EP1037313B1 - Buchsenverbinder mit Zugentlastungsvorrichtungen und Montageverfahren für PCB - Google Patents

Buchsenverbinder mit Zugentlastungsvorrichtungen und Montageverfahren für PCB Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1037313B1
EP1037313B1 EP00400618A EP00400618A EP1037313B1 EP 1037313 B1 EP1037313 B1 EP 1037313B1 EP 00400618 A EP00400618 A EP 00400618A EP 00400618 A EP00400618 A EP 00400618A EP 1037313 B1 EP1037313 B1 EP 1037313B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connector
input
cable
printed circuit
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00400618A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1037313A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Pham-Van
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FCI Besancon SA
Original Assignee
FCI Besancon SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FCI Besancon SA filed Critical FCI Besancon SA
Publication of EP1037313A1 publication Critical patent/EP1037313A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1037313B1 publication Critical patent/EP1037313B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H01R4/2404—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having teeth, prongs, pins or needles penetrating the insulation
    • H01R4/2412—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having teeth, prongs, pins or needles penetrating the insulation actuated by insulated cams or wedges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/721—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures cooperating directly with the edge of the rigid printed circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical female connector. It particularly finds use in the field of telephony and computer applications. Here, it especially allows to establish a connection between a cable and a printed circuit.
  • the established connection is an electric connection.
  • the two elements are a male plug and a female socket, the former being fitted onto the cable, the latter being fitted onto the printed circuit. More generally, they will be referred to as a connector and a complementary connector, when connected, these two elements are joined together both mechanically and electrically.
  • the provision of such type of connection involves fitting one of these elements onto a cable, fitting the other element onto the printed circuit, and finally joining the two elements together to establish the electric connection.
  • the female connector is fitted onto the printed circuit by welding. It has a receptacle for accommodating a male plug.
  • the male plug is fitted and firmly connected onto the end of the cable.
  • the female connector and the male plug can be reversibly connected.
  • Such connector has a main drawback.
  • the main drawback consists in the number of actions required to establish the connection between the cable and the printed circuit. Hence, the use of such connection is not practical.
  • a secondary drawback is the connector size. Miniaturized parts generally have more complex constructions than larger parts. In this case, the problem is twofold, because two elements have to be fabricated.
  • the solution provided by the invention consists in conceiving a connector according to claim 1. It has two inputs. A first input is for accommodating a cable, the second input is for introduction therein of an edge of a printed circuit.
  • Such connector has contacts in the receptacles between the two inputs. The contacts have two ends. A first end projects into a cavity of the second input. A cable, preferably not completely bare, may be introduced in the cavity of the first input. A printed circuit with metal plating along one of its edges, may be introduced in the cavity of the second input. A first end of the contacts comes in contact with the conductors of the cable. A second end of the contacts rests on the metal plating. The connection between the printed circuit and the cable is thus established.
  • the connector has strain-relieving devices allowing to hold the cable in place. It also has devices allowing to establish an insulation displacement connection with the insulated conductors of the cable. This insulation displacement connection is preferably established by moving one of the strain-relieving devices towards the first end of the contacts.
  • the second input has a clamp-shaped cavity. A lower jaw of this clamp supports a printed circuit whose metal plating comes to abut against the tongues of the second end of the contacts.
  • the invention further relates to a process for mounting a female connector onto a cable and onto a printed circuit.
  • the connector is first connected to an insulation-displaced cable. Insulated conductors of the cable are introduced in the connector together with a portion of the insulation-displaced cable.
  • the insulation-displaced cable is held in place inside the connector by a first movable device, which is in the closed position.
  • the insulated conductors are bared through a second movable insulation displacement device, which is also brought to a closed position.
  • This insulation displacement device forces the insulated conductors against the teeth of the first end of a contact contained in the connector. Hence, the cable is held in the connector, and the connection between the conductors of the cable and the contacts of the connector is thus established.
  • the connector thus attached to the cable is thereafter inserted in an aperture of a receptacle containing a printed circuit.
  • the connector attached to the cable is held in the aperture of the receptacle by an elastic lever.
  • the printed circuit held inside the receptacle is introduced into the second input of the connector. Tongues provided at the second end of the contacts, projecting into the second input of the connector can come in contact with the metal plating of the printed circuit.
  • the invention relates to a process for mounting a female connector which connects a cable and a printed circuit, characrerized in that it includes the following steps:
  • the female connector of the invention is shown in figure 1.
  • the connector comprises a body 1, a first input 2, and a second input 3.
  • the body 1 as a whole has the shape of a parallelepiped.
  • the first input 2 opens out a face 4 of the parallelepiped formed by the body 1.
  • the second input 3 opens out a second face 5 of the parallelepiped formed by the body 1, opposite to the face 4.
  • the two faces 4 and 5 may be parallel.
  • the first input 2 accommodates a cable 6 introduced therein.
  • the cable 6 is partially bared, and exposes its conductors 7,
  • the conductors 7 are preferably still covered by their insulating sheath.
  • the second input 3 is clamp-shaped. This clamp is in the open position. It can accommodate, a printed circuit 8 introduced therein.
  • the printed circuit 8 has a metal plating 9. This metal plating 9 is provided along the edge of the printed circuit which is introduced into the clamp of the body 1.
  • the body 1 further has receptacles 10 extending between the first input 2 and the second input 3.
  • Contacts 11 are housed inside the receptacles 10.
  • the contacts 11 extend from the first input 2 to the second input 3.
  • the connector comprises several contacts like 11. These are preferably parallel to each other in their respective receptacles. However, due to the size of the metal plating 9 or of conductors 7, these receptacles and contacts can be arranged in a fan shape.
  • the connector has three receptacles 10 and three contacts 11.
  • a contact 11 is shown in figure 4.
  • the contact 11 has an elongated shape.
  • the contact 11 has a flat shape. It has two ends with respect to its elongated shape.
  • the contact 11 has a mortise 13 and an insulation displacement tip 14.
  • the insulation displacement tip 14 consists of two teeth 14.1 and 14.2.
  • the two teeth 14.1 and 14.2 are aligned and pierce the core of the conductor at its center.
  • the latter has a tongue 16.
  • the tongue 16 is folded over the extension which connects the first end 12 to the second end 15.
  • the tongue 16 has elastic properties and can be substantially movable within the plane formed by the contact 11.
  • the contact 11 is held inside a receptacle 10 of the body 1. In this receptacle 10, it is held in position by a mortise 13. The mortise 13 is engaged, for instance, with a tenon provided at the end of a receptacle 10.
  • the contact 10 is slid from the face 5 of the second input 3, into the receptacle 10 up to engagement of the mortise with the tenon.
  • the contact is fastened by one or more bosses 15.1, formed on the side walls of the contact 11, preferably on the front part, as shown in figures 3 and 4, so that the contact can be fastened in the receptacle 10 over a short distance, when the longest part of the contact 11 is inserted inside the receptacle 10.
  • the contact 11 can also be included in the material of the body 1, upon molding of said body. In this case, the receptacle is naturally formed around the contact 11.
  • the tongues 16 project into a cavity 17 formed by the second input 3.
  • the tongues 16 are curved.
  • the distance between a low end of the tongue and a lower jaw 18 of the second input 3 is smaller than the thickness of an edge of the printed circuit 8. Therefore, when a printed circuit 8 is inserted, the tongues 16 are forced against the printed circuit 8.
  • the cavity 17 is delimited by the lower jaw 18, an upper jaw 19 and an edge 20.
  • the edge 20, at the bottom of the cavity 17, separates in a non integral manner the first input 2 from the second input 3.
  • the lower jaw 18 is used as a support for accommodating the printed circuit 8.
  • the distance between the upper jaw 19 and the lower jaw 18 is greater than the thickness of an edge of a printed circuit.
  • the jaw 19 is notched by the receptacles 10 to allow the introduction of the contacts 11.
  • the curved tongue 16 of a contact extends beyond a plane formed by the base of the upper jaw 19.
  • the first input 2 also forms a cavity 21 having an upper part 22 and a lower part 23.
  • the cavity 21 also has side walls 24.
  • the side walls 24, the upper part 22 and the lower part 23 delimit a cavity for accommodating a cable 6.
  • the lower part 23 has two movable stops 25 and 26.
  • the movable stops 25 and 26 have a triangular profile. Each of them is fastened to the body 1 by one edge only.
  • the movable stop 25 is fastened thereto by an edge 27 and the stop 26 by an edge 28.
  • the edges 27 and 28 act as hinges of the stops 25 and 26 respectively.
  • Such a hinging effect is obtaining by making the body 1 and the stops 25 and 26 integrally from a plastic material, for example polycarbonate.
  • the stop 26 has the characteristic that one of its edges has notches 29 formed therein. The notches 29 are formed in an edge parallel to the hinge edge 28.
  • the stop 25 is a strain-relieving device. This device allows to keep the cable 6 in position inside the body 1.
  • the main function of the device 26 is to establish the electric connection by removing the insulator of the conductors 7 of the cable 6 between the teeth 14.1 and 14.2, but it also acts as a strain-relieving device.
  • the hinges 27 and 28 Before fitting the connector onto a cable 6, the hinges 27 and 28 are in the open position, as shown in figure1. Figure 3 shows them in the closed position. In the open position, the stops 25 and 26 are not inside the cavity 21.
  • the connection of a cable in such connector is established by moving the stops 25 and 26 from an open position to a closed position.
  • the stops 25 and 26 exert a stress on the cable 6 and on the conductors 7 respectively, and displace the insulation of the conductors.
  • the stop 25 has two faces 27.1 and 27.2, sharing the edge 27.
  • the face 27.1 is parallel to the lower part 23.
  • the face 27.2 is parallel to the lower part 23, and rests on an edge 23.1 of the lower part 23.
  • the stop 26 also has two faces 28.1 and 28.2 sharing the edge 28, and having the same orientations as the stop 25 in the open and closed positions.
  • the stops 25 and 26 are integral with the lower part 23, so that the edges 27 and 28 are the closest edges to the edge 20 separating the cavity 20 from the cavity 17.
  • the notches 29 of the stop 26 have a semicircular shape. Each of these notches 29 is to accommodate a conductor 7 of the cable 6.
  • the semicircle formed by the notches 29 has, for example, the same radius as the conductors 7 of the cable 6.
  • the receptacles 10 include a housing, for example also having a semicircular shape, for a conductor 7.
  • Figure 2b shows a conductor with its insulating sheath 7.1 and its conductive core 7.2 engaged in these notches and housings.
  • the body 1 of the connector is to be mounted in an aperture 30 of a receptacle 31 containing the printed circuit 8, whereon the connector is to be fitted.
  • the body 1 has an elastic lever 32 on an upper, or lower, face.
  • the upper face of the body 1 consists of the upper jaw 19 and of the upper part 22.
  • the metal plating 9 of the printed circuit 8 has to face the aperture 30 of the receptacle 31 which contains the printed circuit 8.
  • the metal plating 9 may also be held by a rigid tongue projecting out of the printed circuit, which would be narrower than the aperture 30.
  • the process for mounting this connector, in accordance with the invention, onto a cable 6 at one end and onto a printed circuit 8 at the other end only includes two main steps.
  • a first step consists in fitting the cable 6 into the connector.
  • the cable 6 has to be bared over a length of a few millimeters, preferably 5 to 10 millimeters.
  • the conductors 7 of the cable 6 are thus exposed.
  • the conductors 7 are nor bared, the sheaths 7.1 covering the cores 7.2.
  • the cable 6 and the conductors 7 are introduced by the insulation-displaced end into the first input 2 of the body 1 of the connector.
  • the cable is slightly squeezed by hand to place the conductors 7 on the same plane, parallel to each other.
  • the conductors 7 are thus introduced into the cavity 21 of the first input 2.
  • Each conductor 7 is inserted between the ends of the teeth 14.1 and 14.2 of each contact 11 comprised in the body 1 of the connector.
  • the two teeth are slightly spaced on either side of a plane formed by a contact.
  • the spacing between the teeth 14.1 and 14.2 partly acts as a guide for the connectors 7.
  • the cable is then maintained in its position inside the cavity 21 by rotating the stop 25.
  • the stop is thereby moved to a closed position.
  • the stop 25 is forced against the cable 6 and held in that position by the lower part 23 of the first input 2.
  • the actual electric connection between the conductors 7 and the contacts11 is established by rotating the stop 26.
  • the stop 26 pushes its notches 29 against the conductors 7.
  • the pressure exerted by the stop forced against these conductors is such that the conductors 7 are locally bared by the sharp edges of the teeth 14.1 and 14.2. Therefore, these conductors come in electric contact with the contacts 11.
  • the connection is termed insulation displacement connection or insulator removing connection.
  • the connector attached to the cable is fitted onto a printed circuit 8.
  • the printed circuit 8 is held inside a receptacle 31which has an aperture 30. An edge of the printed circuit 8 overhangs near this aperture.
  • the metal plating 9 of the printed circuit 8 which contacts the connector is provided at the edge of the printed circuit 8 in front of the aperture.
  • the jaws 18 and 19 of the second input are to surround the printed circuit 8.
  • the elastic lever 32 is lowered to allow the introduction of the body 1 into the aperture 30 of the receptacle.
  • the elastic lever 32 has an automatic lowering ramp. The introduction of the body 1 is such that the jaw 18 is under the printed circuit and the jaw 19 is over it.
  • the lever is then released So as to hold the connector, with the cable attached thereto, in its position around the printed circuit 8.
  • a lock consisting of a release 33 of the lever 32 rests on an edge of the aperture 30.
  • the tongues 16 of the contacts 11 are pushed upwards by the thickness of the printed circuit 8. This movement forces the tongues 16 against the metal plating 9.
  • the connection is thereby established between a cable 6 and a printed circuilt 8.

Landscapes

  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Elektrischer Buchsenverbinder mit einem Körper (1), wobei dieser Körper einen ersten Eingang (2) zur Unterbringung der Verbinder (7) eines Kabels (6), einen zweiten, klemmenförmigen Eingang (3) zur Unterbringung einer Kante einer gedruckten Schaltung (8), Aufnahmen (10) in diesem Körper und Kontakte (11) aufweist, die sich in den Aufnahmen des Körpers vom ersten Eingang zum zweiten Eingang vorzugsweise parallel zueinander erstrecken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er zwei bewegliche, zugentlastende Vorrichtungen (25, 26) auf der gleichen Seite des ersten Eingangs aufweist, die je mit einer Kante (27, 28) am Verbinderkörper befestigt sind, wobei jede Kante ein Drehgelenk bildet, um das die zugentlastende Vorrichtung drehen kann.
  2. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Kontakt im ersten Eingang ein abisolierendes Teil (14) und im zweiten Eingang eine elastische Zunge (16) aufweist.
  3. Verbinder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das abisolierende Teil auf jeder Seite einer von einem Kontakt gebildeten Ebene zwei geringfügig beabstandete Zähne (14.1, 14.2) aufweist.
  4. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kontaktzunge eine gekrümmte Form hat und in einen Hohlraum einer oberen Backe (19) der Klemme des zweiten Eingangs ragt.
  5. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontakte ein Zapfenloch (13) aufweisen, um in ihren jeweiligen Aufnahmen gehalten zu werden.
  6. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine erste zugentlastende Vorrichtung von einer offenen Stellung in eine geschlossene Stellung bewegt werden kann, wobei eine Kante der ersten zugentlastenden Vorrichtung in einer geschlossenen Stellung gegen ein Kabel gedrückt wird, das vom ersten Eingang her eingeführt ist.
  7. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zweite zugentlastende Vorrichtung in einer ihrer Kanten Kerben (29) aufweist, und daß diese zweite zugentlastende Vorrichtung von einer offenen Stellung in eine geschlossene Stellung bewegt werden kann, wobei die mit den Kerben versehene Kante in Zusammenwirkung mit halbkreisförmigen Einschnitten der Aufnahme Verbinder aufnimmt.
  8. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper einen Hebel (32) mit einem elastischen Riegel (33) zur Einführung in eine Öffnung (30) einer Aufnahme (31) aufweist, in der sich die gedruckte Schaltung befindet.
  9. Buchsenverbinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontakte vorzugsweise an einem Ende einen Vorsprung (15.1) zum Halt innerhalb der Aufnahmen aufweisen.
  10. Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Buchsenverbinders (1), der ein Kabel (6) und eine gedruckte Schaltung (8) verbindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    Abisolierung des Kabels, um die noch von ihrer Isolierhülle (7.1) umgebenen Leiter (7) freizulegen,
    Einführen des Kabels mit seinem abisolierten Ende in einen ersten Eingang (2) des Verbinders,
    Bewegen einer ersten zugentlastenden, mit Gelenk versehenen Vorrichtung (25) dieses Verbinders von einer offenen Stellung in eine geschlossene Stellung, wobei das Kabel gegen die Innenseite eines von diesem ersten Eingang gebildeten Hohlraum gedrückt wird, und gleichzeitiges Bewegen einer zweiten zugentlastenden Vorrichtung (26) dieses Verbinders aus einer offenen Stellung in eine geschlossene Stellung, wobei die isolierten Leiter des Kabels gegen ein Ende von Abisolierungskontakten (14) gedrückt werden, die innerhalb des Verbinders gehalten werden,
    Aufspannen eines zweiten, klemmenförmigen Eingangs (3) des Verbinders um eine Kante einer gedruckten Schaltung;
    Drücken einer Zunge (16) eines Kontakts gegen die Metallbeschichtung der gedruckten Schaltung.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    Drücken eines elastischen Hebels (32) des Verbinders zum Einführen dieses Verbinders in eine Öffnung (31) einer eine gedruckte Schaltung enthaltenden Aufnahme;
    Loslassen des Hebels, um einen Riegel des Hebels auf einer Kante der Öffnung ruhen zu lassen.
EP00400618A 1999-03-18 2000-03-07 Buchsenverbinder mit Zugentlastungsvorrichtungen und Montageverfahren für PCB Expired - Lifetime EP1037313B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9903387A FR2791184B1 (fr) 1999-03-18 1999-03-18 Connecteur femelle et procede de montage de ce connecteur
FR9903387 1999-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1037313A1 EP1037313A1 (de) 2000-09-20
EP1037313B1 true EP1037313B1 (de) 2002-09-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00400618A Expired - Lifetime EP1037313B1 (de) 1999-03-18 2000-03-07 Buchsenverbinder mit Zugentlastungsvorrichtungen und Montageverfahren für PCB

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1037313B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE225088T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60000486T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2791184B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051286A1 (de) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Kontaktiereinrichtung für Leiterplatten

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006003616B4 (de) * 2005-01-25 2012-08-30 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Zugentlastungseinrichtung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5562478A (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-10-08 Yazaki Corporation Joint connector and a method of assembling a joint connector

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8505576D0 (en) * 1985-03-05 1985-04-03 Molex Inc Electrical connector
NL8503347A (nl) * 1985-12-04 1987-07-01 Du Pont Nederland Connector.
JP2627908B2 (ja) * 1986-06-13 1997-07-09 アンプ インコーポレーテッド Ｌａｎアウトレット用リセプタクル組立体およびそれに使用するデータコネクタ
JPH04149974A (ja) * 1990-09-28 1992-05-22 Taiwan Toho Kofun Yugenkoshi コネクタ装置

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5562478A (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-10-08 Yazaki Corporation Joint connector and a method of assembling a joint connector

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051286A1 (de) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Kontaktiereinrichtung für Leiterplatten
DE102008051286B4 (de) 2008-10-10 2020-01-09 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Kontaktiereinrichtung für Leiterplatten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2791184B1 (fr) 2001-06-08
DE60000486D1 (de) 2002-10-31
ATE225088T1 (de) 2002-10-15
EP1037313A1 (de) 2000-09-20
FR2791184A1 (fr) 2000-09-22
DE60000486T2 (de) 2003-07-31

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