EP1026468A1 - Heat exchanger, more particularly plate-like heat exchanger for air separating apparatus - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, more particularly plate-like heat exchanger for air separating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1026468A1
EP1026468A1 EP00400094A EP00400094A EP1026468A1 EP 1026468 A1 EP1026468 A1 EP 1026468A1 EP 00400094 A EP00400094 A EP 00400094A EP 00400094 A EP00400094 A EP 00400094A EP 1026468 A1 EP1026468 A1 EP 1026468A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
heat exchanger
copper
air
exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00400094A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benoit Davidian
Marc Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1026468A1 publication Critical patent/EP1026468A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
    • F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/20—Particular dimensions; Small scale or microdevices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more in particular, a plate heat exchanger, allowing to exchange heat between at least two fluids in an air separation device.
  • An air separation device includes several types of exchanger heat.
  • a main heat exchanger is used to cool the supply air to the apparatus at distillation temperature by heat exchange with one or several fluids from the distillation apparatus. In some cases, this are pressurized liquids from the device that vaporize against air at distill in the exchanger.
  • These exchangers are normally made entirely made of aluminum or copper or alloys of these metals (WO95 / 28610, Hausen, Linde “Tieftemperaturtechnik", pages 468-471, “Large Tonnage Oxygen Plants -Brazed Aluminum Technology and Equipment for the 80's ", Duncan et al., Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, August 1980, "Improved Plant Main Condenser", O'Neill et al. , Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, August 1980).
  • the apparatus also comprises at least one vaporizer-condenser which is a heat exchanger placed inside or outside of the column.
  • vaporizers are usually made entirely of copper, stainless steel, nickel or aluminum and consist of at least two circuits, at least one of which is connected to the rest of the installation by means of piping welded to the equipment.
  • exchangers usually include a plurality of plates aluminum separated between them from 5 to 7.6 mm (US-A-4715433) with aluminum waves between the plates.
  • FIG. 7 shows the evolution of the effective area in wavelength function for different materials and at temperatures different.
  • the effective surface corresponds to the primary surface (sheets separators) plus the secondary surface (waves) corrected by the fin coefficient.
  • the separation between the adjacent edges of the plates is greater than 9 mm or 10 mm.
  • the thickness of the plates varies from 1mm to 2.5mm.
  • the thickness of the waves varies from 0.1mm to 0.4mm.
  • the frequency of the waves varies from 300 waves / meter to 1200 waves / meter.
  • all the exchanger waves are made of copper.
  • the exchanger can fulfill one of the roles described above in a air separation device.
  • it can be the main exchanger which is used to cool the air to its distillation temperature or a sub-cooler.
  • a heat exchanger can make it possible to heat the tank of the second column with the head gas from the first column. Only two different flows circulate in the exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention can be an exchanger intermediate of the second column or a single overhead condenser column.
  • a heat exchanger 20 comprises a series of parallel aluminum plates brazed together which define a multitude of passages intended alternately for one of the three fluid flow rates, for example, a gaseous air flow, a nitrogen-enriched gas flow at about 5 bars and a liquid flow enriched with oxygen at around 1.5 bars.
  • pressures can take other values.
  • the gas or liquid enters the exchanger by means of a pipe 2 in stainless steel welded in the middle of a head 1 (sometimes called “box” or in English “header”) semi-cylindrical and stainless steel which distributes the gas over the entire height of the exchanger 20 to send it to an inlet of passages defined by the stainless steel separator bar 12.
  • a pipe 2 in stainless steel welded in the middle of a head 1 (sometimes called “box” or in English “header") semi-cylindrical and stainless steel which distributes the gas over the entire height of the exchanger 20 to send it to an inlet of passages defined by the stainless steel separator bar 12.
  • These parallel rectangular plates 8 are separated by waves 9 of copper or an alloy comprising at least 80% copper fixed not soldering.
  • the separation between the adjacent edges of the plates is constant and equal to 9.6 mm with plates with a thickness of 1.8 mm.
  • the wave height is 9.63 mm.
  • an air flow is cooled in an exchanger 20A according to the invention by heat exchange with waste gases, liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas before being sent to a double column.
  • This includes a medium pressure column thermally connected with a low pressure column by a vaporizer-condenser 20C according to the invention.
  • a flow of oxygen-rich liquid is drawn from the tank of the low pressure column and vaporizes by heat exchange with a flow of compressed air in a dedicated exchanger 20B according to the invention.
  • the exchanger comprises a stack of plates vertical and parallel rectangulars between which are interposed spacer waves also forming thermal fins.
  • Each pair of plates delimits a passage of generally flat shape.
  • the passages are closed by bars.
  • the bars corresponding to the treated fluid are however removed on the face upper 103 of the body 101, and also on its lower face.
  • the exchanger works like a thermosiphon, with an upward circulation of oxygen vaporized, causing liquid oxygen.
  • the two-phase mixture leaves the body 102 by its upper face 103.
  • the closing bars are moreover arranged so as to leave free, on the vertical lateral faces of the body 101, horizontal rows nitrogen input-output windows. These windows are capped by boxes generally cylindrical input-output, such as the box 104 shown in the drawing, provided at the upper part of the body and used to the entry of nitrogen gas into the nitrogen passages, which box is supplied by a pipe 105.
  • the ball constituting the fluid inlet-outlet chamber can be in stainless steel or nickel or an alloy comprising one of these two metals.
  • the exchangers according to the invention can be co-current exchangers or against the tide. They can be bath type vaporizers (to thermosiphon) or film. Channels can be rectangular or cylindrical or a combination of the previous two.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

Separation between adjacent edges of plates sandwiching corrugations made of at least 80% copper or at least 80% nickel, is 6-8 mm. Preferred features: Separation between the plates exceeds 10 mm. Corresponding cryogenic distillation plant, especially for air, is also claimed. The subject heat exchanger is the principal unit of its type, and is used to cool air to its distillation temperature. The heat exchanger is a sub-cooler. Corresponding air distillation plant includes a first, air-fed column, connected to a second column using a heat exchanger as described

Description

La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur et, plus particulièrement, un échangeur de chaleur à plaques, permettant d'échanger de la chaleur entre au moins deux fluides d'un appareil de séparation d'air.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more in particular, a plate heat exchanger, allowing to exchange heat between at least two fluids in an air separation device.

Un appareil de séparation d'air comprend plusieurs types d'échangeur de chaleur.An air separation device includes several types of exchanger heat.

Un échangeur de chaleur principal sert à refroidir l'air d'alimentation de l'appareil à la température de distillation par échange de chaleur avec un ou plusieurs fluides provenant de l'appareil de distillation. Dans certains cas, ce sont des liquides pressurisés de l'appareil qui se vaporisent contre l'air à distiller dans l'échangeur. Ces échangeurs sont normalement faits entièrement en aluminium ou en cuivre ou en alliages de ces métaux (WO95/28610, Hausen, Linde "Tieftemperaturtechnik", pages 468-471, "Large Tonnage Oxygen Plants -Brazed Aluminium Technology and Equipment for the 80's", Duncan et al., Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, août 1980, "Improved Plant Main Condenser", O'Neill et al. , Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, août 1980).A main heat exchanger is used to cool the supply air to the apparatus at distillation temperature by heat exchange with one or several fluids from the distillation apparatus. In some cases, this are pressurized liquids from the device that vaporize against air at distill in the exchanger. These exchangers are normally made entirely made of aluminum or copper or alloys of these metals (WO95 / 28610, Hausen, Linde "Tieftemperaturtechnik", pages 468-471, "Large Tonnage Oxygen Plants -Brazed Aluminum Technology and Equipment for the 80's ", Duncan et al., Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, August 1980, "Improved Plant Main Condenser", O'Neill et al. , Cryogenic Processes and Equipment Conference, ASME, August 1980).

Pour des raisons de sécurité, ces liquides se vaporisent parfois dans un échangeur dédié contre un seul fluide tel que l'air ou l'azote.For safety reasons, these liquids sometimes vaporize in a dedicated exchanger against a single fluid such as air or nitrogen.

L'appareil comprend également au moins un vaporiseur-condenseur qui est un échangeur de chaleur placé à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de la colonne. Ces vaporiseurs sont habituellement réalisés entièrement en cuivre, acier inoxydable, nickel ou aluminium et sont constitués d'au moins deux circuits, dont un au moins qui est relié au reste de l'installation au moyen de tuyauteries soudées sur l'équipement.The apparatus also comprises at least one vaporizer-condenser which is a heat exchanger placed inside or outside of the column. These vaporizers are usually made entirely of copper, stainless steel, nickel or aluminum and consist of at least two circuits, at least one of which is connected to the rest of the installation by means of piping welded to the equipment.

Ces échangeurs comprennent habituellement une pluralité de plaques en aluminium séparés entre elles d'entre 5 et 7,6 mm (US-A-4715433) avec des ondes en aluminium entre les plaques. These exchangers usually include a plurality of plates aluminum separated between them from 5 to 7.6 mm (US-A-4715433) with aluminum waves between the plates.

Dans EP-A-0952419,la séparation entre plaques en aluminium est au plus 5mm.In EP-A-0952419, the separation between aluminum plates is at plus 5mm.

A des températures cryogéniques, la conductivité thermique du cuivre est environ trois fois plus élevée que celle de l'aluminium, Ainsi la hauteur des ondes (et donc la séparation entre les plaques) peut être augmentée pour améliorer l'échange thermique et le nombre de plaques sera réduit, comme illustré dans la figure 7. La figure 7 montre l'évolution de la surface effective en fonction de la hauteur d'onde pour différents matériaux et à des températures différentes. La surface effective correspond à la surface primaire (tôles séparatrices) plus la surface secondaire (ondes) corrigé du coefficient d'ailette.At cryogenic temperatures, the thermal conductivity of copper is about three times higher than that of aluminum, so the height of the waves (and therefore the separation between the plates) can be increased for improve heat exchange and the number of plates will be reduced, as illustrated in Figure 7. Figure 7 shows the evolution of the effective area in wavelength function for different materials and at temperatures different. The effective surface corresponds to the primary surface (sheets separators) plus the secondary surface (waves) corrected by the fin coefficient.

Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un échangeur de chaleur à plaques comprenant :

  • une pluralité de plaques métalliques en cuivre, en nickel, en aluminium ou en un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de cuivre, au moins 80 % de nickel ou au moins 80 % d'aluminium ayant un contour substantiellement similaire, parallèles et espacées les unes des autres afin de former des passages ;
  • des ondes d'échange comprenant au moins 80% de cuivre placées entre au moins deux plaques ;
  • un moyen d'obturation constitué par des barres latérales reliées de façon étanche aux bords des plaques ;
  • deux tôles extérieures parallèles aux plaques et ayant un contour substantiellement similaire à ceux des plaques ;
  • éventuellement des têtes semi-cylindriques reliées aux passages entre les plaques
   et éventuellement une chambre d'entrée et/ou sortie d'un fluide reliée à un joint étanche à une face d'entrée ou de sortie du fluide, une partie au moins de la chambre étant constituée par au moins une portion de sphère ou d'ellipsoïde et par des secteurs de cônes tangents à cette portion de sphère ou d'ellipsoïde
   caractérisé en ce la séparation entre les bords adjacents des plaques entre lesquelles sont placées des ondes en au moins 80% de cuivre est supérieure à 6mm, éventuellement à 8 mm.According to an object of the invention, there is provided a plate heat exchanger comprising:
  • a plurality of metal plates of copper, nickel, aluminum or an alloy comprising at least 80% copper, at least 80% nickel or at least 80% aluminum having a substantially similar outline, parallel and spaced apart others to form passages;
  • exchange waves comprising at least 80% copper placed between at least two plates;
  • sealing means constituted by side bars tightly connected to the edges of the plates;
  • two outer sheets parallel to the plates and having a contour substantially similar to those of the plates;
  • possibly semi-cylindrical heads connected to the passages between the plates
and optionally an inlet and / or outlet chamber for a fluid connected to a seal at an inlet or outlet face for the fluid, at least part of the chamber consisting of at least one portion of a sphere or of ellipsoid and by sectors of cones tangent to this portion of sphere or ellipsoid
characterized in that the separation between the adjacent edges of the plates between which waves of at least 80% copper are placed is greater than 6mm, possibly 8mm.

De préférence la séparation entre les bords adjacents des plaques est supérieure à 9 mm ou 10 mm.Preferably the separation between the adjacent edges of the plates is greater than 9 mm or 10 mm.

L'épaisseur des plaques varie de 1mm à 2,5mm.The thickness of the plates varies from 1mm to 2.5mm.

L'épaisseur des ondes varie de 0,1mm à 0,4mm.The thickness of the waves varies from 0.1mm to 0.4mm.

La fréquence des ondes varie de 300 ondes/mètre à 1200 ondes/mètre.The frequency of the waves varies from 300 waves / meter to 1200 waves / meter.

De préférence toutes les ondes de l'échangeur sont en cuivre.Preferably all the exchanger waves are made of copper.

L'échangeur peut remplir un des rôles décrits ci-dessus dans un appareil de séparation d'air.The exchanger can fulfill one of the roles described above in a air separation device.

Par exemple, il peut être l'échangeur principal qui sert à refroidir l'air à sa température de distillation ou un sous-refroidisseur.For example, it can be the main exchanger which is used to cool the air to its distillation temperature or a sub-cooler.

Si l'appareil comporte une première colonne alimentée par de l'air et reliée thermiquement à une deuxième colonne, un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention peut permettre de chauffer la cuve de la deuxième colonne avec le gaz de tête de la première colonne. Seuls deux débits différents circulent dans l'échangeur.If the device has a first column supplied with air and thermally connected to a second column, a heat exchanger according to the invention can make it possible to heat the tank of the second column with the head gas from the first column. Only two different flows circulate in the exchanger.

Sinon l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention peut être un échangeur intermédiaire de la deuxième colonne ou un condenseur de tête d'une simple colonne.Otherwise the heat exchanger according to the invention can be an exchanger intermediate of the second column or a single overhead condenser column.

Un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention va maintenant être décrit en regard des dessins annexés.An example of implementation of the invention will now be described. next to the accompanying drawings.

Sur ces dessins,

  • la figure 7 montre l'évolution de la surface effective en fonction de la hauteur d'onde pour différents matériaux et à des températures différentes. La surface effective correspond à la surface primaire (tôles séparatrices) plus la surface secondaire (ondes) corrigé du coefficient d'ailette,
  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique de l'extérieur d'un échangeur selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues schématiques de l'intérieur d'un échangeur selon l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est un appareil de séparation d'air comprenant plusieurs échangeurs selon l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est une vue partielle de côté de l'extérieur d'un autre échangeur selon l'invention,
  • et la figure 6 est une vue de dessus de cet échangeur.
In these drawings,
  • FIG. 7 shows the evolution of the effective surface as a function of the wavelength for different materials and at different temperatures. The effective surface corresponds to the primary surface (separating sheets) plus the secondary surface (waves) corrected by the fin coefficient,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the exterior of an exchanger according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic views of the interior of an exchanger according to the invention,
  • FIG. 4 is an air separation device comprising several exchangers according to the invention,
  • FIG. 5 is a partial side view of the exterior of another exchanger according to the invention,
  • and Figure 6 is a top view of this exchanger.

Dans la figure 1, un échangeur de chaleur 20 comprend une série de plaques parallèles en aluminium brasées entre elles qui définissent une multitude de passages destinés alternativement à un des trois débits de fluide, par exemple, un débit d'air gazeux, un débit gazeux enrichi en azote à environ 5 bars et un débit liquide enrichi en oxygène à environ 1,5 bars. Evidemment les pressions peuvent prendre d'autres valeurs.In FIG. 1, a heat exchanger 20 comprises a series of parallel aluminum plates brazed together which define a multitude of passages intended alternately for one of the three fluid flow rates, for example, a gaseous air flow, a nitrogen-enriched gas flow at about 5 bars and a liquid flow enriched with oxygen at around 1.5 bars. Obviously pressures can take other values.

Le gaz ou le liquide rentre dans l'échangeur au moyen d'une tuyauterie 2 en acier inoxydable soudée au milieu d'une tête 1 (parfois appelée "boíte" ou en anglais "header") semi-cylindrique et en acier inoxydable qui distribue le gaz sur toute la hauteur de l'échangeur 20 pour l'envoyer à une entrée de passages définie par la barre séparatrice 12 en acier inoxydable.The gas or liquid enters the exchanger by means of a pipe 2 in stainless steel welded in the middle of a head 1 (sometimes called "box" or in English "header") semi-cylindrical and stainless steel which distributes the gas over the entire height of the exchanger 20 to send it to an inlet of passages defined by the stainless steel separator bar 12.

Dans la figure 2 on voit la tôle extérieure 7 en acier inoxydable en dessus des plaques empilées 8. Une autre tôle extérieure identique est placée en dessous des plaques. Des barres latérales 14 en acier inoxydable sont fixées de manière étanche aux bords des plaques 8.In Figure 2 we see the outer sheet 7 made of stainless steel above stacked plates 8. Another identical outer sheet is placed below the plates. Side bars 14 made of stainless steel are tightly fixed to the edges of the plates 8.

Ces plaques 8 parallèles de forme rectangulaire sont séparées par des ondes 9 en cuivre ou en un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de cuivre fixées pas brasage. La séparation entre les bords adjacents des plaques est constante et égale à 9,6 mm avec des plaques d'une épaisseur de 1,8mm. La hauteur des ondes est 9,63 mm.These parallel rectangular plates 8 are separated by waves 9 of copper or an alloy comprising at least 80% copper fixed not soldering. The separation between the adjacent edges of the plates is constant and equal to 9.6 mm with plates with a thickness of 1.8 mm. The wave height is 9.63 mm.

Avec ce dimensionnement, le nombre de plaques est divisé par deux par rapport au nombre utilisé avec une séparation classique de 5 mm. La quantité de brasure sera également réduite.With this design, the number of plates is halved compared to the number used with a conventional separation of 5 mm. The amount of solder will also be reduced.

Au-dessus des ondes 9, les passages sont fermés par des barres 12. Above the waves 9, the passages are closed by bars 12.

Dans la figure 4 un débit d'air se refroidit dans un échangeur 20A selon l'invention par échange de chaleur avec des gaz résiduaires, de l'azote liquide et de l'azote gazeux avant d'être envoyé à une double colonne. Celle-ci comprend une colonne moyenne pression reliée thermiquement avec une colonne basse pression par un vaporiseur-condenseur 20C selon l'invention.In FIG. 4, an air flow is cooled in an exchanger 20A according to the invention by heat exchange with waste gases, liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas before being sent to a double column. This includes a medium pressure column thermally connected with a low pressure column by a vaporizer-condenser 20C according to the invention.

Un débit de liquide riche en oxygène est soutiré de la cuve de la colonne basse pression et se vaporise par échange de chaleur avec un débit d'air surpressé dans un échangeur dédié 20B selon l'invention.A flow of oxygen-rich liquid is drawn from the tank of the low pressure column and vaporizes by heat exchange with a flow of compressed air in a dedicated exchanger 20B according to the invention.

D'autres débits de l'appareil sont sous-refroidis dans un échangeur 20D selon l'invention.Other device flows are sub-cooled in an exchanger 20D according to the invention.

Dans la figure 5, l'échangeur comprend un empilement de plaques rectangulaires verticales et parallèles entre lesquelles sont interposées des ondes-entretoises formant également ailettes thermiques. Chaque paire de plaques délimite un passage de forme générale plate. Il existe au moins deux séries de passages dont l'une est réservée à la circulation d'oxygène constituant le fluide traité tandis que l'autre sert à faire circuler l'azote qui constitue le fluide auxiliaire calorigène en cours de condensation.In FIG. 5, the exchanger comprises a stack of plates vertical and parallel rectangulars between which are interposed spacer waves also forming thermal fins. Each pair of plates delimits a passage of generally flat shape. There are at least two series of passages, one of which is reserved for the circulation of oxygen constituting the fluid treated while the other is used to circulate the nitrogen which constitutes the circulating auxiliary fluid during condensation.

Sur leur périphérie, les passages sont fermés par des barres. Les barres correspondant au fluide traité sont toutefois supprimées sur la face supérieure 103 du corps 101, et également sur sa face inférieure. L'échangeur fonctionne ainsi en thermosiphon, avec une circulation ascendante d'oxygène vaporisé, entraínant de l'oxygène liquide. Le mélange diphasique sort du corps 102 par sa face supérieure 103.On their periphery, the passages are closed by bars. The bars corresponding to the treated fluid are however removed on the face upper 103 of the body 101, and also on its lower face. The exchanger works like a thermosiphon, with an upward circulation of oxygen vaporized, causing liquid oxygen. The two-phase mixture leaves the body 102 by its upper face 103.

Les barres de fermeture sont par ailleurs agencées de façon à laisser libres, sur les faces latérales verticales du corps 101, des rangées horizontales de fenêtres d'entrée-sortie de l'azote. Ces fenêtres sont coiffées par des boítes d'entrée-sortie de forme générale cylindrique, telle que la boíte 104 représentée au dessin, prévue à la partie supérieure du corps et servant à l'entrée d'azote gazeux dans les passages d'azote, laquelle boíte est alimentée par une conduite 105. The closing bars are moreover arranged so as to leave free, on the vertical lateral faces of the body 101, horizontal rows nitrogen input-output windows. These windows are capped by boxes generally cylindrical input-output, such as the box 104 shown in the drawing, provided at the upper part of the body and used to the entry of nitrogen gas into the nitrogen passages, which box is supplied by a pipe 105.

Le ballon constituant la chambre d'entrée-sortie de fluide peut être en acier inoxydable ou en nickel ou en un alliage comprenant un de ces deux métaux.The ball constituting the fluid inlet-outlet chamber can be in stainless steel or nickel or an alloy comprising one of these two metals.

Ces chambres sont décrites plus en détails dans EP-A-0718582 et EP-A-0718583.These chambers are described in more detail in EP-A-0718582 and EP-A-0718583.

Ainsi dans la figure 4, l'oxygène liquide se vaporise après pressurisation dans l'échangeur 20B contre de l'air et l'azote liquide pressurisé se vaporise dans l'échangeur principal 20A contre de l'air. L'air est détendu dans une turbine Claude et/ou une turbine d'insufflation. De l'argon peut être produit à partir du débit provenant de la colonne basse pression.So in Figure 4, the liquid oxygen vaporizes after pressurization in exchanger 20B against air and pressurized liquid nitrogen vaporizes in the main exchanger 20A against air. The air is relaxed in a Claude turbine and / or an insufflation turbine. Argon can be produced from the flow from the low pressure column.

Les échangeurs selon l'invention peuvent être des échangeurs à co-courant ou à contre-courant. Ils peuvent être des vaporiseurs du type à bain (à thermosiphon) ou à film. Les canaux peuvent être de section rectangulaire ou cylindrique ou une combinaison des deux précédents.The exchangers according to the invention can be co-current exchangers or against the tide. They can be bath type vaporizers (to thermosiphon) or film. Channels can be rectangular or cylindrical or a combination of the previous two.

Claims (8)

Echangeur de chaleur à plaques comprenant : une pluralité de plaques métalliques (8) en cuivre, en nickel, en aluminium ou en un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de cuivre, au moins 80 % de nickel ou au moins 80 % d'aluminium ayant un contour substantiellement similaire, parallèles et espacées les unes des autres afin de former des passages ; des ondes d'échange comprenant au moins 80% de cuivre ou 80% de nickel (6) placées entre au moins deux des plaques, un moyen d'obturation (11) constitué par des barres latérales reliées de façon étanche aux bords des plaques ; deux tôles extérieures (7) parallèles aux plaques et ayant un contour substantiellement similaire à ceux des plaques ; éventuellement des têtes semi-cylindriques reliées aux passages entre les plaques, et éventuellement une chambre d'entrée et/ou sortie d'un fluide (106) reliée à un joint étanche à une face d'entrée ou de sortie du fluide, une partie au moins de la chambre étant constituée par au moins une portion de sphère ou d'ellipsoïde et par des secteurs de cônes tangents à cette portion de sphère ou d'ellipsoïde
caractérisé en ce la séparation entre les bords adjacents des plaques entre lesquelles sont placées des ondes en au moins 80% de cuivre ou au moins 80% de nickel est supérieur à 6mm, éventuellement 8mm.Plate heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of metal plates (8) of copper, nickel, aluminum or an alloy comprising at least 80% copper, at least 80% nickel or at least 80% aluminum having a substantially similar outline, parallel and spaced from each other to form passages; exchange waves comprising at least 80% copper or 80% nickel (6) placed between at least two of the plates, sealing means (11) consisting of side bars tightly connected to the edges of the plates; two outer sheets (7) parallel to the plates and having a contour substantially similar to those of the plates; possibly semi-cylindrical heads connected to the passages between the plates, and optionally a fluid inlet and / or outlet chamber (106) connected to a seal at an inlet or outlet face of the fluid, at least part of the chamber being constituted by at least a portion of sphere or ellipsoid and by sectors of cones tangent to this portion of sphere or ellipsoid
characterized in that the separation between the adjacent edges of the plates between which waves are placed in at least 80% copper or at least 80% nickel is greater than 6mm, possibly 8mm. Echangeur selon la revendication 1 dans lequel la séparation entre mes plaques est supérieure à 10mm.Exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the separation between my plates are greater than 10mm. Echangeur selon une des revendications 1 ou 2 dans lequel toutes les ondes sont en cuivre, en un alliage de cuivre.Exchanger according to one of claims 1 or 2 in which all the waves are made of copper, a copper alloy. Appareil de séparation par distillation cryogénique comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes. Separation apparatus by cryogenic distillation comprising at least at least one heat exchanger (20) according to one of claims previous. Appareil de séparation selon la revendication 4 dans lequel on sépare de l'air.Separation apparatus according to claim 4 wherein separates from the air. Appareil selon la revendication 5 dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur est l'échangeur principal qui sert à refroidir l'air à sa température de distillation.Apparatus according to claim 5 in which the heat exchanger is the main exchanger which is used to cool the air to its distillation temperature. Appareil selon la revendication 4, 5 ou 6 dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur est un sous-refroidisseur.Apparatus according to claim 4, 5 or 6 wherein the heat exchanger heat is a sub-cooler. Appareil selon l'une des revendication 4 à 7 comprenant une première colonne alimentée par de l'air et reliée thermiquement à une deuxième colonne au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3.Apparatus according to one of claims 4 to 7 comprising a first column supplied with air and thermally connected to a second column by means of a heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3.
EP00400094A 1999-02-01 2000-01-14 Heat exchanger, more particularly plate-like heat exchanger for air separating apparatus Withdrawn EP1026468A1 (en)

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FR9901098A FR2789165B1 (en) 1999-02-01 1999-02-01 HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER OF AN AIR SEPARATION APPARATUS

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FR2845152A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-02 Air Liquide Plate-type heat exchanger useful for heating and/or vaporising oxygen comprises stacked separating plates of uniform thickness defining passages containing thick fins
EP1406057A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-07 L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Plate heat exchanger having a thick fin
US6951245B1 (en) 2002-10-01 2005-10-04 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Plate-type heat exchanger comprising a thick fin, and use of such a heat exchanger
DE10328746A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-13 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Multi-stage heat exchange apparatus and method of making such apparatus
WO2019025689A1 (en) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-07 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cast aluminium alloy spacer for a heat exchanger
FR3069919A1 (en) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude FOUNDRY ALUMINUM ALLOY ELEMENT FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER

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US6347662B1 (en) 2002-02-19
FR2789165B1 (en) 2001-03-09
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BR0000231A (en) 2000-11-14
AU1135400A (en) 2000-08-03
CA2295453A1 (en) 2000-08-01
CZ2000220A3 (en) 2001-10-17
FR2789165A1 (en) 2000-08-04

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