Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
  • B41M5/262—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used recording or marking of inorganic surfaces or materials, e.g. glass, metal, or ceramics
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
  • B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser

Definitions

• the present invention applies to technology of a laser treatment for the solid materials, in particular, to the technology of image formation into volume of the transparent wares with different colour effects.
• a light-scattering image inside volume of sample of transparent material is formed with a laser by focusing of a laser radiation in prescribed point of volume with a power density that exceeds the threshold value of optical volume breakdown of sample's material [5].
• the method [5] is considered as the nearest to the submitted invention on the basis of the essential characteristics and, therefore it is chosen as the nearest analogue-prototype.
• the prescribed image is formed by dots by moving an object relatively to a laser beam in three mutually perpendicular directions according to the prescribed law.
• the method [5] enables to form the prescribed three-dimensional images in volume of sample of transparent material with saving of an integrity of its surface.
• That method can be applied for formation on any prescribed three-dimensional images in volume of wares of transparent material: logotypes, trademarks, marks and etc.
• Demerit of the method [5] is a colourlessness and low contrast of obtained image, because the image is formed from the colourless zones of a laser lesion in transparent material and it is got visible only by scattering a radiation of outer light source.
• the colourlessness and low contrast of obtained image greatly eliminate an artistic finish and appearance of goods with intra volume images.
• a task to be solved with submitted method is to produce wares with coloured intra volume images and an achievable technical result is to obtain the coloured intra volume and three-dimensional images.
• every dot of forming image into transparent sample is fired with the focused laser radiation with a power density that exceeds the threshold value of optical volume breakdown of the material.
• the porous material is used as a transparent material, and that porous stuff contains, at least, one substance that changes irreversibly its physical and chemical characteristics by influence of factors of optical volume breakdown into volume of a transparent material.
• a usage of transparent sample of various kinds of porous material e.g. porous glass
• colourless or slightly coloured substance changes its colouring by an influence of factors of an optical volume breakdown and the subsequent treatment (e.g. chemical, thermal, light, acoustic).
• each of these factors taken separately or their combination may be used for obtaining of colouring effect for a breakdown zone and a sample's area adjoining to it.
• the components that are sensitive to plasma's radiation of a laser breakdown and in the same time, are non-reacting to a radiation with wavelength of a laser generation are inserted into the sample, so as a result of an irradiation with a laser plasma's light, the optical characteristics (an absorption spectrum) of inserted components are changed in the zone of a laser breakdown and the area adjoining to it. Thus, the colours of that area are changed.
• the dimensions of the coloured area will be specified both by optical characteristics of the component, (an absorption rate), and by its concentration. The higher an absorption rate and a concentration of photosensitive component are, the less area where an effect of colouring change will be localized in.
• a problem of selection components that are insensitive to plasma's radiation and in the same time, are reacting to a radiation of a laser breakdown, may be easily solved, because a plasma's radiation, owing to its high temperature, shifted to ultraviolet part of spectrum.
• almost all of the known photo-materials e.g. on a basis of silver halides
• a laser radiation in red or infrared part of the spectrum e.g. a laser with alum yttrium garnet - 1.06 ⁇ m or a ruby - 649.3 nm
• the colouring changes will be localized in area of intra volume laser breakdown.
• an effect of a thermal impaction may be used for colouring change in an area of a laser breakdown.
• the following components are to inserted into a transparent sample: either the components that change the spectrum of an absorption (colouring) as a result of heating, or the components that react with each other as a result of heating with a formation of new components which have colours different from ones of the original components.
• Such substances are well known - e.g. ammoniac metavanadate that has a white colouring in an original condition and decomposes at 150°C to the components that have a red-yellow colouring [8].
• a localization of effect of colouring changes is provided by the following condition: high temperature heating is localized in the area of a laser breakdown.
• an effect of plasma chemical influence and shock wave's impact may be used to change a colouring in area of laser breakdown. Due to such influences the physical and chemical characteristics of molecules inserted into the transparent sample of substance are changed.
• the obtained coloured image can be strengthened and/or intensified by additional treatment of the sample. All the physical and chemical reactions are described in [9].
• a composition of a transparent sample and chemical add-ons that change irreversibly their physical and chemical characteristics by the influence of factors of an optical breakdown and that are suitable in the proposed invention are maybe quite different. Due to the high energy density in the field of the focusing of laser radiation, the large physical and chemical transformations of these substances are possible. Beneath only some of possible examples of the invention implementation are given. All the happening chemical reactions are described in e.g. [7,9].
• a sample of porous glass may be used as a transparent object and that glass was obtained by a lixiviation of an article of sodaboro silicate glass DB1m in a solution of hydrochloric acid.
• a pore volume is 0.3 cm 3 /cm 3 (in average pore diameter of 8 to 10nm).
• samples are fired by a laser radiation focused into volume with an alum yttrium garnet with wavelength of 1.06 ⁇ m and power sufficient for arising of intra-volume breakdown.
• the dark-brown zones are appeared with dimensions of ⁇ 0.1 mm (a mode of direct blackening).
• the samples after the irradiation, are treated with a diluted developing-fixing solution LIKI with subsequent rinsing into distilled water.
• the samples of porous glass obtained according to the example 1 may be saturated by dipping into liquid solution of potassium ferroxasalate that is photosensitive to ultraviolet radiation with a formation of ferrous salt. After an irradiation of the obtained samples in the mode of an optical intra-volume breakdown by a laser radiation on alum yttrium garnet, the samples are saturated with a solution of ferricyanic potassium. As a result of chemical reaction of ferrous iron with ferricyanic potassium, the zones of intensive blue colouring are appeared.
• the samples of porous glass obtained according to the example 1 may be saturated by dipping into liquid solution of potassium ferroxasalate that is photosensitive to ultraviolet radiation as the same as in the example 2. After an irradiation of the obtained samples in the mode of an optical intra volume breakdown by a laser radiation on alum yttrium garnet, the samples are saturated with a solution of 1.10-phenanthryl. As a result of chemical reaction the zones of intensive red colouring are appeared.
• the submitted invention can be widely used for formation of coloured intra-volume images into the transparent materials, such as souvenirs and lamps.
• An application of proposed method for formation of coloured intra volume images into the transparent wares may improve an artistic finish and appearance of above goods.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
• Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-07-29 RU RU97112611A patent/RU2107047C1/ru active
• 1998
  • 1998-07-27 AU AU88925/98A patent/AU8892598A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-07-27 WO PCT/RU1998/000241 patent/WO1999006857A2/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-07-27 EP EP98940718A patent/EP1026523A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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