EP1026327A1 - Impact attenuation device - Google Patents

Abstract

Collision impact is cushioned by a honeycomb structure (11) formed by joining angled steel sheets (7,7a) along their length edges so that the honeycomb cavities (8) extend in the vertical direction. The honeycomb is attached to the end or edge of a crash barrier (2) and mounted on a base panel (16). A tensile band (30) extends in the central length plane (MLE) of the honeycomb at roughly half the honeycomb height, and this band is joined at both ends (39) and at regular intervals along its length to the base panel via vertical cables, and to honeycomb edge sections via pairs of V-shaped horizontal cables (47). Angled cables (48) on the outside of the device link these honeycomb edge sections to the base panel.

Description

In the scope of DE 39 14 208 C2 counts a shock absorbing Device for guardrail devices, in particular for separation islands, to the state of the art, in which at least a row running along a lane arranged vertical tubes is provided. These tubes are substantially horizontal on at least one running rope anchored at both ends lined up. The spaces between two neighboring pipes a row are filled with pipe-length connectors, which partial laps adjusted from the two pipes Sections and connecting them, almost tangential to the sections extending to the pipes.

In principle, such a device can only be used there, where assumed due to the traffic situation can be approached from the front. Because of its design is not able to meet one side impact effective resilient resistance to oppose. This device can only stationary objects or structures, e.g. Masts as well as bridge piers.

A similar design is due to the crash cushion DE 36 35 990 Cl known. Here, honeycomb structures used to impact energy in an impacting vehicle gradually dismantle. This design can also not without restriction in the case of motor vehicles colliding to the side be used.

In the course of roadways, guard rail constructions laterally delimiting the end of the Guide the guardrails diagonally down into the ground (Reductions). This measure prevents that motor vehicles against blunt ended, if necessary crashing guardrails with end bends, the guard rails may be skewered into the Interior of the motor vehicles can enter the lowered However, ends of the guardrails now act as ramps with the consequence that motor vehicles crashing onto the ramps depending on their speed more or less rotated about its longitudinal axis and with this rotational movement uncontrolled on the road to be thrown back. The vehicle occupants are thus exposed to a high degree of risk of injury. The still flowing traffic is also strong at risk.

The invention is based on the prior art Task to create a crash cushion that easily the end of a guardrail or the ends two e.g. on a median of adjacent guardrails can be assigned and ensures that at an impact of a motor vehicle from whatever Do not drive the vehicle back into the lane hurled, the further flowing traffic does not is impaired and none of the vehicle occupants are at additional risk of injury.

The solution to the problem on which the invention is based is seen in the features of claim 1.

Here, the invention first has the advantages a known honeycomb deformation structure made their own. This deformation structure with a A plurality of immediately adjacent to each other, preferred equally high, in particular in cross section hexagonal deformation spaces allows one of fill in the area specified relatively evenly. A honeycomb-shaped deformation structure also ensures excellent absorption properties. The The honeycomb-shaped deformation spaces can be plugged together forming steel sheets over their vertical longitudinal edges it also allows the length and width of a Deformation structure always on the respective local To be able to coordinate conditions exactly. This can be done easily by adding or removing individual steel sheets will be realized. So on the one hand take into account the local traffic situation and on the other hand, the use of materials to the required Limited scope. Furthermore, it is possible the local conditions due to the thickness of the steel sheets and / or to do justice to the material optimally.

The deformation structure is preferably slim rectangular configuration. Depending on the relative position the neighboring guardrails is also one Trapezoidal or triangular configuration possible. Here can adapt especially by the size of the honeycomb to the respective configuration.

Due to the excellent absorption properties of the honeycomb-shaped deformation spaces in the event of an impact of a motor vehicle is usually a limited area the deformation structure is damaged. Hence it is to restore the full function of the deformation structure only necessary the deformed steel sheets exchange. It doesn't need screw fittings either Welds to be loosened. It's just that Plug connections on the vertical longitudinal edges of the Pick up steel sheets. The reassembly is also the same feasible without any problems.

This is facilitated in the context of the invention that the steel sheets are made up of vertical lines underneath at an angle of 120 ° once, twice or three times folded sheet metal sections with the same length Put the legs together along their free vertical edges several spaced one above the other Hooks and in the corner areas between two Legs vertical slot-like recesses for insertion have the hook. Therefore need at the reassembly only the nose-like hooks of the new steel sheets through the cutouts to be, then wall sections below the recesses reach into the slots of the hooks and a tensile and pressure-resistant connection in the horizontal plane between the steel sheets.

The structure of the deformation structure is simple. It will only a few predetermined types of steel sheets needed to any width and length of a deformation structure to be able to realize.

The deformation structure is based on the end of one Guardrail or on the connection of two guardrails. This support area is preferably curved in an arc. It also makes sense that the arcuate curved end contacting steel sheets be welded on the outside of the arch.

That the deformation structure is relatively movable in the longitudinal direction penetrating drawstring and the strands in action even if there is a frontal impact, in which they have the deformation structure on the floor slab hold together, they take on their main function in essential, however, true if there is a side impact takes place. In this case, much of the Energy through the limited flexible drawstring and the strands recorded and the motor vehicle is under at a certain angle again gently from the deformation structure led out. Those in front of the drawstring honeycomb-shaped deformation spaces serve here in essential to take the motor vehicle soft and derive again. Even if by definition - as with a frontal impact - the strands Can tear or even should, is still achieves an optimal distribution of power at which the Motor vehicle is recorded harmoniously.

The deformation structure becomes oblique towards it free end (head area), so take the Guard rails force due to tensile stress.

The drawstring and the various strands can be made There are wire ropes. However, fiber ropes are also conceivable on a plastic basis.

The deformation structure is on a stationary base plate relocatable, which is also the anchorage of the tension cord as well as the ribbon strands. Due to the lubricity of the Deformation structure on the base plate becomes the ability the deformation structure to absorb impact energy, further improved. Besides, it is not necessary due to the use of the base plate, Leveling floor areas with greater effort. The stationary fixed base plate does not require any special Foundations.

All steel parts of the invention are advantageous Impact absorber galvanized and can at least if necessary be color coated in some areas.

The base plate itself can be in one piece or several Parts exist, always depending on the locally required horizontal extension of the deformation structure.

The height of the deformation structure is preferably greater than the distance of the top edge of the guardrail or the Guard rails measured from the surface of the floor slab.

The tension band is determined in the area of the guardrail according to claim 2 advantageously on a housing-like Console that is attached to the base plate and protrudes from this upwards. The console has been useful an approximately trapezoidal cross-section. It is based in Inside an arcuate end of the guardrail or on an arc that connects two crash barriers. It is advantageously welded here. Thus forms the bow then one to be addressed as an assembly unit Part of the crash cushion. He is with the guard rails releasably connected. In addition, the console can still due to a vertical triangular web plate in the lower height area be stiffened.

The connection of the drawstring to the console can be done via an eyebolt can be attached to the console if the drawstring e.g. consists of a wire rope. It can also be useful in this context be between the console and the arcuate end of the Guardrail also a V-shaped cross strut as an additional Arrange stiffener. This cross bracing too is useful with both the console and welded to the arcuate end of the guardrail. Of course there are also riveted joints instead of Welded connections conceivable.

According to the features of claim 3, this is in the Head area of the deformation structure facing away from the guardrail located end of the drawstring over a roll deflected diagonally downwards and fastened to the base plate. Here, too, can be attached using an eyebolt take place, which is turned into the base plate. The roller is preferably mounted on an axis that in the steel sheets opposite one another Deformation room is stored. Upstream of this role is useful a guide sleeve, which is also on the Deformation structure is attached. That way a perfect transition of the tension band to the roll ensured. In the remaining length range of the deformation structure need no guide sleeves provided his. There the drawstring can only be adjusted accordingly Openings in the various steel sheets of the Implement deformation structure.

The embodiment according to claim 4 proves in particular then as advantageous if the deformation structure is impacted by a frontal impact. Here the lower resistance hugs first head region of the deformation structure exhibiting deformation to the vehicle. The transverse plane that then becomes effective with the stiffened deformation spaces serves virtually as a thrust wall to the impact energy continuously by deforming those in the remaining length range To absorb deformation spaces. Appropriately are the stiffened deformation spaces in two or more Provide height levels with welded crossbars. It is also an advantage if the steel sheets adjacent stiffened deformation spaces are welded or riveted together.

The different resistances against deformation can due to different material thicknesses and / or materials will be realized.

According to claim 5, the head region of the deformation structure covered by a closed sheet metal in the surface. This jacket sheet essentially serves one improved optics. It can be colored if necessary become.

Corresponds to the features of claim 6 Drawstring fixing bushes. These fixing bushings are in predetermined Clearances set on the drawstring. The definition can with the help of tensioning screws or also over Clamps are made in front of or behind the locating bushes be arranged on the drawstring. The fixing bushes serve the stop of the horizontal and vertical strands. For this purpose, e.g. Eye bolts fixed.

To stop the vertical and sloping strands the bottom plate as well as to stop the horizontal and sloping strands to the edge areas of the deformation structure are also eye bolts according to claim 7 provided on the one hand on the base plate and on the other hand are set at the edge areas. In particular the sloping strands extend into the resulting from the honeycomb deformation structure lateral niches of the deformation structure. They stand thus not laterally over the deformation structure in front.

A perfect pre-tensioning of the drawstring can be done without any problems can be achieved with the features of claim 8.

The base plate need only have a small thickness. But it is according to claim 9 on the edge down folded and in the area between the folded edge areas provided with vertical bars. In this way only needs to fix the base plate in place over the bevelled edge areas and the vertical webs to be pressed into the ground. In active connection with the soil, the base plate then also takes over a certain ability to yield.

The bottom plate is advantageous on the face screwed into the post embedded in the floor. The posts are preferably in the ground rammed. You have an I-shaped cross section. The connection between the base plate and the Post is done by placing two in each channel Post U inserted short U-irons with a sheet blank be welded. The U-irons take over the orientation on the post, while the sheet blank on the front of the post. The U-irons are replaced by at least two bolts and nuts on the bridge of the post fixed. There is a hole in the sheet metal blank. Through appropriate holes in the base plate then plugged in bolts and this way the base plate on the sheet blanks and thus also on the Detachably fixed posts.

Finally, according to claim 11, it forms an advantageous one Training if the deformation structure with is provided with a waterproof flexible cover. This can be a tarpaulin or a film act, e.g. via guy straps on the Deformation structure is set. The flexibility of Cover ensures that the function of the deformation structure not affected in the event of an impact becomes. The function of the cover is that in the Deformation spaces can not fix what the deformation in the event of a collision. In the warmer season, these could be solid components, for example, branches of trees. In the winter this would be ice forming in the deformation spaces.

In this context, the bottom edges are useful in any case of the steel sheets forming the deformation spaces recesses are provided in certain areas, through which if necessary, what has entered the deformation spaces Water can drain off.

In summary it can be said that the crash cushion with the deformation structure, the tension band, the band strands, the bottom plate, the console and the arch one pre-assembled unit that forms as a whole to the installation site transported and fixed here can.

Figur 1

in der Draufsicht einen Anpralldämpfer endseitig einer Leitplankenanordnung;

Figur 2

eine Seitenansicht der Darstellung der Figur 1 entlang der Linie II-II;

Figur 3

in vergrößerter Darstellung den Ausschnitt III der Figur 1;

Figur 4

in vergrößerter Darstellung den Ausschnitt IV der Figur 1;

Figur 5

einen Vertikalschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 4 entlang der Linie V-V;

Figur 6

einen abgewickelten Vertikalschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur III entlang der Linie VI-VI;

Figur 7

in vergrößerter Darstellung den Ausschnitt VII der Figur 2 im vertikalen Längsschnitt;

Figur 8

in vergrößerter Darstellung einen Vertikalschnitt durch die Figur 3 entlang der Linie VIII-VIII und

Figur 9

einen horizontalen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 8 entlang der Linie IX-IX.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

in plan view an impact damper at the end of a guardrail arrangement;

Figure 2

a side view of the representation of Figure 1 along the line II-II;

Figure 3

in an enlarged view the section III of Figure 1;

Figure 4

in an enlarged view the section IV of Figure 1;

Figure 5

a vertical section through the representation of Figure 4 along the line VV;

Figure 6

a developed vertical section through the representation of Figure III along the line VI-VI;

Figure 7

in an enlarged view the detail VII of Figure 2 in vertical longitudinal section;

Figure 8

in an enlarged view a vertical section through Figure 3 along the line VIII-VIII and

Figure 9

a horizontal section through the representation of Figure 8 along the line IX-IX.

1 to 3, 1 denotes an impact damper, which is arranged at the end of a guardrail 2. In the exemplary embodiment, a double guardrail is open the median between two lanes for motor vehicles illustrated by an arc 3 with each other are connected. The sheet 3 is from the section a guardrail 2 shaped. The ends of the two Guardrails 2 are over before the transition to arch 3 inner brackets 4 at rammed into the bottom 5 C-shaped Post 6 releasably attached.

The impact damper 1 comprises in more detail below described bent steel sheets 7 (Figures 4 and 5) formed honeycomb deformation spaces 8 with vertical Axes 9. The steel sheets 7 are over vertical longitudinal edges 10 to a deformation structure 11 with one in the Horizontals having a greater length L than width B. rectangular configuration put together.

The width B of the deformation structure 11 largely corresponds the distance A of the sides facing the carriageways 12 of the two guardrails 2.

It can also be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3 that the deformation structure 11 on which the two guardrails 2 connecting arch 3 supports. They are the bow 3 contacting steel sheets 7 welded to the arch 3.

The deformation structure is as shown in FIG 11 regarding their resistance to the kinetic impact energy in three lengths X, Y, Z structured. The facing away from the guard rails 2, in the Horizontal V-shaped head area X sets the impact energy less resistance than the length section Z of the deformation structure 11. Between the The head area X and the length section Z is almost in shape a stiffening area Y integrated into a transverse wall can offer an even higher resistance than that Length range Z. These are the honeycomb-shaped deformation spaces 8 steel sheets 7 welded together and as can be seen from FIG. 2 is, in two superimposed height ranges webs 13 welded into the deformation spaces 8.

FIGS. 1 and 2 also show that the head region X of the deformation structure 11 from a in the surface closed arc-shaped jacket sheet 14 covered is.

The deformation structure 11 is one on the upper side 15 Base plate 16 arranged displaceably. Both the length L1 and the width B1 of the base plate 16 are larger than the length L and width B of the deformation structure 11. FIGS. 2, 6 and 8 show that the base plate 16 bevelled at the edge and in the area between the folded edge regions 17 with vertical webs 18 is provided. Over the edge areas 17 and the vertical webs 18, the base plate 16 can be pressed into the base 5 and be localized in this way.

In addition, that shown in Figures 1 and 2 and from two interconnected lengths 16a, 16b existing bottom plate 16 ends in the Bottom 5 rammed, cross-sectionally I-shaped post 19 attached (Figures 2, 8 and 9). For this purpose are on the upper ends of the posts 19 in pairs in the channels the post 19-containing U-iron 20 provided and with the Posts 19 connected by screws 21. Headside of the U-irons 20 are welded to sheet blanks 22, which on the the upper end faces of the posts 19. About in the Base plate 16 and provided in the sheet blanks 22 Bores can be screwed 23 and the bottom plate 16 and the sheet blanks 22 then with the help of Bolt 23 and on these turned nuts 24 fixed in position become.

There are several types for building the deformation structure 11 of steel sheets 7 provided, but the legs 25 are always the same length and adjacent legs 25 to each other are bent by 120 ° (Figure 4). Along the free vertical edges 10 of the steel sheets 7 (Figure 5) several hooks arranged at a distance one above the other 26 arranged with receiving slots 27 on the underside. In the corner regions 10 of the steel sheets 7, however, are between each two legs 25 vertical slit-like Recesses 28 are provided. By inserting the hooks 26 into the recesses 28 and then lowering engage the lower peripheral areas of the recesses 28 in the receiving slots 27 of the hook 26, so that in this way the steel sheets 7 with each other properly can be locked horizontally in a tension- and pressure-resistant manner.

The circumferential side of the deformation structure 11 arranged Steel sheets 7a are, as can be seen in FIG. 4, in sections arranged overlapping and here at 29 with each other screwed.

It can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6 that the Deformation structure 11 in the vertical central longitudinal plane MLE from an approximately mid-height range Drawstring 30 in the form of a wire rope relative is moveable. Near the the crash barriers 2 connecting bow 3 is a turnbuckle in the drawstring 30 31 incorporated. This turnbuckle 31 connects the length section consisting of a wire rope 32 of the drawstring 30 with a drawbar 33.

As FIG. 3 in particular shows, the pull rod 33 releasably connected to a projection 34 which has a fixed Part of a protruding from the bottom plate 16 upwards Console 35 forms. The console 35 has a trapezoidal shape Cross section and is with the bottom plate 16th and welded to the arch 3. A vertical triangular Web plate 36 (Figures 1, 2 and 3) stiffens the Console 35 in addition. The height of the console 35 corresponds the height H of the deformation structure 11. This extends over the upper edges 37 of the crash barriers 2 upwards (Figure 2). The pull rod 33 is below the Lower edge of the arch 3 and thus also the guardrails 2 fixed to the projection 34. By more to each other V-shaped stiffening plates 38 in the height area of the arch 3, the console 35 in the arch 3 is additional frozen. The stiffening plates 38 are with the Console 35 and the arc 3 welded.

That in the head region X facing away from the guard rails 2 the deformation structure 11 located end 39 of the tension band 30 is deflected obliquely downwards via a roller 40 and fastened to the base plate 16 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 7). The roller 40 is on an axis 41 and extends within a deformation space 8. Die Axis 41 is in the side delimiting the deformation space 8 Steel sheets 7 stored. Before the roll 40 passes through the drawstring 30, a guide sleeve 42 which a steel sheet 7 of the deformation structure 11 releasably is set. In the remaining length range Z the Deformation structure 11 are only in the steel sheets 7 Openings provided by the drawstring 30 with sufficient game to be enforced. The attachment of the tension band 30 on the base plate 16 takes place via a Eye bolt 43, as can be seen in more detail in FIG. 6.

When viewing Figures 1, 2 and 6 together moreover to recognize that in the longitudinal course of the tension band 30 at a distance from each other on the drawstring 30 fixing bushes 44 are set. The definition of the fixing bushes 44 can be done, for example, by screw bolts 45, push through the fixing bushings 44 from above and onto the Tension band 30 are pressed (Figure 6).

Eyebolts are on the undersides of the fixing bushings 44 43 attached. These eyebolts 43 serve the stop of vertical strands 46 in the form of wire ropes (Figures 2 and 6). The other ends of the strands 46 are also attached to eye bolts 43, which are releasably attached to the base plate 16.

There are also eyebolts on the side of the fixing bushings 44 43 attached. These are used to stop in pairs V-shaped horizontal tape strands 47 in Form of wire ropes. This towards the head area X diverging strands 47 are on the other hand on eyebolts 43 attached to the edge sheet steel 7a of the deformation structure 11 are fixed. On the other side of these steel sheets 7a are also eyebolts 43 set. At these eye bolts 43 are sloping downward strands 48 in the form of Wire ropes struck, also with their lower ones Ends are struck on eyebolts 43, which are detachable are attached to the base plate 16. Like the figures 1, 3 and 6 indicate that they are at an angle extending strands 48 in through the steel sheets 7a formed niche-like areas 49 of the deformation structure 11. You do not stand out.

The deformation structure 11 is watertight overall flexible cover 50 made of a plastic tarpaulin Mistake. Cover 50 prevents intrusion of water in the deformation structure 11. In addition there can be no coarse particles in the deformation structure 11 fix.

In the lower height range of the deformation structure 11 is in various perforated steel sheets 7a each have an opening 51 provided (Figure 2), via which in the deformation structure 11 leak water again can.

List of reference symbols

1 -

Impact absorber

2 -

Guardrails

3 -

arc

4 -

Consoles

5 -

ground

6 -

post

7 -

Steel sheets

7a -

Sheet steel, circumferential

8th -

Deformation spaces

9 -

vertical axes v. 8th

10 -

Longitudinal edges from 7, 7a

11 -

Deformation structure

12 -

Pages from 2nd

13 -

Bridges in 8

14 -

Cladding sheet

15 -

Top v. 16

16 -

Base plate

16a -

Longitudinal section v. 16

16b -

Longitudinal section v. 16

17 -

Marginal areas v. 16

18 -

Vertical webs v. 16

19 -

post

20 -

U iron

21 -

Screws

22 -

Tin blanks

23 -

Bolts

24 -

Nuts

25 -

Thigh v. 7, 7a

26 -

Hooks

27 -

Slots

28 -

Recesses

29 -

Fittings

30 -

Drawstring

31 -

Turnbuckle

32 -

Longitudinal section v. 30th

33 -

Drawbar v. 30th

34 -

Head start on 35

35 -

console

36 -

Web plate in 35

37 -

Upper edges of 2nd

38 -

Stiffening plates

39 -

End of v. 30th

40 -

role

41 -

Axis f. 40

42 -

Guide sleeve

43 -

Eye bolts

44 -

Fixing bushings

45 -

Bolts

46 -

vertical strands of tape

47 -

horizontal strands of tape

48 -

sloping strands of tape

49 -

niche areas v. 11

50 -

Cover f. 11

51 -

Breakthroughs in 11

A -

Distance from 12th

B -

Width of 11

B1 -

Width of 16

H -

Height of 11

L -

Length of 11

L1 -

Length of 16

MLE-

vertical median longitudinal plane v. 1

X -

Longitudinal section v. 11

Y -

Longitudinal section v. 11

Z -

Longitudinal section v. 11

Claims (11)

Impact absorber, which is protected by folded steel sheets (7, 7a) formed honeycomb-shaped deformation spaces (8) vertical axes (9), in which the Steel sheets (7, 7a) over vertical longitudinal edges (10) to a deformation structure (11) with one in the Horizontal a greater length (L) than width (B) having configuration are plugged together, and the deformation structure (11) at the end (3) of a Edge of a motor vehicle road provided guardrail (2) is supported in the longitudinal direction thereof that can be moved on a stationary base plate (16) Deformation structure (11) in the area of their vertical median longitudinal plane (MLE) of approximately one drawstring (30) extending in the middle height range is relatively moveable, that over its ends (33, 39) as well as spaced apart vertical strands (46) with the base plate (16) and aligned in pairs in a V-shape horizontal strands (47) with edge sections (7a) the deformation structure (11) is connected, and that the edge sections (7a) are provided on the edge side sloping band strands (48) with the base plate (16) are connected. Impact absorber according to claim 1, in which the Guardrail (2) adjacent end (33) of the tension band (30) attached to a housing-like bracket (35) which protrudes upward from the base plate (16) and inside of an arcuate end (3) of the Guardrail (2) is supported. Crash damper according to claim 1 or 2, in which that in the head area facing away from the guardrail (2) (X) end of the deformation structure (11) (39) of the tension band (30) at an angle via a roller (40) deflected downwards and fastened to the base plate (16) is. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 3, which is the head region (X) of the deformation structure (11) is V-shaped in the horizontal, less resistance to deformation than that has remaining length range (Z) and from this Length range (Z) over the entire width of the deformation structure (11) due to deformation spaces stiffened inside (Y) is separated. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is the head region (X) of the deformation structure (11) of an arcuate closed in the surface Jacket sheet (14) is covered. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 5, which the tension band (30) passes through fixing bushes (44), where the stop of the horizontal and vertical bolts (47, 46) serving eyebolts (43) are set. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 6, which to stop the vertical and oblique Belt strands (46, 48) to the base plate (16) and to the stop of the horizontal and sloping strands (47, 48) to the edge areas (7a) of the deformation structure (11) Eyebolts (43) are provided are. Crash damper according to one of claims 2 to 7, which the end (33) adjacent to the guardrail (2) the drawstring (30) is formed by a drawbar, which via a turnbuckle (31) with the rest (32) of the tension band (30) is coupled. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 8, which the bottom plate (16) edge down folded and in the area between the folded Edge areas (17) are provided with vertical webs (18) is. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 9, at which the bottom plate (16) on the front of in Bottom (5) screwed in post (19) is. Crash damper according to one of claims 1 to 10, which the deformation structure (11) with a waterproof flexible cover (50) is provided.

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