EP1018360A1 - Method for feeding a fluid into a device - Google Patents

Method for feeding a fluid into a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1018360A1
EP1018360A1 EP99811059A EP99811059A EP1018360A1 EP 1018360 A1 EP1018360 A1 EP 1018360A1 EP 99811059 A EP99811059 A EP 99811059A EP 99811059 A EP99811059 A EP 99811059A EP 1018360 A1 EP1018360 A1 EP 1018360A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
column
deflection unit
flow
partial
fluid
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP99811059A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1018360B1 (en
Inventor
Felix Moser
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Sulzer Chemtech AG
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Sulzer Chemtech AG
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Priority to EP19990811059 priority Critical patent/EP1018360B1/en
Publication of EP1018360A1 publication Critical patent/EP1018360A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B01J19/006—Baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00761—Details of the reactor
    • B01J2219/00763—Baffles
    • B01J2219/00765—Baffles attached to the reactor wall
    • B01J2219/0077—Baffles attached to the reactor wall inclined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for feeding a fluid into a Device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a column in which the procedure is executable.
  • a simple gas distributor which acts as a deflection unit on the injected gas stream acts.
  • This deflection unit contains one Baffle plate - arranged vertically in front of the mouth of the feed pipe - through two horizontal plates above and below the junction with the Column wall is connected.
  • a Distribution process in which two partial flows are formed, which are largely flow mirror-symmetrically along the inner wall of the column and then a reflowing stream after reuniting form, whose horizontal speed component is radial to Deflection unit is directed.
  • This backflowing current makes one relative large height of the calming space above the deflection unit is required.
  • a fluid is fed into a device, in particular into a device Column, fed, in which a feed pipe for the fluid in a Deflection unit opens. This is at a vertical distance of Internals, in particular a column packing, arranged.
  • the Deflection unit two sub-flows are largely formed flow mirror-symmetrically along an inner wall of the device and then a reflowing stream after reuniting form, whose horizontal speed component is radial to Deflection unit is directed. At least one is by means of the deflection unit third partial flow is formed, the radial and with respect to the return flow the reunited partial flows are directed in the opposite direction.
  • the third Partial flow is so strong that the return flow largely is prevented from flowing through the column center.
  • Claims 4 to 10 have a device, in particular a column, the object, into which a fluid can be fed according to the inventive method.
  • a column 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 contains internals 10 for example in the form of an ordered package in which a gas 4 and a Liquid can interact and which on a carrier 11th is mounted.
  • the gas 4 is fed through a feed pipe 2 (Inner diameter d) and a deflection unit 3 supplied.
  • This Deflection unit 3 is the deflection unit described above with a baffle plate 30, in the center of which an opening 33 for the exit of a third Partial stream 43 is provided, this partial stream 43 - see FIG. 3 - together with two exiting through side openings 31 and 32 Partial flows 41 and 42 flows into room 12 (calming room).
  • the both horizontal and oppositely directed partial flows 41 and 42 move largely mirror-symmetrically along the inner wall side column 1 and then form one after reuniting returning stream 44, its horizontal speed component is directed radially to the deflection unit 3.
  • the third partial flow 43 is open radially the returning stream 44 of the reunited partial streams 41 and 42 directed.
  • the third partial flow 43 is so strong according to the invention formed that the flowing back stream 44 in a room area 5 so is deflected upwards that he largely due to a flow through the Column center is prevented.
  • the third partial stream 43 is on corresponding way also deflected upwards.
  • the third partial flow 43 should not be so strong that the first two Partial streams 41 and 42 are prevented from entering the entry point to reach the opposite point of the column wall.
  • the opening 33 can, for example, be circular, elliptical or have a rectangular shape. It can also be in several parts as a shower or Screen plate to be formed.
  • the third partial stream 43 is through the Deflection unit 3 metered in such a way that through all three partial flows 41, 42 and 43 Impulses are transported when exiting the deflection unit are largely the same size.
  • the third partial flow 43 leads here preferably with a slightly larger pulse.
  • Fig. 4 is an experiment, the flow field for the inventive To illustrate procedures. This illustration is numerical Results of model calculations are based, but here only qualitatively are reproduced, and various details are neglected.
  • the Flow field is represented by streamlines drawn as chains of arrows.
  • the stream lines 45 correspond to the two partial streams 41 and 42 (FIG. 3) and 47 or 45 'and 47', the third partial stream 43 (FIG. 3) the streamlines 46 and 46 '.
  • the top, bold arrows are all about the same distance apart from the base area 13.
  • On the level 50 shown in dash-dotted lines is the area in which the third partial flow 43 and returning current 44 (see Fig. 3) collide.
  • FIG. 5 also shows qualitatively the flow diagram of FIG. 4 in a top view.
  • another fluid can also be used - namely a liquid or a gas / liquid mixture - with the inventive method be fed into column 1.
  • a gas or a gas / liquid mixture is fed below the column internals 10, namely preferably at a distance that is so large that when the fluid enters the vertical components of the Flow velocities over at least two thirds of the Column cross-section are largely the same size.
  • the deflection unit 3 can be between the confluence of the Feed pipe 2 and the column center through 33 free which the third partial stream 43 can flow radially into the column 1.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 show further embodiments of the deflection unit 3.
  • Fig. 6 is the deflection unit 3 by two blade-like deflection elements 3a and 3b, between which a gap 33 'directly at the mouth of the Feed pipe 2 leaves a passage for the third partial flow 43.
  • the baffle plate 30 is closed.
  • the third partial flow 43 directly at the mouth of the feed pipe 2.
  • the deflection unit 3 can make further breakthroughs have, in particular breakthroughs 34, the additional partial flows 49 below let out.
  • the diameter of the column 1 must not be too big. It should be less than around 4 m, preferably less than 2 m his. At the same time, the diameter of the feed pipe 2 at Confluence have a value d that is greater than around 15% of the Column diameter. Furthermore, the distance between the top should be the deflection unit 3 and the support 11 of the internals 10 may be greater than d.
  • the baffle plate 30 of the deflection unit 3 is in the embodiment of the figures 1 to 5 rectangular; it can be flat or curved.
  • Feed pipes 2 and 2 ' are advantageously used Feed pipes 2 and 2 '(see Fig. 2) in a diametrical arrangement provided (with two identical deflection elements 3 in the Mouths). There can also be more than two such feed points be provided.

Abstract

In the process, the third partial stream (43) is formed by means of diverting device which is directed radially countercurrently to the back flow stream of the united streams. The third partial flow is strong so that the back flow stream prevents flow in central column. Process for injecting of fluid (4) in a device (1), particularly a column, involves using a protruding injecting pipe (2) for the fluid in a diverting device (3) which is vertically inserted (10), e.g. column packing, so that process of diverting two partial streams (41,42) can be formed. The streams flow as mirror symmetrically along an inner wall of the device (1) and reunite forming a back flowing stream (44), which is directed radially to the diverting device horizontal speed component.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einspeisen eines Fluids in eine Einrichtung gemäss Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine Kolonne, in der das Verfahren ausführbar ist.The invention relates to a method for feeding a fluid into a Device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a column in which the procedure is executable.

In Gegenstromkolonnen, die Einbauten zum Durchführen eines Wärme- und/oder Stoffaustauschs zwischen einer Flüssigkeit und einem Gas enthalten, muss das Gas unterhalb den Einbauten so eingespeist werden, dass es möglichst gleichmässig nach oben in die Einbauten einströmt. Dazu können verschiedene bekannte Massnahmen - allein oder in Kombination - vorgesehen werden, die aber Nachteile aufweisen. Diese Massnahmen betreffen die Stellen, an denen das Gas zugeführt wird, und die Form, wie dies durchgeführt wird: 1. Im Raum zwischen der Gaseinspeisestelle und den Einbauten findet eine Beruhigung der Strömung statt. Die Wahl einer ausreichend grossen Beruhigungshöhe wäre an sich vorteilhaft, ist aber aus verschiedenen Gründen - beispielsweise wegen hohen Kosten oder Platzproblemen - oft nicht möglich. 2. Niedrige Einströmgeschwindigkeiten des eingespeisten Gases führen zu einer raschen Beruhigung der Strömung. Sie lassen sich mit einer Vielzahl von Einspeiserohren und/oder grossen Durchmessern der Einspeiserohre erreichen, sind aber wieder aus den bereits genannten Gründen in der Regel nicht realisierbar. 3. Besondere Konstruktionen, die eine gleichmässige Gasverteilung ermöglichen, sind aufwendig und daher teuer und/oder erzeugen hohe Druckverluste, so dass Niederdruckanwendungen (Druck in der Regel kleiner als 100 mbar) nicht in Frage kommen.In countercurrent columns, the internals for performing a heat and / or mass transfer between a liquid and a gas contain, the gas must be fed in below the internals in such a way that it flows into the internals as evenly as possible. To various known measures - alone or in combination - are provided, but which have disadvantages. These measures relate to the places where the gas is supplied and the shape, such as this is done: 1. In the space between the gas feed point and the The flow is calmed down. Choosing one a sufficiently large calming height would be advantageous in itself, but is off various reasons - for example because of high costs or Space problems - often not possible. 2. Low inflow speeds of the gas fed in leads to a rapid calming of the flow. They can be used with a variety of feed pipes and / or large ones Reach diameters of the feed pipes, but are again from the As a rule, the reasons already mentioned cannot be realized. 3. Special Constructions that allow even gas distribution complex and therefore expensive and / or generate high pressure losses, so that Low pressure applications (pressure usually less than 100 mbar) not in Question come.

Es ist ein einfacher Gasverteiler bekannt, der als Umlenkeinheit auf den eingespeisten Gasstrom einwirkt. Diese Umlenkeinheit enthält eine Prallplatte, die - vertikal vor der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs angeordnet - durch zwei horizontale Platten ober- und unterhalb der Einmündung mit der Kolonnenwand verbunden ist. Mit einer solchen Umlenkeinheit ergibt sich ein Verteilverfahren, bei dem zwei Teilströme gebildet werden, die weitgehend spiegelsymmetrisch entlang der Innenwand der Kolonne strömen und anschliessend nach einem Wiedervereinen einen rückfliessenden Strom bilden, dessen horizontale Geschwindigkeitskomponente radial zur Umlenkeinheit gerichtet ist. Dieser rückfliessende Strom macht eine relativ grosse Höhe des Beruhigungsraums über der Umlenkeinheit erforderlich.A simple gas distributor is known which acts as a deflection unit on the injected gas stream acts. This deflection unit contains one Baffle plate - arranged vertically in front of the mouth of the feed pipe - through two horizontal plates above and below the junction with the Column wall is connected. With such a deflection unit, a Distribution process in which two partial flows are formed, which are largely flow mirror-symmetrically along the inner wall of the column and then a reflowing stream after reuniting form, whose horizontal speed component is radial to Deflection unit is directed. This backflowing current makes one relative large height of the calming space above the deflection unit is required.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem mit einer einfachen Umlenkeinheit eine verbesserte Verteilung eines Gases oder eines anderen Fluids möglich ist. Diese Verteilung soll in einer Kolonne erfolgen oder auch in einer anderen Einrichtung, wie beispielsweise in einem gefluteten Festbettreaktor, bei dem eine Flüssigkeit über oder unter dem Festbett zu verteilen ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Anspruch 1 definierte Verfahren gelöst.It is an object of the invention to provide a method in which simple deflection unit an improved distribution of a gas or other fluids is possible. This distribution should take place in a column or in another facility, such as in one flooded fixed bed reactor in which a liquid is above or below the Distribute fixed bed. This object is achieved by the in claim 1 defined procedures solved.

Mit dem Verfahren wird ein Fluid in eine Einrichtung, insbesondere in eine Kolonne, eingespeist, bei der ein Einspeiserohr für das Fluid in eine Umlenkeinheit einmündet. Diese ist in einem vertikalen Abstand von Einbauten, insbesondere einer Kolonnenpackung, angeordnet. In der Umlenkeinheit werden zwei Teilströme gebildet, die weitgehend spiegelsymmetrisch entlang einer Innenwand der Einrichtung strömen und anschliessend nach einem Wiedervereinen einen rückfliessenden Strom bilden, dessen horizontale Geschwindigkeitskomponente radial zur Umlenkeinheit gerichtet ist. Mittels der Umlenkeinheit wird mindestens ein dritter Teilstrom gebildet, der radial und bezüglich dem rückfliessenden Strom der wiedervereinten Teilströme entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist. Der dritte Teilstrom ist so stark ausgebildet, dass der rückfliessende Strom weitgehend an einem Durchströmen des Kolonnenzentrums gehindert wird. With the method, a fluid is fed into a device, in particular into a device Column, fed, in which a feed pipe for the fluid in a Deflection unit opens. This is at a vertical distance of Internals, in particular a column packing, arranged. In the Deflection unit, two sub-flows are largely formed flow mirror-symmetrically along an inner wall of the device and then a reflowing stream after reuniting form, whose horizontal speed component is radial to Deflection unit is directed. At least one is by means of the deflection unit third partial flow is formed, the radial and with respect to the return flow the reunited partial flows are directed in the opposite direction. The third Partial flow is so strong that the return flow largely is prevented from flowing through the column center.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 3 beziehen sich auf vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens. Die Ansprüche 4 bis 10 haben eine Einrichtung, insbesondere eine Kolonne, zum Gegenstand, in die ein Fluid nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren einspeisbar ist.The dependent claims 2 to 3 relate to advantageous Embodiments of the method according to the invention. Claims 4 to 10 have a device, in particular a column, the object, into which a fluid can be fed according to the inventive method.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ausschnittsweise und im Längsschnitt eine Kolonne mit einer Umlenkeinheit für ein einzuspeisendes Gas, das mittels des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens über den Kolonnenquerschnitt verteilbar ist,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch dieselbe Kolonne,
Fig. 3
ein entsprechendes Schrägbild,
Fig. 4
eine qualitative Darstellung der Gasströmung, die sich nach dem Austritt aus der Umlenkeinheit in der Kolonne gemäss den Figuren 1 bis 3 ergibt,
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf das Strömungsbild der Fig. 4 und
Fig. 6 - 8
weitere Ausführungsformen der Umlenkeinheit.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a section and a longitudinal section of a column with a deflection unit for a gas to be fed in, which can be distributed over the column cross section by means of the method according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a cross section through the same column,
Fig. 3
a corresponding oblique image,
Fig. 4
2 shows a qualitative representation of the gas flow which results after the exit from the deflection unit in the column according to FIGS. 1 to 3,
Fig. 5
a plan view of the flow pattern of FIGS. 4 and
6 - 8
further embodiments of the deflection unit.

Eine Kolonne 1 gemäss den Figuren 1 bis 3 enthält Einbauten 10 beispielsweise in Form einer geordneten Packung, in der ein Gas 4 und eine Flüssigkeit in Wechselwirkung treten können und die auf einem Träger 11 montiert ist. In einen leeren Raum 12 zwischen einer Flüssigkeitsoberfläche 13 und dem Träger 11 wird das Gas 4 über ein Einspeiserohr 2 (Innendurchmesser d) und eine Umlenkeinheit 3 zugeführt. Diese Umlenkeinheit 3 ist die oben beschriebene Umlenkeinheit mit einer Prallplatte 30, in deren Zentrum ein Durchbruch 33 für den Austritt eines dritten Teilstroms 43 vorgesehen ist, wobei dieser Teilstrom 43 - siehe Fig. 3 - gemeinsam mit zwei durch seitliche Öffnungen 31 und 32 austretenden Teilströmen 41 und 42 in den Raum 12 (Beruhigungssraum) einströmt. Die beiden horizontal und entgegengesetzt gerichteten Teilströme 41 und 42 bewegen sich weitgehend spiegelsymmetrisch entlang der inneren Wandseite der Kolonne 1 und bilden anschliessend nach einem Wiedervereinen einen rückfliessenden Strom 44, dessen horizontale Geschwindigkeitskomponente radial zur Umlenkeinheit 3 gerichtet ist. Der dritte Teilstrom 43 ist radial auf den rückfliessenden Strom 44 der wiedervereinten Teilströme 41 und 42 gerichtet. Der dritte Teilstrom 43 ist dabei erfindungsgemäss so stark ausgebildet, dass der rückfliessende Strom 44 in einem Raumbereich 5 so nach oben abgelenkt wird, dass er weitgehend an einem Durchströmen des Kolonnenzentrums gehindert wird. Der dritte Teilstrom 43 wird dabei auf entsprechende Weise auch nach oben abgelenkt. Durch die gegenseitige Beeinflussung des Teilstroms 43 und des rückfliessenden Stroms 44 ergibt sich im oberen Bereich des Raums 12 ein Strömungsfeld, das im Vergleich zu einem Strömungsfeld für eine Umlenkeinheit 3 ohne Durchbruch 33 und somit ohne den Teilstrom 43 wesentlich gleichmässiger ist. Selbstverständlich darf der dritte Teilstrom 43 nicht so stark ausgebildet sein, dass die beiden ersten Teilströme 41 und 42 daran gehindert werden, die der Eintrittstelle gegenüberliegende Stelle der Kolonnenwand zu erreichen.A column 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 contains internals 10 for example in the form of an ordered package in which a gas 4 and a Liquid can interact and which on a carrier 11th is mounted. In an empty space 12 between a liquid surface 13 and the carrier 11, the gas 4 is fed through a feed pipe 2 (Inner diameter d) and a deflection unit 3 supplied. This Deflection unit 3 is the deflection unit described above with a baffle plate 30, in the center of which an opening 33 for the exit of a third Partial stream 43 is provided, this partial stream 43 - see FIG. 3 - together with two exiting through side openings 31 and 32 Partial flows 41 and 42 flows into room 12 (calming room). The both horizontal and oppositely directed partial flows 41 and 42 move largely mirror-symmetrically along the inner wall side column 1 and then form one after reuniting returning stream 44, its horizontal speed component is directed radially to the deflection unit 3. The third partial flow 43 is open radially the returning stream 44 of the reunited partial streams 41 and 42 directed. The third partial flow 43 is so strong according to the invention formed that the flowing back stream 44 in a room area 5 so is deflected upwards that he largely due to a flow through the Column center is prevented. The third partial stream 43 is on corresponding way also deflected upwards. By mutual Influencing the partial flow 43 and the return flow 44 results there is a flow field in the upper area of space 12, which is compared to a flow field for a deflection unit 3 without opening 33 and thus without the partial flow 43 is much more uniform. Of course, may the third partial flow 43 should not be so strong that the first two Partial streams 41 and 42 are prevented from entering the entry point to reach the opposite point of the column wall.

Der Durchbruch 33 kann beispielsweise eine kreisförmige, elliptische oder rechteckige Gestalt haben. Er kann auch mehrteilig als Brause oder Siebplatte ausgebildet sein. Der dritte Teilstrom 43 wird durch die Umlenkeinheit 3 so dosiert, dass durch alle drei Teilströme 41, 42 und 43 Impulse transportiert werden, die beim Austritt aus der Umlenkeinheit weitgehend gleich gross sind. Dabei führt der dritte Teilstrom 43 vorzugsweise einen etwas grösseren Impuls mit.The opening 33 can, for example, be circular, elliptical or have a rectangular shape. It can also be in several parts as a shower or Screen plate to be formed. The third partial stream 43 is through the Deflection unit 3 metered in such a way that through all three partial flows 41, 42 and 43 Impulses are transported when exiting the deflection unit are largely the same size. The third partial flow 43 leads here preferably with a slightly larger pulse.

Fig. 4 ist ein Versuch, das Strömungsfeld für das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zu veranschaulichen. Dieser Veranschaulichung liegen numerische Ergebnisse von Modellberechnungen zugrunde, die hier aber nur qualitativ wiedergegeben sind, und wobei diverse Details vernachlässigt sind. Das Strömungsfeld ist durch als Pfeilketten gezeichnete Stromlinien dargestellt. Den beiden Teilströmen 41 und 42 (Fig. 3) entsprechen die Stromlinien 45 und 47 bzw. 45' und 47', dem dritten Teilstrom 43 (Fig. 3) die Stromlinien 46 und 46'. Die obersten, fetten Pfeile haben alle ungefähr den gleichen Abstand von der Grundfläche 13. Auf der strichpunktiert dargestellten Ebene 50 befindet sich der Bereich, in dem der dritte Teilstrom 43 und der rückfliessende Strom 44 (siehe Fig. 3) aufeinander stossen. Die Vertikalen durch die Punkte 51 und 51' gehen ungefähr durch Punkte, bei denen die Stromlinien 45 und 46 bzw. 45' und 46' einander am nähesten kommen. Fig. 5 zeigt ebenfalls qualitativ das Strömungsbild der Fig. 4 in einer Draufsicht. Die dort gestrichelt eingezeichneten Linien 52, 52' geben Flächen an, bei denen sich die Richtungen der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten kehren. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind bei der Veranschaulichung Details vernachlässigt worden: nämlich beispielsweise Gebiete des Strömungsfelds, in denen die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit nach unten gerichtet ist.Fig. 4 is an experiment, the flow field for the inventive To illustrate procedures. This illustration is numerical Results of model calculations are based, but here only qualitatively are reproduced, and various details are neglected. The Flow field is represented by streamlines drawn as chains of arrows. The stream lines 45 correspond to the two partial streams 41 and 42 (FIG. 3) and 47 or 45 'and 47', the third partial stream 43 (FIG. 3) the streamlines 46 and 46 '. The top, bold arrows are all about the same distance apart from the base area 13. On the level 50 shown in dash-dotted lines is the area in which the third partial flow 43 and returning current 44 (see Fig. 3) collide. The vertical through points 51 and 51 'go approximately through points at which the Streamlines 45 and 46 or 45 'and 46' come closest to each other. Fig. 5 also shows qualitatively the flow diagram of FIG. 4 in a top view. The Lines 52, 52 'drawn in dashed lines there indicate areas where the directions of the flow velocities reverse. As before details have been neglected in the illustration: namely, for example, areas of the flow field in which the Flow rate is directed downwards.

Anstelle des Gases 4 kann auch ein anderes Fluid - nämlich eine Flüssigkeit oder ein Gas/Flüssigkeits-Gemisch - mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren in die Kolonne 1 eingespeist werden. Ein Gas oder ein Gas/Flüssigkeits-Gemisch wird unterhalb den Kolonneneinbauten 10 zugeführt und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Abstand, der so gross ist, dass beim Eintritt des Fluids in die Einbauten die vertikalen Komponenten der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten über mindestens zwei Drittel des Kolonnenquerschnitts weitgehend gleich gross sind.Instead of the gas 4, another fluid can also be used - namely a liquid or a gas / liquid mixture - with the inventive method be fed into column 1. A gas or a gas / liquid mixture is fed below the column internals 10, namely preferably at a distance that is so large that when the fluid enters the vertical components of the Flow velocities over at least two thirds of the Column cross-section are largely the same size.

Erfindungsgemäss lässt die Umlenkeinheit 3 zwischen der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs 2 und dem Kolonnenzentrum einen Durchgang 33 frei, durch den der dritte Teilstrom 43 radial in die Kolonne 1 einströmen kann. Die Figuren 6 bis 8 zeigen weitere Ausführungsformen der Umlenkeinheit 3. In Fig. 6 ist die Umlenkeinheit 3 durch zwei schaufelartige Umlenkelemente 3a und 3b gebildet, zwischen denen ein Spalt 33' direkt an der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs 2 einen Durchlass für den dritten Teilstrom 43 freilässt. In Fig. 7 ist die Prallplatte 30 geschlossen. Hier liegt wieder ein Durchlass 33" für den dritten Teilstrom 43 direkt an der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs 2 vor. Beim Beispiel der Fig. 8 wird der dritte Teilstrom 43 über ein Rohr 330 in die Kolonnenmitte geführt. Die Umlenkeinheit 3 kann weitere Durchbrüche aufweisen, insbesondere Durchbrüche 34, die zusätzlich Teilströme 49 unten austreten lassen.According to the invention, the deflection unit 3 can be between the confluence of the Feed pipe 2 and the column center through 33 free which the third partial stream 43 can flow radially into the column 1. The FIGS. 6 to 8 show further embodiments of the deflection unit 3. In Fig. 6 is the deflection unit 3 by two blade-like deflection elements 3a and 3b, between which a gap 33 'directly at the mouth of the Feed pipe 2 leaves a passage for the third partial flow 43. In Fig. 7, the baffle plate 30 is closed. Here is another passage 33 "for the third partial flow 43 directly at the mouth of the feed pipe 2. At the Example of Fig. 8, the third partial flow 43 via a pipe 330 in the Column center led. The deflection unit 3 can make further breakthroughs have, in particular breakthroughs 34, the additional partial flows 49 below let out.

Damit das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren eine ausreichend gute Verteilung des eingespeisten Fluids 4 ergibt, darf der Durchmesser der Kolonne 1 nicht zu gross sein. Er sollte kleiner als rund 4 m, vorzugsweise kleiner als 2 m sein. Gleichzeitig sollte der Durchmesser des Einspeiserohrs 2 bei der Einmündung einen Wert d haben, der grösser als rund 15% des Kolonnendurchmessers ist. Ferner sollte der Abstand zwischen der Oberseite der Umlenkeinheit 3 und dem Träger 11 der Einbauten 10 grösser als d sein.So that the method according to the invention has a sufficiently good distribution of the fluid 4 fed in, the diameter of the column 1 must not be too big. It should be less than around 4 m, preferably less than 2 m his. At the same time, the diameter of the feed pipe 2 at Confluence have a value d that is greater than around 15% of the Column diameter. Furthermore, the distance between the top should be the deflection unit 3 and the support 11 of the internals 10 may be greater than d.

Die Prallplatte 30 der Umlenkeinheit 3 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 bis 5 rechteckig; sie kann eben oder gekrümmt sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Prallplatte 30 in einem Abstand von 0,4 d bis 0,8 d vor der Mündungsstelle angeordnet (d = Durchmesser des Einspeiserohrs 2); ihre Höhe beträgt 1,2 d bis 1,5 d; die Distanz zwischen den vertikalen Seitenkanten beträgt 1,5 d bis 2 d.The baffle plate 30 of the deflection unit 3 is in the embodiment of the figures 1 to 5 rectangular; it can be flat or curved. Preferably, the Baffle plate 30 at a distance of 0.4 d to 0.8 d in front of the muzzle arranged (d = diameter of the feed pipe 2); its height is 1.2 d up to 1.5 d; the distance between the vertical side edges is 1.5 d to 2 d.

Ist der Kolonnendurchmessers gross, so werden mit Vorteil zwei Einspeiserohre 2 und 2' (siehe Fig. 2) in einer diametralen Anordnung vorgesehen (mit zwei gleichen Umlenkelementen 3 bei den Mündungsstellen). Es können auch mehr als zwei derartige Einspeisestellen vorgesehen werden.If the column diameter is large, two are advantageously used Feed pipes 2 and 2 '(see Fig. 2) in a diametrical arrangement provided (with two identical deflection elements 3 in the Mouths). There can also be more than two such feed points be provided.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Einspeisen eines Fluids (4) in eine Einrichtung (1), insbesondere in eine Kolonne, bei der ein Einspeiserohr (2) für das Fluid in eine Umlenkeinheit (3) einmündet, die in einem vertikalen Abstand von Einbauten (10), insbesondere einer Kolonnenpackung, angeordnet ist, bei welchem Verfahren in der Umlenkeinheit zwei Teilströme (41, 42) gebildet werden, die weitgehend spiegelsymmetrisch entlang einer Innenwand der Einrichtung (1) strömen und anschliessend nach einem Wiedervereinen einen rückfliessenden Strom (44) bilden, dessen horizontale Geschwindigkeitskomponente radial zur Umlenkeinheit gerichtet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein dritter Teilstrom (43) mittels der Umlenkeinheit gebildet wird, der radial und bezüglich dem rückfliessenden Strom der wiedervereinten Teilströme entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist, und dass der dritte Teilstrom so stark ausgebildet ist, dass der rückfliessende Strom weitgehend an einem Durchströmen des Kolonnenzentrums gehindert wird.Method for feeding a fluid (4) into a device (1), in particular in a column in which a feed pipe (2) for the Fluid opens into a deflection unit (3), which in a vertical Distance from internals (10), in particular a column packing, is arranged, in which method in the deflection unit two Partial streams (41, 42) are largely formed mirror-symmetrical along an inner wall of the device (1) stream and then one after reuniting return flow (44) form its horizontal Speed component is directed radially to the deflection unit, characterized in that at least a third partial flow (43) is formed by means of the deflection unit, the radial and with respect to the reverse flow of the reunited partial flows opposite is directed, and that the third partial flow is so strong that the current flowing back largely through a flow through the Column center is prevented. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Teilstrom (43) durch die Umlenkeinheit (3) so dosiert wird, dass durch alle drei Teilströme (41, 42, 43) Impulse transportiert werden, die beim Austritt aus der Umlenkeinheit weitgehend gleich gross sind, wobei der dritte Teilstrom vorzugsweise einen etwas grösseren Impuls transportiert.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the third Partial flow (43) is metered through the deflection unit (3) so that through all three sub-streams (41, 42, 43) are transported impulses at Exit from the deflection unit are largely the same size, the third partial stream preferably a slightly larger pulse transported. Verfahren nach nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluid (4) ein Gas oder ein Gas/Flüssigkeits-Gemisch ist, dass das Fluid unterhalb der Einbauten (10) eingespeist wird und dass der Abstand zwischen Umlenkeinheit (3) und Einbauten so gross ist, dass beim Eintritt des Fluids in die Einbauten die vertikalen Komponenten der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten über mindestens zwei Drittel des Einbautenquerschnitts weitgehend gleich gross sind.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the fluid (4) is a gas or a gas / liquid mixture that the fluid below the internals (10) is fed in and that the The distance between the deflection unit (3) and internals is so large that the vertical components when the fluid enters the internals the flow velocities over at least two thirds of the Installation cross section are largely the same size. Kolonne (1), deren Querschnitt kreisförmig ist, mit Einbauten (10) zum Durchführen eines Wärme- und/oder Stoffaustauschs zwischen zwei Fluiden unterschiedlicher Dichte, mit einem Einspeiserohr (2) für das weniger dichte Fluid (4) unterhalb den Einbauten und mit einer Umlenkeinheit (3), in die das Einspeiserohr einmündet und mittels der das eingespeiste Fluid (4) in zwei horizontal und in entgegengesetzte Richtungen abströmende Teilströme (41, 43) verzweigbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umlenkeinheit zwischen der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs (2) und dem Kolonnenzentrum einen Durchgang (33) freilässt, durch den ein dritter Teilstrom (43) radial in die Kolonne einströmen kann.Column (1), the cross section of which is circular, with internals (10) for Performing a heat and / or mass transfer between two Fluids of different densities, with a feed pipe (2) for the less dense fluid (4) below the internals and with a Deflection unit (3) into which the feed pipe opens and by means of the fluid (4) fed in two horizontally and in opposite Partial streams (41, 43) flowing in directions can be branched, characterized in that the deflection unit between the Junction of the feed pipe (2) and the column center one Leaves passage (33) through which a third partial flow (43) radially in can flow into the column. Kolonne nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umlenkeinheit (3) ihre Funktion mit einer Prallplatte (30) ausübt, die vertikal vor der Einmündung des Einspeiserohrs (2) angeordnet ist und die durch zwei horizontale Platten ober- und unterhalb der Einmündung mit der Kolonnenwand verbunden ist, und dass die Prallplatte einen zentralen Durchbruch (33) aufweist, der beispielsweise eine kreisförmige, elliptische oder rechteckige Gestalt hat oder der auch mehrteilig als Brause ausgebildet sein kann.Column according to claim 4, characterized in that the Deflection unit (3) performs its function with a baffle plate (30) is arranged vertically in front of the mouth of the feed pipe (2) and through two horizontal plates above and below the confluence is connected to the column wall, and that the baffle plate one Central breakthrough (33), for example, a circular, elliptical or rectangular shape or the like can be formed in several parts as a shower. Kolonne nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolonnendurchmessers kleiner als rund 4 m, vorzugsweise kleiner als 2 m ist, dass der Durchmesser des Einspeiserohrs (2) bei der Einmündung einen Wert d hat, der grösser als rund 15% des Kolonnendurchmessers ist, und dass der Abstand zwischen der Oberseite der Umlenkeinheit (3) und einem Träger (11) der Einbauten (10) grösser als d ist.Column according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the Column diameter smaller than around 4 m, preferably smaller than 2 m is that the diameter of the feed pipe (2) at the Confluence has a value d that is greater than around 15% of the Column diameter, and that the distance between the Top of the deflection unit (3) and a support (11) of the internals (10) is greater than d. Kolonne nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Prallplatte (30) der Umlenkeinheit (3) zumindest angenähert rechteckig ist und zwar mit vertikalen Seitenkanten sowie horizontalen Seitenkanten, die insbesondere gekrümmt sein können, dass die Prallplatte in einem Abstand von 0,4 d bis 0,8 d vor der Einmündung angeordnet ist, dass ihre Höhe 1,2 d bis 1,5 d beträgt und dass die vertikalen Seitenkanten eine Entfernung von 1,5 d bis 2 d aufweisen.Column according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the baffle plate (30) at least approximates the deflection unit (3) is rectangular with vertical side edges and horizontal Side edges that can be curved in particular that the Baffle plate at a distance of 0.4 d to 0.8 d before the junction is arranged that their height is 1.2 d to 1.5 d and that the vertical side edges have a distance of 1.5 d to 2 d. Kolonne nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Mehrzahl von Einspeiserohren (2, 2') mit gleichen Umlenkelementen (3) bei den Mündungsstellen vorgesehen sind.Column according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a A plurality of feed pipes (2, 2 ') with the same deflection elements (3) are provided at the muzzle points. Kolonne nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Einspeiserohre (2, 2') in einer diametralen Anordnung vorgesehen sind.Column according to claim 8, characterized in that two Feed pipes (2, 2 ') are provided in a diametrical arrangement. Kolonne nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umlenkeinheit (3) weitere Durchbrüche (34) aufweist, insbesondere Durchbrüche, die zusätzlich Teilströme (49) unten austreten lassen.Column according to one of Claims 4 to 9, characterized in that that the deflection unit (3) has further openings (34), in particular breakthroughs, the additional partial flows (49) below let out.
EP19990811059 1998-12-15 1999-11-17 Method and apparatus for feeding a fluid into a column Expired - Lifetime EP1018360B1 (en)

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EP1854523A2 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-14 Sulzer Chemtech AG Fluid inlet device for an apparatus
US7513271B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2009-04-07 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Fluid inlet device for an apparatus
EP1854523A3 (en) * 2006-05-12 2013-04-24 Sulzer Chemtech AG Fluid inlet device for an apparatus
JP2011062608A (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-31 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Rectifier and co2 recovery apparatus
EP2712663A1 (en) 2012-10-01 2014-04-02 Basf Se Apparatus, in particular column, with a horizontal supply for a fluid, in particular two-phase flow, and a deflection unit for that fluid

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