EP1023988A2 - Verfahren zum Verdichten von Abfällen und Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Verdichten von Abfällen und Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1023988A2
EP1023988A2 EP00400662A EP00400662A EP1023988A2 EP 1023988 A2 EP1023988 A2 EP 1023988A2 EP 00400662 A EP00400662 A EP 00400662A EP 00400662 A EP00400662 A EP 00400662A EP 1023988 A2 EP1023988 A2 EP 1023988A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
machine
roller
waste
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00400662A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1023988A3 (de
EP1023988B1 (de
Inventor
Antoine-Marie Chedru
Eric Marcel Denis Morisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Techval
Original Assignee
Valdec
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valdec filed Critical Valdec
Publication of EP1023988A2 publication Critical patent/EP1023988A2/de
Publication of EP1023988A3 publication Critical patent/EP1023988A3/de
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Publication of EP1023988B1 publication Critical patent/EP1023988B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3082—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor with compression means other than rams performing a rectilinear movement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the compaction of waste, in particular packaging lost in cardboard or similar material, based on organic resins for example (plastics in general), in a machine allowing to shred and compress the waste of this kind, significantly reducing their volume. Waste thus compacted are generally collected in a removable and interchangeable machine receptacle, such than a carrying bag.
  • the invention essentially has for subject a compaction process to eliminate risk of jamming which may cause a malfunction of the machine during compaction and a machine comprising means specific to the implementation of the different process operations.
  • a machine currently used for compaction of cartons and other disposable packaging products is described in patent application 97 12 967 of October 16 1997. It essentially comprises a cylindrical tank of waste reception, open upwards, and a compaction comprising a horizontal toothed roller which is applied by its own weight to the waste found in the tank.
  • the toothed roller has a double rotational movement, namely a rotation of the head compaction as a whole around the central axis of said tank (oriented vertical in normal operation) and a rotation of the roller on itself, around its axis longitudinal.
  • this roller preferably cylindrical in shape, is generally oriented perpendicular to the axis of the tank. Its own axis is so then horizontal in normal operation.
  • the object of the invention is to resolve the problems that sometimes arise from the use of machines gender, especially when the machine is intended for a continuous operation and the waste is discarded or otherwise introduced into the tank in instant quantities variable, while the compacting head is rotating.
  • the supply of the tank with waste not being regular, local stuffing can occur which interfere with good compaction and / or shredding of waste.
  • the present invention proposes to provide a process which eliminates jams in order to obtain regular compaction of waste, in a reduced volume, in a bag or other receptacle placed in the tank.
  • the process according to the invention consists basically to monitor a significant magnitude of force or reaction torque exerted by the organ of the compaction head and, when said quantity exceeds a predetermined threshold, to perform a cleaning operation according to which the head of compaction is raised by a predetermined height and then released, the compaction head descending on the waste and being rotated in opposite directions.
  • the two rotational movements are controlled by a single motor and, in normal operation, the direction of rotation of the motor is periodically reversed, the period of time between two normal inversions successive being greater than the duration of the operation of cleaning.
  • the duration of the cleaning operation is less than or at most equal at 5 seconds and the normal shift period is at least around 20 seconds.
  • the present invention also relates to a machine for carrying out the above process, machine which includes means suitable for producing, preferably automatically, the successive operations involved said process.
  • a machine advantageously includes means for detecting the force exercised by the driving organ, as well as means of shutdown of the drive unit, means reversing the direction of rotation around the tank axis and / or its direction of rotation on itself, and means of lifting of the compacting head, which are placed under the control of said force detection means.
  • the machine comprising means for detecting the height of the compaction head which provide a tank signal full when said height exceeds a determined threshold, said cell-full signal triggers a time delay, the duration is greater than the duration of the operation of cleaning and, if during the duration of said delay, the height of the compacting head remains greater than said threshold of full tank, the machine is stopped completely. This prevents the machine from being stopped unexpectedly if the lifting head exceeds the threshold of tank full temporarily during lifting during a cleaning operation.
  • the means for lifting the compacting head have a hydraulic cylinder and the lifting height of said head when a jam is detected is determined by the actuation time of the cylinder.
  • the organ drive the compacting head around the axis of the tank has a hydraulic motor and the motor and the cylinder are supplied by the same circuit from a motor pump connected to a hydraulic fluid tank.
  • the force detection means include a threshold pressure detector measuring pressure at the motor input.
  • the jack is arranged in a vertical housing arranged in the vicinity of the tank and the head compactor carries a moving protective sheet in front of the accommodation to prevent waste from entering in the accommodation.
  • a protective skirt can be attached under the head compaction so as to move tangentially to walls of the receptacle receiving the waste as and when of their compaction.
  • Such a skirt is preferably made integral with the compacting head in its translational displacements in the direction of the axis of the tank (therefore in a normally vertical direction in functioning) and constructed so as to be totally clear of the tank when the compacting head is in its maximum upper position, so that in position upper maximum, the skirt does not hinder the extraction of full removable receptacle (usually a soft bag), and / or to ensure that all waste is always returned to the receptacle in place in the tank during the compaction of injected waste.
  • the means for detecting the height of the compaction head consist of a cam integral with the compacting head and cooperating with a detector mounted on a structure remaining fixed.
  • the machine shown in Figure 1 is intended to the compaction of waste constituting materials recyclable, which is collected in a bag, usually flexible and plastic, which is placed in the machine to collect the compacted materials under the form of what is customary to call a ball.
  • the machine according to the invention is intended more particularly to treat cardboard packaging, but it can also be light packaging in material plastic, loose paper, wood or sheet metal thin and, more generally, of materials compressible whose volume can be reduced by shredding and squeezing them.
  • This machine essentially comprises a chassis 1 the bottom of which is provided with feet 10 so as to present a pallet type structure, which allows to transport the chassis 1 by a forklift, for example of the type of pallet trucks.
  • the chassis 1 comprises a cylindrical tank 2 which is bounded by a semi-cylindrical fixed part 3 and two doors in the shape of a quarter of a circle which close on the in front of chassis 1 (only one has been shown, for clarity issues).
  • the chassis 1 has, at its rear part, two rollers 7, only one of which is visible in FIG. 1. can fix at its front part a bar 8, which can be placed under the bottom of the chassis 1, in front of the front legs 10.
  • This bar 8 has a central opening 9, which is suitable for the passage of the fork of a pallet truck.
  • the tank 2 is open upwards, and a hopper 11 is arranged above for feeding into old cartons packing.
  • This hopper is of general shape rectangular and it has, in each rear corner lower, an oblique triangular plate 12 which serves to avoid the accumulation of material in these corners.
  • the compacting device includes a support arm 13, substantially horizontal, one end of which moves in vertical translation in a vertical housing 14, arranged in the vicinity of the tank 2, under the action of a jack 22 ( Figure 2).
  • This single acting cylinder is located in housing 14. Its action is exerted only for impose a forced movement in the direction of lifting and to lift said arm 13, while the latter is in free descent, due to its weight, when the cylinder is exhausted.
  • the arm 13 supports a motor hydraulic 15, which prints a double rotational movement to a toothed roller 16 arranged horizontally in the tank 2.
  • the double rotational movement is as follows: share the toothed roller 16 turns on itself around its horizontal longitudinal axis, and on the other hand, the roller 16 is rotated in a horizontal plane around the central vertical axis of the tank 2. In this way, the roller toothed 16, which extends only on one side of the central axis of the tank, turns in the tank 2 while turning on itself.
  • the roller toothed is driven by a single motor, namely the motor hydraulic 15, in the control it reaches by the entire mechanical transmission assembly to gears, as already described in the patent French 97 12 967.
  • a protective skirt 17, of cylindrical shape and slightly smaller in diameter than tank 2, is fixed on the support arm 15, so as to move vertically with the latter by sliding in the tank 2. In particular, it prevents the toothed roller from turning throw debris of shredded material out of the right-of-way from the receptacle bag, without falling back into it to undergo the compaction pressure by the pea of the assembly mobile.
  • An oblique protective sheet 18 is also fixed on the arm 13. It is arranged in front of the housing vertical 14 and it is inclined towards the inside of the tank. Its purpose is to avoid any intrusion of waste in housing 14.
  • FIG 1 we can also see various equipment present on the chassis 1 of the machine, such as a indicator 19, which lights up to indicate that the bag is full under the control of a full tank detector, a window 21, and a control console 26.
  • a indicator 19 which lights up to indicate that the bag is full under the control of a full tank detector, a window 21, and a control console 26.
  • Figure 3 shows the diagram of the devices drive the compacting head.
  • the system is hydraulic type. It includes a fluid reservoir 31 under pressure, to which pump 32 of a group is connected motor pump comprising an electric motor 33.
  • the motor 15 for driving the arm 13 being a hydraulic motor, it is supplied by the pressure supplied by pump 32, via a distributor three-position reverser 34 which supplies power to the motor 15 directly or in reverse, so as to obtain two directions of rotation, or put the pipes input and output of the motor in direct connection (position engine stop 15).
  • the hydraulic cylinder 22, which has already been said to be is single acting, is also powered by high pressure supplied by pump 32, via a two-position distributor 36 which controls either the setting under pressure from the jack, i.e. setting jack 22 to the exhaust, by connection with the reservoir 31, which causes the compaction head to descend under the effect of its weight.
  • a pressure detector 37 which detects the pressure supplied to the motor 15 and provides a signal when this pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • Figure 5 which is a block diagram of the machine control device, we brought up that the threshold pressure detector 37 thus provides a threshold crossing signal which is transmitted to a circuit control logic 41, the output of which is connected to the distributor 36 and distributor 34. Furthermore, the position detector 25, sensitive to high tank level full of the compaction head, provides a signal of overrun to a timing circuit 42 whose output is connected to distributor 36 and distributor 34.
  • the machine is then ready to operate for process the waste that is admitted to the tank by the feed hopper 11.
  • the motor 15 is started, either by command manually by means of the control panel 26, either so automatic by means of detection cells which are arranged on each side of the hopper 11 and which control switching on for a determined time when passing each batch of waste.
  • the toothed roller 16 turns on itself while turning around the central axis of the tank.
  • the skirt 17 constitutes a protection which ensures that all waste falls into the bag and the oblique plate 18 prevents waste from enter housing 14, which could harm movements of the arm 13 under the translation control vertical.
  • the motor 15 will have to provide a greater effort.
  • the presence of a pile of waste that the machine does not reach to be treated results in reaction by an increase in the hydraulic supply pressure.
  • detector 25 transmits a threshold crossing signal to logic circuit 41, which initiates operations of cleaning.
  • the cleaning orders are determined automatically by engine supply pressure monitoring (step 42) by means of the detector 25. If the threshold is not exceeded, there is no particular action. However, if this threshold is exceeded, the cleaning operation is commanded. She consists in triggering a timer (step 43) during which one raises the compacting head of a certain height and the engine is stopped. For example, we can note the compaction head for 3 seconds and stop the engine after 2 seconds.
  • the operating time of the motor is calculated based on the rotation speed of the toothed roller 16 in tank 2 to ensure that during of this cleaning operation, the roller passes from the other side of the mass of material that created this stuffing. For one second, the motor is not powered and this is sufficient for the roller to become stationary from so as to be able to bear without risk of being trained in reverse rotation.
  • step 44 we check that it there is no end of ball signal. If this is the case, we go to the machine stop phase to unloading of the bag of compacted waste: the mobile assembly completely (step 45) and the engine (step 46).
  • step 47 If there is no signal for the end of the ball, we return en route the engine by reversing its direction of rotation (step 47) and the compaction assembly is lowered by putting the cylinder 22 at the exhaust, so that the roller toothed 16 descends and comes into contact with the waste.
  • the jam status monitoring is performed new as shown in arrow 49.
  • the time delay and the lifting height of the roller which depends on the actuation time of the jack 22, are set in such a way that, in the majority of cases, the toothed roller passes over the jam by reducing and then eliminating it completely by returning to the other direction. If a jam is again observed during second pass, a second cleaning operation is controlled to completely remove the jam.
  • Full tank (or end of bale) detection is performed by means of the detector 25 during step 41 of as follows:
  • a timer is triggered, for example 10 seconds, the duration of which is greater than that of the cleaning operation and, if during this time delay, the height has always been above the threshold B, we provide an end of ball signal which is tested in step 44. In this way, stops are avoided untimely in the event that, to resolve a jam occurring when the tank is only almost full, the compaction assembly is located higher than the position B to descend immediately.
  • the machine according to the invention thus ensures, in in all circumstances, regular compaction to form a homogeneous ball with high density, the waste having been effectively shredded together with tablets.
  • additional direction reversals are insured, as described, whenever there appears a tamping, by facilitating by raising the arm a passage of the toothed roller in one direction, then in the other, in the area where the material has gathered to remove the jam.
  • the delay of the final shutdown operation when the tank is full avoids untimely stops of a cleaning operation while the bale being training does not fill the bag completely yet.
  • the invention is not limited to provisions and methods of implementation which have been specifically described above. On the contrary, it extends to any variant passing through equivalent means.
  • other organs can be used drive, such as an electric motor.
  • the example of embodiment described has the advantage that the delay implemented during the operation of cleaning can be obtained simply, due to the inertia of hydraulic motors, by the duration of the action of the lifting cylinder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP00400662A 1999-12-18 2000-03-10 Verfahren zum Verdichten von Abfällen und Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP1023988B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9916833 1999-12-18
FR9916833A FR2802462B1 (fr) 1999-12-18 1999-12-18 Procede de compactage de dechets et machine pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1023988A2 true EP1023988A2 (de) 2000-08-02
EP1023988A3 EP1023988A3 (de) 2000-10-11
EP1023988B1 EP1023988B1 (de) 2005-03-02

Family

ID=9554135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00400662A Expired - Lifetime EP1023988B1 (de) 1999-12-18 2000-03-10 Verfahren zum Verdichten von Abfällen und Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6520072B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1023988B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE289914T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2300624C (de)
DE (1) DE60018315T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1023988T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2221594T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2802462B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1023988E (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2844727A1 (fr) * 2002-09-24 2004-03-26 Techval Compacteur de matieres
NL1038055C2 (nl) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-20 Rimetaal Holding B V Inrichting voor het verdichten van materiaal, in het bijzonder kunststofafval.
FR3087676A1 (fr) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-01 Alterval Machine de compactage de dechets compressibles a haut rendement
CN113771403A (zh) * 2021-08-13 2021-12-10 深圳市怡正发物业管理有限公司 一种物业智能管理用垃圾处理装置

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10339652B4 (de) * 2003-08-28 2012-09-06 Deere & Company Rundballenpresse
DE202007010997U1 (de) * 2007-08-07 2008-09-11 Hagemann, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von komprimierbarem Schüttgut und Preßorgan einer solchen Vorrichtung
US20100050887A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Freda Robert B Self-Contained Roll-off Shredding Compactor System
CN108792359B (zh) * 2018-07-17 2021-08-03 佛山市南海区北奥清洁用品有限公司 一种公共场所用垃圾桶

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3342187A1 (de) * 1983-11-23 1985-05-30 Heinz 4474 Lathen Bergmann Vorrichtung zum verdichten von aus verpackungsmaterial und leicht pressbaren abfaellen bestehendem muell
US4524685A (en) * 1982-10-15 1985-06-25 Heinz Bergmann Equipment for compacting trash consisting of packing materials and easily compressed wastes
DE3718359A1 (de) * 1987-06-01 1988-12-22 Heinz Bergmann Vorrichtung zum aufnehmen und verdichten von abfaellen
WO1993021007A1 (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-28 Hansen, Henry Equipment for compacting trash including a compacting roller
WO1995025632A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Sebastian Hansen Compacting device for compressing of material
US5579688A (en) * 1991-11-21 1996-12-03 Kenbay Limited An Irish Company Waste compactor for compacting waste in open containers
FR2769900A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-23 Antoine Marie Chedru Dispositif de reduction du volume de dechets

Family Cites Families (7)

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US3720052A (en) * 1971-05-03 1973-03-13 Haybuster Mfg Inc Haystacking machine
EP0042580B1 (de) * 1980-06-24 1984-09-26 Heinz Bergmann Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Müll in offenen Containern
US4735136A (en) * 1986-12-23 1988-04-05 Whirlpool Corporation Full receptacle indicator for compactor
SE461642B (sv) * 1987-06-05 1990-03-12 Henry Hansen Anordning vid behaallare foer komprimering av avfall
US4870898A (en) * 1988-09-19 1989-10-03 Spencer William D Trash compactor with pivoting platen portion
DE3903642C2 (de) * 1989-02-08 1996-05-30 Heinz Bergmann Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von aus Verpackungsmaterial bestehendem Müll
SE9401749L (sv) * 1994-05-20 1995-05-22 Sebastian Hansen Anordning för komprimering av gods i en behållare

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4524685A (en) * 1982-10-15 1985-06-25 Heinz Bergmann Equipment for compacting trash consisting of packing materials and easily compressed wastes
DE3342187A1 (de) * 1983-11-23 1985-05-30 Heinz 4474 Lathen Bergmann Vorrichtung zum verdichten von aus verpackungsmaterial und leicht pressbaren abfaellen bestehendem muell
DE3718359A1 (de) * 1987-06-01 1988-12-22 Heinz Bergmann Vorrichtung zum aufnehmen und verdichten von abfaellen
US5579688A (en) * 1991-11-21 1996-12-03 Kenbay Limited An Irish Company Waste compactor for compacting waste in open containers
WO1993021007A1 (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-28 Hansen, Henry Equipment for compacting trash including a compacting roller
WO1995025632A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Sebastian Hansen Compacting device for compressing of material
FR2769900A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-23 Antoine Marie Chedru Dispositif de reduction du volume de dechets

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2844727A1 (fr) * 2002-09-24 2004-03-26 Techval Compacteur de matieres
EP1407876A1 (de) * 2002-09-24 2004-04-14 Techval Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Material, insbesondere Verpackungsabfälle
NL1038055C2 (nl) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-20 Rimetaal Holding B V Inrichting voor het verdichten van materiaal, in het bijzonder kunststofafval.
FR3087676A1 (fr) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-01 Alterval Machine de compactage de dechets compressibles a haut rendement
EP3647042A1 (de) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-06 Alterval Hochleistungs-kompaktiermaschine für komprimierbare abfälle
CN113771403A (zh) * 2021-08-13 2021-12-10 深圳市怡正发物业管理有限公司 一种物业智能管理用垃圾处理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1023988A3 (de) 2000-10-11
PT1023988E (pt) 2005-06-30
US6520072B2 (en) 2003-02-18
ES2221594T3 (es) 2005-09-01
ES2221594T1 (es) 2005-01-01
CA2300624C (fr) 2008-10-21
DK1023988T3 (da) 2005-05-30
CA2300624A1 (fr) 2001-06-18
DE60018315T2 (de) 2006-01-12
DE60018315D1 (de) 2005-04-07
EP1023988B1 (de) 2005-03-02
FR2802462B1 (fr) 2002-03-01
ATE289914T1 (de) 2005-03-15
FR2802462A1 (fr) 2001-06-22
US20010003952A1 (en) 2001-06-21

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