EP1028857B1 - Stone imitation for decorating building structures and methods for the production thereof - Google Patents

Stone imitation for decorating building structures and methods for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1028857B1
EP1028857B1 EP98904454A EP98904454A EP1028857B1 EP 1028857 B1 EP1028857 B1 EP 1028857B1 EP 98904454 A EP98904454 A EP 98904454A EP 98904454 A EP98904454 A EP 98904454A EP 1028857 B1 EP1028857 B1 EP 1028857B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
hardener
weight
spraying
polyester resin
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EP98904454A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1028857A1 (en
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Mihai Dragnea
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
    • B44C3/042—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay producing a copy from an original structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B05D5/061—Special surface effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0423—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing fibreglass elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
    • B44F9/04—Designs imitating natural patterns of stone surfaces, e.g. marble
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/147—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer imitating natural stone, brick work or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a natural stone imitation, which shape, color and appearance of a natural stone and for interior or exterior ornamentation like fountains, rocks with waterfalls, imitation of natural stone Structured furnishings, ceiling, wall and floor facings etc. is used.
  • the invention also relates on processes for producing this natural stone imitation.
  • a method for the production of stone, marble, and is known Granite cladding made of small and / or split blocks, which in the Joining tapes of these materials by brushing them Edge surfaces with a binder based on polyester resin, which in the corresponding color of the rocks used is colored, the binder from a mixture of resin and rock powder in a ratio of 1: 1.7, and from an addition of cobalt naphtenate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide consists.
  • the bands are connected by pressing together and then completed by giving them the shape and size they want (Romanian Patent No. 63416).
  • This invention uses natural materials, realized only panel facings and has the goal of recycling waste.
  • a method for producing simulated marble products consisting of covering a slab of wood, concrete, plywood, Masonry or glass with a continuous layer of epoxy and then with a discontinuous pigmented layer that ends up together cure (US-A-4868018).
  • a method of manufacturing natural stone imitations is known, which in the treatment of glowing basic blast furnace slag with pellets with a Granulation consists of 20 mm, which are obtained from the collected Dust from the smoke stack when making iron alloys, debris fired refractory bricks and tar mud. You win a product which concrete can replace from different wastes that way can be utilized (Romanian patent No. 73950).
  • the imitation natural stone according to the invention eliminates the disadvantages of the known ones Natural stone imitations in that it consists of three layers, namely from a discontinuous on the surface, with different colors and a thickness of 0 ... 5 mm, which consists of 28 ... 48 percent by weight polyester resin with hardener, or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with crosslinking agent surcharge, 50 ... 70 percent by weight quartz flour and 2 ... 10 percent by weight Pigments consists of a medium, continuous, single color Layer, with a thickness of 2 ... 5 mm, which consists of 28 ... 48 percent by weight Polyester resin with hardener, or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with crosslinking agent surcharge, 50 ...
  • quartz flour 70 percent by weight quartz flour and 2 ... 10 percent by weight of pigments, which determines the background color, and an inner layer that is the backing and resistance layer and has a thickness of 3 ... 10 mm, which consists of 100 percent by weight Polyurethane foam with hardener, or 20 ... 35 percent by weight glass fiber and 65 ... 80 weight percent polyester resin with hardener, so that the artificial stone has the shape and color of a natural stone.
  • a method for the production of natural stone imitation (Artificial stone) for decorative buildings consists in that one is in a rigid or flexible shape that mimics the shape of a natural stone by spraying or brushes on some of the inner parts of the mixture for the surface layer applies, this layer hardens, then on the whole inner Surface by spraying or brushing the mixture for the middle layer applies and this layer can harden, which can be with the already hardened Parts of the first layer combined on the inner surface by spraying with a continuous layer of the mixture of polyurethane Hardener or by spraying or brushing a continuous layer of the mixture
  • This layer is based on polyester resin, hardener and glass fiber cures, a structure of three solid, united together Layers that result manually from the inside of the rigid or flexible Pulls out the mold, and finally the entire outer surface of the manufactured one Product is sandblasted.
  • Another manufacturing method according to the invention of natural stone imitation (Artificial stone) for decorative buildings consists in that one is in a rigid or flexible shape that mimics the shape of a natural stone all over inner surface by spraying a continuous layer of the mixture of polyurethane with hardener or by spraying or brushing a continuous Layer of the mixture based on polyester resin, hardener and Apply glass fiber, allow this layer to harden, then manually the obtained Pulls the layer out of the rigid or flexible structure and on top of it whole outer surface by spraying or brushing a continuous Layer of the single-color mixture for the middle layer can harden, after which discontinuously over this a layer of mixtures for the surface layer with different colors Allows layer to harden and finally the structure obtained from three united Layers are sandblasted on their entire outer surface.
  • a rigid mold is made from a single piece or from several parts which are assembled with ordinary screws.
  • the shape maintains one made of polyester resin with hardener and glass fiber. It represents a form (a negative) which mimics the shape of a natural stone, its surface but is not completely closed.
  • This die can be smaller, medium or have large dimensions, depending on the type of construction in which the natural stone imitation is produced (Artificial stone) is used.
  • Mixtures are produced in several vessels, the 28 ... 48 parts by weight of polyester resin with hardener (added at the time of using the mixture )), 50 ... 70 parts by weight of quartz flour and 2 ... 10 parts by weight of with the Resin arrange pigment for coloring included.
  • the mixtures differ themselves by the input dye and its amount, so that they are different Have colors and even shades. You will be through the simple Mixing the resin with quartz flour, pigment and then with the hardener receive.
  • the rigid form with the role of a die is placed in the working position with the Opening upwards and first carries one on its entire inner surface Layer of a compound (e.g. wax) that is later pulled out of the obtained Product relieved. Afterwards you apply with a spray blower on some Divide the inner surface of the mold with a thin layer of the prepared one Mix up. Depending on the predetermined pattern of natural stone imitation, these parts can have different shades in order to End product to appear as ribs or depressions.
  • the applied Parts of the layer are so thick that they harden to a maximum Thickness of 5 mm.
  • this first Layer is applied with another spray blower on the entire inner surface form a continuous layer of a single, as previously described, prepared mixture, which is the background color of the future Natural stone imitation will determine.
  • the colors can range from white to dark gray be of different shades from gray, or from white to dark brown, different shades of cream, or different shades of red, etc., similar to the coloring of natural stones.
  • the third layer is applied by spraying polyurethane solution with hardener. After they have hardened open the screws of the rigid Shape if it was made from several parts, or you pull manually the product obtained from the one-piece form, and it is on its whole outer surface sandblasted, with sand coming from an air gun is hurled to make this surface look natural To give stones.
  • the first two layers can be applied with a brush become.
  • polyester resin solution used in the manufacture of the Mixtures for the middle and outer layers can be used use a polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene solution, possibly with a cross-linking agent, in the same weight ratio.
  • Example 1 The procedure is as in Example 1, with the difference that the one used as the template Form is flexible, since it is made of silicone rubber, from a single part and is not covered with wax or any other substance on the inside must become. In this case the product consists of three layers easily pulled out without deforming because the rubber matrix is elastic is.
  • the procedure is as in Examples 1 or 2, so you use the rigid or flexible shape, but the inner, third layer, which can be sprayed or manually applied with a brush, consists of 20 ... 35 parts by weight of glass fiber and 65 ... 80 parts by weight of polyester resin solution with hardener. This mixture is done by simply mixing the glass fiber with the resin solution and at the time of use, made with the hardener.
  • the glass fibers can be used as fabrics, Threads or in chopped form.
  • the natural stone imitations according to the invention are solid products, which none Show type of toxicity and do not attack the environment in any way.
  • the Solvents of the polymers are completely eliminated during production, if you take measures known per se where you work.
  • the natural stone imitations according to the invention produced by any of the Examples 1 ... 3 can be arranged individually or in groups, whereby they have different shapes from each other (depending on the form used), just like in nature. So you can create artificial rocks with or without waterfalls, caves, walls with bumps, pools with uneven walls and floors, fountains or any other desired Buildings inside or outside of buildings that target have the impression of a natural landscape. Such buildings are suitable for decorating hotels, restaurants, clinics, houses or apartments, kindergartens, zoos and other interiors, or of parks, botanical gardens and zoos, courtyards of villas, etc. because of the invention Natural stone imitation is weatherproof and resistant to atmospheric Conditions in a variable range (from summer to winter).
  • Another use of the natural stone imitation according to the invention exists when framing some furniture parts (bookcase, showcase, closet, etc.) into a decorative building made of these artificial stones or a combination with other materials or workpieces (e.g. made of stainless steel or another Metal, glass, wood) to create an interior or exterior design.
  • other materials or workpieces e.g. made of stainless steel or another Metal, glass, wood
  • the plate-shaped products according to Example 4 are when veneering Walls, ceilings, floors, some furniture parts or any other application, using natural stone slabs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an imitation stone for decorating building structures which is comprised of three layers. One layer is discontinuous of the surface having different colorings and a thickness of 0-5 mm. A second layer is a continuous intermediate layer having only one color and a thickness of 2-5 mm. A third layer is a base and resistance inner layer having a thickness of 3-10 mm. The shape and coloring of the stone imitates those of natural stone. The first two layers have 28-48 wt. % polyester resin with reinforcers, or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene optionally with the addition of cross-linking agents, 50-70 wt. % quartz powder and 2-10 wt. % pigments. The inner layer has 100 wt. % polyurethane foam with reinforcers or 20-35 wt. % fiber glass and 65-80 wt. % polyester resin with reinforcers. The imitation stone is produced in a rigid or flexible structure in which the mixture for the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the base layer is successively applied by spraying or with a brush. The layers cure and combine with one another. The product is manually pulled out of the interior of the structure and the entire external surface is sandblasted. An additional method is comprised of applying a continuous layer of the curing base mixture on the inner surface of the structure. The mixture is manually pulled out and a continuous layer of the mixture having only one color is applied on the entire external surface of the layer. The mixture hardens and discontinuous mixtures for the surface layer having different colorings are applied over said continuous layer. The mixture hardens and the entire external surface is sandblasted.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Naturstein-Imitation, welche Form, Farbe und Aussehen eines natürlichen Steines besitzt und für innere oder äußere Verzierungsbauten wie Springbrunnen, Felsen mit Wasserfällen, in von Naturstein-Imitation Strukturen eingefügten Einrichtungsgegenstände, Decken-, Wände- und Fußboden-Verblendungen u.a., verwendet wird. Die Erfindung bezieht sich ebenfalls auf Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Naturstein-Imitation.The invention relates to a natural stone imitation, which shape, color and appearance of a natural stone and for interior or exterior ornamentation like fountains, rocks with waterfalls, imitation of natural stone Structured furnishings, ceiling, wall and floor facings etc. is used. The invention also relates on processes for producing this natural stone imitation.

Bekannt ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stein-, Marmor-, und Granitverkleidungen aus kleinen und/oder gespaltenen Blöcken, welches in der Verbindung von Bändern aus diesen Materialien durch das Bestreichen ihrer Randflächen mit einem Bindemittel auf Basis von Polyesterharz besteht, das in der entsprechenden Farbe der verwendeten Gesteine eingefärbt ist, das Bindemittel aus einer Mischung von Harz und Gesteinspuder in einem Verhältnis von 1: 1,7, sowie aus einem Zusatz von Kobaltnaphtenat und Methyläthylketonperoxid besteht. Die Bänder werden durch Zusammenpressen verbunden und dann fertiggestellt, indem man ihnen die gewünschte Form und Ausmaße gibt (rumänisches Patent Nr. 63416). Diese Erfindung benützt natürliche Materialien, realisiert nur Plattenverblendungen und hat als Ziel die Verwertung von Abfällen.A method for the production of stone, marble, and is known Granite cladding made of small and / or split blocks, which in the Joining tapes of these materials by brushing them Edge surfaces with a binder based on polyester resin, which in the corresponding color of the rocks used is colored, the binder from a mixture of resin and rock powder in a ratio of 1: 1.7, and from an addition of cobalt naphtenate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide consists. The bands are connected by pressing together and then completed by giving them the shape and size they want (Romanian Patent No. 63416). This invention uses natural materials, realized only panel facings and has the goal of recycling waste.

Bekannt ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von simulierten Marmor-Produkten, bestehend aus der Bedeckung einer Platte aus Holz, Beton, Sperrholz, Mauerwerk oder Glas mit einer kontinuierlichen Epoxyharz-Schicht und dann mit einer diskontinuierlichen pigmenthaltigen Schicht, die am Ende zusammen aushärten (US-A-4868018).A method for producing simulated marble products is also known, consisting of covering a slab of wood, concrete, plywood, Masonry or glass with a continuous layer of epoxy and then with a discontinuous pigmented layer that ends up together cure (US-A-4868018).

Es ist ein Herstellungsverfahren von Naturstein-Imitationen bekannt, welches in der Behandlung von glühender basischer Hochofenschlacke mit Pellets mit einer Granulation von 20 mm besteht, die erhalten werden aus dem eingesammelten Staub aus dem Rauchschlot beim Herstellen von Eisenlegierungen, Schutt aus gebrannten feuerfesten Ziegeln und Teerschlamm. Man gewinnt ein Erzeugnis, welches Beton ersetzen kann, aus verschiedenen Abfällen, die auf dieser Weise verwertet werden (rumänisches Patent Nr. 73950).A method of manufacturing natural stone imitations is known, which in the treatment of glowing basic blast furnace slag with pellets with a Granulation consists of 20 mm, which are obtained from the collected Dust from the smoke stack when making iron alloys, debris fired refractory bricks and tar mud. You win a product which concrete can replace from different wastes that way can be utilized (Romanian patent No. 73950).

Da die aus dem Stand der Technik als Steinersatz bekannten Materialien, die bei Bauten benutzt werden, ein großes Gewicht haben, Transportprobleme aufweisen und die Form und Färbung der Natursteine nicht wiedergeben können, sind sie für Verzierungsbauten nicht spezifisch. So hat sich das Problem gestellt, ein leichtes Material zu schaffen, das einfach hergestellt werden kann, leicht zu transportieren ist und vor allem ein identisches Aussehen mit einem Naturstein hat, so daß es von diesem nicht unterschieden werden kann.Since the materials known from the prior art as stone replacement, which are used in Buildings are used, are heavy, have transportation problems and the shape and color of the natural stones cannot be reproduced they are not specific to decorative structures. So the problem arose to create lightweight material that is easy to manufacture, easy to transport and, above all, an identical appearance with a natural stone has so that it cannot be distinguished from it.

Die erfindungsgemäße Naturstein-Imitation beseitigt die Nachteile der bekannten Naturstein-Imitationen dadurch, daß sie aus drei Schichten besteht, und zwar aus einer diskontinuierlichen an der Oberfläche, mit verschiedenen Färbungen und einer Dicke von 0 ... 5 mm, welche aus 28 ... 48 Gewichtsprozenten Polyesterharz mit Härter, oder Polyvinylchlorid oder Polystyren, eventuell mit Vernetzungsmittelzuschlag, 50 ... 70 Gewichtsprozenten Quarzmehl und 2 ... 10 Gewichtsprozenten Pigmenten besteht, aus einer mittleren, kontinuierlichen, einfarbigen Schicht, mit einer Dicke von 2 ... 5 mm, welche aus 28...48 Gewichtsprozenten Polyesterharz mit Härter, oder Polyvinylchlorid oder Polystyren, eventuell mit Vernetzungsmittelzuschlag, 50 ... 70 Gewichtsprozenten Quarzmehl und 2 ... 10 Gewichtsprozenten Pigmenten besteht, welches die Hintergrundfärbung bestimmt, und aus einer inneren Schicht, die die Unterlage- und Widerstandsschicht ist und eine Dicke von 3...10 mm hat, welche aus 100 Gewichtsprozenten Polyurethanschaum mit Härter, oder 20 ... 35 Gewichtsprozenten Glasfaser und 65 ... 80 Gewichtsprozenten Polyesterharz mit Härter besteht, so daß der Kunststein die Form und Färbung eines Natursteines hat. The imitation natural stone according to the invention eliminates the disadvantages of the known ones Natural stone imitations in that it consists of three layers, namely from a discontinuous on the surface, with different colors and a thickness of 0 ... 5 mm, which consists of 28 ... 48 percent by weight polyester resin with hardener, or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with crosslinking agent surcharge, 50 ... 70 percent by weight quartz flour and 2 ... 10 percent by weight Pigments consists of a medium, continuous, single color Layer, with a thickness of 2 ... 5 mm, which consists of 28 ... 48 percent by weight Polyester resin with hardener, or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with crosslinking agent surcharge, 50 ... 70 percent by weight quartz flour and 2 ... 10 percent by weight of pigments, which determines the background color, and an inner layer that is the backing and resistance layer and has a thickness of 3 ... 10 mm, which consists of 100 percent by weight Polyurethane foam with hardener, or 20 ... 35 percent by weight glass fiber and 65 ... 80 weight percent polyester resin with hardener, so that the artificial stone has the shape and color of a natural stone.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung der Naturstein-Imitation (Kunststein) für Verzierungsbauten, besteht darin, daß man in einer starren oder flexiblen Form, die die Form eines natürlichen Steines nachahmt, durch Sprühen oder Pinseln auf einigen von deren inneren Teilen Gemisch für die Oberflächenschicht aufträgt, diese Schicht aushärten läßt, danach auf der ganzen inneren Oberfläche durch Sprühen oder Pinseln das Gemisch für die mittlere Schicht aufträgt und diese Schicht aushärten läßt, die sich mit den bereits ausgehärteten Teilen der ersten Schicht vereinigt, auf die so entstandene innere Oberfläche durch Sprühen eine kontinuierliche Schicht des Gemisches von Polyurethan mit Härter oder durch Sprühen oder Pinseln eine kontinuierliche Schicht des Gemisches auf Basis von Polyesterharz, Härter und Glasfaser aufträgt, diese Schicht aushärten läßt, eine Struktur aus drei festen, untereinander vereinigten Schichten ergebend, die man manuell aus dem Inneren der starren oder flexiblen Form herauszieht, und schließlich die ganze äußere Oberfläche des hergestellten Produktes sandgestrahlt wird.A method according to the invention for the production of natural stone imitation (Artificial stone) for decorative buildings, consists in that one is in a rigid or flexible shape that mimics the shape of a natural stone by spraying or brushes on some of the inner parts of the mixture for the surface layer applies, this layer hardens, then on the whole inner Surface by spraying or brushing the mixture for the middle layer applies and this layer can harden, which can be with the already hardened Parts of the first layer combined on the inner surface by spraying with a continuous layer of the mixture of polyurethane Hardener or by spraying or brushing a continuous layer of the mixture This layer is based on polyester resin, hardener and glass fiber cures, a structure of three solid, united together Layers that result manually from the inside of the rigid or flexible Pulls out the mold, and finally the entire outer surface of the manufactured one Product is sandblasted.

Ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Herstellungsverfahren der Naturstein-Imitation (Kunststein) für Verzierungsbauten besteht darin, daß man in einer starren oder flexiblen Form, die die Form eines natürlichen Steines nachahmt, auf der ganzen inneren Oberfläche durch Sprühen eine kontinuierliche Schicht des Gemisches von Polyurethan mit Härter aufträgt oder durch Sprühen oder Pinseln eine kontinuierliche Schicht des Gemisches auf Basis von Polyesterharz, Härter und Glasfaser aufträgt, diese Schicht aushärten läßt, danach manuell die erhaltene Schicht aus dem starren oder flexiblen Gebilde herauszieht und auf ihrer ganzen äußeren Oberfläche durch Sprühen oder Pinseln eine kontinuierliche Schicht des einfarbigen Gemisches für die mittlere Schicht aufträgt, diese Schicht aushärten läßt, wonach über diese diskontinuierlich eine Schicht von Gemischen für die Oberflächenschicht mit verschiedenen Färbungen aufträgt, diese Schicht aushärten läßt und schließlich die erhaltene Struktur aus drei vereinigten Schichten auf ihrer ganzen äußeren Oberfläche sandgestrahlt wird. Another manufacturing method according to the invention of natural stone imitation (Artificial stone) for decorative buildings consists in that one is in a rigid or flexible shape that mimics the shape of a natural stone all over inner surface by spraying a continuous layer of the mixture of polyurethane with hardener or by spraying or brushing a continuous Layer of the mixture based on polyester resin, hardener and Apply glass fiber, allow this layer to harden, then manually the obtained Pulls the layer out of the rigid or flexible structure and on top of it whole outer surface by spraying or brushing a continuous Layer of the single-color mixture for the middle layer can harden, after which discontinuously over this a layer of mixtures for the surface layer with different colors Allows layer to harden and finally the structure obtained from three united Layers are sandblasted on their entire outer surface.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Naturstein-Imitation sind die folgenden:

  • wegen ihrer Form, ihres Aussehens und von den Pigmenten gegebenen Färbung kann sie nicht von einem natürlichen Stein unterschieden werden;
  • sie ist ein Produkt mit geringem Gewicht, welches leicht transportiert und an jedwelchen Stellen (an Wänden, Decken, Böden, in Höfen, usw.) montiert werden kann,
  • sie hat eine sehr gute mechanische Widerstandsfähigkeit wegen ihrer Drei-Schichten-Struktur sowie eine große Widerstandsfähigkeit bei Temperatur- und Wettereinflüssen, so daß sie lange Zeit außen verwendet werden kann;
  • sie kann eine solche Form haben, daß die Kunststeine sehr leicht in verschiedenen Anordnungen aufeinandergelegt werden können, das Aussehen von Felsen oder anderen natürlichen Formationen erhaltend, oder - wenn sie eben sind - für Verblendungen benutzbar sind.
The advantages of imitation natural stone according to the invention are as follows:
  • because of its shape, its appearance and the color given by the pigments, it cannot be distinguished from a natural stone;
  • it is a low-weight product that is easy to transport and can be installed anywhere (on walls, ceilings, floors, in courtyards, etc.),
  • it has a very good mechanical resistance due to its three-layer structure and a high resistance to temperature and weather influences, so that it can be used outdoors for a long time;
  • it can have a shape such that the artificial stones can be very easily placed on top of one another in various arrangements, maintaining the appearance of rocks or other natural formations, or - if they are flat - can be used for facings.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Naturstein-Imitation Herstellung sind die folgenden:

  • die benutzten Rohstoffe sind leicht erhältlich;
  • spezielle Einrichtungen sind nicht erforderlich, sondern nur bekannte Sprühblaser, Pinsel und Luftspritzpistolen;
  • die Herstellungsvorgänge sind sehr einfach.
The advantages of the methods for producing natural stone imitation are as follows:
  • the raw materials used are readily available;
  • special facilities are not required, but only known spray blowers, brushes and air spray guns;
  • the manufacturing processes are very simple.

Anschließend werden Beispiele für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Naturstein-Imitation für Verzierungsbauten angegeben.Then there are examples of the production of the natural stone imitation according to the invention specified for decorative structures.

Beispiel 1.Example 1.

Man fertigt eine starre Form aus einem einzigen Stück oder aus mehreren Teilen an, die mit gewöhnlichen Schrauben zusammengestellt werden. Die Form erhält man aus Polyesterharz mit Härter und Glasfaser. Sie stellt eine Form (ein Negativ) dar, welche die Form eines natürlichen Steines nachahmt, deren Oberfläche aber nicht vollständig geschlossen ist. Diese Matrize kann geringere, mittlere oder große Ausmaßen haben, je nach der Bauart, bei der die hergestellte Naturstein-Imitation (Kunststein) benutzt wird.A rigid mold is made from a single piece or from several parts which are assembled with ordinary screws. The shape maintains one made of polyester resin with hardener and glass fiber. It represents a form (a negative) which mimics the shape of a natural stone, its surface but is not completely closed. This die can be smaller, medium or have large dimensions, depending on the type of construction in which the natural stone imitation is produced (Artificial stone) is used.

Man stellt in mehreren Gefäßen Gemische her, die 28 ... 48 Gewichtsteile Polyesterharz mit Härter (der im Zeitpunkt der Benutzung des Gemisches zugegeben wird), 50 ... 70 Gewichtsteile Quarzmehl und 2 ... 10 Gewichtsteile von mit dem Harz vereinbaren Pigment für Färbung enthalten. Die Gemische unterscheiden sich durch den eingegebenen Farbstoff und seine Menge, so daß sie verschiedene Farben und sogar Schattierungen haben. Sie werden durch die einfache Vermischung des Harzes mit Quarzmehl, Pigment und nachher mit dem Härter erhalten.Mixtures are produced in several vessels, the 28 ... 48 parts by weight of polyester resin with hardener (added at the time of using the mixture )), 50 ... 70 parts by weight of quartz flour and 2 ... 10 parts by weight of with the Resin arrange pigment for coloring included. The mixtures differ themselves by the input dye and its amount, so that they are different Have colors and even shades. You will be through the simple Mixing the resin with quartz flour, pigment and then with the hardener receive.

Die starre Form mit der Rolle einer Matrize legt man in Arbeitsposition mit der Öffnung nach oben und trägt auf ihrer ganzen inneren Oberfläche zuerst eine Schicht einer Verbindung (z.B. Wachs) auf, die später das Herausziehen des erhaltenen Produktes erleichtert. Nachher trägt man mit einem Sprühblaser auf einigen Teilen der inneren Oberfläche der Form eine dünne Schicht des vorbereiteten Gemisches auf. Abhängig von dem vorherbestimmten Muster der Naturstein-Imitation, können diese Teile verschiedene Schattierungen haben, um im Endprodukt als Rippen oder Vertiefungen zu erscheinen. Die aufgetragenen Teile der Schicht haben so eine Dicke, daß sie durch Aushärtung zu einer maximalen Dicke von 5 mm gelangen können. Nach der Aushärtung dieser ersten Schicht trägt man mit einem anderen Sprühblaser auf der ganzen inneren Oberfläche der Form eine kontinuierliche Schicht aus einem einzigen, wie vorher beschrieben, bereiteten Gemisch auf, welche die Hintergrundfarbe der künftigen Naturstein-Imitation bestimmen wird. Die Farben können von weiß bis dunkelgrau sein, von verschiedenen Farbtönen von grau, oder von weiß bis dunkelbraun, verschiedenen Farbtönen von crem, oder verschiedenen Schattierungen von rot, usw., ähnlich der Färbung der natürlichen Steine. Nach dem Aushärten der zweiten Schicht trägt man die dritte Schicht durch Sprühen von Polyurethanlösung mit Härter auf. Nach ihrer Aushärtung öffnet man die Schrauben der starren Form, wenn diese aus mehreren Teilen hergestellt wurde, bzw. man zieht manuell das erhaltene Produkt aus der einteiligen Form heraus, und es wird auf seiner ganzen äußeren Oberfläche sandgestrahlt, mit Sand, der aus einer Luftpistole geschleudert wird, um dieser Oberfläche das Aussehen des natürlichen Steines zu geben.The rigid form with the role of a die is placed in the working position with the Opening upwards and first carries one on its entire inner surface Layer of a compound (e.g. wax) that is later pulled out of the obtained Product relieved. Afterwards you apply with a spray blower on some Divide the inner surface of the mold with a thin layer of the prepared one Mix up. Depending on the predetermined pattern of natural stone imitation, these parts can have different shades in order to End product to appear as ribs or depressions. The applied Parts of the layer are so thick that they harden to a maximum Thickness of 5 mm. After curing this first Layer is applied with another spray blower on the entire inner surface form a continuous layer of a single, as previously described, prepared mixture, which is the background color of the future Natural stone imitation will determine. The colors can range from white to dark gray be of different shades from gray, or from white to dark brown, different shades of cream, or different shades of red, etc., similar to the coloring of natural stones. After curing the second layer, the third layer is applied by spraying polyurethane solution with hardener. After they have hardened open the screws of the rigid Shape if it was made from several parts, or you pull manually the product obtained from the one-piece form, and it is on its whole outer surface sandblasted, with sand coming from an air gun is hurled to make this surface look natural To give stones.

Statt mit dem Sprühblaser können die ersten zwei Schichten mit dem Pinsel aufgetragen werden. Anstelle der Polyesterharzlösung, die bei der Herstellung des Gemisches für die mittleren und die äußeren Schichten benutzt wird, kann man eine Polyvinylchlorid- oder Polystyrenlösung benutzen, eventuell mit Vernetzungsmittelzuschlag, in demselben Gewichtsverhältnis.Instead of using the spray blower, the first two layers can be applied with a brush become. Instead of the polyester resin solution used in the manufacture of the Mixtures for the middle and outer layers can be used use a polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene solution, possibly with a cross-linking agent, in the same weight ratio.

Beispiel 2.Example 2.

Man geht wie in Beispiel 1 vor mit dem Unterschied, daß die als Matrize benutzte Form flexibel ist, da sie aus Silikongummi gefertigt ist, aus einem einzigen Teil besteht und im Inneren nicht mit Wachs oder einem anderen Stoff bestrichen werden muß. In diesem Fall wird das aus drei Schichten bestehende Produkt leicht herausgezogen, ohne sich zu verformen, weil die Gummimatrize elastisch ist.The procedure is as in Example 1, with the difference that the one used as the template Form is flexible, since it is made of silicone rubber, from a single part and is not covered with wax or any other substance on the inside must become. In this case the product consists of three layers easily pulled out without deforming because the rubber matrix is elastic is.

Beispiel 3.Example 3.

Man geht wie in den Beispielen 1 oder 2 vor, man benutzt also die starre oder flexible Form, aber die innere, dritte Schicht, welche durch Sprühen oder manuell mit dem Pinsel aufgetragen wird, besteht aus 20 ... 35 Gewichtsteilen Glasfaser und 65 ... 80 Gewichtsteilen Polyesterharzlösung mit Härter. Dieses Gemisch wird durch einfaches Mischen der Glasfaser mit der Harzlösung und im Zeitpunkt der Verwendung, mit dem Härter hergestellt. Die Glasfasern können als Gewebe, Fäden oder in gehackter Form vorhanden sein. The procedure is as in Examples 1 or 2, so you use the rigid or flexible shape, but the inner, third layer, which can be sprayed or manually applied with a brush, consists of 20 ... 35 parts by weight of glass fiber and 65 ... 80 parts by weight of polyester resin solution with hardener. This mixture is done by simply mixing the glass fiber with the resin solution and at the time of use, made with the hardener. The glass fibers can be used as fabrics, Threads or in chopped form.

Beispiel 4.Example 4.

Wie in jedwelchem der Beispiele 1 ... 3 arbeitend, also dieselben Materialien und dieselben Vorgänge verwendend, aber starre oder flexible Matrizen von geeigneter Form benutzend, stellt man Platten oder Fliesen mit dem Aussehen von natürlichen Steinen her, bearbeitet für Bauten von verschiedenen Ausmaßen, welche auf der ganzen oberen Schicht sandgestrahlt werden.Working as in any of Examples 1 ... 3, i.e. the same materials and using the same processes, but rigid or flexible matrices of more suitable ones Using the form, one creates slabs or tiles with the appearance of natural stones, processed for buildings of different dimensions, which are sandblasted all over the top layer.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Naturstein-Imitationen sind feste Produkte, die keinerlei Art von Toxizität aufweisen und in keiner Weise die Umgebung angreifen. Die Lösungsmittel der Polymere werden vollständig während der Herstellung beseitigt, wenn man an sich bekannte Maßnahmen ergreift wo man arbeitet.The natural stone imitations according to the invention are solid products, which none Show type of toxicity and do not attack the environment in any way. The Solvents of the polymers are completely eliminated during production, if you take measures known per se where you work.

Die erfindungsgemäße Naturstein-lmitationen, hergestellt durch jedwelches der Beispiele 1 .... 3, kann man einzeln oder in Gruppierungen zusammengefügt anordnen, wobei sie untereinander unterschiedliche Formen haben (abhängig von der benutzten Form), so wie in der Natur. So kann man künstliche Felsen schaffen, mit oder ohne Wasserfälle, Höhlen, Wände mit Unebenheiten, Becken mit unebenen Wänden und Böden, Springbrunnen oder jedwelche anderen gewünschten Bauten im Inneren oder außerhalb von Gebäuden, welche das Ziel haben, den Eindruck einer natürlichen Landschaft zu erwecken. Solche Bauten sind geeignet für die Ausschmückung von Hotels, Restaurants, Kliniken, Häusern oder Appartements, Kindergärten, Zoos und anderer Interieurs, bzw. von Parks, botanischen Gärten und Zoos, Höfe von Villen, usw., weil die erfindungsgemäße Naturstein-Imitation witterungsfest und widerstandsfähig ist bei atmosphärischen Bedingungen in einem veränderlichen Bereich (von Sommer bis Winter).The natural stone imitations according to the invention, produced by any of the Examples 1 ... 3 can be arranged individually or in groups, whereby they have different shapes from each other (depending on the form used), just like in nature. So you can create artificial rocks with or without waterfalls, caves, walls with bumps, pools with uneven walls and floors, fountains or any other desired Buildings inside or outside of buildings that target have the impression of a natural landscape. Such buildings are suitable for decorating hotels, restaurants, clinics, houses or apartments, kindergartens, zoos and other interiors, or of parks, botanical gardens and zoos, courtyards of villas, etc. because of the invention Natural stone imitation is weatherproof and resistant to atmospheric Conditions in a variable range (from summer to winter).

Eine andere Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Naturstein-Imitation besteht beim Einrahmen einiger Möbelteile (Bücherschrank, Vitrine, Wandschrank, usw.) in einen Verzierungsbau aus diesen Kunststeinen oder einer Kombination mit anderen Materialien oder Werkstücken (z.B. aus rostfreiem Stahl oder einem anderen Metall, Glas, Holz) zum Schaffen eines Innen- oder Außen-Designs.Another use of the natural stone imitation according to the invention exists when framing some furniture parts (bookcase, showcase, closet, etc.) into a decorative building made of these artificial stones or a combination with other materials or workpieces (e.g. made of stainless steel or another Metal, glass, wood) to create an interior or exterior design.

Die plattenförmigen Produkte gemäß Beispiel 4 werden bei der Verblendung von Wänden, Decken, Böden, einiger Möbelteile oder bei jedwelcher anderen Anwendung, bei der man Platten aus natürlichem Stein benutzt, verwendet.The plate-shaped products according to Example 4 are when veneering Walls, ceilings, floors, some furniture parts or any other application, using natural stone slabs.

Claims (3)

  1. Artificial stone for ornamental constructions characterized in that it consists of three layers,
    a discontinuous layer at the external surface, with different tinges and having a thickness of 0...5 mm, which consists of 28...48% by weight polyester resin with hardener or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with addition of a crosslinking agent, 50...70% by weight quartz flour and 2...10% by weight pigments,
    an intermediary continuous monocoloured layer having a thickness of 2...5 mm, which consists of 28...48% by weight polyester resin with hardener or polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene, possibly with addition of reticulation agent, 50...70% by weight quartz flour and 2...10% by weight pigments, that determines the background colour, and
    an inner layer, representing the support and resistance layer, having a thickness of 3...10 mm, which consists of 100% by weight polyurethane foam with hardener or of 20...35% by weight glass fibre and 65...80% by weight polyester resin with hardener,
    so that the artificial stone has the shape and tinge of a natural stone.
  2. Method for producing artificial stone for ornamental constructions according to claim 1, characterized in that in a rigid or a flexible mould, imitating the shape of a natural stone, composition for the external surface is applied by spraying or with a brush on some parts of its inner surface, this layer is let to harden, on the whole inner surface is applied by spraying or with a brush composition for the intermediary layer and is let until hardens, binding itself with the parts already hardened of the first layer, on the inner surface thus formed a continuous layer of composition of polyurethane with hardener is applied by spraying or a continuous layer of composition based on polyester resin, hardener and glass fibre is applied by spraying or with a brush, this layer is let to harden, resulting a structure of three solid layers, binded to each other, which is drawn out manually from the rigid or the flexible mould and, finally, the whole outer surface of the product thus obtained is sandblasted.
  3. Method for producing artificial stone for ornamental constructions according to claim 1, characterized in that in a rigid or a flexible mould, imitating the shape of a natural stone, on its inner surface a continuous layer of composition of polyurethane with hardener is applied by spraying or a continuous layer of composition based on polyester resin, hardener and glass fibre is applied by spraying or with a brush, this layer is let to harden, then it is drawn out from the rigid or the flexible mould and on its whole outer surface is applied by spraying or with a brush a continuous layer of monocoloured composition for the intermediary layer, this layer is let to harden, over it is applied discontinuously a layer of compositions for the external surface having different tinges, it is let to harden and, finally, the resulting structure of three binded layers is sandblasted on its whole outer surface.
EP98904454A 1997-11-03 1998-02-25 Stone imitation for decorating building structures and methods for the production thereof Expired - Lifetime EP1028857B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RO9702040 1997-11-03
RO97-02040A RO113830B1 (en) 1997-11-03 1997-11-03 Stone-like decorative object and process for manufacturing the same
PCT/RO1998/000004 WO1999022947A1 (en) 1997-11-03 1998-02-25 Imitation stones for decorating building structures and a method for the production thereof

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EP1028857B1 true EP1028857B1 (en) 2002-04-24

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RO (1) RO113830B1 (en)
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006027053A1 (en) * 2006-06-10 2007-12-13 Andre Ebersbach Cast stone molded body, comprises individual surface formation, which is adapted to a surface formation of a natural stone or a wood grain
CN105835606A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-08-10 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 Landscape organizing method for rubble and artificial hills and construction technology

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2211262B1 (en) * 2001-12-12 2005-07-16 Totalstone, S.A. PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING WALL AND ARCHITECTURAL REPRODUCTIONS, AND RESULTING PRODUCT.
CN101962508B (en) * 2010-07-12 2012-07-11 周荣华 Imitation copper paint and preparation method and construction technology thereof

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US3219735A (en) * 1962-05-10 1965-11-23 Gen Mills Inc Process for producing a decorative coating and products produced by said process
GB1076167A (en) * 1963-05-21 1967-07-19 Mecmax Ltd Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of artificial materials
FR2259070A1 (en) * 1974-01-30 1975-08-22 Bozec Philippe Le Thermosetting resin-based compsns - for surfacing materials resembling natural marble
US4868018A (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-09-19 Henry Schiffer Artifical marble

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006027053A1 (en) * 2006-06-10 2007-12-13 Andre Ebersbach Cast stone molded body, comprises individual surface formation, which is adapted to a surface formation of a natural stone or a wood grain
CN105835606A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-08-10 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 Landscape organizing method for rubble and artificial hills and construction technology
CN105835606B (en) * 2016-05-17 2019-04-12 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 The group scape method and construction technology of a kind of rockery

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ATE216655T1 (en) 2002-05-15
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ES2175667T3 (en) 2002-11-16
DE59803937D1 (en) 2002-05-29
RO113830B1 (en) 1998-11-30
PL340289A1 (en) 2001-01-29
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