EP1406057A1 - Plate heat exchanger having a thick fin - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger having a thick fin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1406057A1
EP1406057A1 EP03291998A EP03291998A EP1406057A1 EP 1406057 A1 EP1406057 A1 EP 1406057A1 EP 03291998 A EP03291998 A EP 03291998A EP 03291998 A EP03291998 A EP 03291998A EP 1406057 A1 EP1406057 A1 EP 1406057A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fin
heat exchanger
thickness
passage
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03291998A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1406057B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Yves Lehman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1406057A1 publication Critical patent/EP1406057A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
    • F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/20—Particular dimensions; Small scale or microdevices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/90—Details about safety operation of the installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger plate heat, especially brazed plates.
  • Such heat exchangers are for example used to heat or vaporize oxygen or an oxygen-rich fluid, in particular in air separation installations.
  • An oxygen-rich fluid is defined by a number of molecules of O 2 relative to the total number of molecules greater than 20% when the fluid is under a pressure at least equal to 20 bars, and greater than 50% at lower fluid pressures , especially more than 60%.
  • Such heat exchangers can be used for the distillation of air gases or hydrocarbons, and more particularly still in a double column of air distillation.
  • the body of a vaporizer-condenser consists of a stacking a large number of rectangular plates all identical. Between these plates are interposed on the one hand of the closing bars peripheral, on the other hand spacer waves or fins, namely heat exchange waves main vertical orientation and waves of horizontal main orientation distribution.
  • exchangers targeted by the invention are by example the main exchangers of pump apparatus, or all other plate heat exchangers, which vaporize oxygen under pressure.
  • spacer waves are obtained at from thin sheets, typically of thickness included between 0.15 and 0.60 mm, folded, cut or stamped press or other suitable tools.
  • Oxygen vaporizers are a privileged place for concentrating fuels heavier than oxygen, such as hydrocarbons, especially C 2 H 2 present in small quantities in atmospheric air.
  • Fuels heavier than oxygen such as hydrocarbons, especially C 2 H 2 present in small quantities in atmospheric air.
  • Accidental combustion in liquid oxygen can occur accidentally in such vaporizers. It has been observed that these combustions could have the consequence of producing at least local explosions.
  • thin fins, in particular aluminum fins were very vulnerable to combustion whereas the separating plates were not. It is found that the separating plates therefore make it possible to prevent the spread of inflammation.
  • a main object of the invention is to provide plate heat exchangers resistant to possible inflammation phenomena, in particular intended for use of treatment of oxygen-rich fluids, exchangers whose manufacturing costs are not significantly increased, and whose performance in terms of pressure drop and heat exchange are not significantly reduced.
  • a following plate heat exchanger the invention comprises a plurality of separating plates stacked with substantially uniform thickness, defining between them at least a first pass, and at least one fin arranged in this at least one first passage, the minimum thickness of said fin being greater than 0.8 times the thickness of each separator plate defining said passage.
  • the fin can be produced by extrusion, or by machining from a thick flat sheet.
  • the plate heat exchanger has a significantly increased mechanical resistance, this which allows you to significantly push your limits of use in fluid pressure.
  • the exchanger may also comprise, in at least one second pass, a fin whose minimum thickness is less than 0.8 times the thickness of each plate dividers defining said second passage.
  • the invention also relates to a vaporizer-condenser double air distillation column, comprising a heat exchanger as previously described, the first passage being an oxygen vaporization passage.
  • FIG. 1 two parallel separating plates 11 are shown, of the same thickness e substantially uniform for the same plate, defining between them a fluid passage 33.
  • a fin or wave 35 of generally conventional shape is arranged in niche. This fin 35 defines a main general direction of YY ripple, the waves following one another in a direction XX perpendicular to the direction YY.
  • the directions X-X and Y-Y define the planes of the separator plates 11, which are assumed to be horizontal for the convenience of description, as depicted in the Figure 1.
  • the separator plates 11 are themselves spaced along the vertical axis Z-Z.
  • the corrugated fin 35 has a large number of wavelengths 37 substantially rectangular, contained each in a vertical plane perpendicular to the direction XX.
  • the wave legs 37 are connected alternately on along their upper edge by wave vertices 39 substantially rectangular, planar and horizontal, and the along their bottom edge by wave bases 41 also substantially rectangular, planar and horizontal.
  • Wave vertices 39 and wave bases 41 define regions of connection by brazing to plates or flat separating sheets 11 of the heat exchanger.
  • the plate heat exchanger comprises a plurality of such separating plates 11 stacked and of thickness e in general substantially constant from one plate to another.
  • the plates define between them a series of passages 33, a fin 35 being arranged in each of the passages 33.
  • the fin 35 of the fluid passage 33 shown has a minimum thickness e ', said fin thickness e ' being, in the example shown in FIG. 1, uniform for the whole of the fin 35.
  • the thickness e of the separating plates is between 0.6 mm and 2 mm.
  • the minimum thickness e ' is chosen to be greater than 0.8 times the thickness e of the separating plates 11, that is to say in the case of a thickness e equal to 1 mm, greater than 0.8 mm.
  • the thickness e ′ will be given a value such that the ratio of the minimum thickness e ′ of the fin 35 to the thickness e of the plates 11 is greater than 1, more preferably still greater than 1, 5, preferably still greater than 2.
  • the fin is essentially made by folding a flat sheet thick, a sheet being defined as thick in the technique considered if its thickness is greater than about 1 mm, in particular between 1 and 2 mm.
  • the minimum thickness e 'of the fin 45 has a value meeting the conditions set out above, with reference to Figure 4.
  • the fin 45 n' is not of constant thickness and has horizontal projecting parts 47 coming from each side of the vertices 39 and wave bases 41. These protruding parts 47 make it possible to increase the contact surface of the fin 45 with the plates 11, therefore the brazing surface, and to improve the mechanical strength of the fin 45.
  • Such a fin 45 is produced essentially by extrusion, or by machining from a thick flat sheet.
  • the exchanger partly contains fins the minimum thickness of which complies with the conditions set out above, and partly fins the thickness of which is less than 0.8 times the thickness e of the separating plates 11, the latter fins being produced for example from thin sheet metal and by conventional folding methods. Therefore, such exchangers can operate with fluids having clearly differentiated pressures, the thick fins corresponding to fluids under high pressure, and the thin sheet fins corresponding to fluids under lower pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Plate-type heat exchanger comprises stacked separating plates (11) of uniform thickness (e) defining passages (33) containing fins (35) whose minimum thickness (e') is more than 0.8 times e.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un échangeur de chaleur à plaques, notamment à plaques brasées.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger plate heat, especially brazed plates.

De tels échangeurs de chaleur sont par exemple utilisés pour réchauffer ou vaporiser de l'oxygène ou un fluide riche en oxygène, notamment dans les installations de séparation d'air. On définit un fluide riche en oxygène par un nombre de molécules de O2 rapporté au nombre total de molécules supérieur à 20% lorsque le fluide est sous une pression au moins égale à 20 bars, et supérieur à 50% à des pressions de fluide inférieures, notamment supérieur à 60%.Such heat exchangers are for example used to heat or vaporize oxygen or an oxygen-rich fluid, in particular in air separation installations. An oxygen-rich fluid is defined by a number of molecules of O 2 relative to the total number of molecules greater than 20% when the fluid is under a pressure at least equal to 20 bars, and greater than 50% at lower fluid pressures , especially more than 60%.

De tels échangeurs de chaleur peuvent être utilisés pour la distillation de gaz de l'air ou d'hydrocarbures, et plus particulièrement encore dans une double colonne de distillation d'air.Such heat exchangers can be used for the distillation of air gases or hydrocarbons, and more particularly still in a double column of air distillation.

Le corps d'un vaporiseur-condenseur est constitué d'un empilement d'un grand nombre de plaques rectangulaires verticales toutes identiques. Entre ces plaques sont interposées d'une part des barres de fermeture périphériques, d'autre part des ondes-entretoises ou ailettes, à savoir des ondes d'échange thermique d'orientation principale verticale et des ondes de distribution d'orientation principale horizontale.The body of a vaporizer-condenser consists of a stacking a large number of rectangular plates all identical. Between these plates are interposed on the one hand of the closing bars peripheral, on the other hand spacer waves or fins, namely heat exchange waves main vertical orientation and waves of horizontal main orientation distribution.

D'autres échangeurs visés par l'invention sont par exemple les échangeurs principaux d'appareils à pompe, ou tout autre échangeur de chaleur à plaque, qui vaporisent de l'oxygène sous pression.Other exchangers targeted by the invention are by example the main exchangers of pump apparatus, or all other plate heat exchangers, which vaporize oxygen under pressure.

Généralement, les ondes-entretoises sont obtenues à partir de tôles minces, typiquement d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,15 et 0,60 mm, pliées, découpées ou embouties à la presse ou au moyen d'autres outils adaptés.Generally, spacer waves are obtained at from thin sheets, typically of thickness included between 0.15 and 0.60 mm, folded, cut or stamped press or other suitable tools.

Les vaporiseurs d'oxygène sont un lieu privilégié de concentration de combustibles plus lourds que l'oxygène, tels que des hydrocarbures, notamment C2H2 présents en faibles quantités dans l'air atmosphérique. Il peut se produire accidentellement, dans de tels vaporiseurs, des combustions dans l'oxygène liquide. Il a été observé que ces combustions pouvaient avoir pour conséquence de produire des explosions au moins locales. Dans les accidents de ce type, on a constaté que des ailettes minces, notamment les ailettes en aluminium, étaient très vulnérables à la combustion alors que les plaques séparatrices ne l'étaient pas. On constate que les plaques séparatrices permettent par conséquent d'empêcher la propagation de l'inflammation.Oxygen vaporizers are a privileged place for concentrating fuels heavier than oxygen, such as hydrocarbons, especially C 2 H 2 present in small quantities in atmospheric air. Accidental combustion in liquid oxygen can occur accidentally in such vaporizers. It has been observed that these combustions could have the consequence of producing at least local explosions. In accidents of this type, it has been found that thin fins, in particular aluminum fins, were very vulnerable to combustion whereas the separating plates were not. It is found that the separating plates therefore make it possible to prevent the spread of inflammation.

De tels problèmes peuvent également se manifester dans les circuits de vaporisation d'une ligne d'échange.Such problems can also manifest themselves in the vaporization circuits of an exchange line.

Un but principal de l'invention est de réaliser des échangeurs de chaleur à plaques résistant à d'éventuels phénomènes d'inflammation, notamment destinés à une utilisation de traitement des fluides riches en oxygène, échangeurs dont les coûts de fabrication ne soient pas augmentés de façon sensible, et dont les performances en termes de pertes de charge et d'échange thermique ne soient pas sensiblement réduites.A main object of the invention is to provide plate heat exchangers resistant to possible inflammation phenomena, in particular intended for use of treatment of oxygen-rich fluids, exchangers whose manufacturing costs are not significantly increased, and whose performance in terms of pressure drop and heat exchange are not significantly reduced.

A cet effet, un échangeur de chaleur à plaques suivant l'invention comporte une pluralité de plaques séparatrices empilées d'épaisseur sensiblement uniforme, définissant entre elles au moins un premier passage, et au moins une ailette disposée dans ce au moins un premier passage, l'épaisseur minimale de ladite ailette étant supérieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur de chacune des plaques séparatrices définissant ledit passage.For this purpose, a following plate heat exchanger the invention comprises a plurality of separating plates stacked with substantially uniform thickness, defining between them at least a first pass, and at least one fin arranged in this at least one first passage, the minimum thickness of said fin being greater than 0.8 times the thickness of each separator plate defining said passage.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, prises seules ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement envisageables :

  • le rapport de l'épaisseur minimale de ladite ailette à l'épaisseur de chacune des plaques séparatrices définissant ledit passage est supérieur à 1, de préférence supérieur à 1,5, de préférence encore supérieur à 2 ; et
  • l'épaisseur de chacune desdites plaques séparatrices est comprise entre 0,6 et 2 mm;
  • les plaques sont planes et rectangulaires
According to other characteristics of the invention, taken alone or in any technically conceivable combination:
  • the ratio of the minimum thickness of said fin to the thickness of each of the separating plates defining said passage is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.5, more preferably greater than 2; and
  • the thickness of each of said separating plates is between 0.6 and 2 mm;
  • the plates are flat and rectangular

L'ailette peut être réalisée par extrusion, ou par usinage à partir d'une tôle plane épaisse.The fin can be produced by extrusion, or by machining from a thick flat sheet.

Grâce à l'invention, l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques présente une résistance mécanique sensiblement accrue, ce qui permet de repousser de façon importante ses limites d'utilisation en pression de fluide.Thanks to the invention, the plate heat exchanger has a significantly increased mechanical resistance, this which allows you to significantly push your limits of use in fluid pressure.

L'échangeur peut comporter en outre, dans au moins un deuxième passage, une ailette dont l'épaisseur minimale est inférieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur de chacune des plaques séparatrices définissant ledit deuxième passage.The exchanger may also comprise, in at least one second pass, a fin whose minimum thickness is less than 0.8 times the thickness of each plate dividers defining said second passage.

L'invention vise également un vaporiseur-condenseur de double colonne de distillation d'air, comprenant un échangeur de chaleur tel que décrit précédemment, le premier passage étant un passage de vaporisation d'oxygène.The invention also relates to a vaporizer-condenser double air distillation column, comprising a heat exchanger as previously described, the first passage being an oxygen vaporization passage.

Des exemples de réalisation de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Figure 1 est une vue partielle agrandie d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques conforme à l'invention, seulement deux plaques séparatrices et une ailette disposée dans le passage qu'elles définissent étant représentées ; et
  • la Figure 2 est une vue analogue d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques conforme à une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
Examples of embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged partial view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, only two separator plates and a fin disposed in the passage they define being shown; and
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of a plate heat exchanger according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Sur la Figure 1, on a représenté deux plaques séparatrices parallèles 11, de même épaisseur e sensiblement uniforme pour une même plaque, définissant entre elles un passage de fluide 33. Dans le passage 33, est disposée une ailette ou onde 35 de forme générale classique en créneau. Cette ailette 35 définit une direction générale principale d'ondulation Y-Y, les ondes se succédant suivant une direction X-X perpendiculaire à la direction Y-Y.In FIG. 1, two parallel separating plates 11 are shown, of the same thickness e substantially uniform for the same plate, defining between them a fluid passage 33. In the passage 33, a fin or wave 35 of generally conventional shape is arranged in niche. This fin 35 defines a main general direction of YY ripple, the waves following one another in a direction XX perpendicular to the direction YY.

Les directions X-X et Y-Y définissent les plans des plaques séparatrices 11, que l'on supposera horizontaux pour la commodité de la description, comme représenté sur la Figure 1. Les plaques séparatrices 11 sont, elles, espacées suivant l'axe vertical Z-Z.The directions X-X and Y-Y define the planes of the separator plates 11, which are assumed to be horizontal for the convenience of description, as depicted in the Figure 1. The separator plates 11 are themselves spaced along the vertical axis Z-Z.

L'ailette ondulée 35 comporte un grand nombre de jambes d'onde 37 sensiblement rectangulaires, contenues chacune dans un plan vertical perpendiculaire à la direction X-X. Les jambes d'onde 37 sont reliées alternativement le long de leur bord supérieur par des sommets d'onde 39 sensiblement rectangulaires, plans et horizontaux, et le long de leur bord inférieur par des bases d'onde 41 également sensiblement rectangulaires, planes et horizontales.The corrugated fin 35 has a large number of wavelengths 37 substantially rectangular, contained each in a vertical plane perpendicular to the direction XX. The wave legs 37 are connected alternately on along their upper edge by wave vertices 39 substantially rectangular, planar and horizontal, and the along their bottom edge by wave bases 41 also substantially rectangular, planar and horizontal.

Les sommets d'onde 39 et les bases d'onde 41 définissent des régions de liaison par brasage à des plaques ou tôles séparatrices planes 11 de l'échangeur de chaleur.Wave vertices 39 and wave bases 41 define regions of connection by brazing to plates or flat separating sheets 11 of the heat exchanger.

L'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, on le comprend, comporte une pluralité de telles plaques séparatrices 11 empilées et d'épaisseur e en général sensiblement constante d'une plaque à l'autre. Les plaques définissent entre elles une série de passages 33, une ailette 35 étant disposée dans chacun des passages 33.The plate heat exchanger, it is understood, comprises a plurality of such separating plates 11 stacked and of thickness e in general substantially constant from one plate to another. The plates define between them a series of passages 33, a fin 35 being arranged in each of the passages 33.

L'ailette 35 du passage de fluide 33 représenté présente une épaisseur minimale e', ladite épaisseur d'ailette e' étant, dans l'exemple représenté sur la Figure 1, uniforme pour la totalité de l'ailette 35.The fin 35 of the fluid passage 33 shown has a minimum thickness e ', said fin thickness e ' being, in the example shown in FIG. 1, uniform for the whole of the fin 35.

Typiquement, l'épaisseur e des plaques séparatrices est compris entre 0,6 mm et 2 mm.Typically, the thickness e of the separating plates is between 0.6 mm and 2 mm.

L'épaisseur minimale e' est choisie supérieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur e des plaques séparatrices 11, c'est-à-dire dans le cas d'une épaisseur e égale à 1 mm, supérieure à 0,8 mm.The minimum thickness e 'is chosen to be greater than 0.8 times the thickness e of the separating plates 11, that is to say in the case of a thickness e equal to 1 mm, greater than 0.8 mm.

De préférence, on donnera à l'épaisseur e' une valeur telle que le rapport de l'épaisseur minimale e' de l'ailette 35 sur l'épaisseur e des plaques 11 est supérieur, à 1, de préférence encore supérieur à 1,5, de préférence encore supérieur à 2.Preferably, the thickness e ′ will be given a value such that the ratio of the minimum thickness e ′ of the fin 35 to the thickness e of the plates 11 is greater than 1, more preferably still greater than 1, 5, preferably still greater than 2.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur la Figure 1, l'ailette est réalisée essentiellement par pliage d'une tôle plane épaisse, une tôle étant définie comme épaisse dans la technique considérée si son épaisseur est supérieure à environ 1 mm, notamment comprise entre 1 et 2 mm.In the example shown in Figure 1, the fin is essentially made by folding a flat sheet thick, a sheet being defined as thick in the technique considered if its thickness is greater than about 1 mm, in particular between 1 and 2 mm.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la Figure 2, l'épaisseur minimale e' de l'ailette 45 a une valeur répondant aux conditions énoncées ci-dessus, en référence à la Figure 4. En revanche, l'ailette 45 n'est pas d'épaisseur constante et présente des parties en saillie horizontale 47 venues de chaque côté des sommets 39 et bases 41 d'onde. Ces parties en saillie 47 permettent d'augmenter la surface de contact de l'ailette 45 avec les plaques 11, donc la surface de brasage, et d'améliorer la tenue mécanique de l'ailette 45.In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the minimum thickness e 'of the fin 45 has a value meeting the conditions set out above, with reference to Figure 4. On the other hand, the fin 45 n' is not of constant thickness and has horizontal projecting parts 47 coming from each side of the vertices 39 and wave bases 41. These protruding parts 47 make it possible to increase the contact surface of the fin 45 with the plates 11, therefore the brazing surface, and to improve the mechanical strength of the fin 45.

Une telle ailette 45 est réalisée essentiellement par extrusion, ou par usinage à partir d'une tôle plane épaisse.Such a fin 45 is produced essentially by extrusion, or by machining from a thick flat sheet.

Dans les deux exemples de réalisation illustrés aux Figures, il est possible de prévoir que l'échangeur contienne pour partie des ailettes dont l'épaisseur minimale est conforme aux conditions énoncées ci-dessus, et pour partie des ailettes dont l'épaisseur est inférieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur e des plaques séparatrices 11, ces dernières ailettes étant réalisées par exemple en tôle mince et par des procédés de pliage classiques. De ce fait, de tels échangeurs peuvent fonctionner avec des fluides ayant des pressions nettement différenciées, les ailettes épaisses correspondant aux fluides sous haute pression, et les ailettes en tôle mince correspondant aux fluides sous plus basse pression.In the two embodiments illustrated in the Figures, it is possible to provide that the exchanger partly contains fins the minimum thickness of which complies with the conditions set out above, and partly fins the thickness of which is less than 0.8 times the thickness e of the separating plates 11, the latter fins being produced for example from thin sheet metal and by conventional folding methods. Therefore, such exchangers can operate with fluids having clearly differentiated pressures, the thick fins corresponding to fluids under high pressure, and the thin sheet fins corresponding to fluids under lower pressure.

Claims (10)

Echangeur de chaleur à plaques comportant une pluralité de plaques séparatrices (11) empilées d'épaisseur (e) sensiblement uniforme, définissant entre elles au moins un premier passage (33), et au moins une ailette (35 ;45) disposée dans ce au moins un premier passage (33), caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur minimale (e') de ladite. ailette est supérieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur (e) de chacune des plaques séparatrices (1) définissant ledit passage (3).Plate heat exchanger comprising a plurality of stacked separating plates (11) of substantially uniform thickness ( e ), defining between them at least one first passage (33), and at least one fin (35; 45) arranged in this at minus a first passage (33), characterized in that the minimum thickness ( e ') of said. fin is greater than 0.8 times the thickness (e) of each of the separating plates (1) defining said passage (3). Echangeur de chaleur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rapport de l'épaisseur minimale (e') de ladite ailette (35 ; 45) sur l'épaisseur (e) de chacune des plaques séparatrices (11) définissant ledit passage (33) est supérieur à 1, de préférence supérieur à 1,5, de préférence encore supérieur à 2.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the minimum thickness ( e ') of said fin (35; 45) to the thickness ( e ) of each of the separating plates (11) defining said passage ( 33) is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.5, more preferably still greater than 2. Echangeur de chaleur suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur (e) de chacune desdites plaques séparatrices (11) est comprise entre 0,6 mm et 2 mm.Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness ( e ) of each of said separating plates (11) is between 0.6 mm and 2 mm. Echangeur de chaleur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que les plaques séparatrices (11) sont plates et rectangulaires.Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the separating plates (11) are flat and rectangular. Echangeur de chaleur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite ailette (45) est réalisée par extrusion.Heat exchanger according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the said fin (45) is produced by extrusion. Echangeur de chaleur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite ailette (45) est réalisée par usinage à partir d'une tôle plane épaisse.Heat exchanger according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the said fin (45) is produced by machining from a thick flat sheet. Echangeur de chaleur suivant l'unes quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un deuxième passage et au moins une ailette disposée dans ce au moins un deuxième passage, l'épaisseur minimale de ladite ailette étant inférieure à 0,8 fois l'épaisseur de chacune des plaques séparatrices.Heat exchanger according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one second passage and at least one fin disposed in this at least one second passage, the minimum thickness of the said fin being less than 0 , 8 times the thickness of each of the separating plates. Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant au moins une colonne et au moins un vaporiseur-condenseur qui est un échangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.Air separation apparatus comprising at least a column and at least one vaporizer-condenser which is a exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 7. Appareil de séparation d'air selon la revendication 8 comprenant deux colonnes reliées thermiquement l'une avec l'autre à travers un échangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.Air separation apparatus according to claim 8 comprising two columns thermally connected, one with the other through an exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 7. Utilisation d'un échangeur à plaques suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 pour réchauffer et/ou vaporiser de l'oxygène, ou un fluide riche en oxygène, ayant notamment un nombre de molécules d'oxygène rapporté au nombre total de molécules supérieur à 60%.Use of a plate heat exchanger according to one any of claims 1 to 7 for reheating and / or vaporize oxygen, or an oxygen-rich fluid, having in particular a number of oxygen molecules related to the total number of molecules greater than 60%.
EP03291998A 2002-10-01 2003-08-08 Plate heat exchanger having a thick fin Expired - Lifetime EP1406057B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0212139 2002-10-01
FR0212139A FR2845152B1 (en) 2002-10-01 2002-10-01 PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING A THICK FIN, AND USE OF SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER.

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EP1406057B1 EP1406057B1 (en) 2006-08-16

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EP (1) EP1406057B1 (en)
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RU178401U1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2018-04-03 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) Heat and mass transfer device

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EP1406057B1 (en) 2006-08-16
DE60307567D1 (en) 2006-09-28
CN1488914A (en) 2004-04-14
FR2845152B1 (en) 2005-06-17
DE60307567T2 (en) 2007-09-13
US6951245B1 (en) 2005-10-04
JP2004125389A (en) 2004-04-22
FR2845152A1 (en) 2004-04-02

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