EP1023539B1 - Element for securing railway rails on a solid track - Google Patents
Element for securing railway rails on a solid track Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1023539B1 EP1023539B1 EP98954412A EP98954412A EP1023539B1 EP 1023539 B1 EP1023539 B1 EP 1023539B1 EP 98954412 A EP98954412 A EP 98954412A EP 98954412 A EP98954412 A EP 98954412A EP 1023539 B1 EP1023539 B1 EP 1023539B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor bolt
- anchor
- bolt
- railway rails
- mixing head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
- E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/24—Fixing or removing detachable fastening means or accessories thereof; Pre-assembling track components by detachable fastening means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
- E01B9/14—Plugs, sleeves, thread linings, or other inserts for holes in sleepers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fastening element for fastening railroad tracks on a solid road, d. H. Rail fastening for ballastless Superstructure with the help of a hardenable mass.
- the attachment according to the known solution is done in such a way that in a borehole of the subsurface filled with mortar a fastening element is used with an anchoring area. In the mouth area of the A centering sleeve is attached to the borehole.
- the centering sleeve has on the circumference longitudinal grooves on when inserting the fastener displacing the mortar mass into the borehole.
- an anchor is proposed here, which is essentially three Main sections, the threaded anchor fitting, a transition area that forms a transition cone and one Plug.
- the anchor is in the borehole with the help of a destructible glass cartridge set.
- EP-A-0713 014 is a by means of a curable mass in a borehole of a component fixable anchor bolt known, the anchoring part is formed by a cone bolt covered with a plastic jacket. On a pin arranged on the end face of the anchoring part is a Mixing head attached, which is detachably connected to the anchor bolt. Since therefore There is no fixed connection between the anchor bolt and the mixing head torque is not transmitted to the mixing head nor is the mixing head able to absorb tensile forces acting on the anchor bolt.
- the ring-shaped for this purpose and offset to one another in the axial direction has arranged cams, hammered into the borehole. To put enabling the anchor bolt by hammering in is the amount and the Grain size of the tensile impact materials of the composite mass limited, so that due to the lower strength of the composite after curing result in lower holding values.
- the invention has for its object a fastener for attachment train railroad tracks on a solid carriageway in such a way that on the one hand a good mixing of the compound mass in the rotation gear and on the other hand the mixing head for anchoring effect of the anchor bolt in particular also contributes to an increasing tensile load.
- the Anchor bolts Due to the firm connection between anchor bolt and mixing head, the Anchor bolts are set in the rotation gear. Due to the helical shape Arranged ribs on the mixing head create the hardened mortar core in the Inclined surfaces engaging behind the borehole, which reinforce the anchoring effect of the Reinforce the anchor bolt arranged cones, especially when there is tensile load. The inclined surfaces and the cone also result in a spreading effect, that occurs when cracks occur, for example by squeezing in the solid carriageway can arise, compensates for the loss of shark strength. to The anchorage effect can be further improved over part of the Length of the bolt section may be profiled.
- the invention is based on the embodiment shown in the drawing explained in more detail.
- the anchor bolt 16 shown in FIG. 1 has a bolt section 10, which is provided with a profile 5 over part of its length.
- the The front area of the anchor bolt 16 has a cone 6, which adjoins Mixing head 7 connects.
- the mixing head 7 is arranged helically and radially projecting ribs 7b, the outer dimension of which is somewhat smaller than the borehole diameter in the concrete slab.
- the between the ribs 7b Trained grooves 7a enable the anchor bolt 16 to be driven in Flow of the compound mass.
- At the rear end of the anchor bolt 16 is one self-locking hexagon nut 30 on a corresponding connection thread screwed. Between the hex nut 30 and one over the Anchor bolt slipped centering bushing 3, a compression spring 2 is arranged, the serves as a biasing force element.
- FIG 2 the fastening of a railroad track 14 is shown.
- the rail 14 becomes a rib track plate 9 with a support plate 11 aligned on the concrete support plate 8 and through the mounting holes 15 of the Ribbed track plate 9 and support plate 11, the drill holes 17 in the concrete support plate 8 drilled.
- the rail 14 is with tension clamps 12, which are clamped with a nut 1 are attached to the ribbed track plate 9.
- the drill holes is the composite 13 in this by injection or by means of a Cartridge inserted.
- the anchor bolt is set in the rotational gear, whereby the compound mass is mixed and the annular gap between the anchor bolt 16 and the wall of the borehole 17 is filled.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Befestigungselement zur Befestigung von Eisenbahnschienen auf einer festen Fahrbahn, d. h. Schienenbefestigung für schotterlosen Oberbau mit Hilfe von einer aushärtbaren Masse.The invention relates to a fastening element for fastening railroad tracks on a solid road, d. H. Rail fastening for ballastless Superstructure with the help of a hardenable mass.
Aus der DE OS 30 14 569 ist ein Befestigungsanker zur spreizdruckfreien Befestigung
bekannt.From DE
Die Befestigung nach der bekannten Lösung erfolgt in der Weise, daß in ein mit Mörtelmasse verfülltes Bohrloch des Untergrunds ein Befestigungselement mit einem Verankerungsbereich eingesetzt wird. Im Mündungsbereich des Bohrlochs ist eine Zentrierhülse angebracht. Die Zentrierhülse weist am Umfang in Längsrichtung verlaufende Nuten auf, die beim Einsetzen des Befestigungselements in das Bohrloch ein Verdrängen der Mörtelmasse bewirkt.The attachment according to the known solution is done in such a way that in a borehole of the subsurface filled with mortar a fastening element is used with an anchoring area. In the mouth area of the A centering sleeve is attached to the borehole. The centering sleeve has on the circumference longitudinal grooves on when inserting the fastener displacing the mortar mass into the borehole.
Die Praxis zeigt, daß das bekannte System nur in einem eingeschränkten Bereich eingesetzt werden kann. Beispielsweise kann dieses System bei den großen Betonplatten, in denen oft Spannungsrisse entstehen, die durch das Bohrloch verlaufen können, nicht verwendet werden. Durch die entstehenden Spannungsrisse ändert sich die Geometrie des Bohrlochs, die dazu führt, daß der Verbund zur Bohrlochwandung unterbrochen wird. In einem solchen Fall kann das Befestigüngselement bei zunehmender Zugkraft aus dem Bohrloch herausgleiten. Ferner ist durch den geringen Durchmesser des Bolzens und verhältnismäßig großen Ringspalt ein Einsatz dieses Systems für die Befestigungen unter dynamischen Lasten ungeeignet.Practice shows that the known system only in a restricted area can be used. For example, this system in the large concrete slabs, in which stress cracks often occur, which are caused by the Drill hole can not be used. By the arising Stress cracks change the geometry of the borehole, which causes the bond to the borehole wall is interrupted. In such a case the fastening element can pull out of the borehole as the tensile force increases slide out. Furthermore, the small diameter of the bolt and relatively large annular gap use this system for the fastenings unsuitable under dynamic loads.
Ein weiteres System zur Befestigung von Eisenbahnschienen auf einer festen Fahrbahn ist in der DE-OS Nr. 24 53 713 dargestellt. Um die Eisenbahnschiene zu befestigen, ist hier ein Anker vorgeschlagen, der im wesentlichen drei Hauptabschnitte aufweist, das mit einem Gewinde versehene Ankeranschlußstück, einen Übergangsbereich, der einen Übergangskonus bildet, und einen Einsteckteil. Der Anker wird im Bohrloch mit Hilfe einer zerstörbaren Glaspatrone gesetzt.Another system for fastening railroad tracks to a fixed one Roadway is shown in DE-OS No. 24 53 713. Around the railroad track To fasten, an anchor is proposed here, which is essentially three Main sections, the threaded anchor fitting, a transition area that forms a transition cone and one Plug. The anchor is in the borehole with the help of a destructible glass cartridge set.
Als nachteilig hat sich gezeigt, daß beim drehend-schlagenden Setzen des Ankers, insbesondere bei längeren Setzzeiten, die oft benötigt werden, um die Glassplitter mit den Patronenkomponenten zu vermengen, eine unvollständige Vermörtelung, insbesondere im Bohrlochmund, eintritt. Die unvollständige Vermörtelung verursacht eine höhere Querkraftbeanspruchung des Ankers. Dadurch, daß der Anker mit einem Gewinde versehen ist, wird die Ankerstange geschwächt und eine Kerbwirkung tritt ein. Ferner ist das bekannte System durch die vielen Einzelteile, die beim Setzen zusammengeführt sein müssen, kosten- und montageaufwendig.It has been shown to be disadvantageous that when the anchor is set in a rotationally striking manner, especially with longer setting times, which are often required to get the Mixing pieces of glass with the cartridge components is incomplete Mortar, especially in the borehole mouth, occurs. The incomplete Mortar causes a higher shear load on the anchor. Because the anchor is threaded, the anchor rod weakened and a notch effect occurs. Furthermore, the known system due to the many individual parts that have to be brought together when costly and assembly-intensive.
Dadurch, daß bei dem bekannten System nur eine dünne Isolierschicht eingesetzt wird, ist eine elastische Lagerung der Schienen nicht möglich. Characterized in that only a thin insulating layer is used in the known system elastic storage of the rails is not possible.
Aus der EP-A-0713 014 ist ein mittels einer aushärtbaren Masse in einem Bohrloch eines Bauteils festsetzbarer Ankerbolzen bekannt, dessen Verankerungsteil durch einen mit einem Kunststoffmantel umhüllten Konusbolzen gebildet ist. Auf einem an der Stirnseite des Verankerungsteils angeordneten Zapfen ist ein Mischkopf aufgesetzt, der lösbar mit dem Ankerbolzen verbunden ist. Da somit zwischen Ankerbolzen und Mischkopf keine feste Verbindung besteht, kann auf den Mischkopf weder ein Drehmoment übertragen werden noch ist der Mischkopf in der Lage, auf den Ankerbolzen wirkende Zugkräfte aufzunehmen. Zur Vermischung der Komponenten wird der Ankerbolzen mit dem aufgesetzten Mischkopf, der zu diesem Zweck ringförmig und in Achsrichtung versetzt zueinander angeordnete Nocken aufweist, in das Bohrloch eingeschlagen. Um das Setzen des Ankerbolzens durch Einschlagen zu ermöglichen, ist die Menge und die Korngröße der Zugschlagstoffe der Verbundmasse begrenzt, so dass sich aufgrund der geringeren Festigkeit der Verbundmasse nach dem Aushärten auch geringere Haltewerte ergeben.From EP-A-0713 014 is a by means of a curable mass in a borehole of a component fixable anchor bolt known, the anchoring part is formed by a cone bolt covered with a plastic jacket. On a pin arranged on the end face of the anchoring part is a Mixing head attached, which is detachably connected to the anchor bolt. Since therefore There is no fixed connection between the anchor bolt and the mixing head torque is not transmitted to the mixing head nor is the mixing head able to absorb tensile forces acting on the anchor bolt. For mixing the anchor bolt with the attached mixing head, the ring-shaped for this purpose and offset to one another in the axial direction has arranged cams, hammered into the borehole. To put enabling the anchor bolt by hammering in is the amount and the Grain size of the tensile impact materials of the composite mass limited, so that due to the lower strength of the composite after curing result in lower holding values.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Befestigungselement zur Befestigung von Eisenbahnschienen auf einer festen Fahrbahn in der Weise auszubilden, dass einerseits eine gute Vermischung der Verbundmasse im Drehgang ermöglicht wird und andererseits der Mischkopf zur Verankerungswirkung des Ankerbolzens insbesondere auch bei zunehmender Zuglast beiträgt.The invention has for its object a fastener for attachment train railroad tracks on a solid carriageway in such a way that on the one hand a good mixing of the compound mass in the rotation gear and on the other hand the mixing head for anchoring effect of the anchor bolt in particular also contributes to an increasing tensile load.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale erreicht.This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1 reached.
Durch die feste Verbindung zwischen Ankerbolzen und Mischkopf kann der Ankerbolzen im Drehgang gesetzt werden. Durch die wendelförmig angeordneten Rippen am Mischkopf entstehen den ausgehärteten Mörtelkern im Bohrloch hintergreifende Schrägflächen, die die Verankerungswirkung des am Ankerbolzen angeordneten Konuses insbesondere bei Zugbelastung verstärken. Durch die Schrägflächen und den Konus ergibt sich auch ein Nachspreizeffekt, der beim Auftreten von Rissen, die bspw. durch Zwängung in der festen Fahrbahn entstehen können, den Verlust an Haitekraft wieder ausgleicht. Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Verankerungswirkung kann über einen Teil der Länge des Bolzenabschnitts eine Profilierung angebracht sein.Due to the firm connection between anchor bolt and mixing head, the Anchor bolts are set in the rotation gear. Due to the helical shape Arranged ribs on the mixing head create the hardened mortar core in the Inclined surfaces engaging behind the borehole, which reinforce the anchoring effect of the Reinforce the anchor bolt arranged cones, especially when there is tensile load. The inclined surfaces and the cone also result in a spreading effect, that occurs when cracks occur, for example by squeezing in the solid carriageway can arise, compensates for the loss of shark strength. to The anchorage effect can be further improved over part of the Length of the bolt section may be profiled.
Die Erfindung wird anhand des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is based on the embodiment shown in the drawing explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- das erfindungsgemäße Befestigungselement in Seitenansicht und
- Figur 2
- die Befestigung einer Eisenbahnschiene mit dem Befestigungselement nach Figur 1.
- Figure 1
- the fastener according to the invention in side view and
- Figure 2
- the fastening of a railroad track with the fastening element according to FIG. 1.
Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Ankerbolzen 16 weist einen Bolzenabschnitt 10 auf,
der über einen Teil seiner Länge mit einer Profilierung 5 versehen ist. Der
vordere Bereich des Ankerbolzens 16 weist einen Konus 6 auf, an den sich ein
Mischkopf 7 anschließt. Der Mischkopf 7 ist mit wendelförmig angeordneten und
radial abstehenden Rippen 7b versehen, deren Außenmaß etwas kleiner ist als
der Bohrlochdurchmesser in der Betontragplatte. Die zwischen den Rippen 7b
ausgebildeten Nuten 7a ermöglichen beim Eintreiben des Ankerbolzens 16 den
Durchfluss der Verbundmasse. Am hinteren Ende des Ankerbolzens 16 ist eine
selbstsichernde Sechskantmutter 30 auf einem entsprechenden Anschlussgewinde
aufgeschraubt. Zwischen der Sechskantmutter 30 und einer über den
Ankerbolzen gestülpten Zentrierbuchse 3 ist eine Druckfeder 2 angeordnet, die
als Vorspannkraftelement dient.The
In Figur 2 ist die Befestigung einer Eisenbahnschiene 14 dargestellt. Zur Befestigung
der Schiene 14 wird eine Rippenspurplatte 9 mit einer Auflageplatte 11
auf der Betontragplatte 8 ausgerichtet und durch die Befestigungslöcher 15 der
Rippenspurplatte 9 und Auflageplatte 11 die Bohrlöcher 17 in der Betontragplatte
8 gebohrt. Die Schiene 14 ist mit Spannklemmen 12, die mit einer Mutter 1 verspannt
werden, auf der Rippenspurplatte 9 befestigt. Nach Reinigung der Bohrlöcher
wird in diese die Verbundmasse 13 durch Injizieren oder mittels einer
Patrone eingebracht. Danach wird der Ankerbolzen im Drehgang gesetzt, wobei
die Verbundmasse vermengt und der Ringspalt zwischen dem Ankerbolzen 16
und der Wandung des Bohrloches 17 ausgefüllt wird. Nach dem Aushärten der
Masse wird durch Aufschrauben der selbstsichernden Sechskantmutter 30 die
Rippenspurplatte 9 über die Druckfeder 2 auf der Betontragplatte 8 mit einer
Vorspannkraft verspannt, wobei die im Befestigungsloch 15 eingreifende
Zentrierbuchse 3 die Rippenspurplatte 9 gegen Verschieben sichert. Durch die
Schrägflächen der Rippen 7b und dem Konus 6 entstehen im ausgehärteten
Mörtelkern Hinterschneidungen, die in Verbindung mit der durch die Druckfeder 2
erzeugte Vorspannkraft einen Nachspreizeffekt bewirken, so dass eine kontinuierliche
und elastische Verspannung des Einzelstützpunkts 31 erreicht ist.In Figure 2, the fastening of a
Claims (2)
- Fastening element for fastening railway rails on a solid track surface, having an anchor bolt (16) provided with a connection thread at its rear end and provided with an anchoring portion arranged to be fixed, by means of a hardenable compound, in a hole drilled in a structural element, which anchoring portion is composed of a mixing head (7) arranged at the front end of the anchor bolt (16), at least one cone (6) which is adjacent thereto and becomes narrower towards the rear end of the anchor bolt, and a bolt portion (10), characterized in that the anchor bolt (16) is of one-piece construction; and the mixing head (7) has a plurality of helically arranged and radially projecting ribs (7b).
- Fastening element according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt portion (10) has surface-shaping (5) over part of its length, starting from the cone (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19746822 | 1997-10-23 | ||
DE19746822A DE19746822A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Bolt to fasten rails to permanent way using thermosetting material |
PCT/EP1998/006506 WO1999022151A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 | 1998-10-14 | Element for securing railway rails on a solid track |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1023539A1 EP1023539A1 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
EP1023539B1 true EP1023539B1 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
Family
ID=7846384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98954412A Expired - Lifetime EP1023539B1 (en) | 1997-10-23 | 1998-10-14 | Element for securing railway rails on a solid track |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1023539B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001521090A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1276855A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE228217T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9812954A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19746822A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2186238T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999022151A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10054816B4 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2005-09-22 | Saint-Gobain Glass Deutschland Gmbh | Fixing for building wall component of laminated glass has shank passing through hole in inside layer and fastened in cavity in outer layer |
EP2551408B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2014-05-21 | Vossloh-Werke GmbH | System for fixing a rail to a base |
EP2581611A1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | UIP GmbH & Co. KG | Fixing assembly with bi-functional screw |
CN106015233B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-11-06 | 杭州斯泰新材料技术有限公司 | A kind of safe anchor bolt whisking knife with lattice rib |
CN106151208A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州斯泰新材料技术有限公司 | A kind of chemistry bolt and manufacture method |
GB2557609B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2023-01-18 | Pandrol Ltd | A variable diameter fastener for a railway rail fastening assembly |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2453713C3 (en) * | 1974-11-13 | 1980-08-21 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Method for laying and fastening rails on concrete foundation strips or the like |
DE2848761A1 (en) * | 1978-11-10 | 1980-05-22 | Fischer Artur Dr H C | ANCHORING A BOLT BY ADHESIVE |
DE2941769C2 (en) * | 1979-10-16 | 1985-10-31 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Procedure for setting an anchor bolt and anchor bolts |
DE3014569A1 (en) * | 1980-04-16 | 1981-10-22 | Hans-Werner 4156 Willich Korte-Jungermann | Wall hole anchor bolt - has protruding reinforcing portion at inserted end |
DE3139174C2 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1986-08-21 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Anchor bolts |
DE3516866A1 (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1986-11-13 | Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer | ANCHORING A THREADED ROD BY MEANS OF A COMPOSITION |
DE4427305A1 (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-02-08 | Upat Max Langensiepen Kg | Anchoring cartridge |
DE4439861A1 (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-05-09 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Anchor bolt for anchoring using a compound |
DE19634912A1 (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1998-03-05 | Hilti Ag | Anchor rod for mounting in holes |
DE29619480U1 (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 1997-01-09 | Hilti Ag | Rail fastening |
-
1997
- 1997-10-23 DE DE19746822A patent/DE19746822A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-10-14 CN CN98810441A patent/CN1276855A/en active Pending
- 1998-10-14 EP EP98954412A patent/EP1023539B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-14 BR BR9812954-6A patent/BR9812954A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-14 AT AT98954412T patent/ATE228217T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-14 DE DE59806375T patent/DE59806375D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-14 ES ES98954412T patent/ES2186238T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-14 JP JP2000518211A patent/JP2001521090A/en active Pending
- 1998-10-14 WO PCT/EP1998/006506 patent/WO1999022151A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19746822A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
JP2001521090A (en) | 2001-11-06 |
EP1023539A1 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
CN1276855A (en) | 2000-12-13 |
ATE228217T1 (en) | 2002-12-15 |
BR9812954A (en) | 2000-08-08 |
WO1999022151A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
ES2186238T3 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
DE59806375D1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
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