EP1033173B1 - Zentrifuge mit Kühlung mittels Ranque-Rohr - Google Patents

Zentrifuge mit Kühlung mittels Ranque-Rohr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1033173B1
EP1033173B1 EP00400470A EP00400470A EP1033173B1 EP 1033173 B1 EP1033173 B1 EP 1033173B1 EP 00400470 A EP00400470 A EP 00400470A EP 00400470 A EP00400470 A EP 00400470A EP 1033173 B1 EP1033173 B1 EP 1033173B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
centrifuge according
locking
valve
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00400470A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1033173A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Charles Michel Letourneur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jouan SA
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Jouan SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jouan SA filed Critical Jouan SA
Publication of EP1033173A1 publication Critical patent/EP1033173A1/de
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Publication of EP1033173B1 publication Critical patent/EP1033173B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
    • B04B15/02—Other accessories for centrifuges for cooling, heating, or heat insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B04B7/06—Safety devices ; Regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/06—Fluid drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/08—Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing ; Couplings; Brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
    • F25B9/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect using vortex effect

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a centrifuge comprising a enclosure, a rotor disposed therein, rotational drive means rotor, and means for cooling the atmosphere of the enclosure.
  • US-A-4 193 536 discloses a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention applies in particular to the centrifugation of biological products.
  • the cooling of the atmosphere of the enclosure of such a centrifuge is generally provided by cooling a wall of the enclosure, for example by circulating a cooling fluid outside the enclosure or using a Peltier effect system.
  • This last aspect is particularly troublesome for the centrifugation of products capable of releasing pathogenic or toxic substances, a such centrifugation to be performed in suitable rooms.
  • the volume of these parts which respect for example standards of containment type P3 or P4, is limited and many devices releasing large amounts of heat are usually gathered in these pieces. Now, such a release of large amounts of heat is detrimental to the proper functioning of these devices, their service life, and the results of the manipulations.
  • the object of the invention is to solve these problems by providing a centrifuge whose cooling means are effective and drive limited heat production outside the enclosure.
  • the subject of the invention is a centrifuge according to claim 1.
  • the centrifuge can understand one or more of the features of the dependent claims.
  • the door 4 is articulated at 13 on the tank 3 to be movable between a closed position, as shown in Figure 1, and an open position not represented access to the interior of the enclosure 5.
  • the enclosure 5 When the door 4 is in the closed position, the enclosure 5 is rendered waterproof with respect to the outside, in particular thanks to a seal 14 compressed between the door 4 and the tank 3.
  • the door 4 In the open position, the door 4 is raised relative to its position closed.
  • the centrifuge 1 further comprises a pneumatic device 16 (in dotted lines) locking the door 4 in the closed position. This device will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the means 8 of training comprise a shaft 18 secured to the rotor 6 and a turbine 19 whose blades 20 are shown schematically in Figure 1. This turbine 19 is secured to the shaft 18.
  • the centrifuge 1 also comprises a pneumatic brake 25 which comprises (Fig.2) two jaws 26 hinged to a shaft 27 and arranged on both sides of the shaft 18 for driving the rotor 6.
  • jaws 26 are movable transversely to the shaft 18 between a close braking position (not shown), where they enclose the tree 18, and a spaced position, where the shaft 18 rotates freely between the jaws 26 as shown in FIG.
  • the brake 25 further comprises a spring 28 for restoring the jaws 26 in their close position and a single acting pneumatic cylinder 29 arranged between the jaws 23.
  • a spring 28 for restoring the jaws 26 in their close position
  • a single acting pneumatic cylinder 29 arranged between the jaws 23.
  • the gas purification unit 10 comprises, for example, a filter of HEPA type.
  • the means 11 for cooling the atmosphere of the enclosure 5 comprise a tube of Ranque 30.
  • This conventional device comprises a generator of swirling flow 31 to which are connected an inlet 32 supplying gas under pressure, a cold outlet 33 and a hot outlet 34 gas.
  • the locking device 16 comprises a strike 36 secured to the door 4, a first bolt 37 and a second bolt 38.
  • the first bolt 37 can slide between a locking position of the door 4 (FIG. 3), in which the first bolt is engaged in the striker 36, and an unlocking position of the door (Fig.5), wherein the bolt 37 is removed from strike 36.
  • the second bolt 38 can slide orthogonally to the first bolt between a locking position of the first bolt 37 in its locking position (Fig.3), and a release position of the first bolt 37 (Fig.5).
  • the second bolt 38 In its locking position, the second bolt 38 is engaged in a recess 39 formed in the first bolt 37.
  • the first bolt is constituted by the stem of a first pneumatic cylinder 40 double effect and the second bolt 38 is constituted by the stem of a second pneumatic cylinder 41 single effect.
  • the shutter 47 is slidable between an unlocking position of the door 4, where it compresses a spring 470, and a locking position of the gate 4, or rest position, in which the spring 470 is not compressed.
  • the centrifuge further comprises a silencer 48, a source 49 pressurized air and a source 50 of decontamination gas, for example formalin.
  • the air of the source 49 is for example at a pressure of between 3 and 6 bars.
  • FIG. 3 as in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inside of the pipes containing pressurized air is shown in gray.
  • the first of these flows is conveyed by a pipe 51 to the switching valve 46.
  • the shutter 47 is at rest, that is to say in position of the door 4, this first flow is then conveyed by a individual conduct 52 to a first portion 53 of the chamber 54 of the first cylinder 40.
  • This first flow pushes the piston 55 of the first jack 40 to the left in FIG. 3, so that the first bolt 37 is pushed towards its position of door lock 4.
  • the second flow from the automatic locking valve 44 passes through a valve 57 timed by a control unit 58 which controls its opening during the centrifugation time.
  • the control unit 58 is example a pneumatic or mechanical unit.
  • This second flow is itself shared at the outlet of the valve 57 in two streams.
  • the first of these flows is sent, via a pipe 59, to the chamber 60 of the second cylinder 41, to push the piston 61 of this cylinder upwards in FIG. 3, so that the second bolt 38 is pushed into its position of blocking the first bolt 37.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 29 of the brake 25 is fed with air under pressure so that the jaws 26 are in spaced position and let the shaft 18 rotate freely.
  • the relaxed air from the hot outlet 34 of Ranque's tube is also discharged to the outside of the centrifuge 1 by the silencer 48.
  • Air relaxed at low temperature, for example -10 ° C, from the outlet cold 33 of the Ranque tube is routed via a pipe 65 to an inlet 66 of the enclosure 5.
  • the cold air is ejected by this input 66 under and towards the rotor 6 while cooling the atmosphere of the enclosure 5.
  • valve 57 is closed automatically by the control unit 58.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 29 of the brake 25 not being more fed with pressurized air, the jaws 26 are automatically placed in the close braking position of the rotor 6.
  • the pressurized air contained in the chamber 60 of the second cylinder 41 is evacuated by the pipe 59 and then by the pipe 62 to the silencer 48, and the piston 61 of the second cylinder 41 is pushed back by a spring 68.
  • the second bolt 38 is returned to its position of release of the first bolt 37.
  • the first portion 53 of the chamber 54 is vented, through a pipe 71 (Figs.1 and 4) and the silencer 48.
  • the shutter 47 of the switching valve 46 having been brought back towards its rest position by the spring 470, the air under pressure present in the second part 70 of the chamber 54 of the first jack 40 has been evacuated successively by a pipe 72, by the pipe 71, and by the silencer 48.
  • the number of electrical and mechanical devices of the centrifuge 1, in particular for heating and rotating the rotor 6 is limited.
  • This characteristic is particularly interesting for centrifugation products that can release explosive substances.
  • the combination of pneumatic means 8 for training of the rotor 6 and the gas purification unit 10 withdrawn from the chamber 5, in which the circulation of gas withdrawn is controlled by the pressurized air driving the turbine 19, makes it possible simultaneously to provide a drive for the rotor 6 and a filtration of the atmosphere of the enclosure 5.
  • the centrifuge 1 is suitable for centrifugation of dangerous products by limiting the risks emission of these substances outside the centrifuge 1.
  • Venturi 21 injection system delivering at the output a larger gas flow than that supplying the injector 22, allows to drive the turbine 19 and therefore the rotor 6 at relatively high.
  • the use of a cold gas injection in particular obtained using of a tube of Ranque, allows a satisfactory cooling of the atmosphere of the enclosure 5, with good performance and limiting heat emissions to the outside of the enclosure 5.
  • the use of the Ranque tube makes it possible to limit the congestion of the means 11 for cooling the atmosphere of the enclosure 5.
  • the gas purification unit 10 comprises a chemical gas treatment device withdrawn from the chamber 5, which neutralizes dangerous substances that may be released by the products to be centrifuged.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a simplified embodiment of a centrifuge 1.
  • the means of training in rotation of the rotor 6 comprise for example an electric motor.
  • the outlet 73 of the purified gas purification unit 10 is then connected directly to silencer 48.
  • This gas flow also creates an overpressure in the enclosure 5, although that, the chamber 5 being sealed, this overpressure causes a gas withdrawal by the exit 64 of the enclosure 5.
  • the withdrawn gas is then purified by the purification unit and then evacuated via the silencer 48.
  • This centrifuge 1 can be used for the centrifugation of non-explosive toxic substances.
  • the output 64 of the tank 3 is put directly in the air, the centrifuge does not include any unit 10 of purification.
  • This last embodiment is particularly suitable for centrifugation products that do not release dangerous substances.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Zentrifuge mit einem Behälter (5), einem in diesem angeordneten Rotor (6), Antriebseinrichtungen (8).zur Rotation des Rotors, und mit Kühleinrichtungen (11) für die Atmosphäre des Behälters, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühleinrichtungen für die Atmosphäre des Behälters ein Ranque-Rohr (30) aufweisen, von dem ein kalter Auslass (33) an einem Einlass (66) des Behälters angeschlossen ist, und dass die Zentrifuge einen Versorgungskreis für unter Druck stehendes Gas aufweist, der an einem Einlass (32) des Ranque-Rohrs angeschlossen, und zum Anschluss an eine Quelle (49) von unter Druck stehendem Gas vorgesehen ist.
  2. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Gasreinigungseinheit (10) aufweist, wobei ein Einlass dieser Einheit an einem Auslass (64) zur Entnahme von Gas an dem Behälter angeschlossen ist.
  3. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasreinigungseinheit (10) mindestens einen Filter aufweist.
  4. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasreinigungseinheit (10) mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur chemischen Behandlung des entnommenen Gases aufweist.
  5. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Auslass der Gasreinigungseinheit an einer Ansaugvorrichtung (21) angeschlossen ist.
  6. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebseinrichtungen (8) zur Rotation des Rotors pneumatische Antriebseinrichtungen zur Rotation sind, die an dem Versorgungskreis für unter Druck stehendes Gas angeschlossen sind.
  7. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pneumatischen Antriebseinrichtungen zur Rotation eine Turbine (19) aufweisen.
  8. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 5 in Kombination mit Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ansaugvorrichtung (21) von dem unter Druck stehenden Gas gesteuert wird, welches die pneumatischen Antriebseinrichtungen (8) zur Rotation des Rotors versorgt.
  9. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ansaugvorrichtung mit einem Venturi-Einspritzsystem (21) versehen ist, welches Folgendes aufweist: einen Einlass (22) für Antriebsfluid, der zum Anschluss an die Quelle (49) von unter Druck stehendem Gas bestimmt ist; einen Einlass (24) für mitgenommenes Fluid, der an dem Auslass der Reinigungseinheit angeschlossen ist; und einen Auslass (23) für Antriebsfluid und mitgenommenes Fluid, der an den pneumatischen Antriebseinrichtungen (8) zur Rotation des Rotors angeschlossen ist.
  10. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Quelle (50) von Dekontaminationsgas aufweist, die an einem Einlass (66) des Behälters angeschlossen ist.
  11. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (5) dicht ausgebildet ist.
  12. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine pneumatische Bremsvorrichtung (25) des Rotors aufweist.
  13. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Versorgungskreis ein verzögertes Ventil (57) aufweist.
  14. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zentrifuge eine Tür (4) aufweist, die zwischen einer Stellung für den Zugang in das Innere des Behälters (5) und einer geschlossenen Stellung verstellbar ist, und dass die Zentrifuge außerdem eine pneumatische Verriegelungsvorrichtung (16) für die Tür in ihrer geschlossenen Stellung aufweist, wobei die Verriegelungsvorrichtung an dem Versorgungskreis für unter Druck stehendes Gas angeschlossen ist.
  15. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungsvorrichtung einen ersten Riegel (37) aufweist, der zwischen einer Verriegelungsstellung und einer Entriegelungsstellung der Tür (4) verstellbar ist, wobei der erste Riegel aus einem Stück mit einem Schaft eines ersten pneumatischen Stellzylinders (40) ausgebildet ist, der mittels zumindest einer individuellen Leitung (52, 69) an dem Versorgungskreis für unter Druck stehendes Gas angeschlossen ist, und dass die Verriegelungsvorrichtung (16) ein Ventil bzw. einen Schieber (46) zur selektiven Umschaltung der einen individuellen Leitung oder der individuellen Leitungen auf den Versorgungskreis für unter Druck stehendes Gas aufweist.
  16. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Versorgungskreis ein automatisches Sperrventil (44) aufweist, welches selbst mit einem Verschluss (45) ausgerüstet ist, der zwischen einer Öffnungsstellung und einer Verschlussstellung des automatischen Sperrventils verstellbar ist, und dass ein Auslass dieses automatischen Sperrventils (44) an dem Umschaltventil (46) angeschlossen ist, und dass der Verschluss (45) in der Öffnungsstellung gehalten ist, wenn sich die Tür der Zentrifuge in verschlossener Stellung befindet, und dass das Umschaltventil (46) in Ruhestellung den Auslass des automatischen Sperrventils (44) und den ersten Stellzylinder (40) so verbindet, dass der erste Riegel (37) in seine Verriegelungsstellung gedrückt ist.
  17. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das automatische Sperrventil (44) für einen ständigen Anschluss an der Quelle (49) von unter Druck stehendem Gas ausgelegt ist.
  18. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 17 in Kombination mit Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungsvorrichtung (16) einen zweiten Riegel (38) aufweist, der zwischen einer Blockierungsstellung des ersten Riegels (37) in seiner Verriegelungsstellung und einer Freigabestellung des ersten Riegels verstellbar ist, und dass der zweite Riegel (38) in einem Stück mit dem Schaft eines zweiten pneumatischen Stellzylinders (41) ausgebildet ist, der ständig an einem Auslass des verzögerten Ventils. (57) angeschlossen ist.
EP00400470A 1999-03-01 2000-02-21 Zentrifuge mit Kühlung mittels Ranque-Rohr Expired - Lifetime EP1033173B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9902512A FR2790407B1 (fr) 1999-03-01 1999-03-01 Centrifugeuse a refroidissement par tube de ranque
FR9902512 1999-03-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1033173A1 EP1033173A1 (de) 2000-09-06
EP1033173B1 true EP1033173B1 (de) 2005-08-10

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EP00400470A Expired - Lifetime EP1033173B1 (de) 1999-03-01 2000-02-21 Zentrifuge mit Kühlung mittels Ranque-Rohr

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US (1) US6334841B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1033173B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3398783B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60021782T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2790407B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60021782D1 (de) 2005-09-15
EP1033173A1 (de) 2000-09-06
US6334841B1 (en) 2002-01-01
FR2790407A1 (fr) 2000-09-08
FR2790407B1 (fr) 2001-06-01
JP2000246146A (ja) 2000-09-12
JP3398783B2 (ja) 2003-04-21
DE60021782T2 (de) 2006-04-20

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