EP1028072A1 - Laoding and compacting device for the collecting container of a refuse collecting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The container has a moveable discharge blade, compression blade (5), clearer blade (6), and power bar (11) to pivot the compression blade. The power bar is hinged to the side of the pressure blade away from the intake opening (10) of the container, and to the end of the pivoted stern section (3) in the roof area. In compression position, compression blade and clearer blade are in position parallel to, or on the level of the intake opening. The opening is covered by the blades, and the clearer blade is at an angle of approx. 180 degrees relative to the compression blade.

Description

The present invention relates to a loading and compacting device for the collection container of a refuse collection vehicle, the one at the rear filling opening and one in the collecting container has longitudinally displaceable discharge plate, against that the filled waste is compacted with a rear rear part pivotably articulated on the collecting container, which is designed in the lower area as a loading tub, with a Press plate, which at its upper end by a transverse to the vehicle longitudinal direction horizontal axis swiveling in the rear part in a pivot bearing is mounted, which is parallel to the level of Filling opening is movable, with a clearing plate, which is also pivotable in the vehicle longitudinal direction at the free end of the Press plate is articulated, and with a first force member for Swiveling the press plate.

The present invention also relates to a working method of a rear loading and compression device for the Collection container of a refuse collection vehicle, the rear part has, which is formed in the lower region as a loading tub is, and which is a plate plant from a press plate and a Has clearing plate, the press plate at its upper end pivotable about an axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the rear part in a parallel to the level of a fill opening movable pivot bearing and the clearing plate also around an axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is pivoted at the free end of the press plate, wherein to pivot the press plate, a first force element, for moving of the pivot bearing a second force element, and for pivoting the clearing plate a third relative to the press plate Force member is provided, and wherein the pivot bearing of Panel plant in the starting position of the working process in the upper end position, the plates are stretched or nearly stretched to each other, and the press plate is completely swung up.

Loading and compacting devices of this type are known and serve to convey and compress the emptied into the loading tub Waste into the collection container. From the general State of the art are two-plate plants as loading and Compression devices known which are a guide or Carrier plate and a press and clearing plate articulated to this have, the guide plate only in linear Direction is displaceable. So that this well-known loading and compression device can perform its function becomes the guide plate from an upper end position with the press and Clearing plate moved diagonally down towards the loading tub, so then the press and clearing plate is used to clear out the Loading tub in the direction of the filling opening of the collecting container pivoted and in this position together with the guide plate drove diagonally upwards. A disadvantage of this version it is on the one hand that the loading and compression due to the Direction of movement of the two-platen movement is not horizontal Longitudinal direction of the collection container, and the other decisive for an effective loading and compaction performance Cycle volume, that is to say during a work cycle from the Volume over which the loading and compression device passes the swivel radius of the press and clearing plate and the travel path the guide plate is limited. Furthermore, it is known with this Loading and compression device disadvantageous that the collection container due to the direction of compaction in the roof area is very heavily used.

In another that belongs to the general state of the art Embodiment of a loading and compacting device the carrier plate part of a four-bar transmission and as Coupling member formed. The way of construction and the arrangement of the four-bar linkage also enables this just an approximately linear oblique upward movement and a slight movement of the carrier plate in horizontal Direction. This known loading and compression device differs differ only insignificantly from that previously described Embodiment.

Finally, a loading and compacting device is known from the general prior art, which consists of a single on a swivel frame hinged plate, the first when the swivel frame is lowered, clear out the loading tub and then conveying and compacting by lifting the swivel frame of waste in the collection container. In this embodiment it is disadvantageous that the plate is not over the can extend the entire width of the rear part, since a laterally there must be sufficient space for the swivel frame.

A loading and compacting device is known from EP 0 149 436 A1 known that also only from a single plate exists, which takes over the clearing and compaction function. On The end of this plate is locally articulated in the rear part fixed paddock connected. A hydraulic cylinder drives it Link on a circular path and thus enables one on the Circular path variable position of the pivot point of the clearing and Press plate. Another hydraulic cylinder is on the clearing and Press plate articulated and enables their pivoting movement around the pivot point specified by the corresponding coupling position. By designing the compression unit as undivided Plate and the by the spatial arrangement and dimensional Design of the coupling elements and hydraulic cylinders specified However, the kinematics of the plate result in a relatively low charge cycle volume and thus a low loading capacity of the refuse collection vehicle.

Furthermore, EP 0 691 289 A1 describes a loading and compacting device known from a carrier plate and a clearing plate articulated to this at the lower end consists. The carrier plate is linearly displaceable at one end stored in slanted rails in the rear section and A pivot point is a coaxial to the pivot point of the clearing plate Coupling provided, which with its other pivot point with the Tail section is connected. The carrier plate is used for the loading process by means of a hydraulic cylinder in the slide rails procedure, while at the same time making a slight Coupling carries out predetermined pivoting movement. The actual loading and compression process is essentially only through the Clearing plate executed. The charging behavior only differs irrelevant to the linear designs described at the beginning guided carrier plate, since a quasilinear movement and waste conveyance and compaction directed diagonally upwards is present.

For example, US Pat. No. 3,746,192 discloses in FIG. 3 a loading and compacting device for the collecting container Refuse collection vehicle that has a rear opening and a discharge label that can be moved longitudinally in the collecting container against which the filled waste is compressed. A rear part is pivotably articulated on the rear of the collection container, which is designed in the lower area as a loading tub. A press plate is also provided which is arranged transversely to the The longitudinal axis of the vehicle can be pivoted in the rear section is mounted in a pivot bearing, and a first force member to swivel this press plate. The swivel bearing of the press plate is arranged movably in the rear part, and the first On the one hand, the force element engages on the one facing away from the filling opening Side of the press plate and on the other hand at the end of the rear part in the roof area. However, the press plate is here integrally formed with an upper part and a lower part, which enclose an angle of about 140 °.

Finally, DE-OS 24 44 771 discloses a loading and compacting device for the collection container of a refuse collection vehicle with the features mentioned above. In one in there Figure 8 embodiment shown is a force member (339) provided for pivoting the press plate (315).

All known loading and compression devices described above is a disadvantage in common that the positions of the elements active during the working cycles, namely the Press plate and the clearing plate, if available, during the Working cycle III, the compression cycle, unchanged from one another stay. If there is only one active element (as with the US-A 3,746,192), this is shaped by an L-shape so that both clearing and compacting is possible. Indeed in both configurations close the active, the filling opening surfaces of the plate plant facing the collecting container during the entire compression stroke one more or less obtuse angles, which has the disadvantage that the volume determined by the obtuse angle between the Panel plant and the collecting container not for the compression process can be used.

The object of the present invention is a loading and compacting device of the type mentioned at the beginning and a working process for such a further training that a large loading volume per work cycle, optimal loading, one high compaction of the waste and a low load the collection container structure is guaranteed.

This task is done with a loading and compacting device with the features described above according to the invention solved that the first force member on the one hand at the filling opening opposite side of the press plate and on the other End of the rear part is articulated in the roof area, wherein the press plate and the clearing plate positioned in relation to this the position a position parallel to or in the plane the filling opening, and the clearing plate in the Press position when the filling opening through the press plate and the clearing plate is closed, an angle α to the press plate of 180 ° or approximately 180 °.

The above task is used in a working process of the type mentioned at the outset further by the following steps solved: a) in a work cycle I the filling position of the plate factory achieved by the pivot bearing of the Press plate is shut down; b) in one work cycle II the press plate is partially swung down and the Clearing plate relative to the press plate in the direction of the filling opening of the collecting container pivoted until the lower edge of the Roughing plate roughly in the level of the press plate swivel bearing lies; and, c) in a work cycle III, the compression takes place by a superimposed movement of the press plate and the Clearing plate by the press plate swivel bearing and thereby the Press plate itself raised and at the same time the press plate and the clearing plate is pivoted in the direction of the filling opening until the plates are stretched or nearly stretched towards each other lie in the plane of the press plate swivel bearing.

The solutions according to the invention have a decisive advantage on: by the fact that work cycle III, namely the compression cycle, from a superimposed movement of both involved active plate elements, is at startup and Swiveling the press plate simultaneously the position of the clearing plate changed in relation to the press plate so that the enclosed volume between the plates and the collection container approaches zero, namely when the clearing plate and the press plate form a plane and parallel to the filling opening of the collection container. Through this movement overlay a significantly improved compaction of the waste in the Collection container reached. It is essential that the press plate and the clearing plate positioned in relation to this in the press position a total of one position parallel to or in the plane the filling opening of the collecting container.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

There is preferably an in parallel to the fill opening in the rear part extending pair of slide rails 8 attached, in which the swivel bearing of the press plate can be moved is recorded. These slide rails allow compared to a spindle guide or the like a particularly maintenance and trouble-free operation of the loading and compacting device.

For positioning the swivel bearing of the press plate in the rear section is preferably a pair of second force members on the one hand the rear section and on the other hand connected to the press plate. Here, the part connected to the press plate engages of the pair of second force elements on the axis of the pivot bearing at, whose directions of force approximately the longitudinal direction of the Corresponding pair of slide rails. The positioning cylinders are included mounted on the outer walls of the rear part and come with it not in contact with the waste to be loaded.

The clearing plate articulated on the press plate becomes dependent from the position of the press plate by means of a third Power member pivoted and clears with its pivoting movement Loading tub in the direction of the filling opening of the collecting container out. Here, this third force element can of course also in pairs symmetrically on the side facing away from the waste be arranged.

There is an advantageous further development of the working process in that the piston / cylinder position of the first force element not changed during work cycle III. That's it recognizable that the press plate during the loading cycle completed movement in addition to the described possibility by means of two pairs of force elements (first force element 11 and second force element 9, each in pairs) also by means of a combination of one Pairs of power links and a coupling could be realized.

Finally, it is readily apparent to the person skilled in the art that the movement sequences of the individual work cycles of the charging cycle appropriate control takes place.

The following is a preferred embodiment of the invention explained in more detail using a drawing.

Fig. 1

eine aufgeschnittene Seitenansicht eines Abfallsammelfahrzeugs;

Fig. 2a - 2e

aufgeschnittene Seitenansichten des Heckteils 3 mit der Belade- und Verdichtungseinrichtung in verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen; und

Fig. 3

eine Rückansicht des Heckteils 3

Show it:

Fig. 1

a cut side view of a refuse collection vehicle;

2a-2e

cut-away side views of the rear part 3 with the loading and compacting device in different working positions; and

Fig. 3

a rear view of the rear part 3

Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a refuse collection vehicle with a collecting container 2, which has a filling opening at the rear 10 and one in the collecting container 2 by means of a telescopic cylinder (15) longitudinally displaceable discharge plate 14 has, against which the filled waste is compressed, and with a pivotally articulated on the rear side of the collecting container 2 Rear part 3, which is formed in the lower region as a loading tub 13 is. In the rear part 3 is a loading and compacting device 4 arranged, which consists essentially of a Press plate 5 and a clearing plate articulated on this 6 exists. The press plate 5 is over with the rear part 3 a pivot bearing 7 connected in a pair of slide rails 8 is stored (of which only the one on the left side of the vehicle slide can be seen) that with the rear part 3 are firmly connected. The slide rails 8 are in the rear part 3 directly at the connection point to the collecting container 2 in upper area and with a parallel to the filling opening 10, here vertical axis attached. The pivot bearing 7 is guided in the sliding rails 8 so that the The pivot point of the press plate 5 in the rear part 3 is variable in height. Piston / cylinder arrangements serve to position the pivot bearing 7 formed second force members 9 that directly attack on the pivot bearing 7 and of which in this illustration also only the piston / cylinder arrangement on the left side of the vehicle you can see. The for loading and Compression process required movements of the press plate 5 and the clearing plate 6 are by a first force member 11 and a third force element 12 is triggered, which preferably also are designed as piston / cylinder arrangements. Here is that third force element 12 on the one hand on the filling opening 10 opposite side of the press plate 5 articulated, and on the other hand in the area of the upper edge of the clearing plate 6. This is a pivoting the clearing plate 6 relative to the press plate 5 possible. The first force element 11 has its abutment in the roof area of the Rear part 3 and its articulation point at the filling opening 10 opposite side of the press plate 5.

Figures 2a to 2e show a schematic side view of the Rear part 3 with the loading and compacting device 4 in successive working positions, hereinafter referred to as Bars are referred to and during a complete work cycle be run through.

In Fig. 2a there is the loading and compacting device 4 in their starting position. Here is the piston / cylinder arrangement 9 extended and thus the pivot bearing 7 in the slide rails 8 positioned at the top. At the same time are the first force link 11 and the third power element 12 retracted so that the Press plate 5 in the raised position and the clearing plate 6 are in the open position.

2b shows the first work cycle. The swivel bearing 7 in the slide rails 8 by retracting the second force element 9 move down. This is the pivot point the press plate 5 in an optimal position for the further course of the loading and compacting process.

Fig. 2c shows the next cycle, at the end of which Press plate 5 by extending the first force member 11 into one Position is pivoted in the pivot point of the clearing plate 6 lies in the center of the radius of curvature of the loading tub 13. Before this position has been reached is due to the swiveling movement of the Press plate 5 with the opened clearing plate 6 already partially Promotion of waste in the loading tub 13 in Direction of the filling opening 10 of the collecting container 2 takes place.

The subsequent work cycle is ended in FIG. 2d. The Broaching plate 6 is by extending the third piston / cylinder arrangement 12 swung in, causing part of the in the loading tub 13 existing waste promoted in the collection container 2 been and another part between clearing plate 6, press plate 5 and collecting container 2 is included. In one here in particular advantageous embodiment of the invention is the End edge of the clearing plate 6 approximately in this work cycle the lower end edge of the collecting container 2.

2e shows the end position of the loading and compacting device 4 after the completion of a complete charging cycle. When the second piston / cylinder arrangement 9 is extended, this becomes Swivel bearing 7 in the slide rails 8 moved upwards. The extended first piston / cylinder arrangement 11 forms a coupling rod an articulated gear, the second element of the press plate 5 is formed. Due to the special arrangement the bearing points and the dimensioning of the components is the Press plate 5 by the upward movement of the pivot bearing 7 the first force element 11 on a circular path around its pivot bearing 7 pivoted towards the collecting container 2. This Pivotal movement of the press plate 5 is by a third force member 12, which between the press plate 5 and the clearing plate 6th is arranged, transferred to the clearing plate 6, whereby the Waste is conveyed through the filling opening 10 into the collecting container 2 and at the same time against the one already in it Waste and the discharge plate 14 is compressed. Here is it is particularly advantageous that the clearing plate 6 in this press position, so when the filler opening 10 through the press plate 5 and the clearing plate 6 is closed with the press plate 5 takes an angle α of approximately 180 °. Based on Illustration is evident that the press plate 5 and the this positioned clearing plate 6 in this press position in essentially a position in the plane of the filling opening 10 take in. Furthermore, it is readily apparent that due to the arrangement of the first piston / cylinder arrangement 11 and due to the two-part construction that folds in the middle consisting of the press plate 5 and the clearing plate 6 Plattenwerk an extremely powerful and therefore effective Compaction of the waste in the longitudinal direction of the collecting container results.

Fig. 3 shows a rear view of the rear part 3. Using this The illustration shows that the first force element 11, the second force element 9 and the third force element 12 each available in pairs and symmetrical to the vehicle center axis are arranged.

Claims (8)

Loading and compacting device for the collection container (2) of a refuse collection vehicle (1), which has a filling opening (10) on the rear side and an emptying plate (14) which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction in the collection container (2) and against which the filled refuse is compressed, with one on the rear side the collecting container (2) pivotally articulated rear part (3), which is designed in the lower area as a loading trough (13), with a press plate (5) which at its upper end can be pivoted in the rear part (3) about an axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is mounted in a swivel bearing (7) which can be moved parallel to the level of the filler opening (10), with a clearing plate (6) which is also articulated to the free end of the press plate (5) so as to be pivotable about an axis transverse to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and with a first force element (11) for pivoting the press plate (5),
characterized in that
the first force element (11) is articulated on the one hand on the side of the press plate (5) facing away from the filling opening (10) and on the other hand at the end of the rear part (3) in the roof area thereof, the press plate (5) and the clearing plate (6 ) assume a position parallel to or in the plane of the filling opening (10) in the pressing position, and the clearing plate (6) in the pressing position when the filling opening (10) is closed by the pressing plate (5) and the clearing plate (6) , to the press plate (5) an angle α of 180 ° or approximately 180 °. Loading and compacting device according to claim 1,
characterized by a pair of slide rails (8) which are arranged in the rear part (3) in a direction parallel to the filler opening (10) and which movably accommodate the swivel bearing (7) of the press plate (5). Loading and compression device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
To position the swivel bearing (7) of the press plate (5) in the rear part (3), a pair of second force elements (9) is connected on the one hand to the rear part (3) and on the other hand to the press plate (5). Loading and compression device according to claim 3,
characterized in that
the part of the pair of second force members (9) connected to the press plate (5) engages on the axis of the pivot bearing (7). Loading and compression device according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized in that
the pair of second force members (9) is mounted on the side outer walls of the rear part (3). Loading and compression device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
a third force element (12) is arranged between the press plate (5) and the clearing plate (6), which causes a pivoting movement of the clearing plate (6) relative to the press plate (5). Working method of a rear-side loading and compacting device for the collection container (2) of a refuse collection vehicle (1), which has a rear part (3), which is designed in the lower region as a loading trough (13), and which has a plate assembly made of a press plate (5) and has a clearing plate (6), the pressing plate (5) being pivoted at its upper end about an axis lying transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the rear part (3) in a swivel bearing (7) which can be moved parallel to the plane of a filling opening (10) and the clearing plate (6) is also articulated to the free end of the press plate (5) so as to be pivotable about an axis lying transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a first force member (11) for pivoting the press plate (5) and a second force member (9 for moving the pivot bearing (7) ), and for pivoting the clearing plate (6) relative to the press plate (5) a third force member (12) is provided, and wherein the pivot bearing (7) of the plate assembly (5, 6) i n relates to the starting position of the working process in the upper end position, the plates (5, 6) are arranged stretched or nearly stretched relative to one another, and the press plate (5) is pivoted up completely,
characterized by the following process steps: a) in one work cycle (I) the filling position of the plate plant (5, 6) is reached by lowering the pivot bearing (7); b) in one work cycle (II), the press plate (5) is partially pivoted downwards and the clearing plate (6) is pivoted relative to the press plate (5) in the direction of the filling opening (10) until the lower edge of the clearing plate (6) is approximately in the travel level of the pivot bearing (7); and c) in one work cycle (III), the compression takes place through a superimposed movement of the press plate (5) and the clearing plate (6), in which the pivot bearing (7) and thus the press plate (5) are raised and at the same time the press plate (5) and the clearing plate (6) is pivoted in the direction of the filling opening (10) until the plates (5, 6) lie stretched or almost stretched relative to one another in the plane of movement of the pivot bearing (7). Working method according to claim 7,
characterized in that the first power element (11) is a piston / cylinder arrangement and that the piston / cylinder position of the first power element (11) does not change during the working cycle (III).

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