sent from an EGR controller or the like to an EGR control valve actuating means 16.
  • the EGR control valve 40 is actuated after the exhaust valve 12 has been actuated to restrict the flow path of exhaust gas exiting from the central opening 34 through the turbine housing 32 via the exhaust gas outlet 14.
  • the EGR control valve 40 is actuated so that the diaphragm 48 is moved away from the exhaust gas passage 44, thereby permitting exhaust gas to be routed from the turbine volute, through the turbine housing EGR chamber 38, through the turbine elbow casting EGR chamber 26, and to an EGR device or EGR system plumbing attached to the turbine elbow casting backside surface.
  • the exhaust gas removed from the turbocharger is then suitably treated, e.g., pressurized and adjusted for correct fuel to air ratio, for introduction into the intake air stream of the internal combustion engine.
  • the turbine housing 32 also includes an exhaust bypass chamber 58 that is in exhaust flow communication with, and that extends radially away from, the turbine housing central opening 34.
  • the bypass chamber 58 is configured having sufficient size and depth to incorporate an exhaust bypass valve 60 therein.
  • the bypass chamber 58 is separated from the EGR chamber 38 by wall 42.
  • the bypass chamber 58 includes an exhaust gas passage 62 that extends through a wall surface 64 of the bypass chamber and turbine housing for communication to a turbine housing volute.
  • the bypass valve 60 is disposed within the bypass chamber 58 to seat against the exhaust gas passage 62 to prevent flow of exhaust gas therefrom when in a non-actuated state.
  • the bypass valve can be of conventional type, and in a preferred embodiment is in the form of a flapper valve comprising a poppet or diaphragm 66 positioned over the exhaust gas passage to prevent the passage of exhaust gas therefrom.
  • An actuator arm 68 is attached at one of its ends to the bypass valve diaphragm 66 and passes through an opening 70 in a wall section 54 of the EGR chamber 38.
  • the bypass valve actuator arm 68 passes through a sleeve 72 that extends through the EGR chamber from wall section 44 to wall section 54.
  • the actuator arm 68 is configured at an end 74 opposite the bypass valve diaphragm 66 to accommodate attachment with a suitable actuating means (not shown), such as those described above useful for actuating the exhaust and EGR control valves.
  • the actuator arm 68 is configured to permit actuation of the bypass valve diaphragm 66, to open and close the exhaust gas passage 62, by rotational movement of the actuating arm within the opening 70 and sleeve 72 caused by actuating end 74.
  • the placement or seating of the exhaust bypass valve diaphragm 66 over the exhaust gas passage 62 prevents exhaust gas within the turbine housing volute from exiting therefrom.
  • the bypass valve 60 is actuated, e.g., in response to a control signal sent to a bypass valve actuating means from an intake manifold pressure sensor during turbocharger operating conditions causing the intake air pressure to be greater than desired. Once actuated, the bypass valve 60 permits the passage of exhaust gas from the turbine volute, through the exhaust gas passage 62, and into the turbine housing central opening 34 where it allowed to exit the turbocharger via the turbine elbow casting exhaust gas outlet 14.
  • the removal of exhaust gas from the turbine housing volute during operation of the turbocharger reduces the volumetric flowrate of exhaust gas through the volute and onto the turbine blades, reducing the rotational speed of the turbine and, thereby reducing the rotational speed of the air compressor and the amount by which the intake air leaving the combustion housing of the turbocharger is pressurized.
  • the exhaust bypass valve may be actuated to seal or regulate the amount by which the exhaust gas passage 60 is covered.
  • turbocharger turbine housing and turbine elbow casting constructed according to principles of this invention, are attached together according to conventional practice and are combined with other parts conventionally associated with turbochargers to provide a turbocharger for internal combustion engines that incorporates an exhaust valve, an EGR control valve, and an exhaust bypass or wastegate valve therein.
  • a feature of this invention is that both the EGR control valve and the exhaust bypass valve is incorporated into the construction of the turbocharger itself, rather than being an individual device ancillary to engine and turbocharger, thereby avoiding the need for additional space within an engine compartment and maximizing the limited space available within modern engine compartments.
  • the turbocharger turbine housing and turbine elbow casting constructed according to principles of this invention, incorporates the EGR control valve and the exhaust bypass valve therein in a manner that does not adversely impact turbocharger or EGR control valve performance.
  • the EGR control valve and bypass control valves are mounted in the turbine housing and the EGR chambers and bypass chambers are sized to cooperatively accommodate actuation of the valves and provide the required flow paths.
  • one or both valves are mounted in the elbow casting and the bypass chambers and EGR chambers of the elbow casting and turbine housing are adjusted in size accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un turbocompresseur qui comprend une chambre de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (26) et une soupape (40) intégrées dans l'enceinte coulée de la turbine, associées à un système classique de dérivation de charge des gaz d'échappement. Une soupape (18) de régulation de la contre-pression des gaz d'échappement faisant aussi partie intégrante de la sortie de gaz d'échappement permet de réguler le débit de RGE dans la chambre.
EP98963992A 1997-12-18 1998-12-16 Turbocompresseur avec soupape de commande de la recirculation des gaz d'echappement de la turbine et soupape de derivation des gaz d'echappement integrees Expired - Lifetime EP1040268B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6815897P 1997-12-18 1997-12-18
US68158P 1997-12-18
US211843 1998-12-15
US09/211,843 US6000222A (en) 1997-12-18 1998-12-15 Turbocharger with integral turbine exhaust gas recirculation control valve and exhaust gas bypass valve
PCT/US1998/026760 WO1999031376A1 (fr) 1997-12-18 1998-12-16 Turbocompresseur avec soupape de commande de la recirculation des gaz d'echappement de la turbine et soupape de derivation des gaz d'echappement integrees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1040268A1 true EP1040268A1 (fr) 2000-10-04
EP1040268B1 EP1040268B1 (fr) 2002-07-10

Family

ID=26748640

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98963992A Expired - Lifetime EP1040268B1 (fr) 1997-12-18 1998-12-16 Turbocompresseur avec soupape de commande de la recirculation des gaz d'echappement de la turbine et soupape de derivation des gaz d'echappement integrees

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1040268B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002508473A (fr)
CN (1) CN1284152A (fr)
AU (1) AU1920699A (fr)
BR (1) BR9815818A (fr)
DE (1) DE69806506T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999031376A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101649773B (zh) * 2009-08-27 2011-10-12 芜湖杰锋汽车动力系统有限公司 汽油机增压器旁通阀
US20110067680A1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-24 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Turbocharger and Air Induction System Incorporating the Same and Method of Making and Using the Same
US8573929B2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2013-11-05 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger with turbine nozzle vanes and an annular rotary bypass valve
DE102011077766A1 (de) 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Elringklinger Ag Betätigungseinrichtung für ein Abgasstrom-Steuerelement eines Abgasturboladers
WO2012176887A1 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 株式会社Ihi Système de surcompression à multiples étages
JP5919663B2 (ja) 2011-07-15 2016-05-18 株式会社Ihi 多段過給システム
CN102392732A (zh) * 2011-09-24 2012-03-28 无锡威孚英特迈增压技术有限公司 用于两级增压的多阀门旁通阀装置
US10047760B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2018-08-14 Honeywell International Inc. Turbine wastegate plug
CN106523138B (zh) * 2016-12-09 2019-11-12 江苏多为机械工业有限公司 一种汽车发动机涡轮增压器弯接头及其生产工艺
CN109505695B (zh) * 2018-12-30 2024-05-31 江西腾勒动力有限公司 一种保护发动机涡轮增压器的废气旁通装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2901041A1 (de) * 1979-01-12 1980-07-17 Daimler Benz Ag Abgasturbolader
JPS55123344A (en) * 1979-03-12 1980-09-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Exhaust gas reflex apparatus for diesel engine
JPS5746028A (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-03-16 Hitachi Ltd Controller for supercharger of internal combustion engine
AT403616B (de) * 1991-09-02 1998-04-27 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Brennkraftmaschine mit einem einlass- und einem auslasssystem, einem abgasturbolader sowie einem druckspeicher
DE4312078C2 (de) * 1993-04-13 1995-06-01 Daimler Benz Ag Abgasturbolader für eine aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9931376A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69806506T2 (de) 2002-12-12
EP1040268B1 (fr) 2002-07-10
JP2002508473A (ja) 2002-03-19
WO1999031376A1 (fr) 1999-06-24
CN1284152A (zh) 2001-02-14
BR9815818A (pt) 2001-12-26
AU1920699A (en) 1999-07-05
DE69806506D1 (de) 2002-08-14

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