EP0758958B1 - Process for producing decorating materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for procucing coloured flat decorating materials in which a separation layer and at least one curable pigment or dye-containing resin layer are applied to a structuring negative material and, after curing, the resin layer is released from the negative material, and in which there is a platelet-like effect pigment in at least one of the resin layers.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing colored planar Decorative materials. In the field of decorative coating or cladding materials there is an ongoing need for novel color and structure effects. In particular, there is a need for processes with which very different, color and structure effects corresponding to the respective ideas can be achieved.

In the prior art, there are various methods for coating of surfaces as well as for the production of such coatings. This is done by arranging different, mostly transparent layers tried to optically give the impression of a depth effect Replicate structure. Process for the production of flat decorative materials, the next to these known optical spatial effects have a real surface structure are not yet known.

EP-A-0 249 156 discloses a method in which a curable transparent Liquid is placed in a substantially plate-shaped vessel, to manufacture decorative surface cladding. In the transparent Liquid are plate-shaped materials that give the layer an optical appearance should give three-dimensional effect. To achieve this effect reinforce, the plate-shaped materials within the transparent Liquid with the help of a nozzle arrangement at different angles aligned with the surface of the layer to be manufactured in this way.

EP-A-0 357 808 describes a method for coating flat surfaces Materials known to achieve a marbled effect decor, in which the coating produced from two superimposed layers of one transparent thermoplastic or thermosetting, under compression conditions good flowable synthetic resin. The in terms of use lower layer has a platelet-shaped pigment. The pressing of layers with those determined for use Surface is done with a press tool. Even with this coating only an optical effect is generated, in particular a coating with a marbled effect decor.

A method has now been found with which in almost any way Surface structures can be molded, and these surface structures can be connected with almost any color effect structures can. An essential aspect here is that a structuring Negative material is selected, its surface in the later process is molded and the resulting material its surface structure gives. For this purpose, the negative material is provided with a thin separating layer, and it then becomes at least one containing pigment and / or dye curable resin layer applied. After the resin layer has hardened the product is detached from the negative material. Another essential one Aspect is that the pigment is a platelet-shaped effect pigment is used, whereby particularly attractive color effects are achieved can be.

The invention therefore relates to a process for the production of colored flat decorative materials, with a structuring negative material a separating layer and at least one containing pigment and / or dye curable resin layer is applied, and after curing the resin layer is detached from the negative material, and wherein in at least one the platelet-like effect pigment is contained in the resin layers.

In the drawings are some preferred embodiments of the invention Procedure shown.

Figure 1 shows the basic principle of the present invention, wherein a structuring negative material (1) with a separating layer (2) and one pigment-containing hardenable resin layer (3) is provided.

A preferred negative material (1) is glass, making it very smooth on the one hand Surfaces, on the other hand, however, by selecting appropriate structural glasses differently structured surfaces can also be achieved. in the In principle, however, any dimensionally stable and therefore moldable material can be used be, the selection solely according to the desired Surface structure aligns. Examples of this are stone slabs, e.g. Slate, wood, metal, plastic and the like. To make it particularly smooth and to achieve a perfect surface is preferred as a negative material Crystal mirror glass is used, which is cleaned and degreased well Commitment comes.

A thin separating layer (2) is applied to the negative material the only function is to glue the resin layer applied later (3) with the negative material (1) to prevent. Preferably therefore a waxy material is used, which is neither with the Negative material still connects the resin layer and after the completion of the Process, e.g. can be liquefied by heating to the extent that a the cured product can be easily separated. Waxy Substances of this type are known to the person skilled in the art and can e.g. in the Range of paraffins or silicones can be found. Are suitable however also, e.g. fluorinated hydrocarbons such as Tetrafluoropolyethylene. If a very smooth surface is to be achieved, the Apply the separation layer very carefully. Preferably the wax used for this is divided into several. e.g. 3-5 layers applied, each time applying the wax for a while, e.g. 1-10 hours, let harden and then take up with polishing cotton and smoothes.

In principle, after polishing out the last wax layer immediately the pigmented and possibly dye-containing resin layer (3) be applied. However, a protective layer is preferred first (7) applied, which is advantageously designed to be clearly transparent. The material used for this is preferably the same curable resin as for the subsequent layer can be used. To make a good separation from the To achieve the separation layer (2), this resin can have a small proportion, e.g. about 0.1-1% of an internal release wax can be added.

After the protective layer (7) has hardened, the pigmented and if necessary, dye-containing resin layer (3) applied.

You can do this by selecting, distributing and possibly combining pigments and dyes of any color decorations can be produced. As In principle, all single or multi-component resins can be used be by thermal, by radiation curing or other curing can be solidified and at least some time in one are pourable or spreadable condition. Suitable resins are e.g. Polyester, Epoxy resins or vinyl esters, e.g. based on acrylates and / or Methacrylates.

This resin is mixed with suitable before or during processing Pigments and / or dyes added. The pigments and / or Dyes can be evenly distributed in the resin layer, but it can also be due to uneven distribution in addition to the surface structures color structures can also be displayed. The resin layer can be applied in one operation or in several Steps, if necessary with an intermediate hardening of the respectively applied Layer. If several layers of resin are applied, they can may be colored or pigmented differently. It can e.g. first apply a pigmented resin layer and then a colored layer.

According to the invention, particularly decorative effects are achieved through the use of platelet-like effect pigments, e.g. Metal flakes, platelet-shaped metal oxides, phthalocyanines and especially the metal oxide mica pigments known as pearlescent pigments. At these pigments known under the trade name Iriodin® natural mica platelets with a thin layer of metal oxide are covered. Through light refraction and multiple reflection the phase boundaries of this multilayer pigment depend on Viewing angle to interference effects and depending on the size of the platelets to more or less pronounced gloss effects. Depending on the type and thickness of the metal oxide coating, e.g. colorless or colored metal oxides, can in addition to or instead of the interference color also a more or less pronounced body color contribute to the effect.

The proportion of pigments and / or dyes in the resin layer depends on depends essentially on the desired effect, but is usually in the Range from about 1 to about 20% by weight.

The individual resin layers generally have a thickness of approximately 0.5 up to about 2 mm, in particular from about 0.5 to about 1.5 mm. If more Layers are applied, a total thickness of about 2-3 mm in usually not exceeded, although the procedure itself the user no limits imposed.

After the resin layer has hardened, it can be removed from the negative material can be removed and is already a more or less flexible film already operational. However, the resin layer is preferred depending on desired application with additional layers or elements connected. Some of these refinements of the invention Processes are shown in Figs. 2 to 6

In Fig. 2, (4) denotes an additional lamination layer, that of the resin layer an additional stabilization or strength gives. For example, a glass fiber reinforced lamination can be used Serve polyester resin. Other examples of this are known to those skilled in the art common.

In Figure 3, (6) denotes a core material that can be created using a Adhesive layer (5) is connected to the resin layer (3). This e.g. out Wood, metal, plastic, gypsum or synthetic composite materials Kern's job is to provide the product with specific applications to give necessary material properties and can depend on desired properties can be selected practically arbitrarily. Especially the functional properties of the product design as desired, e.g. towards fire protection or heat or sound insulation or to set the desired thickness or strength.

If the core material itself is not dimensionally stable or, e.g. for wood, due to external influences, e.g. Moisture absorption, itself can deform, it is expedient to the core material (6) on both sides Stabilize applied lamination layers (4) as shown in Figure 4 is shown.

Finally, Figure 5 shows an embodiment that is symmetrical is constructed and a core material (6) on both sides with each a resin layer (3) is provided, so that in this arrangement product with color and structure effects on both sides is formed.

With the method according to the invention, all structures can be Create kind. In particular, these are flat shapes such as plates or Tiles can also be made with curved or spherical shapes will. The products are used in particular Wall, ceiling or furniture cladding but also e.g. for floor coverings. Especially in this area of application, also in others where in addition to the decorative effects, it is also insensitive to mechanical, chemical or other influences, the Arrangement of a protective layer (7), as exemplified in Figure 6 is shown to be very advantageous. This protective layer, which in turn consists of a curable varnish or resin, is immediately on the Separating layer (2) applied and forms the structure of the negative material from. This protective layer provides after detaching the product from the Negative material is the surface of the product and is therefore preferred colorless transparent design. The way of applying each Layers or materials are known per se to the person skilled in the art. Especially for liquid materials this can e.g. by painting, rolling, Spraying, dipping or pouring happen.

Allow the products produced by the process of the invention depending on the materials used in particular for the core all usual processes, e.g. Sawing, cutting, milling, drilling and edit other molding processes and can therefore be practical unlimited use.

Claims (9)

1. Process for producing coloured sheetlike decorative materials, in which a release layer and at least one curable, pigment- and/or dye-containing resin layer, is applied to a texture-imparting negative material and, after curing has taken place, the resin layer is detached from the negative material, and in which a platelet-shaped special-effect pigment is present in at least one of the resin layers.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that a laminating layer as well is applied to the resin layer.
3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an adhesive layer and a core are additionally applied.
4. Process according to Claim 3, characterized in that the core is provided on both sides with an adhesive layer and a laminating layer.
5. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a transparent protective layer is applied adjoining the release layer.
6. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a sheetlike pattern is inserted into at least one of the curable, pigment- and/or dye-containing resin layers.
7. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sequence negative material/release layer/optional protective layer/pigment-containing resin layer/optional laminating layer/optional adhesive layer/core is repeated on the other side of the core in reverse order.
8. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that glass is employed as the negative material.
9. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a metal oxide-coated mica pigment is employed as the platelet-shaped special-effect pigment.

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